會議口譯資料一

1、會議口譯資料一（社會大類必背材料）:詳細內(nèi)容：:體育與健康高超的才智需要健康的體魄，這樣才智才能充分發(fā)揮。有益的運動有很多，它們有益于 健康，許多運動項目雨天可以在室內(nèi)進行。然而，室內(nèi)運動總不像在戶外的新鮮空氣中 進行活動那么好，因為我們身體在新鮮空氣中會汲取更多氧氣，吐出更多廢氣。室內(nèi)空 氣的新鮮程度保持不了多久，而戶外空氣則常常新鮮而清爽。但是可以進行哪些項目 呢？可進行的項目有足球、籃球、跑步等等，只要有足夠的運動量的體育項目都是有益 的，最好的是那些在戶外進行的運動。A strong mind needs strong body in order to make it most use

2、ful. There are a great many good exercises. They are helpful and healthful. Many of them may be taken ind oors during rainy weather. Indoor exercises, however, are never as helpful as those tak en out of doors in pure fresh air. It is because in fresh air more oxygen is taken into our systems and mo

3、re wastes are given off. The air in the house does not remain fresh very long. But out of doors it is usually fresh and pure. But what shall we play?There are a number of games such as football, basketball, races. Any game with pl enty of movement is good. The best are those that are played out of d

4、oors.不斷變化的環(huán)境擴大了食品選擇范圍，改變了飲食習慣。雜貨店貨架上的物品花樣愈加 繁多，包裝食品，快餐店，軟飲料俯拾即是。雖然這些食品快捷便利，但是他們趨向于 高脂肪、高糖、高卡路里，食用過多這些類型的食品會導致卡路里攝入過量。一些食品 包裝上標注著健康，低脂肪或無脂肪，但許多食品含的卡路里比他們實際取代的食品含 的卡路里還要多，重要的是閱讀食品標簽以了解營養(yǎng)信息且適量進食。Grocery stored stock their shelves with a greater selection of products. Pre-packaged f oods, fast food rest

5、aurants, and soft drinks are also more accessible. While such foods are fast and convenient they also tend to be high in fat, sugar, and calories. Choosin g many foods from these areas may contribute to an excessive calorie intake. Some fo ods are marketed as healthy, low fat, or fat-free, but may c

6、ontain more calories than t he fat containing food they are designed to replace. It is important to read food labels for nutritional information and to eat in moderation.太極拳是從中國的赤手搏擊演變而來的古老武術(shù)之一，武術(shù)扎根中國哲學思想，傾注精神 層面發(fā)展，是提升自我與專注意識的方式，在中國乃至全世界人民紛紛練習，它動作舒 緩優(yōu)美，可強健筋骨，使身姿靈活，對健康大有裨益。太極拳即可治病健身，可御敵還 擊，它注重形神合而為一，

7、強調(diào)專心致志的能力，不致分心或受擾。Shadow boxing is one of the ancient martial arts that evolved from unarmed combat i n China. The martial arts have their roots in Chinese philosophy and involve considera ble focus on their spiritual aspects and as a means of increasing self-concept and conc entration. Shadow boxin

8、g is practiced not only in China but all over the world for its health benefits-developing strength and flexibility with its slow, graceful movements.As both healing art and fighting art, shadow boxing emphasizes the mind and body c onnection. It focuses on developing the ability to center oneself a

9、nd therefore not be e asily distracted or confused.醫(yī)療與衛(wèi)生新中國1949年成立之后，中國政府把醫(yī)療工作的重點放在了農(nóng)村衛(wèi)生服務，疾病的防 治，保健和中醫(yī)學的改進上來。政府致力于建立醫(yī)療公共衛(wèi)生機構(gòu)。一個全國范圍內(nèi)的 公共衛(wèi)生網(wǎng)絡已經(jīng)形成，并且已有了大批的醫(yī)療人員。隨著醫(yī)療教育制度建立，大量的 醫(yī)療專家接受了培訓。After the founding of New China in 1949, the Chinese government put the emphasis of medical work on rural health ser

10、vices, disease prevention and health care, and prom otion of traditional Chinese medicine. Great efforts were devoted to setting up medical and public health institutions. A nationwide public health network has been formed a nd there is now a large contingent of medical personnel. With a medical edu

11、cation sy stem established, a large number of medical experts have been trained.醫(yī)療技術(shù)有了很大的提高，醫(yī)療工作的管理和監(jiān)督業(yè)得到了加強。在城市和農(nóng)村已建立 的醫(yī)療保健制度下，每個人都只用支付一小部分的醫(yī)療費。中醫(yī)在同西醫(yī)的結(jié)合中得到 了提高。傳染性疾病的發(fā)病率大幅下降，一些地方性疾病也在控制之中。農(nóng)村的衛(wèi)生事 業(yè)日趨完善，對于國民整體的健康水平意義重大。中國人民的平均壽命，嬰兒死亡率和 初生兒死亡率都已接近當今世界水平。The medical technology has improved greatly, an

12、d the management and supervision of medical work have been strengthened. An urban and rural medical insurance system has been established, under which the individual pays a small portion of the medical e xpense. Traditional Chinese medicine has been promoted through its integration with Western medi

13、cine. The incidence of many epidemic diseases has dropped considerably, and some endemic diseases are now under control. Rural health work has been impro ved, greatly contributing to the overall health of the population. The average life expe ctance of Chinese people, the death rate of infants and c

14、hildbirth death rate has appro ached the world advanced levels.在衛(wèi)生方面，著力加強公共衛(wèi)生體系建設和農(nóng)村衛(wèi)生工作。加強艾滋病等重大疾病防治。 高度重視高致病性禽流感疫情防控工作，有效遏制了疫情蔓延和對人的傳播。人口和計 劃生育工作取得新進展。In health, we put great effort into improving the public health system and rural health care work. We intensified efforts to prevent and treat majo

15、r diseases such as AIDS a nd gave high priority to the prevention and control of highly pathogenic avian influen za, keeping it from spreading and infecting people. Progress was made in population work and family planning.傳統(tǒng)的中醫(yī)是經(jīng)臨床驗證，并且具有獨樹一幟的治療理論的數(shù)千年的療法。中國政府不 僅下大氣力發(fā)展現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學而且還對中國的傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)的開發(fā)和發(fā)展，特別是在治療中綜合

16、兩種療法采取了鼓勵的態(tài)度。中國政府制訂了一系列的政策和措施推動中國傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)和 藥理學的發(fā)展。傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)強調(diào)器官的內(nèi)部協(xié)調(diào)功能和增強人體對疾病的抵抗力的重要 性。因此，傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)是建立在對人體上的規(guī)范控制基礎上的，也就是說，是建立在自我 控制基礎上的。Traditional Chinese medicine has clinical experience and a unique system of therapies that are thousands of years old. The Chinese government not only makes great efforts to dev

17、elop modern medicine but also adopts a positive attitude toward the exploration and development of traditional Chinese medicine and especially, a combination of the two in treatment. A series of policies and principles have been formulated and regula tions adopted to advance TCM and pharmacology. Tr

18、aditional Chinese medicine empha sizes the organisms internal function and the importance of building up the bodys re sistance to diseases. Treatment by TCM is thus based on “the regulation of the whole organism”, that is to say, on “selFregulation.”傳統(tǒng)的中醫(yī)在治療的過程中的好處是對身體沒有副作用，而化學藥品對身體都有副作 用，因此，它吸引了許多發(fā)

19、達國家醫(yī)生的注意力，因為當今社會，他們越來越關(guān)心他們 用藥的副作用。針灸療法和陣腳麻醉法現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)在世界范圍內(nèi)120個國家和地區(qū)被使用。 中國傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)同時還有很多具體的療法幫助病人逐漸康復。針對重大疾病出現(xiàn)了一系列 療法，比如針灸，灸術(shù)，按摩，拔火罐，氣功，或者是用中草藥結(jié)合加以食物輔助都非 常的有效。As traditional Chinese medicine has the great advantage of treating diseases without p olluting the body with chemical substances, is has attracted t

20、he attention of doctors in the developed countries who are more and more concerned about the side effects ofthe medicine they use. Acupuncture treatment and acupuncture anesthesia are now used in 120 countries and regions throughout the world. Traditional Chinese medicine hasalso many specific remed

21、ies to help the patient recover during convalescence. After e mergency treatment of acute and dangerous diseases, acupuncture, moxibustion, massag e, cupping, qigong and a combined treatment of medicinal plants and diet have proved to be very helpful.文化與藝術(shù)漢字時由圖畫和符號演變來的，當中國的書寫漢字有了進步之后，奇特的中國書法才真 正的產(chǎn)生了

22、。書法家用上乘的紙張，毛筆和墨水逐漸演化成了今天迥異的書法風格，而 這些形式，就一代傳給一代了。每個朝代的書法家都層出不窮，他們的書法和書法風格 都代表了他們生活年代的寫照。生活在東晉的王羲之，是最著名的書法家。他的兒子王 獻之，也是非常有名的書法家。Chinese characters evolved from pictures and signs, and the unique Chinese calligraphy came into being during the development of writing. Using fine paper, brushes and in k,

23、calligraphers have evolved a richly varied tradition of calligraphic styles, which hav e been handed down from generation to generation. Great calligraphers emerged in eve ry dynasty, and their calligraphy and styles became representative of their time. Wang Xizhi, who lived in the Eastern Jin dynas

24、ty, was best known. His son, Wang Xianzh i, was also a famous calligrapher.長城由要塞，城墻和烽火臺組成，它綿延6300公里，穿越了五個省。它是戰(zhàn)國時代， 公元前5世紀由燕國，趙國和秦國建造的，當初的目的是為了抵御北方的游牧民族入侵。 在秦朝，中國第一個皇帝秦始皇在公元前3世紀統(tǒng)一中國之后，他把長城加長并且連接 了一部分長城。接下來的漢朝，唐朝，宋朝，元朝和明朝都繼續(xù)修筑長城。今天的長城， 不論是從規(guī)模，現(xiàn)存狀況還是地理位置來說，都是明朝所建。這樣如此浩大的一項工程， 而且是建立在高山和梯田之上，在那個技術(shù)還很落后的時代

25、使得長城成為了世界建筑史 上的一個真正奇觀。The Great Wall, which is composed of fortresses, walls, terraces and beacon towers, r uns 6,300 km, across five provinces. It was constructed in the Warring States Period of the 5th century B.C by three states-Yan, Zhao, and Qin as a defense against each other and against the n

26、omads further north. After Qin Shi Huang, the First Emperor o f the Qin dynasty, unified China in the 3rd century B.C., sections of the walls were l inked and extended. The subsequent Han, Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties conti nued to strengthen and extend the wall. Todays Great Wall, in size, c

27、ondition and loc ation, is mostly the Ming reconstruction. That such an immense engineering project co uld be accomplished over high mountains and difficult terrain at a time of less advanc ed technology make s the Great Wall truly a wonder of world architectural history.京劇是中國的國粹，已有200年的歷史。京劇的產(chǎn)生要從徽戲

28、說起，京劇在200年的發(fā) 展歷程中融合了多個民族的發(fā)明，成為一種成熟的藝術(shù)。京劇有“文戲”和“武戲”之 分?；镜谋硌菪问接谐?、念、做、打。Peking Opera of China is a national treasure with a history of 200 years. It originated from Anhui opera. In its 200 years of development, Peking opera acquired characteris tics of many different nationalities and finally emerged

29、as a mature art form. Peking Opera can be divided into “civil” pieces characterized by singing, and “martial” ones f eaturing acrobatics and stunts. Peking Opera has chang (singing), nian (dialogue), zuo (acting) and da (martial arts) as its basic performing forms.明朝和清朝見證了小說史的發(fā)展。羅貫中的三國演義，施耐庵的水滸傳，吳承恩

30、的西游 記，曹雪芹的紅樓夢是當時的四大名著。幾個世紀以來，因為他們著作豐富的歷史， 文化內(nèi)涵和獨特的寫作風格而為世人傳頌。The Ming and Qing dynasties saw the development of the novel. The Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong, Outlaws of the Marsh by Shi Naian, Journey to the West by W u Chengen, and A Dream of Red Mansions by Cao Xueqin are the four masterpieces p

31、roduced in this form during this period. They have been celebrated for centuries for their rich historical and cultural content and unique style.在文化方面，積極開展文化體制改革試點工作，公共文化基礎設施建設進一步加強，文 化信息資源共享工程順利實施。對外文化交流日益活躍。體育事業(yè)取得新成績。社會主 義精神文明建設得到加強。In culture, we launched a trial reform in the cultural system, up

32、graded culture-related f acilities for public use, implemented the project to share cultural information, and incr eased cultural exchanges with other countries. Further successes were achieved in the c ountrys athletic endeavors. Greater efforts were made to promote socialist cultural and ideologic

33、al progress.教育與科技高等學校從2000年起連續(xù)擴大招生規(guī)模，高考錄取率從25%提高到49%； 2003年高等 學校在校生2400萬人，是1998年的3.6倍；五年內(nèi)全國本?？飘厴I(yè)生2000萬人，畢 業(yè)研究生40萬人。高校后勤社會化改革取得重要進展，新建和改建學生公寓5200萬平 方米，超過1962年到1999年的建設總規(guī)模。Institutions of higher learning have enrolled more students every year since 2000, and the admission rate for those taking the col

34、lege entrance exams increased from 25% to 49%, In 2003, the student population in institutions of higher learning was 24 millio n, 3.6 times the 1998 figure. In these five years, 20 million junior and regular college students and 400,000 graduate students graduated. Important progress was made in ou

35、 tsourcing college services to independent service providers. A total of 52 million squar e meters of college dormitories were built or remodeled, more than the total built in t he 1962-1999 period.在教育方面，重點加強了義務教育特別是農(nóng)村義務教育。中央和地方財政安排專項資金 70多億元，對592個重點貧困1700萬名貧困家庭學生免除學雜費、免費提供教科書和 補助寄宿生生活費。繼續(xù)實施西部地區(qū)“兩基”

36、攻堅計劃。兩年來，為16萬個農(nóng)村中 小學校和教學點配備了遠程教育設施。職業(yè)教育的到進一步加強。高等教育持續(xù)發(fā)展。 In education, we focused on strengthening compulsory education, especially in rural ar eas. Over 7 billion yuan was allocated by the central and local governments to pay tu ition and miscellaneous fees, provide free textbooks, and subsidize ro

37、om and board for 17 million students from poor families in 592 designated poverty-stricken counties. W e continued to implement the plan to make nine-year compulsory education basically u niversal and to basically eliminate illiteracy among young and middle-aged adults in th e western region. We pro

38、vided distance learning equipment for 160,000 rural primary and secondary schools and learning centers over the past two years. Vocational educati on was further improved, and higher education continued to develop.在科技方面，加強了國家創(chuàng)新體系、基礎研究和基礎設施建設。集成電路芯片設計開發(fā)、 第三代移動通信、高性能復合材料、高檔數(shù)控機床研制等重大科技專項取得重要進展。In scien

39、ce and technology, we improved the national innovation system and strengthen ed basic research and infrastructure development. Important progress was made in majo r R&D projects, including those to design and develop advanced integrated circuit chip s, third-generation mobile communications, high-pe

40、rformance composite materials, and h igh-grade, digitally controlled machine tools.社會事業(yè)取得新進步?？萍?、教育、文化、衛(wèi)生、體育等事業(yè)全面發(fā)展。神州六號載人 航天飛行圓滿成功，標志著我國在一些重要科技領域達到世界先進水平。Continued progress was made in social programs. Science and technology, education, c ulture, health, sports and other undertakings developed in an

41、 all-round way. The succes s of the Shenzhou VI manned space flight shows that China has reached world-class l evels in some key areas of science and technology.人口與環(huán)境中國是世界上人口最多的發(fā)展中國家。當1949年新中國成立之時，中國的人口是五億 四千一百六十七萬。根據(jù)2000年的人口普查，這一數(shù)字已達到了十億兩千九百五十萬。 作為一個領土廣大的國家，中國擁有世界上最豐富的資源。然而，由于人口基數(shù)大，人 均耕地面積，森林，淡水，主要

42、能源和礦物資源遠遠低于世界平均水平。例如，中國僅 僅用世界上7%的耕地卻養(yǎng)活了世界上22%的人口。China is a developing country with the largest population in the world. In 1949 when the Peoples Republic was founded, it had a population of 541.67 million. According to the 2000 census, the population had reached 1.295 billion. As a country with a v

43、ast territory, China has the worlds largest supply of many resources. However, due to the large population, the per capita quantity of cultivated land, forest, fresh water, mai n energy resources and mineral resources is much smaller than the world average. For instance, China has only 7% of the tot

44、al cultivated area of the world but 22% of the worlds total population.如果不能嚴格控制人口數(shù)量，人口過多和資源不足的矛盾將進一步加劇，進而影響國家 現(xiàn)代化建設的進程。由于中國大量的人口已經(jīng)成為阻礙經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展的主要因素，能 否合理的解決人口問題與提高人民的生活質(zhì)量和水平，與國家的繁榮發(fā)展有著直接的關(guān) 系。Without strict population control, the conflict between a large population and insufficie nt natural resources

45、 will intensify and the countrys modernization efforts will be unde rmined. As the countrys large population has become a primary factor hampering its economic and social development, whether the population problem can be properly sol ved has a direct bearing on the improvement of the peoples living

46、 standard as well a s the prosperity and the quality of the Chinese nation.為實現(xiàn)中國現(xiàn)代化建設的戰(zhàn)略目標，中國政府在二十世紀七十年代提出了 “控制人口數(shù) 量，提高人口素質(zhì)的”的人口政策和“晚婚晚育，少生優(yōu)生”的計劃生育政策。In keeping with the strategic goal of Chinas modernization campaign, the Chinese gov ernment formulated, in the 1970s, a population policy of “control

47、ling the size and raisi ng the quality of the population” and a family planning policy of “l(fā)ate marriage and childbirth and having fewer but healthier babies”.我們在解決環(huán)境問題時，必須同時考慮到各個國家的直接利益和全世界的長期利益?，F(xiàn) 在，當我們關(guān)注到全球氣候變化和生物多樣性問題時，我們應該著重解決發(fā)展中國家的 一些環(huán)境破壞以及生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化的問題，例如，土壤侵蝕，沙漠化，植被減少，干旱以 及洪水。如果能解決這些問題，對世界環(huán)境保護和經(jīng)濟

48、增長都意義重大。When we tackle environment problems, consideration should be given to both the imm ediate interests of various countries and the long-term interests of the whole world. At present, while paying attention to such global questions as climate change and biodiv ersity, we should give priority to addressing the problems of environmental pollution a nd degradation of ecological environment in developing countries such as soil erosion, desertification, diminished vegetation, droughts and floods. Solution to these problems will not only remove a serious threat to the environme