課件教程機械mechanical bhtj010-design specification

1、Project No.: BHTJ010-TDProject: Baxter TJ FINA 3管道設(shè)計說明Design SpecificationPi目錄Table of Contents1簡介roduction3NP AuthorInitials:Date:Signature:NP Peer ReviewerInitials:Date:Signature:NP ApproverInitials:Date:Signature:Customer ApproverInitials:Date:Signature:1.11.21.3概述 General3目的ent3范圍 Scope4234定義及縮寫

2、 Definitions and abbreviations5參考規(guī)范 Referen. 6管道布置 PiLayout74.14.24.3管道布置概述 General PiLayout7管廊布置 Piperack Layout10空間及操作要求 Clearance And Acs Requirements104.3.14.3.24.3.34.3.4概述 General10預(yù)留空間 Free Areas11儀表構(gòu)件 Instrument Items12閥門 Valves124.4泵的管道 Pump pi. 125設(shè)計原則 Design Principles135.15.25.35.45.55.6

3、5.7一般設(shè)計要求 General Design Requirement13and condensate systems13Pipes15蒸氣及凝水系統(tǒng)坡度管 Slo死角 Dead Legs16隔膜閥自動排凈角度 Self-draining angle for diaphragm valves17交叉污染 Cross Contamination18導(dǎo)淋，重力排出 Drain / Gravity drains1867891011管道防腐及涂漆 CorroProtection and Paing of Lines18管道保溫 PiInsulation19管道應(yīng)力分析 Pipe Stressysis

4、19管道支架 PiSupports20鈍化 Passivation20凈化 Decontamination2111.1應(yīng)用范圍 Area of application21管道標(biāo)記 Pipe marking211212.1人工操作 Manuel operation22應(yīng)用范圍 Area of application2212.2保溫和包覆層 Insulation and cladding22冷/熱管道 Cold/hot pipes22保溫說明 Insulation specifications22衛(wèi)生級執(zhí)行 Sanitary execution22應(yīng)用范圍 Area of application2

5、3Change Log2313變更11.1簡介roduction概述 General本說明詳述了管道專業(yè)設(shè)計中文件，設(shè)計基礎(chǔ)，假定，條件以及特殊情況。This Note design, aroduthe Design for pidiscipline as well asation, the basis of themptions, conditions and exceptions.1.2目的ent這個說明定義了，在工廠內(nèi)涉及到的工藝管道和公用工程管道系統(tǒng)的有關(guān)安全、易于操作、和施工的通用的設(shè)計要求。This specification defines the general design

6、requirements, concerning of pros and utilitypisystemhe plant to provide for safe and easy operation, maenance and construction.設(shè)計應(yīng)遵守適用的法律和。Design shall comply wi范圍 Scopepplicable rules and regulations.1.3這個文件應(yīng)適用于百特新建廠房項目的工藝及公用工程的管道系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計中。This specification shall be applicable to pro engineering for

7、Baxter TJ FINA 3 Project.s and utility pisystems design and在這個說明中被定義的工藝及公用工程的管道系統(tǒng)的范圍，應(yīng)適用于與其對應(yīng)的管道及儀表流程圖。The scope of pro he applicabls and utility pisystem definedhis specification shall be as indicatedand instrument flow diagram.但是，作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化設(shè)備或是包內(nèi)設(shè)備的一部分而提供的管道應(yīng)遵循相應(yīng)的制造商的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，同時也應(yīng)該必須遵守相應(yīng)的的規(guī)范、規(guī)章及準(zhǔn)則。However, p

8、iwhich is furnished as a regular part of proprietary or standardized equipment orpackage facility shall be accordance with the manufactures standards; and also should comply with rules, regulations and guidelines.注：1.本項目由于設(shè)計所需所有用戶點接口位置條件不全，相應(yīng)管道依照現(xiàn)有條件布置，引至設(shè)備附近待條件完善后進(jìn)一步設(shè)計，此部分為2次配管部分，由施工承包商在設(shè)備到場后或業(yè)主提供完

9、整的信息后，依據(jù)現(xiàn)場實際情況進(jìn)行二次配管及施工。根據(jù)壓力管道規(guī)范-工業(yè)管道（GB /T20801）的分類，本項目中的蒸汽及壓縮空氣管道屬于壓力管道中的 GC3 類別。蒸汽及壓縮空氣管道水壓試驗及無損探傷按照 GB50235-2010 工業(yè)金屬管道工程施工及規(guī)范和 GB /T20801.5-2006 壓力管道規(guī)范-工業(yè)管道”的第 5 部分執(zhí)行。壓力管道要求 DN65 以下的管道氬弧焊焊接，DN65 及以上管道采用氬弧焊打底，電焊蓋面.2.3.管道支架除結(jié)構(gòu)預(yù)制支架外均由管道安裝施工根據(jù)現(xiàn)場情況，在合適位置的結(jié)構(gòu)上自行安裝相應(yīng)管道支架；所有管殼式換熱器的設(shè)備支架也由安裝施工根據(jù)現(xiàn)場情況完成；混料區(qū)

10、 EL+8.000m 處馬道由設(shè)備安裝根據(jù)設(shè)備安裝需求安裝；管道穿越樓板及墻板處，除了由結(jié)構(gòu)預(yù)留的開洞外，其他開孔開洞由管道安裝根據(jù)實際安裝情況現(xiàn)場解決并封堵，穿越潔凈區(qū)的用潔凈封堵，穿越防火分區(qū)的使用防火封堵。Note:1.his project, thpe design just follows the current condition. Some tie-in pos with theequipment location will be updated on site when the construction contractets the realcondition from c

11、nt or real on siocation information. The part piworks belong to Hook up.The contractor will do the create design and construct of the hook up by the real information after the equipment on their real location.2. Base on PrercodeIndustrial Pi（GB /T20801）,thepipe and Destructive Testing ofcompresair p

12、ipe belong to GC3 type. The Hydrosic test andthepipe should follow the standard Code for construction of industrial metallic pi（GB50235-2010）and The 5th part of PrercodeIndustrial Pi（GB/T20801）. The prerwhose diameter is smalln DN65 should be argon arcwelding, others should be argon arc welding at t

13、he bottom, and then welding cover.3. Th by pipe support should be installed at the rightition base one the real conditiositeconstruction contractor except the supports which are done by structure constructioncontractor; All the support of s according to the real conditioheat exchanger should be done

14、 by construction contractorsite; The holes where thpeline across the floor and wallshould be done by thconstruction contractor except the holes which are done bystructure construction contractor; The holes should be plugged by correct plugging material.2Definitions and abbreviations定義及縮寫縮寫Abbreviati

15、on描述DescriptionAISI鋼鐵學(xué)會（美標(biāo)）American Iron and Steel Institute(US standardisation authority)ASME機械工（美標(biāo)）American Society of Mechanical Engineers(US standardisation authority)DN公稱直徑Nominal DiameterGB中國國家規(guī)范ChiNational CodeFDA食品與藥品管理局（）Food and Drug Administration (US)GMP / cGMP藥品制造及質(zhì)量管理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（）/現(xiàn)行的GMPGood Ma

16、nufacturing Practice / current GMPHVAC采暖，通風(fēng)和空氣調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)Heating, Ventilation and Air ConditioningIRS安裝需求規(guī)定Installation Requirement Specification工藝及儀表流程圖Piand Instrumen ion DiagramUNS一元化的計數(shù)體系（冶金學(xué)）Unified Numbering SystemURS用戶需求說明User Requirement SpecificationWPS焊接工藝規(guī)范Welding Procedure SpecificationCC施工承包商C

17、onstruction contractorCIPCleaning In PlaceSIP滅菌ing In Place3參考規(guī)范 Referen生物加工設(shè)備 Bio-prosing equipmentASME BPE奧氏體不銹鋼無縫與焊接衛(wèi)生管規(guī)格Standard Specification for seamless and welded austenitic and ferritic/austenitic stainless steel sanitary tubingASTM A270冷加工奧氏體不銹鋼焊接管和無縫管規(guī)格Standard Specification for Seamless,

18、 Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel PipesASTM A312鍛制奧氏體不銹件規(guī)格Standard Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel PiFittingsASTM A403高溫用鍛制或軋制合金鋼和不銹 法蘭、鍛制管件、閥門及零件的規(guī)格Standard Specification for F ed or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, F ed Fittings, and Val

19、ves and Parts for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A182ASME標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 工藝管道ASME Code for Pros PiASME B31.3焊接鍛和無縫鍛Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel PipeASME B36.10不銹道Stainless Steel PipeASME B36.19標(biāo)準(zhǔn)管法蘭和法蘭配件Pipe Flanges and Flanged FittingsASME B16.5制造商標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化學(xué)會Manufacturers standardization societyMSS-SP國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化組織ernati

20、onalanization for StandardizationISO輸送流體用無縫Seamless steel pipes for liquid serviceGB/T8163-2008鍛鋼制螺紋管件Fed steel threaded pipe fittingsGB/T14626-93鋼制對焊無縫管件Steel butt-welding seamless pipe fittingsGB/T 12459-2005低壓流體輸送用焊接Welded steel pipes for low prere liquid deliveryGB/T 3091-2008此文件僅涵蓋了一般的設(shè)計要求。在以上描

21、述之外的某些具體特殊情況下可能會有其他的特殊要求，因此可能會補充相關(guān)要求，也可能收緊或放松相關(guān)要求。在這種情況下, 用戶需求說明 (URS) 或其他的更高級別的需求文件必須說明在此文件里哪些需求是適用的，哪些地方是存在偏差的。The specification only covers general design requirements. There may be cases when morespecific requirementsn describedhis instruction are nesary. It may be supplementaryrequirements, req

22、uirementsve been tightened or requirementsve been somewhateased. In such cases, the User Requirement Specification (URS) - or another high-levelrequirement specification- must se which requirements are applicable and whereprecisely deviations are made from this specification.44.1管道布置 PiLayout管道布置概述

23、General PiLayout管道應(yīng)有序的布置在已確定的管廊上，管道要盡量直接實用。Pishall be arranged in an orderly manner and routed as directly as practical, preferably inestablished racks.管道應(yīng)當(dāng)沿東西向和南北向的管廊上按照指定的不同標(biāo)高布置，當(dāng)管道標(biāo)高。發(fā)生改變時應(yīng)該改變Pishall run at differenevations designated for north-sound east-west bs, and willchange elevation when ch

24、anging direction.主管廊外的管道應(yīng)盡可能的平行布置。當(dāng)空間和不允許時，從主管廊上分出的管道應(yīng)當(dāng)走的盡可能的低。管道改變方向時要盡量避免平轉(zhuǎn)。若管道變向時要平轉(zhuǎn)，則要確定其不會對其他管道造成干擾或阻礙以后管道的延伸。壓縮空氣站設(shè)計規(guī)范Code for design of compressed air s ionGB 50029-2003工業(yè)金屬管道設(shè)計規(guī)范（2008版）Design code for industrial metallic pi(2008Rev.).GB50316-2000工業(yè)金屬管道工程施工及規(guī)范Code for construction of industri

25、al metallic piGB50235-2010現(xiàn)場設(shè)備工業(yè)管道焊接工程施工規(guī)范Code for construction and acceptance of field equipment, industrial pipe welding engineeringGB50236-2011工業(yè)金屬管道工程施工質(zhì)量驗收規(guī)范Code for acceptance of construction quality of industrial metallic piGB50184-2011壓力管道規(guī)范工業(yè)管道PrercodeIndustrial PiGB/T20801- 2006壓力管道安全技術(shù)監(jiān)察規(guī)

26、程工業(yè)管道Prerpe Safety Technology SuperviRegulation for Industrial Prere PipeTSG D0001- 2009The pioutside of main pipeways shall parallel whereversible. Where clearance andheadroom considerations do not apply, pioutside main piperacks shall run at minimumelevations. Flat turns at changes in direction sh

27、all be avoided wherevossible. Flat turns toeliminate fittings at change of direction may be used where the layout of piifficientlyadvanced to ensuret the flat turn will not causeerference or block future line extens.應(yīng)當(dāng)避免管道上的死角和液袋。Dead ends and pockets in lines shall be avoided.流程圖上的所描述的管線的特殊要求，例如“自流

28、排凈”、“無液袋”、“坡度要求”、“2相流”等等，應(yīng)該在設(shè)計之初專門考慮。Lines identified on thD as requiring spel consideration such as “free draining”, the “no-pockets”, “slope requirements”, “2 phase flow” etc. shall be spe the design.lly studied at an early stage of保溫厚度在90毫米及以下的絕熱管道用100毫米高的管托支撐，保溫厚度100毫米及以上的絕熱管道用150毫米高的管托支撐。保冷的絕熱管

29、道應(yīng)用管托支撐，管托高度由保冷厚度決定。絕熱管道應(yīng)在保溫材料外包覆護(hù)殼(不銹鋼板材質(zhì)的護(hù)殼用于分級房間，鋁殼護(hù)殼用于級房間) 。Hot insulated lines shall be supported on 100 mm shoes for insulation thickness 90 mm or less and on 150 mm shoes for insulation thickness over 100 mm. Cold insulated lines shall rest onshoes with heightst vary with insulation thickness

30、. For heat and cold insulated lines will besupported by placing an insulation shield on the outside of the insulation. The shield shall be attached to the insulation by straps. (Stainless steel straps use for classified rooms and strapsuse for-classified rooms)不絕熱的不銹在做支撐時應(yīng)墊聚四氟乙烯墊。不絕熱的薄壁不銹道需用管夾支撐。Uni

31、nsulated stainless steel pipes shall rest on pipe supports steel with PTFE plate. Foruninsulated tubing must support with cl管道法蘭或絕熱的最低點距離地面或support.的最小距離為150毫米。安裝放凈閥門的管道底部的最小為460毫米，以便安裝放凈閥。The preferred lowest poof all flanges or insulation shall be a minimum of 150mm above gradeor platform. The pre

32、ferred bottom of the line shall be a minimum clearance of 460mm abovegrade or platform tomodate drain valve.要盡量減少管道系統(tǒng)中的焊縫。在要求、水壓試驗、裝置排序啟動、清潔及有安全要求的（例如需要移走維修的旋轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備）地方而使用法蘭及卡盤連接。The use of welding connection jos in all classes shall be limited, use flange or cls toconnections, where required for maenan

33、ce, hydrotesting, plant start-up sequencing and cleanup and safety pures (e.g., roing equipmentt requires removal for servicing.)所有的取樣點都應(yīng)表示在流程圖上。取樣點應(yīng)當(dāng)布置在從地面（最優(yōu)先考慮）、易達(dá)到的地方。不允許通過直爬梯取樣。取樣管道長度保持最短。或踏步能容All sle connection pos shall be shows. Sle connections shall be located foreasy acs from grade (grade

34、preferred), fixed platform with stairway, or from stairway.Ladder acs is not permitted. Length of slshall be kept to a minimum.在安裝超長螺栓的地方要留出足夠的安裝空間。特別要注意在蝶閥的位置和儀表連接的位置是否會有碰撞的可能性。Provide adequate space for installing extra-long bolts/studs where hydraulic bolt teningdevice will be app d. Spel attenti

35、on shall be paid to potentialerferenwith butterfly valves and instrument connection locations.管道在設(shè)計時應(yīng)考慮有足夠的柔性來吸收管道應(yīng)力。管道應(yīng)力較大的地方，應(yīng)利用膨脹彎、固定架、限位架和導(dǎo)向架等措施來消除應(yīng)力。Pishall be designed with sufficient flexibility to absorb any exsive stresses. Expanloops, anchors, stops and guides shall be used to absorb ex ro

36、uting is too stiff.s tresses where normal pipe所有管道都應(yīng)支撐、引導(dǎo)或固定，以防止其過度的振動、歪斜或壓在設(shè)備上。All pishall be supported, guided or anchored so as to prevent exsive vibration,deflections or stress on equipment.在存在動力荷載、兩相流條件或其他復(fù)雜條件的管道的應(yīng)用中，管道應(yīng)謹(jǐn)慎設(shè)計并檢查，以確保在其口徑、結(jié)構(gòu)、機械強度、支撐和限位等條件下，防止出現(xiàn)過度的應(yīng)力、壓降、振動或噪音。Where dynamic loading,

37、 two phase flow conditions or other severe service conditions apply,pishall be carefully designed and checked to insuret its size, configuration, mechanicalstrength, supports and restras will prevent exsive stress, prere drop, vibration or noise.、閃蒸、兩相流、波動動力荷載可能會在管道內(nèi)介質(zhì)出現(xiàn)脈動(如往復(fù)式壓縮機)、高速溫度或波動壓力，或機械振動(包

38、括風(fēng)載)的條件下出現(xiàn)。Dynamic loading may be expected when pulsating flow (such as at reciprocating compressors),high velocity flow, flashing fluid, two phase flow, fluctuating temperature or pre mechanical vibration (including wind) conditions exist.re, or大尺寸蒸汽管線，換熱器管線，再沸器回路管線、泵吸道阻力降。這些管道應(yīng)盡可能直連。管線和重力流管線等可能出現(xiàn)較

39、大管Limited prere drop conditions may be expected in large vapour lines, heater transfer lines,reboiler circuits, pump suction, and gravity flow lines. Such pi practical.管道應(yīng)避免出現(xiàn)任何死角。shall be routed as directly asDead legs in pishall be avoided wherevossible.為了方便布置電伴熱適當(dāng)增加保溫殼內(nèi)徑。這種情況下需要調(diào)整管道的間距要求。對于電伴熱的管道

40、，管道間的間距參照大一等級直徑相同管道的間距布置。Tomodate the placement of the electric tracing cable on pi, the inside diameter of theinsulation is increased. This oversize insulation requirest adjustments be madehpespacing. For electric traced lines, use next line size greater for line spacing.法蘭相錯的管道 管或絕熱外沿的之間的最小間距至少為50

41、mm，無絕熱的法蘭外沿或法蘭絕熱外沿與相鄰的無法蘭的管道的 管外沿或絕熱外沿之間一般應(yīng)有100mm的間隙。Minimum spacing betn pipes to be based on staggered flanges with at least 50mmclearance betn outside of bare pipe or outside of insulation, to outside of bare flange oroutside of flange insulatioadjacent lin n insulation.without flanges to have 10

42、0mm clearancebetn barpes or bet在管道熱膨脹的地方，改變方向的地方和裝有補償器的地方要考慮留有位移的間隙，但是需要用限位和導(dǎo)向支架來將位移限制到最小。lowance shall be provided in pipe spacing to allow for thermal expanat rack ersections, changes of direction and pipe bowing when nesting expanloops. Anchors,stops and guides shall be used to minimize this allo

43、wance.要仔細(xì)檢查管道間距以便留出足夠的空間以滿足支路、管道支架或特殊閥門（例如分體式球閥和其他的組件）的設(shè)置。A careful check shall be made to ensure adequate clearan, branch reinforcements andsupporting requirements are provided, and around spe valves and other inline items.液體系統(tǒng)，應(yīng)從主管管底設(shè)置支管。l valves ex. large split bodied ballAll take-offs from liqui

44、d filled lines shall be from the bottom of the header.氣體系統(tǒng)，應(yīng)從主管管頂設(shè)置支管。All take-offs from header.headers, and from air and gas filled lines shall be from the top of the4.2管廊布置 Piperack Layout1)管廊的每一層都需要考慮檢修通道。Catwalk is considered for each level of piperack for maenance pure.2)酸、堿或其他腐蝕性介質(zhì)的管道應(yīng)布置在管廊的最下

45、層。此類管道的法蘭和卡盤連接不能布置在過道或上方。Lines in acid, caustic or other corrosive servishall be located on the lowiperack level.Flanged or cled jo s shall not be located above acs ways or platforms.3)冷和熱管道應(yīng)該分開布置。熱的，沒有保溫的應(yīng)該比冷水管線在更高的位置。當(dāng)膨脹彎需要設(shè)置時，管線應(yīng)該集中布置在管廊外側(cè)。Cold and hot pishould be grouped separa y with hot,-insul

46、ated, lines at a higherelevationn cold lines. When expanloops are required, lines should be groupedtogether and located on the outside of the rack.4)小口徑管道應(yīng)該集中布置便于支撐。Small pipes should be grouped together to simplify support design.5)小口徑管道應(yīng)該避免在大口徑管道的中間，尤其大口徑管道內(nèi)是熱介質(zhì)，越重的管道應(yīng)該離管廊中心越遠(yuǎn)。Locating small pipes

47、 betn largpes shall be avoided espelly when the large linesare hot. Heaviest lines should be located furthest from centre of the rack.6)坡度管，比如火炬管或排水管，應(yīng)該集中布置，管道應(yīng)該在項目初期就考慮好，避免后續(xù)布置Slo。pipes, such as flare headers and drain lines, should be located together and therouting established at an early stagehe

48、 design period to prevent difficulties, whiayoccur if othros and utility lines are routed.4.34.3.1空間及操作要求 Clearance And Ac概述 Generals Requirements所有的管道布置應(yīng)該考慮通道，便于操作，巡視，維修和拆解。All pishall be arranged to provide specified headroom and clearanfor technical safety,easy operation, inspection, maenance and

49、 dismantling.任何情況下人工操作（提、推或拉）不得超過25kg。如果起重重量超過25kg應(yīng)當(dāng)留出足夠的空間放置起重或傳輸裝置。um manual force to be app d in any action (lifting, pushing and pulling) shall not exceed 250 N (25 kg). There shall be enough space for the use of lifting and transporion gear wherelifting or transporion of moren 25 kg is required

50、.當(dāng)設(shè)備或物品重量在25kg200kg，且有充足的空間時應(yīng)設(shè)置起重或傳輸設(shè)備（例如吊車、A型支架、固定式吊夾。For equipment/objects of mass 25kg to 200 kg, space for use of adequate lifting and或臨時設(shè)備的transporion devi etc.) shall be provided.(permanent or temporary, e.g. elephant cranes, A-frames, beam cls當(dāng)設(shè)備物料超過200kg時應(yīng)當(dāng)設(shè)置相應(yīng)的設(shè)備（例如單軌吊、吊眼等）。Permanent arrang

51、ements (e.g. monorails, pad eyes) shall be installed for material handling of equipment/objects 200 kg.此外，當(dāng)設(shè)計臨時或作或過于頻繁，則應(yīng)安裝In addition, when the裝置時，操作的預(yù)估頻率也應(yīng)考慮進(jìn)來。若操作為日常操式裝置。modation of permanent or temporary lifting equipment is designed,the estimated frequency of the lifting operations shall also b

52、e taken routine lifting operations, permanent equipment shall be installed.安裝閥門手柄時，在最佳操作區(qū)域為首選要素。o account. For frequent/orInstallation of valve hand the optimum area asls shall be withhe areas for ergonomic principles operation withchoice.管道布置應(yīng)該考慮避開人孔、檢修孔、巡視點、艙口、過通道橫梁和儀表的拆卸存放區(qū)、檢修通道、緊急逃離通道等確保留有足夠的空間。

53、Pishall be kept clear of manholes, acs openings, inspection pos, hatches, runwaybeams, and clearance areas for instrument removal, acs ways and emergency routes.esc設(shè)計中需要考慮的操作：Ergonomic considerations shall be taken in design regarding:a. 儀表，閥門和控制單元包含緊急控制設(shè)施應(yīng)該易于操作。Tools, valves and control deviincludi

54、ng emergency control devishall be acsibleb. 應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮清潔、及維修所需空間。Provifor cleaning, maenance and repair shall be takeno consideration.下列條目應(yīng)該在配管布置中考慮。The following items should be considered when planning pi的安全。layout:Safety ofnel便于設(shè)備的檢修。Compatibility with equipment便于設(shè)備的操作。Acsibility to equipment衛(wèi)生要求。Hygie

55、nic requirements4.3.2預(yù)留空間 Free Areas泵，壓縮機機殼，升降器，攪拌器，離心機盤，風(fēng)扇設(shè)施，換熱器排管，發(fā)應(yīng)該留出檢修空間。活塞等特殊檢修Particular attention shall be addressed to clearanrequired for the removal of pump casingsand shafts, agiors, centrifuge baskets, pump and fan drivers, exchanger bundles.泵及電機的三個方向應(yīng)留出最小寬800mm，高2100mm的人行通道。Clearance a

56、round 3 sides of pump and motor: minimum 800 mm horizontal and 2100 mmvertical fornel acs.對于泵周圍的法蘭和卡盤要有足夠的空間使用扳手等工具。Clearance around pump disassembling flanges or cl要留出足夠的空間更換過濾器及濾芯。Clearance for pulling suction strainers.s: sufficient for use of spanners.4.3.3儀表構(gòu)件 Instrument Items就地儀表應(yīng)當(dāng)安裝在從操作點可以很明顯

57、看到的地方，最好與視線平齊。Local instruments shall be installed so preferably at eye height.t they are fully observable from the operation location,壓力表不應(yīng)該伸出來阻塞通道。要留出足夠的操作空間進(jìn)行PH計監(jiān)測及流量計校準(zhǔn)等活動。Prere gauges shall not stick out and obstruct passageways.Consider adequate acsibility for PH monitoring, flow meter calibra

58、tion and etc.4.3.4閥門 Valves閥門原則上應(yīng)安裝在易于操作及接近的地方。最佳操作高度為1.2m1.4m之間。但是一些閥門由于一些原因不應(yīng)按照此原則安裝。例如：公用工程支路根部閥（為了在工廠不停工的情況下方便或擴展而安裝的。）和水壓試驗放空閥及放凈閥（只在水壓試驗的時候使用）。Valves are in principle installed sot they can be operated and so shall be acsible. Theoptimum working height is 1200mm to 1400mm. Some valves however,

59、 are installed for otherreasonsn operation and do not require permanent acsibility, e.g.:Branch valves on utility headers (installed only for convenience to extens without Facility shutdown).Hydrosic test vent and drain valves (only used during and after hydro tests).泵的管道 Pump pi4.4泵吸入管線的設(shè)計應(yīng)盡可能短，并且避

60、免氣袋。泵吸入管線可以自動排空氣體。確保泵吸入管線汽蝕余量符合泵的相關(guān)技術(shù)要求。Suction lines shall be as short assible and designed without pockets where vapourascan collect. Wheresible thshall be self-venting to the suction source. The suctionline shall be checked to ensurerequirements.t the NPSH (Netitive Suction Head) full fill releva