2014年中考英語(yǔ)易混詞組

1、 2014年中考英語(yǔ)易混詞組、短語(yǔ)辨析 1 a bit/ a little 這兩個(gè)詞都意為“一點(diǎn)兒”有時(shí)可以互換，但有時(shí)不能。 二者作程度副詞修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或比較級(jí)時(shí)，意義相同，為“一點(diǎn)兒” “有些”。如： I am a bit / a little hungry. 我有點(diǎn)餓。 He walked a bit / a little slowly. 他走路有點(diǎn)慢。 二者都可以作名詞詞組，充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。如： A little / bit is enough for me. 我有一點(diǎn)兒就夠了。 I know only a little / a bit about her. 我對(duì)她的情況只了

2、解一點(diǎn)。 .a little可直接修飾名詞；a bit后須加of才可以。如： . There is a little water in the bottle. = There is a bit of water in the bottle. 注意 a little of 后的名詞通常特指，表“中的一些”，如： May I have a little of your tea? . 否定形式 not a little 作狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于very/ quite, “很”， “非?！保蛔鞫ㄕZ(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，相當(dāng)于much, 意為 “許多”。而not a bit 作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，相當(dāng)于not at all, 意為“一點(diǎn)

3、也不”，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)則相當(dāng)于not much. Eg: He is not a little (=very) hungry. 他餓極了。 He is not a bit (=not at all) hungry.他一點(diǎn)也不餓。 She ate not a little (=much). 她吃得很多。 . Not a bit 中的not 可以分開使用；not a little中的not 則不能分開。Eg: He felt not a bit tired. = He didnt feel a bit tired. 他覺得一點(diǎn)也不累。 He felt not a little tired. 他覺得非常累

4、。但不能說(shuō)：He didnt fell a little tired. 2 a few/ few/ a little/ little . a few和few修飾可數(shù)名詞，a little和little修飾不可數(shù)名詞；a few和a little表示肯定意義，few和little表示否定意義，可受only修飾。如： Few people will agree to the plan because its too dangerous. This text is easy to understand though there are a few new words in it. There is

5、little water left in glass. Will you please give me some Dont worry, we have a little time left. 3 agree with/ agree on/ agree to (1)agree with(sb.)表示“與意見一致”。 I dont agree with you. 我不同意你的意見。 agree to(sth.)賓語(yǔ)一般為suggestion、plan等,“同意計(jì)劃、安排”。 We all agreed to your plan. 我們同意你的計(jì)劃。 agree on 表示“雙方就.達(dá)成一致協(xié)議”

6、。 China and the U.S.A. agreed on the place and time for the next meeting. 中美雙方就下次會(huì)議的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)問(wèn)題達(dá)成了協(xié)議。 4 at times / at all times / all the time . at times “不時(shí)；偶爾”如： The tide is , at times, very high. 潮水有時(shí)漲得高。 I make mistakes at times when I speak English. 我說(shuō)英語(yǔ)偶爾會(huì)出錯(cuò)。 . at all times.“隨時(shí)；任何時(shí)候；總是” 如： He has

7、a cool head at all times. 他隨時(shí)都有清醒的頭腦。 . all the time “一直；始終” 其中time用單數(shù)形式。如： The baby cries all the time. 那嬰兒一直哭。 5 another/ the other/ other/ others/ the others . another 指不定數(shù)目中的“另一個(gè)、又一個(gè)” （三個(gè)以上）用來(lái)代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞。如：I dont think the coat is good enough. Can you show me another? . other 泛指“另外的”修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如： We s

8、tudy Chinese, maths, English and other subjects. . others 泛指“另外的人或物”， 但不指其余的人或物的全部。如：Some like swimming, others like boating. . the other 指兩個(gè)中的“另一個(gè)”如： He has two sons, one is in Shanghai, the other is in Beijing. . the others 特指某一范圍內(nèi)的“其余全部的人或物”如： There are thirty books on the bookshelf. Five are min

9、e, the others are my fathers. 6 at last/ finally/ in the end . at last “最后”表經(jīng)過(guò)一定曲折之后某事才發(fā)生，強(qiáng)調(diào)努力的結(jié)果，帶有較強(qiáng)的感情色彩。須用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如： Did the man in the shop understand him at last? . finally 表動(dòng)作的發(fā)生順序是在“最后”， 無(wú)感情色彩，只用于過(guò)去時(shí)。它居句首時(shí)較多。 Finally he went to see the famous man himself. . in the end 表事物發(fā)展的自然順序的“終結(jié)”，有時(shí)可與final

10、ly相互替換。但用于將來(lái)的預(yù)測(cè)時(shí)，則只能用in the end 如： I hope that everything will turn out all right in the end. 7 at school/ in school/ in a (the) school . at school表示“在學(xué)校、在上學(xué)”相對(duì)于在家里或在校外。如： My son is at school now. He is not at home or somewhere else.我兒子現(xiàn)在在學(xué)校,他不在家,也不在別的地方。 When my brother was at school, he studied ve

11、ry hard. 在學(xué)校時(shí)，我兄弟學(xué)習(xí)很用功。 . in school “在求學(xué)、在上學(xué)”相對(duì)于有工作。如： My daughter still in school She doesnt work.。 我女兒還在上學(xué)，她不在工作。 注：和用at school 強(qiáng)調(diào)所在場(chǎng)所或時(shí)間。中的in school 則強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)的身份是學(xué)生。因此，in school. 和 at school的著重點(diǎn)不一樣，通常不互換使用。 . In a / the school “在學(xué)校”，不一定指上學(xué)。類似的還有： in hospital “生病住院” in a / the hospital表“在醫(yī)院”（工作或探視病人等）

12、 at table “在吃飯” at a / the table “在桌邊”(有可能在聊天或看報(bào)） Is your friend in school? 你的朋友在上學(xué)嗎？ Your friend looked for you in the school just now. 剛才你的朋友在學(xué)校里找你。 Children are often in hospital when they are young. 孩子們小的時(shí)候經(jīng)常生病住院。 She is a good doctor in the hospital .她是醫(yī)院里的一名好大夫。 8 at the top of/ on the top of

13、. at the top of “在頂點(diǎn)上、在上”。At 表示點(diǎn)，在句子中用作狀語(yǔ)，反義短語(yǔ)常為 at the bottom of “在底部”； on (the) top of 中的on 表示部位上的接觸，意思是“在之上、在上面”。反義短語(yǔ)常為at the foot of “在腳底下”。如： He shouted at the top of his voice. 他高聲地叫喊。 He is at the top of the class.他居全班之首位。 Will you please put this box on (the) top of the books.請(qǐng)你這個(gè)盒子放在那些書的上面好

14、嗎？ 9 at the end of ,by the end of ,to the end ,in the end at the end of 可表示時(shí)間，也可表示地點(diǎn)，指“在末（底）”、“在末端（盡頭）”； by the end of 僅表示時(shí)間，指“在前”、“到為止”；at the end of指過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)時(shí)間上的一個(gè)點(diǎn)，往往與一個(gè)行為動(dòng)作相關(guān)，常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)連用；by the end of 不指一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，而是指某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)以前或到某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)為止，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是狀態(tài)或結(jié)果，而不是行為，常與完成時(shí)連用。如：We had a class meeting at the end of las

15、t week.上周末我們開了一個(gè)班會(huì)。/By the end of this term we has learned sixteen units.到這個(gè)學(xué)期為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了16個(gè)單元. to the end常與運(yùn)動(dòng)性或持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，表示“到（某一）終點(diǎn)為止”，指地點(diǎn)，也可指時(shí)間。如:We should go on with the work to the end.我們應(yīng)把工作進(jìn)行到底。Follow this road to the end and you will see a post office.走到這條路的盡頭，你會(huì)看到一家郵局。 in the end后不接任何單詞，表示“最后、終于

16、“，相當(dāng)于at last ,finally.如：They won the game in the end.我們最終贏得了比賽。 10 by the way/ on the way/ in the way (1)by the way 常用作狀語(yǔ)，意為“順便問(wèn)一下”,“順便說(shuō)一下”。 (2)on the way “在的路上”，后接名詞時(shí)需加介詞to, 后接副詞home、here、there時(shí)不加to。 (3)in the way “擋路、妨礙”。 例:Your car is in the way.你的小汽車擋路了。 He bought a pen on his/ the way to school

17、.他在上學(xué)的路上買了一枝鋼筆。 By the way, how old are you?順便問(wèn)一下，你多大了？ 11 be afraid of sb or sth/ be afraid of doing sth/ be afraid to do sth/ be afraid +that clause . be afraid of sb or sth. “害怕某人或某事”如 The man is afraid of nothing.這個(gè)人什么都不怕。 Jenny is afraid of her father, for he is very strict with her. 詹妮害怕她父親，因?yàn)?/p>

18、他對(duì)她要求很嚴(yán)格。 . be afraid of doing sth. “害怕、擔(dān)心某事（自己也無(wú)法左右的突發(fā)事情）發(fā)生”如： I am afraid of falling into the swimming pool.我擔(dān)心掉進(jìn)游泳池里去。 . be afraid to do sth. “害怕、不敢做某事”如： The bat was afraid to leave his home. 蝙蝠不敢離開家。 I am afraid to go out at night. 我害怕晚上出去。 . be afraid +that clause. “恐怕”表帶歉意的回絕或告知不好的消息。that 常省去

19、。如： I am afraid (that) I cant do that today. 恐怕今天我不能做那件事。 . 在日常用語(yǔ)中，I am afraid 常表示歉意或客氣，沒有恐懼之意。往往相當(dāng)于I am sorry , 引出不愿發(fā)生、可能使對(duì)方失望的情況。如： I am afraid I dont agree with you. 恐怕我不會(huì)同意你的意見。 I am afraid (that) you are wrong. 恐怕你錯(cuò)了。 . 口語(yǔ)中，在 I am afraid 之后用so / not,可省去上文提到的內(nèi)容。如： -Has he gone to Guangzhou? 他去廣州

20、了嗎？ -Im afraid so. -Are we on time? 我們遲到了嗎？ -Im afraid not. 可能沒遲到。 12 be angry/ get angry . be / get angry “生某人的氣”后面的介詞要用with; “因某事而生氣”后面的介詞要用about / at; be / get angry 后接不定式，這時(shí)不定式動(dòng)詞大多為 see 和hear 其不定式同樣表生氣的原因。 如： Miss Liu was / got angry with Li Ping because he was late for school today. 劉老師生李平的氣是因?yàn)?/p>

21、他今天遲到了。 She was / got angry with my behaviour. 她對(duì)我的行為感到生氣。 What are you angry about ? 你生什么氣？ My father was angry at what I said. 我爸對(duì)我說(shuō)的很生氣。 . get angry 強(qiáng)調(diào)變化，強(qiáng)調(diào)由不生氣變?yōu)樯鷼膺@一過(guò)程；be angry 強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)，表明正在生氣這一狀態(tài)。 His mother got angry with him when he told her what he had done at school.當(dāng)他告訴他母親，他在校的行為時(shí)，她生氣了。 聯(lián)想：類似的

22、有： be / become interested in. “對(duì)有興趣” be / get married. “結(jié)婚” have / catch a cold “感冒” be / fall ill “生病” be / fall asleep “入睡、睡著” 13 be anger with/ be angry about/ be angry at(1)be angry with 后只能跟表“人”的名詞或代詞，意思是“生某人的氣”， 其后常跟一個(gè)表原因的介詞for。 The teacher was angry with me for my coming late.老師因?yàn)槲襾?lái)晚生氣了。 (2)b

23、e angry at = be angry about意思是“因某事而憤怒”。 at或about后只能接表“事物”的名詞。如： He is angry with/ about small things.他常為一些小事生氣。 He was angry about/ at missing the film.他為錯(cuò)過(guò)那場(chǎng)電影而生氣。 14 be familiar to, be familiar withbe familiar to 某物對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是熟悉的，be familiar with 某人熟悉某物 The book is familiar to me. Im familiar with the

24、book. 15 be good at/ do well in. be good at / in 意思接近于 do well in. “在（某方面）出色；擅長(zhǎng)”。be good at / in 強(qiáng)調(diào)一種籠統(tǒng)情況，而do well in 可表示一種情況，也可指在具體的一次活動(dòng)中表現(xiàn)出色。 be good at 的反義詞組為：be poor (weak) at (in). do well in 的反義詞組為：do badly in. 如： Mary is good at / in maths. = Mary does well in maths. 瑪麗數(shù)學(xué)很好（指情況）。= 瑪麗數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)得很好。 T

25、om did well in (不宜用be good at.指具體一次)that English test / sports meeting.湯姆在那次英語(yǔ)考試中（運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)中）考得很好（表現(xiàn)出色）。 Wu Dong does badly in his lessons. = Wu Dong is weak / poor / at / in his lessons.吳冬功課不好。（指情況） Mei Ying did badly in the high jump 梅英在跳高比賽中成績(jī)不好。（具體一次，不宜替換。） Mei Ying is weak / poor in / at high jump.梅英

26、不善于跳高。（指籠統(tǒng)情況） . do well 和do badly可單獨(dú)使用，表一種情況；而be good / weak / poor 一定要借助于介詞in 或at, 強(qiáng)調(diào)在某一個(gè)方面，才能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思。如： He does well / badly at school. 他在學(xué)校里功課很好/很差。 16 be made of ,be made from ,be made into ,be made in be made of表示某一物品被制成以后可以看出原料. be made from表示制成品中看不出原材料，兩者在口語(yǔ)中可以用be made out of替換。 be made int

27、o意為“被制成”，其主動(dòng)形式為makeinto（把制成）。如：We can make glass into bottles./Glass can be made into bottles.玻璃可制成瓶子。 be made in后接地點(diǎn)，表示是有某地制造（出品）的。 17 be pleased with/ at/ to. be pleased with “對(duì)人/物，感到滿意”介詞with后接人或物。 如： Both Mark and her mother were pleased with the girl. 馬克和他媽媽都有喜歡這個(gè)女孩。 I wasnt very pleased with /

28、 at my exam results. 我對(duì)自己的考試成績(jī)不太滿意。 . be pleased at “對(duì)某事/物，感到滿意”。介詞at 常與事物搭配使用。 He was very pleased at the news.他對(duì)這個(gè)消息感到很滿意。 . be pleased to “樂意； 因而高興”。to 不是介詞，而是小品詞。后接動(dòng)詞原形。如： I shall be pleased to go. 我將樂意去。 We are quite pleased to be working in this country. 能在這個(gè)國(guó)家工作，我們是十分高興的。 18 be sure/ make sur

29、e. be sure 指某人對(duì)某事或?qū)δ撤N情況有把握，常譯為：“確信”；make sure 指“務(wù)必、務(wù)請(qǐng)、確?！睂⒛呈屡宄Ｈ纾?I am sure that he is honest. 我相信他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。 I have made sure that he is honest. 我已了解清楚他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。 . 二者后面均可接of 或about 引出的短語(yǔ)。如： I am sure of success = I am sure that I will succeed. 我深信會(huì)成功。 Will you make sure of his return? = Will you make sure

30、that he returned? 請(qǐng)你查明他是否真的回來(lái)了。好嗎？ . make sure 后面的that 從句一般不用或很少用將來(lái)時(shí)； be sure 后面的that從句則可用將來(lái)時(shí)。如： Make sure that you come here before five. 你一定要在5點(diǎn)前來(lái)。 I am sure that he will come. 我相信他一定會(huì)來(lái)的。 . 兩者后面接不定式，均表示“一定要做某事”，但make sure 通常只用于祈使句；而be sure 則不受限制。如： Be sure akeMto come to party on time. 一定要準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)參加晚會(huì)。

31、 He is sure to call you up. 他準(zhǔn)會(huì)給你打電話的。 19 be surprised/ in surprise. be surprised 為“動(dòng)詞+形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作謂語(yǔ)，意為：“感到吃驚”. be surprised at 表“對(duì)感到吃驚” . in surprise為“介詞+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。在句中作狀語(yǔ)。意為：“吃驚地”。如： She was surprised. 她感到吃驚。 Everybody was surprised at you. 大家都對(duì)你感到吃驚。 John turned round and looked at him in surprise. 約翰

32、轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身去，吃驚地看著他。 20 be used for/ be used as/ be used by (1)be used for 在這個(gè)短語(yǔ)中，介詞for表用途，即“用來(lái)作”。 A pen is used for writing.筆是用來(lái)書寫的。 (2)be used as 在這個(gè)短語(yǔ)中，介詞as表身份或工具，即“被用作”。 English is used as a useful tool in our country. 在我國(guó)英語(yǔ)被作為一個(gè)有用的工具來(lái)使用。 (3)be used by 短語(yǔ)中，介詞by后接使用的執(zhí)行者，“為所使用”之意。 English is used by trave

33、lers and business people all over the world. 英語(yǔ)被世界上旅游者和商人所使用。 21before long/ long before. before long. 不久，不久以后. long before 很早以前，好久以前如： I hope to see you again before long. 我希望不久以后再見到你。 We finished our work long before. 我們?cè)缇桶压ぷ髯鐾炅?2catch a cold/ have a cold一般情況下，這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)都表示得了感冒，患了感冒但有所側(cè)重：(1)catch a col

34、d 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。如：Its cold outside. Go into the house or youll catch a cold.外面冷。到房間里去吧，不然你會(huì)感冒的。(2)have a cold 強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。I have had a cold for several days and I cant get rid of it.我感冒已經(jīng)好幾天了，可還是好不了。23for short/ short for(1)for short 意為縮寫、簡(jiǎn)稱、簡(jiǎn)言之，多作狀語(yǔ)。The teacher told us to write the text for short.老師讓我們縮寫課文。(2)shor

35、t for 是的縮寫，一般作表語(yǔ)。如：Youd is short for You would or You had.Youd是You would或You had的縮寫形式。24forget to do / forget doing. forget 如： I forgot to tell him about it.我忘了把事告訴他。 I forgot telling him about it. 我忘了，我曾把這事告訴過(guò)他。注意：類似的還有： try 如：1 Lets try knocking at the back door.讓我們敲敲后門試試看。2 We will try to go home

36、 tomorrow. 明天我們爭(zhēng)取回家。 rememberregret doing sth/to do sth 與此亦同。 go on needwant doing sth / to do sth. 與此相同。25give a message/ leave a message / take a message. Leave a message.留下個(gè)信兒打電話的人常用。后與介詞for 搭配。構(gòu)成 leave a message for sb. take a message 捎個(gè)信兒接電話的人常用.后與介詞for 搭配。構(gòu)成：take a message for sb. give a messa

37、ge 給某人個(gè)信兒后與to 搭配，構(gòu)成：give a message to sb. = give sb a message.如： Can I take a message for him? 我能給他捎個(gè)信嗎？ Can you leave a message for her? 你能給她留個(gè)口信嗎？ I will give a message to her. 我將給她個(gè)信兒。26 go to bed/ go to sleep/ fall asleep/ be asleep (1)go to bed 表動(dòng)作，指“去睡覺”。 (2)go to sleep也表動(dòng)作，指進(jìn)入“睡著”狀態(tài)。 (3)fall

38、asleep表動(dòng)作，意為“剛剛?cè)胨?，指“剛睡著”這動(dòng)作。 (4)be asleep表狀態(tài)，意為“睡著的”。例如： He fell asleep when there was a loud knock at the door. 他剛睡著，這時(shí)有人大聲敲門。 The baby has been asleep for an hour.這孩子睡著一個(gè)小時(shí)了。 He found it difficult to go to sleep.他發(fā)現(xiàn)很難入睡。 27 how often/how soon/how long/how far這幾組詞都是用來(lái)提問(wèn)時(shí)間或長(zhǎng)度的但用法不同。 how long意為“多長(zhǎng)/久

39、時(shí)間”，是對(duì)句子“for”,“since”, “fromto”等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)的提問(wèn)，可用于過(guò)去時(shí)，將來(lái)時(shí)或完成時(shí)。如： -How long will he be away?他要離開多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？ -He will be away for two days.兩天時(shí)間。 -How long have you been a teacher?你當(dāng)老師多久了？ -For about ten years.大約10年了。 注意：how long引導(dǎo)的句子動(dòng)詞一般為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 how soon意為某事多快能發(fā)生或完成,常對(duì)句子中的in時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。如： -How soon will the build

40、ing be finished?大樓過(guò)多久才能完工？ -In a month.一個(gè)月吧。 how often意為多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間一次,每隔多久,是對(duì)句中的often, usually, every day, sometimes, never, once a week等表示頻率的副詞提問(wèn), 多用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如： -How often do you go to see a film? -Once a week.-你多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間看1次電影？-1周1次。 how far 是對(duì)距離的提問(wèn)，意為“長(zhǎng)達(dá)千米/米”等。如： -How far is it from here to the park? -It is two

41、 kilometers.-從這里到公園有多遠(yuǎn)？?jī)汕走h(yuǎn)。 28 hear/ hear of/ hear from (1)hear 為及物動(dòng)詞，“聽到”，表結(jié)果。 I can hear you clearly.我能清楚聽到你說(shuō)的話。 (2)hear of = hear about 為不及物動(dòng)詞,指某人間接地“聽別人說(shuō)起”，如： I have heard of the writer but I have never seen him. 我聽人們說(shuō)起這位作家，但沒見過(guò)他。 (3)hear from 一般后接 sb. 指“收到來(lái)信”。如： Have you heard from Jim?你收到吉姆的來(lái)

42、信了嗎？ 29 hear sb. doing sth./ hear sb. do sth.（1）hear sb. doing sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)中為-ing作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，指動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行當(dāng)中。如： I hear him talking next door.我聽到他正在隔壁房間講話。 (2) hear sb. do sth.這里do sth.為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，指動(dòng)作已發(fā)生，完成了， 意思是“聽到某人做了某事”，動(dòng)作不再呈現(xiàn)，只能靠想象或回憶來(lái)敘述發(fā) 生的事情。如： I heard her sing the song yesterday.昨天我聽見她唱這首歌。 (3)大多數(shù)的感官動(dòng)作（如see、watch、n

43、otice等）都可以用于這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)，但意義是不相同的。要注意加以區(qū)別。 30 in all/ at all/ of all/ after all這些含有all 的短語(yǔ)的意義與all 的本意無(wú)關(guān)，極易混淆。 (1)in all“總計(jì)、總共”，在句中作狀語(yǔ) There are 60 students in our class in all.我們班共有60個(gè)學(xué)生。 (2)at all“全然，根本不”，一般用于否定句中加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。 She doesnt like football at all.她一點(diǎn)也不喜歡足球。 (3)after all “畢竟、終究、到底”，一般置于句首或句尾作狀語(yǔ)。 After

44、all, he is a child.畢竟,他還是個(gè)孩子。 They finished the work after all.他們最終完成了工作。 31 in the future/in future這兩個(gè)詞組都有“在將來(lái)”的意思，但含義上有區(qū)別。 .in furture多指從現(xiàn)在開始近期的將來(lái)，在時(shí)間上包括現(xiàn)在。如： You must be more careful in furture. 你今后必須更加小心。 He promised to give me more help in furture. 他答應(yīng)今后給我更多的幫助。 .in the furture多指較遙遠(yuǎn)的將來(lái)的某一時(shí)間，在時(shí)間

45、概念上一般不包括現(xiàn)在。如： Who can tell what will happen in the furture? 誰(shuí)能說(shuō)準(zhǔn)將來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生什么？ In the furture travel agencies may be organizing trips to the moon. 將來(lái)，旅行社可能會(huì)組織去月球的旅行。 注 in the furture 的 furture 前加形容詞時(shí)，不要去掉 the 。如in the near/far /distant furture。 32 join /join in / take part in. join 可用來(lái)表示加入某個(gè)政黨、團(tuán)體、組織等， 指成為

46、其中的成員。如： My uncle joined the Party in 1989. We are going for a swim .Will you come and join us. 我們要去游泳，你和我們一起去好嗎？ . join in 表“加入、參與”某種活動(dòng)，后接名詞或動(dòng)詞的ing 形式，表“參加某人的活動(dòng)”可以說(shuō)：join sb. in (doing) sth. 如： He joined them in the work.他同他們一起工作。 Will you join us in playing basketball? 你跟我們一起打籃球好嗎？ . take part in 指

47、“參加”會(huì)議、考試、競(jìng)賽或群眾性活動(dòng)，重在說(shuō)明句子主語(yǔ)參加該項(xiàng)活動(dòng)并在其中發(fā)揮作用。如： The teacher took part in our discussion yesterday. 昨天老師參加了我們的討論。 When will you take part in the meeting? 你將在什么時(shí)候參加會(huì)議？ 注意：join in 后面可以不跟賓語(yǔ)。而take part in 后面必須跟賓語(yǔ)。如： Let me join in. 讓我參加吧。 33 keep doing sth./ keep sb. doing sth.在這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，keep后有無(wú)sb. 意義是不相同的。 (1

48、) keep doing sth. 意為“不斷/反復(fù)/堅(jiān)持做某事”，動(dòng)作是主語(yǔ)本身發(fā)出來(lái)的。如： He kept asking us to remember teamwork.他不斷地叫我們記住合作。 Keep doing sth. = keep on doing sth. (2) keep sb. doing sth. 意為“讓某人做某事”，keep在這里有使.處于某狀態(tài)”之意,doing的動(dòng)作不是主語(yǔ)來(lái)完成,而是由賓語(yǔ)sb.來(lái)完成的.例如： I keep them waiting at the gate.我讓他們?cè)诖箝T口等候。 34 look/ look for/ find/ find o

49、ut / look up. look “看”指看的意識(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)看的行為動(dòng)作。是不及物動(dòng)詞。不能直接接賓語(yǔ)。如： Look, they are playing on the playground. . look for “尋找”指有目的地找。強(qiáng)調(diào)“尋找”這一動(dòng)作。 What are you looking for? 你在找什么？ . find “找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)”指經(jīng)過(guò)一番努力后“找到”丟失的人或東西。強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的結(jié)果。如： I cant find my pen. 我找不到我的鋼筆了。 The poor granny is looking for her little son. I hope she c

50、an find him. 這個(gè)可憐的老奶奶在找她的小兒子，我希望她能找到他。 . find out “找出、查明”用著及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，常表達(dá)找出答案，弄明真相，查明情況等意思。如： Please find out when the train leaves. 請(qǐng)查一下火車什么時(shí)候離站。 . look up “向上看；查字典”如： She looked up and she saw many birds in the sky. You must look up the new words when you dont know how to pronounce it. 35 much too/ to

51、o much. much too 太、非常， 用作副詞詞組，修飾形容詞或其它副詞。如： Its much too cold today. 今天天氣太冷。 The old man walked much too slowly. 這位老人走得太慢了。 . too much “太多”有三種用法： 1 用作名詞詞組。如： You gave me too much. 你給我的太多了。 2 用作形容詞詞組。修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如： I dont like winter because theres too much snow and ice.我不喜歡冬天，因?yàn)檠┖捅嗔恕?3 用作副詞詞組，修飾動(dòng)詞，如：

52、Dont speak too much. 別講得太多。 注：much too 與too much都可用作副詞詞組，但too much 不可以修飾形容詞，much too 不可以修飾動(dòng)詞。 36 point to/ point atpoint to 與point at 都有用手指著某人或某物的意思。但后者還可表“對(duì)準(zhǔn)；瞄準(zhǔn)”之意。如： She pointed to a boy and said that he was her brother. He pointed his gun at the enemy and shouted “Hands up”他把口對(duì)準(zhǔn)敵人，大聲喊：“舉起手來(lái)”。 37

53、put on/ wear/ be dressed in/ dress up (1)put on 表動(dòng)作，“穿上、戴上”，賓語(yǔ)為衣物； (2)wear 表狀態(tài)，“穿戴著”； (3)be dressed in 也表狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)一種呈現(xiàn)的結(jié)果； (4)dress up 有“盛裝、喬裝、打扮”之意，表動(dòng)作。dress常與介詞搭配。如： The boy wears a new coat today.這男孩今天穿著一件新大衣。 Its cold outside. Put on more clothes.外面冷，穿多一點(diǎn)衣服。 The girl is dressed in a red coat today.小

54、女孩今天穿著一件紅外衣。 She has dressed up in a red skirt for the party. 為了參加這舞會(huì)，她穿了一條紅裙子。 38 right away/ right now/ at once/just now (1)right away, at once側(cè)重動(dòng)作，有多種時(shí)態(tài)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞隨時(shí)態(tài)變化而變化。 Ill return the book right away.我馬上還書。 (2)right now 側(cè)重時(shí)間，時(shí)態(tài)只限與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)。 The doctor is busy right now.醫(yī)生此刻正忙著。 Ill give you one o

55、r two instances just now.我正要給你舉一兩個(gè)例子。 但當(dāng)just now 用于過(guò)去時(shí)的句子里時(shí)，表示“剛才”。如： He came back just now.他剛才回來(lái)了。 39 so that/sothat (1)so that“以便”、“為了”，常引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。如： He got up early so that he could catch the first bus.他起得早為了趕第一班車。 so that所引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前一般有情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞can/may等。 (2) sothat“如此以至”，that 后常跟結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。例如： He is so

56、 tired that he cant walk any further.他非常疲勞，走不動(dòng)了。 The film is so interesting that he wants to see it again. 電影太有趣了，他想再看一遍。 40 try to do/ try doingtry to do 和try doing 兩者意義不同，區(qū)別在于： (1)try to do sth.“努力去做，盡力做”=try ones best to do He tried to climb the tree.他試著努力爬那棵樹。 (2)try doing sth. 指“嘗試做看看，有何結(jié)果”，暗示在

57、這之前已試過(guò) 某種方法但不奏效，另試其他方法。 If no one answers the door, why not try knocking the back door? 如果沒有人開門，為什么不敲后門看看呢？ 41 thanks for/ thanks to. thanks for = thank you for “為謝”強(qiáng)調(diào)謝的原因。如： Thanks for lending me your umbrella.謝謝你借給我雨傘。 Thank you for your dictionary. 謝謝你的字典。 . thanks to “多虧了”；“由于的幫助”相當(dāng)于because of 或 with the help of , 在此短語(yǔ)中，to是一個(gè)介詞，后接名詞或代詞。如： Thanks to the doctor, I am well again. 多虧這位醫(yī)生，我身體又康復(fù)了。 Thanks to our teachers, we all passe