情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣主要考點(diǎn)

1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法can 和 could.表示能夠做某事（ability ） ,could主要指過去時(shí)態(tài)。.表示許可，用于疑問句表示請求（ could）更委婉，用否定表示不允許。. can還可表示一時(shí)的可能性 .exercise:am starving to death. I eat two bowls of rice now.Remember to pack more winter clothes into your suitcase. The winter in Chicago beextremely cold .I use your bike tomorrow m

2、orning?Yes, you.mustmust用于肯定句中表示說話人的意志和義務(wù)，意為“必須；mustnt表示“禁止”must還表示“非得，偏要”表示說話人的不滿情緒。must開頭的疑問句，肯定回答用 must,否定回答用neednt/dont have to exercise:You smoking in the room. If you smoke, go out please.Must I arrive at the station at 6 o clock?No, you. Mr. Smith will go to pick them up. will 和 wouldwill（wou

3、ld）表意愿，用于各種人稱。will/would 在疑問句中表示征求對方的許可或者請求，常用于第二人稱，些時(shí)would不是will的過去式，只表示語氣比will更委婉，也可用 could,might.would還可表過去重復(fù)、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，“總是，老是“，但要區(qū)別于used to do,后者強(qiáng)調(diào)過去與現(xiàn)在對比，would則不。exercise:choose Jack to be my partner.you help me turn down the radio?. When I was in trouble, he always be the first to offer help. He

4、sit at the door waiting for his son coming back.He get up early.shall.在疑問句中，shall用來征求意見或請求指示，用于第一第三人稱。.與第二、三人稱連用在陳述句中表示命令、警告、威脅、允諾，或者表示法律、規(guī)定中 義務(wù)和規(guī)定。exercise:You have a bar of chocolate if you finish the homework as soon as possible.It has been announced that all the students remain in their seats un

5、til all the papers have been collected.should.表示必要性，意為“應(yīng)該”。.還可以表示出乎意料，竟然，居然exercise:1 .You wear the safety belt while driving.2.Such a well-behaved student cheat in the exam.3.Why you be so late today?need 和 dare兩者都既可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，又可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。常用于否定和疑問句中。Need I come?Yes, you/No, youShe dare not go out alone at n

6、ight./ She doesnt dare to go out alone at night.考點(diǎn)二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測現(xiàn)在時(shí)過去時(shí)肯定推測must/may/might/should domust/may/might/should have done否定推測can/could/may/might not docan/could/may/might not have done汪思點(diǎn)：l.can有時(shí)會(huì)用于肯定句中表示推測，意為“有時(shí)會(huì) (sometimes).could have done在肯定句中表示“本來能夠做某事而沒做”，表示對過去沒有做某事的遺 憾。. should用來表示推測時(shí)意思為“應(yīng)該

7、”，含有“按道理來說應(yīng)當(dāng)如此exeicise:He be in the classroom, for the light has been turned off.He be ill. He looks so pale.There be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lotin the driving school.It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it be rather cold sometimes.考點(diǎn)三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ha

8、ve done常見幾組用法should/ought to have done 本應(yīng)該做卻沒有做shouldn ,t/ought not to have done 本不應(yīng)該做某事卻做了could have done 本可以做而沒有做might have done 本可能。但實(shí)際上沒有發(fā)生的事neednt have done本沒必要做而做了ecercise:I(pass) the exam, but I spent much time on the computer games.Perhaps we(take)the other road. It(be) quicker.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中的幾個(gè)特殊用法.

9、 Cannot/can never too/enough 表示“無論.也不過分、再怎么也不為過”You cant be too carefull while driving.You cannot remember enough English words. may as well +動(dòng)詞原形，意為“最好，倒不如“You may as well do it at once. may well +動(dòng)詞原形,相當(dāng)于be likely to de sth.,很有可能Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize he

10、r. cannot but choose to do 意為“不得不，只好做，別無選擇”. may用于祈使句，表示美好祝愿May you success.虛擬語氣考點(diǎn)分析考點(diǎn)一、條件句中的虛擬語氣：從句與主句的結(jié)構(gòu)一定要牢記If條件句的謂語主句謂語與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反did/werewould/should/could/might +do與過去事實(shí)相反had donewould/should/could/might+have done與將來事實(shí)相反did/were should do were to dowould/should/could/might+doexercise. If you (stud

11、y) harder last term, you (pass) the final exam. If I(be)you, I would go with him.注意：并非所有的if條件句是虛擬語氣。請?bào)w會(huì)：. If it should snow tomorrow, we(not take )photos together. If it snows tomorrow, we(take )photos.考點(diǎn)二、錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間、混合虛擬語氣，注意：從句與主句的時(shí)間不一樣. Maybe if I(study) science, and not literature then, I would be abl

12、e to give you more help. If I were you, I(not miss) the film last night. If they(leave) home in early morning, they(arrive) in an hour.考點(diǎn)三、虛擬條件從句的倒裝和省略如果虛擬條件從句的謂語動(dòng)詞中含有were,had或should,可以省略if,而把were,had,should放在主語前構(gòu)成倒裝。exercise.If it were not for the expense, I would go abroad.( 省略 if).If they had kno

13、wn what was coming next, they might have had second thoughts.(12 年)3.If it should rain () tomorrow, we would not go climbing.考點(diǎn)四、含蓄條件虛擬語氣虛擬語氣中有時(shí)假設(shè)情況不一定出現(xiàn)If,而通過某些詞語中(without,otherwise,but,but for,or)等來表現(xiàn)，這就是含蓄條件虛擬語氣。exercise. Without your help, I( not go) through that bitter period. But for the expen

14、se, I(go) abroad.考點(diǎn)五、(should) do”型虛擬語氣用于賓語從句中用于表示要求、命令、建議、 意圖、決定、推薦等意義的動(dòng)詞(常見：insist, order, command,suggest,advise,propose, recommend, ask, request, ,demand, require)后的句子， 謂語動(dòng)詞用： should do, should省略(注意suggest和insist兩個(gè)詞的兩種用法)用于主語從句中It is desired/suggested/proposed/necessary/important/strange/natural/

15、essential/a pity +that 從 句，謂語動(dòng)詞用：should do, should省略。(但要注意，以上句式也可以用于陳述語氣。如：Its a pity that you cant dance.)用于表語從句和同位語從句中在 suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea,request,desire,advice 等名詞后的表語從句和同位語從句 中，要用虛擬證據(jù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用：should do, should省略exercise. Janes pale face suggested that she (be) ill, and we suggeste

16、d that she (have) a medical examination. Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam(be) at the age of six months old. (13 年). Their desire was that a treaty(sign) at once. Dont you think it necessary that he(not send) to Miami but to New York.考點(diǎn)六、wish(ed)+從句虛擬語氣(三種)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，用 did/were;與過去事實(shí)相反

17、用 had done或 could/would have done;與將來事實(shí)相反，用 could/would/might+動(dòng)詞原形。(注意：hope+從句結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句用陳述語氣，不用虛擬)We wish you(come) our New Year s party.How they wish they(be) ten years younger!考點(diǎn)七、幾組特殊句法1、Its (high) time to do sth.Its (high) time that + 虛擬；用 did/should do(should 不可省，這個(gè)是口t一不可省的)2、would rather do sthwould rather (that) 句子 + 虛擬(兩種)：與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硐喾?，用一般過去式；與過去相反，用過去完成式3、as if / as though句式中的虛擬，時(shí)態(tài)與 wish一樣 注意：如果與事實(shí)相符，則不用虛擬，)4、If only引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，表示“但愿，要是.就好啦”ex