專題062022年全國甲卷閱讀理解A篇B篇-高考英語真題深度解析與變式訓(xùn)練解析版

1、專題06 2022年全國甲卷閱讀理解A篇+B篇2022年高考 英語真題深度解析與變式訓(xùn)練解析版教育部教育考試院：2022年高考英語全國卷試題評析（摘要）2022年高考英語落實立德樹人根本任務(wù)，依據(jù)高校人才選拔要求和普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，堅持“方向是 核心，平穩(wěn)是關(guān)鍵”的原那么，結(jié)合中學(xué)英語教學(xué)和復(fù)習(xí)備考實際，深化基礎(chǔ)性，考查關(guān)鍵能力，進(jìn)一步加強對學(xué) 生德智體美勞全面開展的引導(dǎo)，加強教考銜接，服務(wù)“雙減”工作，發(fā)揮高考的育人功能和積極導(dǎo)向作用?？夹麑W(xué)科關(guān)鍵能力，服務(wù)落實雙減”政策2.1 深化基礎(chǔ)，注重能力，引導(dǎo)教學(xué)減量提質(zhì)英語試卷對接高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求，強化對基礎(chǔ)語言知識和文化知識的理解和掌握

2、，注重考查考生在牢固 掌握語言知識基礎(chǔ)上的綜合語言運用能力，引導(dǎo)中學(xué)英語教學(xué)重視學(xué)生語言能力的提高。英語科試卷在真實、地道的英語語境中考查基礎(chǔ)語言知識和文化知識，使用的題型有完形填空、語法填空和 短文改錯等。這些題型要求考生在正確理解語篇主旨大意的基礎(chǔ)上，關(guān)注具體語境中不同詞語、句子與整個篇章 結(jié)構(gòu)之間的聯(lián)系，考查考生對英語詞法、句法以及語篇知識的掌握運用情況。閱讀題重視對文本精細(xì)閱讀的考查， 尤其強調(diào)對語篇關(guān)鍵信息的理解和推斷能力。深化基礎(chǔ)性考查旨在引導(dǎo)中學(xué)教學(xué)依據(jù)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，幫助學(xué)生掌握語 音、詞匯、語法、語篇和語用等基礎(chǔ)語言知識，同時引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)會在不同的語境中理解語篇所表達(dá)的主題意義, 建

3、構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)化知識，內(nèi)化所學(xué)語言知識和文化知識，具備一定的語言意識和英語語感。英語科試卷注重關(guān)鍵能力考查，尤其強化對閱讀理解和書面表達(dá)等關(guān)鍵能力的考查閱讀題設(shè)置考查作者觀 點或態(tài)度、語篇主旨要義等高階思維能力的試題，要求考生運用批判性思維和辯證思維深入思考文章主題和思 想內(nèi)涵，根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容進(jìn)行邏輯推理并通過歸納和概括作答，對考生的語言運用能力提出很高要求。注重關(guān)鍵 能力考查旨在引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過聽、說、讀、看、寫等英語學(xué)習(xí)方式和實踐活動，靈活運用所學(xué)語言知識，提高英語 語言綜合運用能力。：A篇節(jié)選自2014年到2015年發(fā)行的英國威爾士卡迪夫城市旅游手冊。旅游嘛，當(dāng)然有吃有喝有玩，這本手 冊上推薦了卡迪夫

4、當(dāng)?shù)貛讉€特色的演出劇場。藏得很深，不過被我們找到了。文章鏈接：語篇解讀關(guān)鍵詞theatre, entertainment主旨概要本文主要介紹了英國威爾士加的夫城的四個劇院及各自的特色。百科知識Cardiff：加的夫，又譯卡迪夫，威爾土首府，威爾士最大的城市。加的夫坐洛于威爾士南部海岸， 原本是一個小鎮(zhèn)，至19世紀(jì)成為威爾士主要港口，以運送煤炭到各主要工業(yè)重鎮(zhèn)為主。20世紀(jì)contains more than 200, 000 of the librarys oldest books. The Long Room houses one of the oldest harps in Ireland

5、. Dating to the 15th century, the oak harp is the model for the emblem of Ireland.TU Delft Library: The NetherlandsThe library at the Delft University of Technology was constructed in 1997 and has more than 862,000 books, 16,000 magazine subscriptions and its own museum. The building itself exists b

6、eneath the ground, so you cant really see the actual library. The roof is a grassy hill. A huge cone pierces the grass roof, which symbolizes technology. The roof covers 5,500 square meters. It has become one of the most striking and greenest structures in the area.Bibliotheca Alexandrina: Alexandri

7、a, EgyptThe Bibliotheca Alexandrina is the revival of the ancient Royal Library of Alexandria, the largest and most influential library in the Greek world. The new library was reborn in 2002 on the shore of the Mediterranean Sea after 10 years of designing, planning and construction. In this library

8、, there are four museums covering antiquities, manuscripts and science, and also 15 permanent exhibitions, including Impressions of Alexandria, Arabic Calligraphy and “The History of Printing”.What can visitors do in the Central Library?A. Holding exhibitions.B. Exchanging books.C. Sampling local cu

9、isine.D. Buying souvenirs.In which library can you find an ancient musical instrument?A. Central Library.B. Trinity College Library.C. TU Delft Library.D. Bibliotheca Alexandrina.What do the two libraries, TU Delft Library and Bibliotheca Alexandrina, have in common?A. They house their own museum.B.

10、 They are buried underground.C. They belong to famous universities.D. They are based on their ancient versions.21-23 DBA【解題導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四座圖書館的情況。D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Central Library 局部中“The library holds various art exhibitions, book signings and other events throughout the year, while visitors can stop

11、by the Chocolati cart for a coffee and browse through the gift shop anytime.（圖書館全年舉辦各種藝術(shù)展覽、簽售會和其他活動，而游客可以在巧克力車停下來喝杯咖啡，瀏 覽禮品店）”可知，游客在中央圖書館可以購買紀(jì)念品。應(yīng)選D。Bo 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Trinity College Library 局部中“The Long Room houses one of the oldest harps in Ireland. Dating to the 15th century, the oak harp is the model

12、for the emblem of Ireland.（長屋存放著愛爾蘭最古老的豎琴 之一。追溯到15世紀(jì)，橡木豎琴是愛爾蘭象征的模型）“可知，在Trinity College Libra”能找到一件古代樂器。 應(yīng)選B。Ao 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“The library at the Delft University of Technology was constructed in 1997 and has more than 862,000 books, 16,000 magazine subscriptions and its own museum.（代爾夫特理工大學(xué)的圖書 館建于1

13、997年，擁有超過86.2萬本書，1.6萬份雜志訂閱,還有自己的博物館）”以及最后一段“In this library, there are four museums covering antiquities, manuscripts and science, and also 15 permanent exhibitions, including Impressions of Alexandria, Arabic Calligraphy and uThe History of Printing”.（在這個圖書館里，有四個博物 館，涵蓋古物、手稿和科學(xué)，還有15個常設(shè)展覽，包括“亞歷山大印象”

14、、“阿拉伯書法”和“印刷史”）”可知，代 爾夫特大學(xué)圖書館和亞歷山大圖書館的共同之處是他們有自己的博物館。應(yīng)選Ao21235【提升】The United Kingdom is well known for its nightlife, but these cities offer the best time if you are up for a little partying.SwanseaThe best thing about this city is that most of the highly-recommended bars are located on the coast. T

15、he bar-area in Swansea stretches for more than one mile. Amazing fact, and trust us, you can find a bar that suits you right here. If you are not ready to leave the urban area, thats all right but trust us, you dont want to miss the famed Mumbles Mile.ManchesterThe city is filled with youth, and you

16、 can follow any stream of the youngsters in the city to one of the best bars to spend the night. Manchester has a massive music history and as such, it is the ideal place to seek the best parties that last till morning in this capital of the industry. Do not miss their famous pubs, the most famous o

17、f which are The Waldorf and Sinclairs Oyster Bar.StokeThis brilliant place has long been known as a football fortress. The best spots are located at the famed town center called Newcastle-under-Lyme. If you are more of a bar and club type of person, then head straight to Thirsty Giraffe and Revoluti

18、on, or simply spend the night in The Sugarmill.SheffieldThis city is the home of two football clubs, Wednesday and United, but were not talking about them. But, trust us when we tell you their fans know how to party. It is not so hard to do it in Sheffield as the city is filled with clubs, pubs, bar

19、s, and restaurants. Regardless of your age, this city has plenty to offer in every department for everyones pocket.What do we know about Swansea?A. All the bars lie on the coast.B. All-night parties can be held.C. It offers the best bar services.D. Mumbles Mile lies in the city.Which place will you

20、go to if you are a music lover?A. Swansea.B. Manchester.C. Stoke.D. Sheffield.What do Stoke and Sheffield have in common?A. They are coast cities.B. They are filled with youth.C. They are known for football.D. They offer fancy restaurants.21-23 DBC【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國一些擁有美好夜生活的城市。Do 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中

21、的If you are not ready to leave the urban area, thats all right but trust us, you don want to miss the famed Mumbles Mile.（如果你還沒有準(zhǔn)備好離開市區(qū)，那也沒關(guān)系，但請相信我們，你不 會想錯過著名的Mumbles Mile。）“可知，Mumbles Mile位于市區(qū)。應(yīng)選D。Bo 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段 Manchester has a massive music history and as such, it is the ideal place to seek the b

22、est parties that last till morning in this capital of the industry.（曼徹斯特?fù)碛杏凭玫囊魳窔v史，因此，在這個 音樂之都，它是尋找最好的派對的理想之地，派對持續(xù)到早上。）“可知，在曼徹斯特你可以享受到音樂之美。應(yīng)選B。Co 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“This brilliant place has long been known as a football fortress這個輝煌的地 方一直被稱為足球堡壘。）”以及第五段的This city is the home of two football clubs, Wednesda

23、y and United, but we，re not talking about them.（這座城市有兩家足球俱樂部，周三和曼聯(lián)，但我們不會談?wù)撍麄?。）”可知，這兩 所城市的共同點就是它們以足球知名。應(yīng)選C。21-23-6【提升】CAC GALLERIESIn 2020, CAC GALLERIES offer the citys hottest new rental spaces for your next meeting, or special event. Capacity: 300 (reception style)Hours: Early mornings and evening

24、s 4 hours minimumPrice: January-April $ 1,000 per hourMay-December $ 1,200 per hour (Sun.-Tue.) $ 1,500 per hour (Wed.-Sat.)Details:When you rent the CAC galleries, youll have private access to more than 8,000 square feet of interactive (交互的) galleries on two floors. Your guests will love the opport

25、unity to explore all the CACs exhibitions at their own pace and making a tour to the Buck Atrium and Lobby. This open space on the first floor has enough room for a bar and a few cocktail tables.The CAC Galleries rental includes the Chicago Gallery on the first floor, which features the impressive C

26、hicago City Model Experience, as well as the Drake Skyscraper Gallery on the second floor, with supersized models of famous skyscrapers. Wonderful views of the Chicago River and icons like Tribune Tower and the Wrigley Building can be seen through 40-foot-tall windows. The second floor also includes

27、 the Usher Lambe Rotating Gallery, with regularly changing exhibits. Hosting your event in the CACs exhibit spaces is truly a memorable experience.Payment Policies:A non-refundable, 50% deposit （定金）of the total cost is due when submitting the rental contract. Full payment must be made no later than

28、six weeks ahead of the event.Security is required for all rentals taking place outside the CACs normal business hours. The cost of security is based on the number of attendees and number of hours the space is rented. Contact food for more information.During which of the fo

29、llowing time does renting CAC GALLERIES cost most?A. Wednesdays in February. B. Thursdays in June.C. Sundays in October.D. Tuesdays in November.What is the main attraction on the first floor?A. Tribune Tower Model. B. Drake Skyscraper Gallery.C. Chicago City Model. D. Usher Lambe Rotating Gallery.Wh

30、en signing the rental contract, what should you do?A. Take back the depositB. Buy a security serviceC. Pay half of the total cost D. Make sure full payment is made【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了 CAC GALLERIES展覽館對外租賃考前須知。Bo細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Price:中May- December $ 1,500 per hour （Wed.-Sat.河知，最貴的時間段是六月份的 周四，應(yīng)選B。Co 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。

31、根據(jù) Details:中 The CAC Galleries rental includes the Chicago Gallery on the first floor. Experience”可知，一樓有 Chicago City Model,應(yīng)選 C。Co 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Pyment Polis:中 A nomrefundable（不可退還的），50% deposit （定金）of the total cost is due when submitting the rental contract （合同）.可知，在簽訂租賃合同的時候,需要支付總費用的50%作為定金， 應(yīng)選C。21-2

32、3-7【高考真題】（2019全國皿卷）Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel （旅社）.The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, youll often get to stay in a central location （位置）with security and comfort.Yellow HostelIf I had to make just o

33、ne recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. Its one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. Its affordable, and its got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy.As an added bonus, its close to the main train station.Hostel Alessandro PalaceIf you love

34、social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. Theres also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.Youth Station HostelIf youre

35、 looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesnt charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.Hotel and Host

36、el Des ArtistesHotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 1 O-minute walk from the central city station and its close to all of the citys main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However,

37、you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel?A. Comfort. B. Security.C. Price.D. Location.Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?A. Yellow Hostel. B. Hostel Alessandro Palace.C. Youth Station Hostel.D. H

38、otel and Hostel Des Artistes.What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes?A. It gets noisy at night.B. Its staff is too talkative.C. It charges for Wi-Fi.D Its inconveniently located.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了羅馬四個旅行社的特色。Co 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段第一句Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choos

39、e to stay in a hostel.”可知，羅馬對于旅行者來說是一個價格昂貴的旅行地，這也是很多旅行者選擇住在旅社的原因。由此可 知，選擇住在旅社的旅行者在羅馬最主要的問題就是物價。Bo 推理判斷題。從 Hostel Alessandro Palace 下的信息“If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome.”可知，如果你喜歡社交旅社，那Hostel Alessandro Palace旅社是你在羅馬的不二選擇。Co推理判斷題。從題干Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes可將考查

40、內(nèi)容定位到第四個廣告下的信息中。從該信 息可知，該旅社離中心城市車站很近、靠近很多的景點、員工友好樂于助人、提供城市地圖、盡可能提供建議。 但每天需要支付無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)費2歐元。由此推知，支付無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)費應(yīng)該是該旅社的缺點。教育部教育考試院：2022年高考英語全國卷試題評析（摘要）2022年高考英語落實立德樹人根本任務(wù)，依據(jù)高校人才選拔要求和普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，堅持“方向是核心，平穩(wěn)是關(guān)鍵”的原那么，結(jié)合中學(xué)英語教學(xué)和復(fù)習(xí)備考實際，深化基礎(chǔ)性，考查關(guān)鍵能力，進(jìn)一步加強對學(xué) 生德智體美勞全面開展的引導(dǎo)，加強教考銜接，服務(wù)“雙減”工作，發(fā)揮高考的育人功能和積極導(dǎo)向作用。1.3關(guān)注時代開展，引導(dǎo)培養(yǎng)核心素

41、養(yǎng)英語科試卷通過選擇具有時代特征的語篇，倡導(dǎo)學(xué)生養(yǎng)成獨立思考的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，培育樂于探究的科學(xué)精神， 構(gòu)建友好互助的人際關(guān)系。英語科試卷通過選取禁止開車使用手機、悉尼新舊文化沖突、新媒體對家庭教育和生活的影響、英國征收糖 稅的起因及效果等具有探討性和思辨性的材料，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生形成獨立思考的習(xí)慣，培養(yǎng)主動發(fā)現(xiàn)問題和解決問題的 能力；通過選取高科技無人機在鐵路交通中的應(yīng)用、鸚鵡識別物體形狀的實驗、人類語言開展的研究及與捉迷藏 相關(guān)的兒童心理開展實驗等語篇，激發(fā)學(xué)生對科學(xué)實驗與研究的興趣；通過選取關(guān)愛養(yǎng)老院老人的研究工程、勇 救墜樓兒童、修復(fù)父子親情關(guān)系等語篇，倡導(dǎo)友好互助、彼此關(guān)愛的和諧人際關(guān)系。B篇帶有

42、典型的BBC探索神秘大自然的風(fēng)格，文章就是來自BBC Earth發(fā)表于2018年的一篇雜志文章?！驹?4-27題】知識點說明文動物物種類閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最正確選項。Goffins cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the

43、birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a keyhole“ in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped keys to choose from. Inserting the correct

44、“key” would let out the nut.In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical （對稱的）shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction be

45、fore it will fit is called an allocentric frame of reference, In the experiment, Goffins cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that G

46、offins cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues （線索），or also use a sense of touch in making their

47、shape selections.How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment?A. By following instructions.B. By using a tool.C. By turning the box around.D. By removing the lid.Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text?A. Using a key to unlock a door.C. Putti

48、ng a ball into a round hole.What does the follow-up test aim toA. How far they are able to see.C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys.Which can be a suitable title for the text?Cockatoos: Quick Error CheckersC. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers24-27 BCDDTelling parrots from other birds.D. Grouping

49、toys of different shapes.find out about the cockatoos?B. How they track moving objects.D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the testB. Cockatoos: Independent LearnersD. Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種會識別形狀的鳳頭鸚鵡。Bo 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段 aThough not known to use tools in the wild,

50、the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.（雖然人們不知道這些鳥在野外會使用工具，但事實證明，它們在關(guān)在籠子里時就 能熟練地使用工具）”以及“the birds were given five differently shaped keys to choose from. Inserting, the correct “keys” would let out the nut.（研究人員給了這些鳥5把形狀各異的“鑰匙”供它們選擇。插入，正確的 “鑰匙”會讓堅果出來）”可知，在實驗中，鳳頭鸚鵡是通過使用工具從盒

51、子里取出堅果的。應(yīng)選B。Co 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段 aIn humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age （在人類身上，嬰兒從一歲左右就可以把一個圓形的物品放進(jìn)一個圓形的洞里）”結(jié)合選項，可知，一 歲兒童最有可能完成“將一個球放進(jìn)一個圓形的洞里”的任務(wù)。應(yīng)選C。D。推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段 “The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos

52、rely entirely on visual clues, or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.（根據(jù)研究 人員的說法，下一步是嘗試弄清楚鳳頭鸚鵡是完全依靠視覺線索，還是也使用觸覺來選擇它們的形狀）”可推知， 后續(xù)測試的目的是了解鳳頭鸚鵡在測試中是否使用觸覺。應(yīng)選DoDo 主旨大意題。通讀全文，再結(jié)合文章第一段 “Coffin，s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar

53、 shape-recognition abilities to a human twoyearold.（科芬的鳳頭鸚鵡是一種原產(chǎn) 于大洋洲的小鸚鵡，它的形狀識別能力與兩歲的人類相似）”可推知，本文主要介紹了會識別形狀的鳳頭鸚鵡。 D項“Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters （鳳頭鸚鵡：識別形狀的熟練工）”符合文意，最適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故 選D。語篇解讀關(guān)鍵詞 cockatoo, skilful, shape-recognition主旨概要本文為說明文。通過實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，澳大拉西亞地區(qū)戈芬氏鳳頭鸚鵡的形狀識別能力相當(dāng)于兩歲的人類幼兒。澳大拉西亞，一般指大洋洲的一個地區(qū)，包

54、括澳大利亞、新西蘭和鄰近的太平洋島嶼。百科知識原文出處戈芬氏鳳頭鸚鵡，又名戈氏鳳頭鸚鵡、小白巴丹，體長約32厘米, 是體型最小的白色鳳頭鸚鵡之一，外表惹人喜愛，說話能力強，親 人、愛玩、聰明，它們會尋找碎木塊用喙撕咬成自己想要的形狀， 用來獲取食物。選自 Magzter （數(shù)字雜志商店）BBC Earth 名為 Cockatoos Are Skilful Shape-Sorters 的文章。網(wǎng)站鏈接語言知識shape-recognition n 合成詞形狀識別;keep v 熟詞生義供養(yǎng)，飼養(yǎng)；keyhole n 合成詞鎖眼, 鑰匙孔（key + hole）； shaped adj 分詞形容詞

55、具有（或呈）形狀的；insert v 新課標(biāo)刪減詞重難點詞學(xué)術(shù)詞插入，嵌入；recognize / recognise v 一詞多義認(rèn)出，識別出；specific adj 學(xué)術(shù)詞特有的，特定的（近particular）； allocentric adj 派生詞非自我中心的，異中心型的；alone adj僅 僅，只；trial-and-error n 合成詞反復(fù)試驗，不斷摸索；indicate v 學(xué)術(shù)詡 說明，顯示；possess v 新課標(biāo)刪減詞具有（特質(zhì)）；entirely adv 新課標(biāo)增加詞全部地，完全地（近completely）； unlock v 派生詞（用鑰匙）開的鎖（un- +

56、 lock）； group v 名詞動化把分類/分組；follow-upadj 合成詞進(jìn)一步的；track v 名詞動化跟蹤，追蹤；shape-sorter n 合成詞形狀歸類員重點詞塊（be） native to源于的，原產(chǎn)于;present sb with sth向某人提供某物；geometric shape幾何形狀；let out放出，放走；frame of reference （影響人理解和判斷事物的）參照系；in most cases在大多數(shù)情況下；visual recognition視覺識別；workout 弄清楚;rely on依靠，依賴;a sense of touch 觸覺；

57、make a selection 做出選擇；following instructions 按照指示；turn sth around 翻轉(zhuǎn) 某物；tell sth from sth 區(qū)分 和 ；find out about sth 查明，弄清（情況）This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an allocentric frame of reference n .句意：這種能夠認(rèn)識到需要將某個形狀朝特定方向轉(zhuǎn)動

58、才能裝進(jìn)的能力被稱為“異中心參照系二長難句分長難句分本句為主從復(fù)合句。句子的主干局部為 This ability is called an uallocentric frame of reference.。 to recognize that a sh叩ebefore it will fit作后置定語修飾ability,其中包含一個由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，作recognize的賓語，而這個從句中又包含一個由before引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。說明文解題指.目一、段首、段尾處常考說明文八大常見命題點無論是議論文還是說明文，一篇文章往往分成幾個局部或?qū)哟芜M(jìn)行說明和論證，每個段落一般都是一個局部 或者一個

59、層次。英美作者寫文章的邏輯性非常強，文章結(jié)構(gòu)都非常規(guī)范，因此每個段落的首句和尾句也經(jīng)常是該段落的主旨句，也是出題的重點區(qū)域。二、句意轉(zhuǎn)折處常考文章的轉(zhuǎn)折處也是表達(dá)作者觀點和文章主題的地方，作者經(jīng)常會通過先抑后揚的方法在轉(zhuǎn)折詞之后才明確提 出自己的觀點。轉(zhuǎn)折詞前后的意思一般來說都是相反的，而作者會偏重其中的某一方。因此，在閱讀過程中看到 轉(zhuǎn)折詞，考生最好能作上標(biāo)記以方便做題時查找。一些明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折詞包括but, yet（句首），however, though, on the contrary, by contrast, instead, still （句 首），as a matter of fac

60、t, in fact 等。三、比照、比擬處?？剂硗?，作者也經(jīng)常把兩個事物、兩件事實、兩種觀點進(jìn)行比照，從而論證自己觀點的正確性。表示比照的一 些標(biāo)志性詞語有 unlike, by contrast, in comparison, becompared with等。命題者常對比照的雙方屬性進(jìn)行考查。比方文章中說“甲具有X屬性，但乙與甲不同，那乙有 何屬性？”答：非X屬性。此類考點常出現(xiàn)在邏輯推理型題中，少數(shù)出現(xiàn)于其他考點中。四、因果關(guān)系處?？家蚬壿嬯P(guān)系也很受高考英語命題者的青睞，因為因果關(guān)系闡述了兩個事件或者事實之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，是作 者進(jìn)行分析或者得出結(jié)論的地方。出題者為了考查考生的閱讀能力和