關(guān)于Maverick 產(chǎn)品排除及異常值管理的特殊要求

1、 JEDEC標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編碼50B.01關(guān)于Maverick產(chǎn)品排除及異常值管理的特殊要求目錄頁碼范圍1術(shù)語及定義2一般要求.33.1先決條件33.2文件3TOC o 1-5 h zMaverick及異常識別管理體系4MPE警報及糾正措施6自我稽核.6附表A：異常識別與排除準(zhǔn)則7ForewordThisstandardreplacesbothJESD50AandJESD62A.前言此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可代替JESD50A和JESD62AIntroductionThecomponentqualityandreliabilityperformancecurrentlybeingachievedbytheelectron

2、iccomponentindustryhasimprovedtoalevelwhereproductanomalieshavebecomeamajorimpacttotheenduser.Thesesituationshavebeencalled“MaverickProduct”problems.TheseproblemscanoccurinanycommodityandthedifferentperformanceofMaverickProductcansignificantlyimpacttheexpectedperformanceofthecommodity.CausesofMaveri

3、ckProductcanvaryacrosstheentirespectrumofprocessesincluding,butnotlimitedto,fabrication,assembly,test,packing,andshippingoperations.引言目前電子產(chǎn)品行業(yè)所達(dá)到的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量及可靠性已改進(jìn)到了一定程度，在這種程度的異?，F(xiàn)象已成為影響終端用戶的主要因素。這種現(xiàn)象被稱為“Maverick產(chǎn)品”問題。任何商品都會遇到此類問題。Maverick產(chǎn)品的不同特性會嚴(yán)重影響商品的預(yù)期特性。Maverick產(chǎn)品的成因在整個工藝過程中隨時變化，這種成因包括但不僅限于制造、組裝、測試、包裝

4、及出貨MaverickProductcanresultinoneormorepopulationsofmaterialhavinganactualorpotentialproblemthatmaygoundetecteduntilitsuseinthefinalapplication.Theimpactofthisproductonuserquality,functionalityandfieldreliabilityiscostly,intermsofreplacementcosts,lossofbusiness,andusersatisfaction.Maverick產(chǎn)品可導(dǎo)致一個或多個實

5、際或潛在問題，這些問題直到產(chǎn)品最終被使用時才得以發(fā)現(xiàn)。就重置費用、貿(mào)易損失及用戶滿意度而言，Maverick產(chǎn)品對使用者質(zhì)量、功能及可靠性的影響及其嚴(yán)重。Theprimaryconsiderationistoprotecttheuserfromthepotentialimpactofprocessingvariationanomalies.Problempreventionisaccomplishedbyeliminatingatypicalproductandbyusingfailuremechanism-basedproductmonitors,processcontrols,anduse

6、rdata.Yieldimprovementprogramsdonotnecessarilyprovidethisprotection.Maverickproductsareofteneliminatedusingstatisticalqualitycontroltechniquesincludinglotacceptanceinspections.Duetoinadequate,incomplete,orimpossibletocharacterizedeviceperformancepossibilities,somedevicecharacteristicsorparametersmay

7、beincompletelytestedorinspectedornottestedorinspectedatall;thus,cannotbeeliminatedbystandardstatisticalqualitycontrolbasedonmanufacturerdetermineddataonly.首先考慮的是保護(hù)用戶遠(yuǎn)離過程異常變化的潛在影響。通過以失效機理為基礎(chǔ)的產(chǎn)品監(jiān)控、制程控制及用戶數(shù)據(jù)來預(yù)防和排除典型產(chǎn)品。合格率改善不一定提供此保護(hù)。由于不充分、不完整或根本無法描述組件性能，部分組件的特性或參數(shù)不能完全被測試或檢驗，或者是根本不能被測試或檢驗；因此，僅基于制造商制定的數(shù)據(jù)的

8、SPC控制不能排除Maverick產(chǎn)品，需借助包括批量驗收等統(tǒng)計品質(zhì)控制技術(shù)來排除Maverick產(chǎn)品Mavericksmayoccurwithineitherspecificationorstatisticalcontrollimitsbutarenotpartofthenormaldistributionthatdescribesthepopulationorprocess.Maverick有可能發(fā)生在規(guī)格范圍內(nèi)或發(fā)生在統(tǒng)計控制限制內(nèi)，但不會發(fā)生在整體或工藝制程的正常分布部分。Outliersareasubsetofmavericksthatarewithinspecificationbu

9、tunusualcomparedtotheprevailingdistribution.異常品是Maverick產(chǎn)品的一部分。此類Maverick產(chǎn)品均在規(guī)格范圍內(nèi)，但與主要分布相比不太一樣。SPECIALREQUIREMENTSFORMAVERICKPRODUCTELIMINATIONANDOUTLIERMANAGEMENT關(guān)于Maverick產(chǎn)品排除及異常值管理的特殊要求1ScopeTheMaverickProductElimination(MPE)andOutlierManagementStandardwascreatedtoidentifysupplierrequirementstoi

10、mprovethedeliveredqualityandreliabilityofelectroniccomponents,andtodeveloptheprogramsanddisciplinerequiredtominimizetheprobabilityoftheuserofelectroniccomponentsreceivingMaverickProduct.1.范圍建立Maverick產(chǎn)品排除(MPE)及異常品管理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以鑒定供應(yīng)商改善交貨品質(zhì)要求、電子產(chǎn)品可靠性要求、發(fā)展計劃/準(zhǔn)則，將電子產(chǎn)品使用者收到Maverick產(chǎn)品的可能性降到最低。Thisstandardappliesto

11、theidentification,control,anddispositionofMaverickProductthatcanoccurduringfabrication,assembly,test,packing,orshippingofanyelectroniccomponent.Itcanbeimplementedforanentireproductlineortosegregateproductthathasahigherprobabilityofadverselyimpactingqualityorreliability.Theseactivitiesmayrequirespeci

12、aleffortand,thereforecanonlybeactivatedbymutualagreementbetweentheuserandthesupplier.ThissystemisknownasanOutlier(orotherwiseMaverick)IdentificationandManagementSystem(OIMS)此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用于識別、控制、處理任何電子產(chǎn)品在制造、組裝、測試、包裝或出貨過程中出現(xiàn)的Maverick?？蓪φ麠l產(chǎn)線實施此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，或隔離極有可能影響到品質(zhì)及可靠性的產(chǎn)品。只有供應(yīng)商和用戶之間達(dá)成一致，此措施方可奏效。此系統(tǒng)為“異常(Maverick)識別及管理

13、系統(tǒng)(OIMS)”.OutlierIdentificationandManagementSystem(OIMS)istoidentifyprocessanddefectanomalies,improveprocesscontrols,andimproveend-userqualityandreliabilityandtoidentifytherootcauseoftheOutlierproduct.異常識別及管理系統(tǒng)(OUMS)可識別制程及不良品、改進(jìn)制程控制、改善終端用戶品質(zhì)及可靠性、鑒定不良品的根本原因。2Termsanddefinitions術(shù)語及定義lowerspecification

14、limit(LSL):Thelowerspecificationlimitasdefinedinthecomponentspecification.規(guī)格下限(LSL):如產(chǎn)品規(guī)格中所定義的規(guī)格下限maverickproduct:Productthatexhibitssignificantanomalouscharacteristicsthatmaycauseahigherthan-normalleveloffailureanywhereintheusersapplicationorusersmanufacturingline.Maverick產(chǎn)品：有明顯異常特性的產(chǎn)品、在用戶使用或用戶產(chǎn)線造成

15、高于正常失效水平的產(chǎn)品NOTE1Inthisdefinition,“product”includestheelectroniccomponent,thefirstlevelpacking(e.g.,tray,tube,andtapeandreel),theshippingcontainer,labeling,andpaperwork.注意1：在此定義中，“產(chǎn)品”包括電子產(chǎn)品、首層包裝(如托盤、包裝管、包裝帶及卷盤)、運輸容器、標(biāo)簽及文書工作。NOTE2Thesesignificantanomalouscharacteristicscanincludeinitialqualitydefects,

16、time-dependentreliabilitydefects,defectsthataffectnextlevelofmanufacturing,defectsinproductdeliveryprocess(suchaslabelingorshippingmedia),anddefectsinbusinessprocess(suchasshippinginformation).Thecharacteristicsmayormaynotbepartofanexistingproductorprocessmonitor,test,orinspectionactivity.注意2：明顯異常特性

17、包括：初期品質(zhì)不良、隨時間變化的可靠性不良、影響后續(xù)生產(chǎn)的不良、產(chǎn)品交貨中的不良(如標(biāo)簽或運輸媒介)、貿(mào)易過程中的不良(如運輸信息)。這些特性可能是或不是現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品或過程監(jiān)控、測試、檢驗的一部分。NOTE3Maverickproductmaycomefromknownnoncompliantproduct,fromcompliantproductthathasasignificantdifferencewhencomparedtotypicalproduct(butisstillwithinspecificationlimits),orfromnormalproductduetosomeprev

18、iouslyunknownorunmonitoredcause.注意3：Maverick產(chǎn)品可來自已知不良品、與“典型”產(chǎn)品(仍在規(guī)格限度內(nèi))有明顯差異的合格品，或者來自先前未知或未受監(jiān)控的“正常”產(chǎn)品。noncompliantproduct:Productthatfailstocomplywithuserrequirements,manufacturersspecifications,orstatisticalprocesscontrollevelsthatthesupplierhasdeemedcriticaltoreliability.不合格品：不符合用戶要求、生產(chǎn)商規(guī)格、或供應(yīng)商認(rèn)為對

19、可靠性起關(guān)鍵作用的統(tǒng)計制程控制水平的產(chǎn)品outlierproduct:Productthatmeetsmanufacturerspecificationsanduserrequirementsbutexhibitsanomalouscharacteristicswithrespecttoanormalpopulation(anexampleofwhichisdepictedbythehistograminthefigure),andwhichmaybesubjecttoahigher-than-normalleveloffailuresintheusersapplication.異常產(chǎn)品：滿足

20、生產(chǎn)商規(guī)格、用戶要求，但是在總體上存在異常特性的產(chǎn)品(如下圖)。此類產(chǎn)品在用戶使用中的失效有可能高于正常水平。Figure1Graphicalrepresentationofstatisticaltestlimitsandoutliers圖1統(tǒng)計測試控制線及異常的圖形表示producttraceability:Amethodologyfortracingproducts,forwardorbackward,throughthemanufacturingflowtoisolatematerialsthatcouldbesimilartoproductidentifiedashavingquali

21、tyorreliabilityproblems.產(chǎn)品可追溯性：是向前或向后追蹤產(chǎn)品的一種方法，通過加工流程來隔離物料，這些物料類似于標(biāo)識有品質(zhì)問題或可靠性問題的產(chǎn)品。NOTE1Forforwardtraceability,allproductsassociatedwithaprocessstepmustbeidentifiable.注意1：向前追溯，與流程步驟相關(guān)的所有產(chǎn)品必須可識別。NOTE2Backwardtraceabilityistheidentificationoftheproductatallstagesfromshippedproductthroughrawmaterial.注意

22、2：向后追溯是指通過原材料，從出貨產(chǎn)品在所有各個階段的標(biāo)識。rework:(1)Therepetitionofanyoperationorprocesssteporsequencethatcreatesorchangesaportionofthedevicesstructure,assembly,testing,orpacking.返工：(1)任何操作、制程步驟、建立或更改設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)順序、組裝、測試或包裝的重復(fù)(2)Theintentionalexecutionofoperationsnotnormallypartofthemanufactureoftheitem.(2)不包括蓄意返工robus

23、tmeanrobustvariance:Ameanvariancecalculatedusingarobustestimationprocedure.Robust均值(robust方差)：使用robust評估程序計算均值(方差)robustestimation:Aprocedureforestimatingstatistics,e.g.,meanandvariance,thatperformswellwhentherearedepartures(outliers)fromtheidealconditionsthathavebeenpostulatedforthemodel.Robust評估：是

24、用于評估統(tǒng)計的程序，如：當(dāng)假設(shè)給模型的理想條件出現(xiàn)異常時，均值和方差表現(xiàn)良好。NOTETheestimateofthesamplemeanand/orvarianceisoftenmaderobustbyarejection-of-outliersprocedureortheuseofatrimmedmean.注意：通過異常排除程序或使用截尾平均數(shù),Robust可評估樣品均值、方差upperspecificationlimit(USL):Theupperspecificationlimitasdefinedinthecomponentspecification規(guī)格上限(USL)：如產(chǎn)品規(guī)格中所

25、定義的規(guī)格上限3Generalrequirements般要求Prerequisites先決條件311Statisticalprocesscontrol(SPC)program統(tǒng)計制程控制(SPC)程序EachsuppliershalldefineandimplementaStatisticalProcessControl(SPC)systeminvolvingallcriticalprocessnodes.Otherusefulreferencestocorrelateproductcharacteristicsandparameters,whereapplicable,toprocessco

26、ntrolsincludeJEP121,JEP132,andJEP131.每位供應(yīng)商都應(yīng)制定和實施涉及關(guān)鍵過程的統(tǒng)計制程控制(SPC)系統(tǒng)。其他對制程控制有用的、與產(chǎn)品特性及參數(shù)相關(guān)的參考包括：JEP121、JEP132、JEP131.312Failuremechanismdrivenreliabilitymonitoringprogram失效機理驅(qū)動可靠性監(jiān)控程序Eachsuppliershallhaveafailuremechanism-drivenreliability-monitoringprogramfordesignandcontrolofprocessesandproducts.

27、(Ref.JESD659orequivalent.)每位供應(yīng)商對制程、產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計、控制都應(yīng)有失效機理驅(qū)動可靠性監(jiān)控程序(參考文獻(xiàn)ESD659或類似文獻(xiàn))Productchangenotification(PCN)program產(chǎn)品變更通知(PCN)程序EachsuppliershallhaveaPCN(ProductChangeNotification)Programinplace.(Ref.JESD46orequivalent.)每位供應(yīng)商都應(yīng)有產(chǎn)品變更通知程序(參考文獻(xiàn)JESD46或類似文獻(xiàn))314OutlierIdentificationandManagementSystemforEle

28、ctronicComponents電子元件異常識別及管理系統(tǒng)Eachsuppliershallhaveanoutlieridentificationandmanagementsysteminplaceforsettingyieldcutlimits.每位供應(yīng)商都應(yīng)有異常識別及管理系統(tǒng)以設(shè)定合格率目標(biāo)值Documentation文件3.2.1MPEdocumentationrequirementsMPE文件要求Eachsuppliershallmaintaindocumentation(perASQC/ANSI-Q90orISO9000QualityRecordsrequirements)sup

29、portingthefollowingitemstoensureprogramconsistencythroughtime.每位供應(yīng)商都應(yīng)維護(hù)相關(guān)文檔文件(ASQC/ANSI-Q90或IS09000品質(zhì)記錄要求)以支持下列項目來確保程序的一致性：a)ThedetailsofthesuppliersimplementationofMPE.供應(yīng)商實施MPE的具體細(xì)則b)RecordsofallcasesofsuspectedOutlier(orotherwiseMaverick)Product.Theresultsofinvestigativeactivityshallberecorded.Any

30、correctiveactiontakenasaresultshallbedocumented.所有案例中懷疑為“異常(Maverick)產(chǎn)品”的所有記錄。應(yīng)記錄調(diào)查結(jié)果。采取的任何措施都應(yīng)歸檔記錄。c)Recordsofallsignificantlyhigherfalloutasreportedbycustomers.Thisfalloutcouldbeatboardassembly,atsystemassembly,orinthefield.Asummaryofthesuppliersinvestigativeactivityshallberecorded.Ifthehigherfall

31、outwasverifiedtobeanMPEincident,thenthesuppliermustdocumentthefollowing:客戶報告中所有較多的失效記錄。這些失效可能會發(fā)生在板級組轉(zhuǎn)、系統(tǒng)裝配、或電場中。記錄供應(yīng)商調(diào)查匯總。如果這些大量失效被驗證為是MPE意外，供應(yīng)商應(yīng)作以下歸檔記錄：1)Actiontakenbecauseoftheincidenttoresolvetheusersproblem.采取措施解決用戶問題RootcauseoftheOutlier(orotherwiseMaverick)Product.異常品的根本原因Correctiveactiontaken

32、bythesupplierorusertoeliminaterecurrence.(Ref.JESD671orequivalent.)供應(yīng)商或用戶采取糾正措施排除異常再次發(fā)生(參考文獻(xiàn)JESD671或類似文獻(xiàn))NOTETheserecordsmaybesharedwiththeuseratthediscretionofthesupplier.注意：由供應(yīng)商決定這些記錄是否與用戶共享Documentation(contd)文件(續(xù))Recordretention記錄保存Allincidencesrecordedin3.2.1b)and3.2.1c)shallberetainedforaminim

33、umof2years.Wherepractical,retentionoftheserecordsforfiveyearsisrecommended.在3.2.1b)和321c)中所涉及的記錄至少應(yīng)保留2年。在實際情況下，推薦保留這些文件5年MaverickandoutlieridentificationandmanagementsystemMaverick及異常識別管理系統(tǒng)OIMStestlimitsrepresenttheapplicationofstatisticaltechniquesfortheremovalofabnormalpartsduringpartleveltesting(

34、seeFigure2.4.1).Acomponentspecificationusuallydefinestherequirementsneededfortheparttoworkproperlyintheapplication.Everypart(partasusedherereferstoasupplierpartnumber)isbuiltwithaparticulardesignandprocessthat,ifprocessedcorrectly,shallyieldacertainconsistentsetofcharacteristictestresults.OIMS測試控制線指

35、的是在產(chǎn)品水準(zhǔn)測試期間運用統(tǒng)計技術(shù)排除不良品(參考圖241)。產(chǎn)品規(guī)格通常定義了產(chǎn)品在使用時可正常工作的要求。每件產(chǎn)品(指供應(yīng)商產(chǎn)品編碼)都有其特定設(shè)計和工藝。如果處理無誤，這些特定設(shè)計和工藝會產(chǎn)生一系列一致性的測試結(jié)果OIMSusesstatisticaltechniquestoestablishthelimitsonthesetestresults.OIMStestlimitsaresetuptoremovetheseoutliers(partswhoseparametersarestatisticallydifferentfromthetypicalpart)andshouldhavem

36、inimalyieldimpactoncorrectlyprocessedpartsfromawell-controlledprocess.Thetestlimitsmayrepresenttestdatahavingeitherasymmetricalorskeweddistribution.Thistestmethodologyisnotlimitedtothestandardcomponentspecificationtests,butmayalsoincludeextendedoperatingtests(testsbeyondthecomponentspecificationrequ

37、irements)toimprovetheabilitytodetectspecialabnormalconditionsandincreasethesensitivityofthistestingtechnique.Theonlyrestrictiononextendedoperatingtestsisthatthetestshallnotreducethereliabilityofthepartsthatpassthetest,andtestdatamustbeobtainedunderthesametestconditions.OIMS通過統(tǒng)計技術(shù)制定測試結(jié)果控制。制定OIMS測試控制線

38、以排除異常(異常產(chǎn)品的各項參數(shù)與典型產(chǎn)品的不一樣)。建立OIMS測試控制線應(yīng)對受控良好條件下生產(chǎn)出來的產(chǎn)品的合格率影響最小。此測試控制線可表現(xiàn)為有對稱性或有偏離的測試數(shù)據(jù)。此測試方法不僅限于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件規(guī)格的測試，還包括了延伸測試(超出產(chǎn)品規(guī)格要求的測試)，這種延伸測試可改善探測特殊異常條件的能力、提升測試技術(shù)的靈敏度。延伸測試唯一的約束就是：不能降低測試合格品的可靠性，測試數(shù)據(jù)必須是在相同的測試條件下才可得到。Thefollowingsectionestablishestheminimumimplementationrequirementsforthisstandard以下為實施此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的最低要求3

39、.3.1TestLimits測試控制線Thesuppliershallestablishaminimumandmaximumacceptableyieldatcriticalprocesssteps(atleastone)byproductorproductfamily(Ref.EIA-557orequivalent).Anyproductabovethemaximumacceptableyieldmustbeevaluatedtodeterminewhethertheproductwastestedproperly.Generallyacceptedstatisticalmethodssha

40、llbeusedtosetminimumandmaximumyieldlimits.依據(jù)產(chǎn)品或產(chǎn)品系列(參考文獻(xiàn)EIA-557或相似文獻(xiàn))，供應(yīng)商應(yīng)為關(guān)鍵制程步驟制定可接受的最低和最高合格率。超過最高可接受合格率的任何產(chǎn)品都必須被重新評估以確保產(chǎn)品測試是否正確。一般已接受的統(tǒng)計方法被用于制定最小和最大合格率。NOTEsmalllotsizesmaybeexemptedfromthemaximumyieldcalculation.注意：小批量可不必計算最高合格率Inaddition,thesuppliershallestablishoutlierlimitsforimportantcharact

41、eristicswiththegreatestprobabilityofaffectingqualityandreliability.另外，供應(yīng)商應(yīng)為極可能影響產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)及可靠性的重要特性制定異常限制。Whereapplicable,thesuppliershallestablishminimumandmaximumcriteriaforacceptablesamplingresults(Ref.EIA-554orequivalent).在適用情況下，供應(yīng)商應(yīng)為可接受的抽檢結(jié)果制定最低和最高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(參考文獻(xiàn)EIA-554或類似文獻(xiàn))Thesuppliershallestablishanduseas

42、tatisticalmethodforidentifyingandremovingpartswithelectricallyabnormalcharacteristics(outliers),withdefinedoutlierelectricaltestlimits.AguidelineofhowtoapplyoutlieridentificationandremovalcanbefoundinAnnexB.借助已定義的異常電氣測試控制線，供應(yīng)商應(yīng)制定及使用統(tǒng)計方法識別并排除電氣性能異常的產(chǎn)品。附件B內(nèi)有如何識別異常和排除異常。Testlimitsmaybeeitherstaticordyn

43、amic.Staticlimitsareestablishedthenusedwithoutmodificationforsomeperiodoftime.Dynamiclimitsstartwithstaticlimitsbutestablishnewtestlimitsonacontinualbasis.(Dynamiclimitsbetteraccommodateshiftsinthedistributionagainstwhichoutlierbehaviorisjudgedandminimizefalserejection.)測試控制線可以是靜態(tài)或動態(tài)的。靜態(tài)測試線在建立並使用後的一

44、段時間內(nèi)不作修改動態(tài)測試線由靜態(tài)測試線開始，並不斷地建立新的測試(線動態(tài)測試線能更好地應(yīng)對分佈的偏移使異常品判斷更準(zhǔn)確並減少誤判)Maverickandoutlieridentificationandmanagementsystem(contd)Maverick異常識別及管理系統(tǒng)(續(xù))Noncompliantproduct不合格產(chǎn)品AllnoncompliantproductsshallbeevaluatedpriortoshipmenttoensurethatitisnotOutlier(orotherwiseMaverick)Product.在出貨之前評估所有不符合要求的產(chǎn)品，確保他們是不

45、是異常產(chǎn)品EvaluationmaybeintheformofaMaterialsReviewBoard(MRB)orequivalentpersonnel.評估的形式可能是物料審核委員會(MRB)或同等機構(gòu)Aproduction,assembly,ortestlotthatisoutofStatisticalProcessControlmaystillmeetspecifications.不在統(tǒng)計制程控制范圍內(nèi)的生產(chǎn)、組裝或測試批次也有可能符合要求。OutofcontrolmaterialcouldbeapotentialOutlier(orotherwiseMaverick)lot,but

46、itisnotguaranteed.NormallythiskindofexcursionshalltriggeranMRBtodeterminesuitabilityforcustomeruse.不受控物料有可能是潛在異常(Maverick)批次，但是也不一定。通常情況下，由MRB來決定此類產(chǎn)品是否適合客戶使用。Somecustomersmayhaveprocurementdocumentsthatshallnotallowtheshipmentofnoncompliantproductwithoutformalnotificationandadocumentedapproval.部分客戶可

47、能有程序文件，此文件不允許沒有正式通知及沒有正式批準(zhǔn)文件的不合格品出貨。Robustcomponents堅固元件Suppliersmustdriveactionstoreducetheexposureoftheusertofailuresduetodesignrelatedsensitivitiestoprocessvariations.供應(yīng)商必須采取措施降低與工藝變更有關(guān)的設(shè)計所引起的用戶使用失效Supplierprocessmigration/automation供應(yīng)商工藝提升/自動化Processes(e.g.,manufacturing,assembly,testing,packing

48、,shipping,control,notification)thataresensitivetovariationsthatareknowntoimpactproductquality,functionality,orreliabilityshouldmigratewherebeneficialtoautomatedmethodstominimizethesevariations.對那些會影響產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)、功能或可靠性的變化較為敏感的工藝(如加工、組裝、測試、出貨、控制、通知)，應(yīng)將其提升到自動化以最小化這些變化Techniquestopreventproductdefectscausedbyh

49、umanerror(errorproofing)arepreferred首選可預(yù)防人為不良的相關(guān)技術(shù)Producttraceability產(chǎn)品可追溯性Bothforwardandbackwardtraceabilityisrequired.ExposurestotheusermustbedefinedandboundedifaOutlier(orotherwiseMaverick)Lot/Producthasbeenidentified.Suppliersmustbeabletoidentifyproduct(s)affectedandprovidedistinguishingmarking(

50、lot/datecode)ofaffectedproduct.要求向前、向后追溯產(chǎn)品。必須標(biāo)識并隔離客戶端的不良Maverick)批次/產(chǎn)品。供應(yīng)商必須標(biāo)識受影響的產(chǎn)品，并提供受影響產(chǎn)品的區(qū)別標(biāo)記(如生產(chǎn)批次、生產(chǎn)日期)。Enhancedflows鞏固流程WhereprocessesarenotrobustortherehasbeenahistoryofpastOutlier(orotherwiseMaverick)product,enhancedflowsshallbedeveloped.Theseenhancedflowscanincludeburnin,PPMmonitoring,var

51、iablestesting,specialstresses/tests,andotherenhancementsdesignedtofurtherreducetheriskoftheuserreceivingOutlier(orotherwiseMaverick)product.對于那些不牢靠的工藝，或是那些曾出現(xiàn)過不良(Maverick)品的工藝，應(yīng)加強、鞏固流程控制，包括：burnin、PPM監(jiān)控、變量測試及其他鞏固設(shè)計，以近一步降低用戶收到不良(Maverick)品的風(fēng)險。Failure-Mechanism-DrivenReliabilityMonitoring失效機理驅(qū)動可靠性監(jiān)控Fa

52、ilure-Mechanism-DrivenReliabilityMonitoringasdescribedinJESD659shouldbeusedtokeepfailuremechanisms,whichareknowntocontributetoMaverickproducts,undercontrol.如JESD659中所述，失效機理驅(qū)動可靠性監(jiān)控應(yīng)使利于Maverick產(chǎn)品的失效機理處于受控狀態(tài)。338Rework返工Thesuppliershal1供應(yīng)商應(yīng)：Maintainupdateddocumentationofallallowedreworkoperations.維護(hù)更新的所

53、有批準(zhǔn)返工操作的文件Performreliabilityevaluationsonreworkedproducttoensurethatthereliabilityandgeneralqualityofreworkedproductisequivalenttoorbetterthannon-reworkedproduct.評估返工產(chǎn)品的可靠性，以保證返工品的可靠性及其一般品質(zhì)與非返工品相當(dāng)，或者甚至比非返工品還要好。Periodicallyreviewtheneedforcontinuationofeachreworkoperationorobtainapprovalfromtheuseras

54、requiredbycontract.定期審查是否有必要繼續(xù)返工，或如合同要求，從用戶處獲得認(rèn)可IfrootcauseofanMPEincidentisdeterminedtoberelatedtoareworksteporprocess,thejustificationforcontinuingthatsteporprocessmustbere-evaluated.如果判定MPE意外與返工步驟或返工工藝有關(guān)的話，那么繼續(xù)此步驟或此工藝的依據(jù)必須被重新評估。NOTEThisinformationmaybesharedwiththeuseratthediscretionofthesupplier

55、注意：由供應(yīng)商決定這些信息是否與用戶共享MPEalertsandcorrectiveactionsMPE警報及糾正措施Thesuppliersqualitysystemshallincludetheprovisionfornotificationoftheuserofanyproductquality,reliability,ordeliveryjeopardyasaresultoffailedrequirementsorverifiedOutlier(orotherwiseMaverick)Product.Thealertshouldincludethefollowinginformatio

56、n:供應(yīng)商品質(zhì)體系應(yīng)包含“用戶通知條款”：由于未達(dá)成要求或由于不良(Maverick)品而引起的任何產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)、可靠性或交貨風(fēng)險等通知條款。此警報應(yīng)包含以下信息：product(s)affected受影響的產(chǎn)品-distinguishingmarking(lot/datecodeinformation)ofaffectedproduct記識另(生產(chǎn)日期、生產(chǎn)批次信息)anydirectionsforinitialactions(i.e.,returnproduct,customerscreens)初步行動指示(如，退貨，客戶審查)rootcause根本原因-correctiveaction,bo

57、thshorttermandlongterm(ifappropriate)短期和長期糾正措施-correctiveactionimplementationdates.糾正措施實施日期4Selfaudit自我稽核Aself-auditorself-assessmentthatincludeseachareaoftheMPEprogramshallbeperformedatleastonceayear.Morefrequentauditsorassessmentsarerecommendedfornewtechnologies,newlines,neworchangedprocesses,crit

58、icalareas(asdefinedbythesupplier)andaftercorrectiveactionshavebeenimplemented.Theseshouldincludesuppliersub-contractorsMPEprogramsandimplementationofsuppliersMPEprogramrequirementsatsub-contractors.Ascheduleforauditorassessmentshallbedevelopedandmaintained(referenceANSI/ASQCQ90orIS09000).自我稽核或自我評估包括

59、MPE的方方面面，每年至少一次。對于新技術(shù)、新產(chǎn)線、新的或變更了的工藝、關(guān)鍵方面(如供應(yīng)商所定義的)及實施糾正措施后，推薦一年進(jìn)行多次自我稽核或自我評估。這些自我稽核、自我評估應(yīng)包含供應(yīng)商分包商MPE項目及供應(yīng)商MPE項目要求在分包商處的實施。應(yīng)制定并維護(hù)稽核、評估計劃(請參考ANSI/ASQCQ90或IS090000)。AnnexA(normative)Guidelinesforoutlieridentificationandremoval附件A(標(biāo)準(zhǔn))異常識別及排除指導(dǎo)A1Scope范圍Thisguidelinepresentsastatistics-basedmethodforident

60、ifyingandremovingpartswithelectricallyabnormalcharacteristics(outliers)fromasemiconductordevicepopulation.Theelectricaltestlimitsusedarebasedonasampleoftheelectricaltestresultsforthatparticularpartwithitsuniquedesignandprocessing.Eachpartdesignanditsassociatedprocessingtendtoshowauniquedistributiono