人工智能技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)實驗報告PROLOG語言編程練習(xí)

1、人工智能技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)實驗報告指導(dǎo)老師：朱力任課教師：張勇實驗一PROLOG語言編程練習(xí)一、實驗?zāi)康募訌?qiáng)學(xué)生對邏輯程序運行機(jī)能的理解，使學(xué)生掌握PROLOG語 言的特點、熟悉其編程環(huán)境，同時為后面的人工智能程序設(shè)計做好準(zhǔn) 備。二、實驗環(huán)境在Turbo PROLOG或Visual Prolog集成環(huán)境下調(diào)試運行簡單的 PROLOG 程序，三、實驗內(nèi)容運行給定的五個程序，驗證程序，得到結(jié)果，理解邏輯程序的特 點，熟悉程序的編輯、編譯和調(diào)試過程四、實驗步驟1、打開Turbo prolog2.0文件，啟動prolog.exe應(yīng)用程序，并按空格 鍵(SPACE)進(jìn)入集成開發(fā)環(huán)境。2、選擇Setup項，打開下拉

2、菜單，選擇Directories項，進(jìn)行工作目 錄修改，按Esc鍵退出，選擇Save Configuration項，保存修改。3、在相應(yīng)的路徑所在文件件夾中會生成work.Pro文件將其用文本打 開，將要運行的程序?qū)懭耄４妗?、選擇Files項，選擇Load項，選擇要打開的示例程序5、編輯之后，可以選擇Run項，執(zhí)行程序，可以在Dialog窗口進(jìn)行 詢問，即外部目標(biāo)的執(zhí)行，查看程序運行結(jié)果，分析程序之功能。6、仿前例，可以選擇其他程序并運行，分析程序功能。7、退出，選擇Quit項，可以退出Turbo Prolog程序。五、實驗源程序驗證題1：domainsd=integerpredicate

3、snot_(D,D)and_(D,D,D)or_(D,D,D)xor(D,D,D)clausesnot_(1,0).not_(0,1).and_(0,0,0).and_(0,1,0).and_(1,0,0).and_(1,1,1).or_(0,0,0).or_(0,1,1).or_(1,0,1).or_(1,1,1).xor(Input1,Input2,Output):-not_(Input1,N1),/* (1, 0) */not_(Input2,N2),/* (0, 1) */and_(Input1,N2,N3),and_(Input2,N1,N4),or_(N3,N4,Output).驗

4、證題2：predicatesstudent(integer,string,real)gradegoalgrade.clausesstudent(1,zhang,90.2).student(2,li,95.5).student(3,wang,96.4).grade:-write(Please input name:),readln(Name),student(_,Name,Score),nl,write(Name,grade is,Score).grade:-write(Sorry,the student cannot find!).驗證題3：domainsn,f=integer predica

5、tesfactorial(n,f)goalreadint(I),factorial(I,F),write(I,!=,F).clausesfactorial(1,1).factorial(N,Res):-N0,N1=N-1,factorial(N1,FacN1),Res=N*FacN1.驗證題4：domainss=symbolpredicatesp(s) p1(s) p2(s) p3(s) p4(s) p5(s,s) p11(s) p12(s) p31(s)goalp(X),write(the x is ,X).clausesp(a1):-p1(b),p2(c).p(a2):-p1(b),p3(

6、d),p4(e).p(a3):-p1(b),p5(f,g).p1(b):-p11(b1),p12(b2).p3(d):-p31(d1).p2(c1).p4(e1).p5(f,g).p11(b1).p12(b2).p31(d11).驗證題5：domainsname=symbolage =integerpredicatesplayer(name,age)match(name,name)cluases player(peter, 9).player(paul, 10).player(chris, 9).player(susan, 9).六、實驗結(jié)果驗證一：計算數(shù)的非，與，或，異或，驗證邏輯關(guān)系，非，

7、與，或，異或的正確性H Line 1 Gol 2E:SRGZNSWORK.FKO Indent Inserg E:rgznTUIiBO_l. 0TURBOP1. OVPROLOG. EXEEditCompileOpt ions! etupI= Dialog =Goal： not_ X=1 1 Solut ion Goal： and_(0,0,K) X=01 SolutionGoal： or_(0,0,X X=01 Solut ionGoal： xor(0,0,X X=01 Solution Goal：Shift-FlB-nesise F10-EndF2-Save F3Load F5-Zoom

8、F6Next F8-Freuiousdomainsd=integer predicatesnot_(D,D and_(D,D,D or_D,D,D) xor clausesnot_. not_(0,l. and_. and_(0,l,0). and_.or_00. Messagenot_ and_ o*_ xoru-*/ iir*/圖1.1驗證二：查找某個人的成績?nèi)?E:rgmnJRBOl.叭TUEBOP”iPROLOG.EXE FilesLine 1Crd 3Editpredicatesstudent(integer,string,real) gradeBunXWORK.PRO Indent

9、 Insei1CompileOptionsSetupglt DialogVes Goal：?lease input nane：hangclousesgrade.studentd, z han sf, 99.2 .studentta/li-S.S).student3/wang,96.4).grade:-writePlease input nane:),readlnHanfi studentreadint, write.lausesactorial.factariaKH, Res) ；-NWfactorialNl,FacNl),Res=N*FacHl.OptionsSetupnDialog =2N

10、233?=644! =245?=12Sfit=72E 7 ?=50402-Save驗證四：走迷宮找出口K E:rgnTUEBQ_，l. 0TUEBOP1. DPROLOG.EXELineCol 1ditCompilenserdomainss=synbolFfidicatesp pi p2 p3 p4 p5 pii pigoalclausesp(X,wpite(Mtie x is 七Xp(a2) p(a3) pl y3(d) p2/ p4. p5.pl2. p31.-pl,p2.-pl(b),p3(d,p4(e.-pl(b),p5(f,g).-pll,pl2.-p31(dl).OptionsSe

11、tupDialog =the x is a3the x is aSPress the SPACE bar2_SaueF3-Load FG-Switch F9-Comuilefilt-X-Exit驗證五在外部Goal: match(X,Y)條件下，分別采用以上各match謂詞，觀察對應(yīng)的執(zhí)行結(jié)果。1、match(X,Y):- player(X,9), player(Y9), XY.2、match(X,Y):- !, player(X,9), player(Y9), XY.!, playerCX,?), playei-,9), XOV.layertpeter, 9). layerpaul, 10)

12、. layeFchris, 9). 9).IMessage Load E:RGZNW0RK.PR0Compiling E:RGZNW0RK.PR0 flayer latchE:rgznTURBO_l. OXTUEBOPl. DPKOLOG.EXEX=peter, X=chris, 苦=chids,6 Solutions aoal:Opt ?.:ri!Somainslausesnane=si;nbGlasfe integer medicatespla 哭 Mname, age)Dialag =susanY=peterV=susanYrpeter=chris6 SolutionsG&al： mat

13、chtX,V) K=peter, X=peter, M=chris, X=chi*is, K=susan, =8118*0,=chris V=iian =peter V=susanY=peter =chris2-Saue F3-Load F5-Zooni F6-Next F3-Previous uoal Shift-F13-Hesise F13-End圖5.23、match(X,Y):-player(X,9), !, player(Y9), XY.皿 E:rgjmTUMO_l. 0TUKBOP1. OWRQLOG.EZEU|ilesdit muileptionsSetup：Dialog =ll

14、donainsX=susan, =chrisname=synbol6 Solutionsage =integerGoal； natcliX,)predicatesX=peterJ. =chriKplaernamerase )K=petep, =usanniatch name r name)X=chri, =peterclausesK=chriE, =usanX=susan, =peterplayertpeter, 9).ii =susan, =chrisplayertpaul, 10).6 SolutionsplayerCchris, 9).Goal； matchX,)plaj/er(susa

15、n, 9).X=peter, =chris;=peter, =susanmatch：- playerX,9), !, player,9), X.2 SolutionsGoal：MessageLoad E:RGZNWORK.PRCCompiling EtRGZNWORK.PROplayermatchF2-Saue F3-Lnad F5-Zoom F6-Next FB-Preuiousgoal Shift-F10-Resize F10-End |4、match(X,Y):-player(X,9), player(Y9), !, XY.g E:rgznTnRBO_LOXTHRBOPl.叭PROLOG

16、- EXE ilesditnmpilc)t ionsetup;Dialog domainsCoal： natch(Xrname=synholX=peter, V=chrisage =intejfeFX=peter, y=susanpredicatesX=chpisr =petepplayertname,age )X=chris, =susann)atchnameK=susan V=peterclausesX=susan, VchrisSolutionsplayertpEter, 9).ioal： matchlayertpaul, 19.X=peter, V=chrisplayeFchFi, 9

17、).X=peterr V=usan playertsusan, 9).2 SolutionsGoal： natchmatch：- playepf pla說h X,Ha Soluti(mGoal：.I Message；oad E:EGZNWOflK.PROCompiling E:RGZNWORK.PflOplayeratch?2-Save F3-Load Fb-Zcon F6-Next F8-Previous goal Shift-Flfi-RssiHe Fl-End圖5.45、match(X,Y):- player(X,9), player(Y9), XY,試 E:rznTURBO_l. |s

18、TUEBOPl. ihPR0L0G.EXE,EditLine 1Ml 1cinuiledomainsname=symbnlage = integer predicatesplayer mat ch. i.)layerCchris, 9. playerCsusan, $.match：- pl叫pl祜eMYJ)，XOV, 6 Solutions Goal： matchX=peter, =clirisX=peter, V=5iisan 2 Solutions matchtX,V)No Solution.cal： match(X,y)H=peter, =chris 1 Solut ion Goal： M e s w & g e -Load E：XRGZNXMOK.FROCompiling E:BGZNWORK.PflO player natchii?2-Saue F3-Lnad FS-Eoom F6-N