八年級下知識精講精練（綜合）2

1、（英語提高培訓(xùn)）八年級下知識點(diǎn)精講精練（二） 1. argue _ sb.和某人爭吵 Im not happy, because I argued_ my best friend_the gift. A. to; about B.as; on C. like;on D.with;about2. call sb. up給某人打電話 = give sb a phone call=give sb a ring = make a phone call to sb =ring sb up The teacher told my father_last night. A. call him up B. t

2、o call him up C. called up him D. to ring up him3. find out弄明白、找出 、查出（答案、事實(shí)的真相）意為“找出”“發(fā)現(xiàn)”“查出(真相)” 則需 經(jīng)過一番努力后發(fā)現(xiàn)，有“查明，弄清”的意思。 find 找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)（丟失的人或物）（找的結(jié)果）找到丟失 或物、往往指憑一時(shí)的直接感覺或偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)， 1)Please _ who is late for class today? 2)Steven, could you help me _when the plane will take off on the Internet? I m sorry.

3、My computer doesn t work. A. get on B. find out C. look for D. look after3) I cant _ my lost pen.look for 尋找（找的過程）1) -What are you doing, Li Lei?- Im _my dog. But I cant _ it. Can you help me?2)The policemen _ the thief. A. was looking forB. were looking for C. was findingD. were finding3) He _a bag

4、 on the chair. 4)Please_ when the train will leave. 5）Please _ when the plane flies to New York.4. surprise sb.=make sb. _ ( surprise)使某人驚訝 to ones surprise令某人驚訝的事_ my surprise, he passed the exam. A. To B. For C. In D. On5. borrow sth. from sb. /sp.向某人或從某地借某物 （借進(jìn)） lend sb sth =lend sth to sb 借給某人某物

5、（借出） keep sth for +段時(shí)間 1)You can_ some mmey from your friends. A. take B. lend C. borrow D. get 2)She often _ books _ me.= She often borrows my books. 3)He _ a car from his school. 4)-Can you _ me some money?Sure. -How long may I _ your bike? -For about 2 hours.6. be popular _/ among sb.受某人歡迎 ; be p

6、opular _ 地點(diǎn)7. return sb. sth. = return sth. _ sb.=give sth back to sb 把某物歸還給某人 We must _the book_the library on time. A. return back,to B. give back,for C. return,to D. give,for8. leave sth.+somewhere把某物遺忘在某地 （不能用forget） John _(left/forgot) his dictionary at school.9. be the same age as sb.= as old

7、as sb.和某人同齡 Jim and I are of the same age.(改為同義句) Jim is _old_I am.10. _ _the words查單詞 ;注意代詞放中間 look it/them up You can _ in the dictionary when you dont read the new words. A. look it up B.look them up C. look up it D. look up them11. complain to sb. about (=of ) sth.向某人抱怨某事 She loves her job and n

8、ever complains about_long hours. A. running B. drinking C. working D. having12. find it( is/was) hard to think for oneself覺得獨(dú)立思考難 find(think/believe) +it+adj.+to do sth= find(think/believe) +it+be+adj.+to do sth(變成了賓語從句)1）I found it was easy to learn English well. = I found _ easy to learn English w

9、ell.2) I found it difficult _others with English. A. help B. helping C. helped ,D. to help3) She finds _ important to keep healthy . A. it was B. thats C. it d. them4) We found _ impolite to talk with old men like that. A. its B. that was C. this d. it was13. 1)not. until直到才 （not否定瞬間動詞）=、after、I _ t

10、o bed until my mother came back. A. didnt go B. dont go C. doesnt go She didnt go home until 5 oclock.= She _ home _ 5 oclock.Last night I watched the football match and didnt go to bed_12 oclock. A. when B. until C. as D. while 2)延續(xù)性動詞+until I waited for him _ 10 oclock.14. maybe是副詞，用來表示推測，譯為“也 午，或

11、許， 大概”； may be 是情態(tài)動詞may+be eg. Maybe you are right. =You _right. Maybe its in your bag.= It _ _ in your bag. She may be a teacher.= _ she _ a teacher. Maybe he knows it . = He _ _ it.Maybe they will go out for a walk. maybe不同于may be, maybe是副詞，may be是情態(tài)動詞may 加上動詞原形be，意為 “或許”，后接形容詞、名司、代詞等。 eg. It may

12、be true. He may be the man we are looking for. 15.either的用法 (1) adv.表否定:也不 If he doesnt go，I wont go, _ .=If he doesnt go, _ will I.如果他不去，我也不會去。 (2)pron.表兩者中的任何一個，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。它的完全否定詞為neither.Either of the students _(have) to borrow a dictionary from the library.兩個學(xué)生中有一個不得不從圖書館借書。 I dont like either of t

13、he photos. =I like neither of the photos. 兩張照片我都不喜歡。 Neither of the answers _(be) right.兩個答案都不對。-Which would you like, tea or coffee? -_is OK. A. both B. either C. every D. allWhen shall I phone you, morning or afternoon? -_.Ill be at home all day. A. All B. Both C. Either D. Neither注意:三者以上的任何一個為any

14、，它的完全否定詞為none.I dont understand any of the questions.這些問題我都不明白。 =I understand none of the questions. (3)adj.放在單數(shù)名詞的前面，表示兩者中任一的，無論哪一的。 _answer is OK.=Both of the answers(=Both answers ) are OK.兩個答案都正確。 There are many shops on either side of the street. （either 兩者中任意一個）街道兩邊有許多商店。 =There are many shops

15、 on both sides of the streets. （both 兩者都）=There are many shops on each side of the street. (each 每一“兩者、兩者以上中的每一個”)every+n.單數(shù)（every強(qiáng)調(diào)三者、三者以上中的每一個）* There are many green trees on _ side of the lake.湖畔的每一邊都有許多綠色的樹木。A. both B. either C. every D. all*There are lots of trees on _ side of the street. A. bo

16、th B. either C. every D. all (4)conj.常與or連用，即:either. or. 意思為或者或者，要么要么 *either. or連接主語時(shí)，謂語動詞要與or后的主語保持一致 You can _ stay_ leave.你可以留下或者離開。 Either he or I _(be) right.不是他對就是我對。 Either you or she _(know) the answer. 或者你或靚知道答案。 16. (1) need是個情態(tài)動詞，也可以是行為動詞。 當(dāng)它是情態(tài)動詞時(shí)，后邊直接加行為動詞，表示“需要”，但need作情態(tài)動詞時(shí)一般不用于肯定句。它

17、一般用于否定句和疑問句中。eg. You need not _(meet) him.你不必見他。 _ I repeat it?我有必要重復(fù)它嗎? 對上一句的簡略回答為:Yes, you _. /No, you _. 此外情態(tài)動詞must提問時(shí)，否定回答為 No,neednteg.a) Must he finish the homework now?Yes, he _. /No, he _. /No, he doesnt have to. b)Shall I tell her the result now? -_. I told it to her just now. A. Yes, you s

18、hall B. No, you shouldn t C. No, you neednt D. Yes, you need.當(dāng)need作行為動詞時(shí)，同其他行為動詞一樣對待， need后加不定式為“need to do”。 eg. I need _(finish)the work. I need _some money to buy this CD player. What should I do? A. to get B. get getting D. not變?yōu)橐蓡柧鋾r(shí)，不能像它作情態(tài)動詞時(shí)直接提前，而要加助動詞do/ does/ did等。eg. He needs to write many

19、 words. 改成一般問句: _he need to write many words ? Yes，he does. /No, he _. 17. (sb.)pay( money) for sth.(某人)為某物而付款 =( sb. ) spend( money) on sth.在某物上花多少錢 spend money (in) doing sth=(Sth.)cost sb.(money)什么東西值多少錢 這三個短語都是表示付款。但pay, spend指的是 “人”，主語為人，而cost指的是“物”，主語為“物”。 例如說他昨天花10元買了一本書。用以上三個短語分別為: a) He pai

20、d 10 yuan for the book yesterday. 他昨天為這本書付了10元錢。=He _10 yuan on the book yesterday. 他花了10元錢(買)這本書。=The book _ him 10 yuan yesterday. 這本書昨天花了他10元錢。b)He is unhappy because he has no money to _ the T-shirt. A. take B. spend C. pay for D. payc) Im afraid Ill have to _the lost book. A. pay for B. paid fo

21、r C. pay ofD. paid on上三個動詞的動詞過去式 Pay-_ spend-_ cost_ 此外，spend time on sth 花時(shí)間在什么事上 spend time ( in) doing sth花時(shí)間做某事Mr Wang spends a lot of time _(write) his novel every day.18. get sb. to do使某人做(以人為對象時(shí)，有“說服做”的含義) Youll never get her to agree.你決不可能使她同意。 She got me _(wait) for her for half an hour.注意：

22、意思與使役動詞make/let/have sb +do sth一樣（只是不能用to） She made me _(wait) for her for half an hour. = 2 * GB3 ask sb. to do邀請(某人)做 We asked her _( come )to our party.我們請她來參加聚會。 tell sb. to do叫某人做 The teacher told him _( finish) the work that day.那天老師讓他完成那項(xiàng)工作。 19. else修飾不定代詞(something, everything ,somebody, any

23、body等)，疑問代詞(who, which, whom等)和疑問副詞(when, where等)，要用在這些詞后面，譯為“別的”.eg. What _ can you do? Is there anything _you dont know? What _(else/other) did you do yesterday?20. except是介詞，表示“除了”，“除了我”譯為”except me”。except強(qiáng)調(diào)“除去”(后邊跟的人或物不包含在里邊)。 besides 表示“除了之外，還包括、” but 除了之外; but的意思與except接近，它主要與某些不定代詞如nothing，a

24、ll，anything， no one，anyone等連用except for表示“除了”，它引出一個與前面的詞相反的原因或者事例(常常是瑕疵之類的除外，整體怎樣怎樣)eg. _ Li Ming, forty-five students are still in the class, because hes ill at home.The class are going to the zoo_ me tomorrow. I went there yesterday.-Were all here_Lily. Wheres she? Shes gone to the library. A. bes

25、ide B. besides C. except D. of No one _ me passed the exam yesterday. 昨天除了我以外沒別人考及格。Theres nothing _ a card in the box.This morning ,we learned all subjects _ English. 20. 特殊疑問詞+to do這種結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)常放在tell, show, teach, forget, find out等詞后作賓語。 eg. I forgot _to do next. A. what B. how C. when D.whereThe teache

26、r showed us _ to do with it. A. what B. how C. when D.whereI dont know _ to do it next. A. what B. how I dont know what should I do.= I dont know_ _ do. Nobody told us how we should do it. = Nobody told us _ _ do it. They dont know where they should go.= They dont know_ _ go. He asked us when we sho

27、uld leave.(改為同義句)= He asked us _ _ _.21. see/hear/watch sb. doing看見某人正在干某事 ；see/hear/watch sb do stheg. We saw them _( play) basketball at that time.那時(shí)我們看見他們在打籃球。 I often see the boys _(swim) in the river. I saw a boy _ when I walked along the nver. A. to swim B. swim C. swimming D. swam能力提高精練南開中學(xué)試題精選選 XI. 短文填空。（每小題2分，共16分）請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和語法，在每個空白處填上一個恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使短文完整、通暢。Are there migrant workers（外來務(wù)工人員）in your city ? Do you ever 88 at them because of their dirty old clothes and dialects（方言）?They are so