高考英語閱讀理解分類強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練科技類有詳解

1、2009年高考英語閱讀理解分類強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練（科技類）（附答案詳解）NoahWith only about 1,000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone（ 克?。?the animal and save the endangered species（物種）.That s a move similar to what a Texas A & M University researchers have been under taking for the past five years in a project c

2、alled Ark” .Noah Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos（胚胎），semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A & M sCollege of Veterinary Medicine, says there would be enough of the basic buil

3、ding blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.It is estimated that as many as 2, 000 species of mammals, birds reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an

4、 embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.“Thenuclear transfer（核子移植）of one species to another is not easy, and

5、the lack of available（capable of being used） panda eggs could be a major problem, “ Kraemer believes. They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy （having a baby）. It takes a long time and it s difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. The

6、y arecertainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort,“ adds Kraemer, who is the leaders of the Project at Texas A& M, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.“They are trying to do something that s never been done, anm Hlaiistis ouryvs）rkin Noah s Ark. We re both trying to s

7、ave animals that face extinction. I certainly appreciate theireffort and there s a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. It s a researchvery much needed. ”The aim of Noah s Ark project is to.A. make efforts to clone the endangered pandas B. save endangered animals from dying out C. c

8、ollect DNA of endangered animals to study D. transfer the nuclear of one animal to anotherAccording to Professor Kraemer, the major problem in cloning pandas would be the lack of.A. available panda eggsB. host animalsC. qualified researchersD. enough moneyThe best title for the passage may be.China

9、s Success in Pandas CloningThe First Cloned Panda in the WorldExploring the Possibility to Clone PandasChina the Native Place of Pandas ForeverFrom the passage we know that.Kraemer and his team have succeeded in cloning a dogscientists try to implant a pandato a ra bSitegg inKraemer will work with C

10、hinese scientists in clone researchesabout two thousand of species will probably die out in a century【答案與解析】本文講述中國正在竭力克隆瀕臨絕種的熊貓，這和Texas A & MUniversity的Noahs Ark（諾亞方舟）工程極為相似，都是想拯救瀕臨滅絕的動物。Bo語義理解題。從第 2段內(nèi)容可知，“諾亞方舟”工程的目標(biāo)是把瀕臨滅絕的動物 的蛋（卵卜胚胎、精液和 DNA儲存在液體氮中，如果某一種動物瀕臨滅絕時，將來可以重 現(xiàn)這一動物。A。細(xì)節(jié)題。從第 6 段第 1 句話 The nuc

11、lear transfer（核子移植）of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available （capable of being used ） panda eggs could be a major problem 可以做出正確判斷。Co主旨題。從文章內(nèi)容來看，無論是中國還是世界克隆熊貓還沒有成功，所以排除 A、B項(xiàng)；D項(xiàng)內(nèi)容明顯與文章內(nèi)容不符，故排除。所以“探索克隆熊貓的可能性”應(yīng)該是 這篇文章的標(biāo)題。Do判斷題。此題 B項(xiàng)的干擾性較強(qiáng)，但由于它沒有說明是Chinese scientists,所以應(yīng)排除。A、C項(xiàng)明顯與

12、原文不符。根據(jù)文章第3段第1句可知答案非D莫屬。Want a glance of the future of health care? Take a look at the way the various networks of people about patient care are being connected to one another, and how this new connectivity is being exploited to deliver medicine to the patient no matter where he or she may be.Online

13、 doctors offering advice based on normal symptoms（癥狀）are the most obvious example. Increasingly, however, remote diagnosis（ 遠(yuǎn)程診斷 ）will be based on real physiological data（生理數(shù)據(jù)）from the actual patient. A group from the University of Kentucky has shown that by using personal data assistance plus a mob

14、ile phone, i t is perfectly practical to send a patient simportant signs over the telephone. With this kind of equipment, the cry asking whether there was a doctor in the house could well be a thing of the past.Other medical technology groups are working on applying telemedicine to rural（countryside

15、）care. And at least one team wants to use telemedicine as a tool for disaster need especially after earthquakes. On the whole, the trend is towards providing global access to medical data and experts opinions.But there is one problem. Bandwidth（ 寬帶）is the limiting factor for sending complex（ 復(fù)雜 的）me

16、dical pictures around the world CT photos being one of the biggest bandwidth users. Communication satellites may be able to deal with the short-term needs during disasters such as earthquakes or wars. But medicine is looking towards both the second-generation Internet and third-generation mobile pho

17、nes for the future of remote medical service.Doctors have met to discuss computer-based tools for medical diagnosis, training and telemedicine. With the falling price of broadband communications, the new technologies should start a new time when telemedicine and the sharing of medical information, e

18、xperts opinioidiagnosis are common.The writer chiefly talks about. A. the use of telemedicine B. the on-lined doctors C. medical care and treatment D. communication improvementThe basis of remote diagnosis will be.personal data assistancesome words of a patientreal physiological informationmedical p

19、ictures from the InternetWhich of the following statements is true according to the text ?Patients don t need doctors in hospitals any more.It is impossible to send a patient s signs over the telephone.Many teams use telemedicine dealing with disasters now.Broadband communications will become cheape

20、r in the future.The “ problem in the fourth paragraph refers to the fact that.bandwidth isn t big enough to send complex medical picturesthe second-generation of Internet has not become popular yetcommunication satellites can only deal with short-term needs D. there is not enough equipment for sprea

21、ding the medical care 【答案與解析】本文主要講述人們將來可以通過網(wǎng)上看病，醫(yī)生可以根據(jù)病人的生理數(shù)據(jù)做出遠(yuǎn)程診斷。隨著第二代因特網(wǎng)和第三代移動手機(jī)為將來的遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療服務(wù)，尤其是寬帶網(wǎng)交流價格的下降，遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療和醫(yī)藥信息、專家意見和診斷共享將成為家常便飯。A。主旨題。第2段和第3段的內(nèi)容，可知最佳答案為 AoCo細(xì)節(jié)題。從第 2段第2句話中的remote diagnosis（遠(yuǎn)程診斷）will be based on real physiological data（生理數(shù)據(jù)）from the actual patient 可以做出正確判斷。Do判斷題。網(wǎng)上可以看病并不就是說病人

22、去醫(yī)院不需要醫(yī)生，排除 A項(xiàng)；通過電話 發(fā)送病人的信息是可行的，排除 B項(xiàng)；現(xiàn)在至少有一個醫(yī)療隊(duì)想用遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療來治療疾病，C項(xiàng)也不對； 根據(jù)文章最后句話With the falling price of broadband communications, the newtechnologies should start a new time when telemedicine and the sharing of medical information, experts opinions and diagnosis are comm就以肯定答案是 D。A。推斷題。根據(jù)第 4段第 2 句話 Ban

23、dwidth（寬帶）is the limiting factor for sending complex（復(fù)雜）medical pictures around the world - CT photos being one of the biggest bandwidth users 可知答案為 A。Scientists are uncovering the secrets of two port cities lost under the waters of the Mediterranean Sea, a researcher said yesterday.Herakleion and M

24、enouthis were rich and proud cities until something reduced them to rubble （碎石）and buried them in the mud beneath 30 feet of sea water, French underwater explorer Franck Goddio said at the American Geophysical Union conference.“Thisis a mystery that is ongoing, said Goddio, a founder of the European

25、 Institute of Marine Archeology, a Paris-based underwater research organization backed by the wealthy Hilti Foundation of Liechtenstein（列支敦士登基金會 ）.The destruction of the twin port cities has haunted Goddio ever since he happened upon thesite about 15 miles from Alexandria while exploring sunken ship

26、s from Napoleon s fleet.Goddio and his group of expert divers, marine archeologists（ 海洋考古學(xué)家 ）and others, are using high powered vacuums, satellite navigation systems and sophisticated sonar（聲名內(nèi)）toexcavate（挖掘）the sunken cities from underneath a carpet of silt about one meter （three feet） high.Walls o

27、f shops, remains of streets and gold artifacts have been found and recovered.Some experts believe that the port cities were destroyed by a series of massive earthquakes, much like the quakes scientists believe felled Troy（特洛伊城）,Jericho and other ancient cities. The uniform direction of the collapsed

28、 columns and walls suggest an earthquake, Goddio said, but no fault lines have been found nearby.Other researchers believe a massive wave, caused by either an offshore earthquake or a distant underwater landslide, could explain the catastrophe. Still others think rising seas and a shift in the Nile

29、River outlet doomed the cities.“The argument, as you can see, continues,“ Goddio said.The reason why the two port cities disappeared under the waters of Mediterranean Sea is that.the two port cities were destroyed by huge earthquakesthe disappearance of the two port cities was caused by underwater l

30、andsliderising seas and a shift in the Nile River outlet doomed the citiesthe story didn t tell us at allFrom the story we can draw a conclusion that.the two port cities were famous for their wealth and the mysterythe two cities belonged to Francesome mysterious creatures from other planets destroye

31、d the two citiesthe American Geophysical Union conference was once held in one of the two citiesThis article is probably from.a scientific magazinea report to the governmenta school text booka scientific report in a newspaper（13 DBD）【答案與解析】本文報(bào)道了人們對法國地中海中的兩座城市沉如海底的各種推測。Do推斷題。文章只對城市下沉的原因作了一些推測但未作出結(jié)論。由

32、此可推知此題 答案為DoBo推斷題。根據(jù)文章中所提到的與之相關(guān)的名稱，如： French underwater explorer Franck Goddio, a Paris- based underwater research organization, Napoleon可推知ittsfieet案為BoDo推斷題。文章討論地中海中的兩座城市下沉的原因，顯然與地質(zhì)科學(xué)有關(guān)，故選 Do注意不宜選 A , 一個顯然的因素是第1段中出現(xiàn)的yesterdayoMotherhood may make women smarter and may help prevent dementia（ 癡呆）in o

33、ld age by bathing the brain in protective hormones（荷爾蒙）,U.S. reseachers reported on Thursday.Tests on rats show that those who raise two or more litters of pups do considerably better in tests of memory and skills than rats who have no babies, and their brains show changes that suggest they may be p

34、rotected against diseases such as Alzheimer s（早老癡呆癥 ）.University of Richmond psychology professor Craig Kinsley believes his findings will translate into humans.Our research shows that the hormones of pregnancy（懷孕）are protecting the brain, including estrogen（雌激素）,which we know has many neuroprotecti

35、ve （保護(hù)神經(jīng)的）effects,“ Kinsley said.Its rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals, “ he added in a telephone interview. They go through pregnancy and hormonal changes.”Kinsley said he hoped public health officials and researchers will look to see if having had children protect

36、s a woman from Alzheimer s and other forms of age-related brain decline.When people think about pregnancy, they think about what happens to babies and the mother from the neck down, “ said Kinsley, who presented his findings to the annual meeting of the Society of Neuroscience in Orlando, Florida.Th

37、ey do not realize that hormones are washing on the brain. If you look at female animals who have never gone through pregnancy, they act differently toward young. But if she goes through pregnancy, she will sacrifice her life for her infant that is a great change in her behavior that showed in geneti

38、c alterations（改變）to the brain.”How do scientists know Motherhood may make women smarter?Some researchers have told them.Many women say so.They know it by experimenting on rats.They know it through their own experience.What does the phrase litters of pups“ mean in the second paragraph?A. Baby rats. B

39、. Animals. C. Old rats. D. Grown-up rats.What can protect the brain of a woman according to the passage?A. Estrogen.B. The hormones of pregnancy.C. More exercise.D. Taking care of children.Its rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals. What does the sentence suggest?The exp

40、eriments on the rats have nothing to do with humans.The experiments on the rats are very important for animals.The experiments on the rats are much the same on humans.The experiments on the rats are much the same on other animals.Which title is the best for this passage?Do You Want to Be Smarter?Mot

41、herhood Makes Women SmarterMysterious HormonesAn Important Study【答案與解析】本文介紹了一個觀點(diǎn)：母性特點(diǎn)能使婦女變得更加聰明靈敏。Co細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Tests on rats show- -可知科學(xué)家是通過做老鼠實(shí)驗(yàn)得出這個結(jié)論的。Ao詞義猜測題。后面的對比who have no babies,實(shí)際上提供了一個相反的情況，所以我們可以推測 those who raise two or more litters of pups 中的 litters of pups 指的是“剛出生 不久的小老鼠”。B。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第 3 段中的

42、- the hormones of pregnancy（懷孕）are protecting the brain可得出答案。Co句意理解題?？茖W(xué)家通過用老鼠做實(shí)驗(yàn)來說明人的問題。因?yàn)槿撕屠鲜蠖紝儆诓?乳動物，很多生理機(jī)能都相同。Bo主旨題。短文第 1句 Motherhood may make women smarter是主題句，據(jù)此我們 可以得出答案。To get cash out in the 21st century, you won t need a bank card, a PINS人識另U編號 )or even have to move a finger. You will simpl

43、y have to look the cash machine straight in the eye, declares National Cash Registers, a multinational company that makes automated teller machines, or ATMs. NCR has shown its first example machine that is believed to be the future of banking. Instead of asking you for your PIN on a screen, the Supe

44、r Teller-Stella for short, asks you orally through a loudspeaker to look straight ahead while an infrared camera turns to your head, then your eye, and finally takes an infrared photograph of your iris(虹膜).For identification(識另1J) purposes, an iris picture is better than a fingerprint, with around 2

45、56 noticeable characteristics compared with 40 for fingerprints. This means that the chances of someone else being recognized in your place is about 1 in 1020. Once you ve been identified, Stella greets you by name and says: “Wouldyou like cash or a statement? An infrared port allows the machine to

46、send a bank statement straight to your pocket computer.What does this passage mainly talk about?A new medical instrumentA new type of talking machine.A new type of cash machine.National Cash RegisterWhat is this new machine called?A. StellaB. ATMC. PIND. NCRWhen you want to get cash out in the 21st

47、century, you will.A. need a bank cardB. have to put in your PINC. move your fingerD. just look directly at the teller machine【答案解析】本文介紹了自動取款機(jī)的新型的識別儲戶方法。C。主旨題。閱讀全文可知本文介紹的是新型取款機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)原理及工作方式，故選CoA。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) Instead of asking you for your PIN on a screen, the Super Teller-Stella for short, asks you orally 及

48、Once you vbeen identified, Stella greets you by name and says可知答案為 AoD。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) To get cash out in the 21st century, you won t need a bank card, a PIN or even have to move a finger. You will s imply have to look the cash machine straight in the eye, 可知僅僅徑直看著取款機(jī)就可以了，故選答案D。Weather changes when the tempe

49、rature and the amount of water in the atmosphere change. We can see and feel water coming from the atmosphere when we have rain. But the water must somehow get back to the atmosphere. Meteorologists call this the water cycle.There are many stages in the water cycle. Rain falls when water vapour in c

50、louds condenses凝結(jié)).Drops of water form and fall to the ground. The water soaks into the ground and feeds streams and rivers. A lot of rain falls into the sea. The heat of the sun evaporates some of the water in the ground and in the rivers, lakes, and the sea. It changes the liquid water into water

51、vapour. The vapour rises onto the air. Water vapour is normally invisible. On a very damp or humid day, however, you can sometimes see water vapour rising from a puddle（ 水坑）or pond in a mist（薄霧）above the water. Water vapour also gets into the air from living things. Trees and other plants take in wa

52、ter through their roots and give off water vapour from their leaves. People and land animals drink water and breathe out water vapour. In all these ways the water returns to the air. There it gathers to form clouds and condenses to form rain. The rain falls to earth, and the cycle starts again. It c

53、ontinues even if snow or hail（ 冰雹）fall instead because both eventually melt to form water. The amount of water vapour in the air depends on the temperature. The air is more moist（潮濕）in the tropics（熱帶）than in the cold polar regions.What is the main idea of the passage?A. Water cycle.B. Water vapour.C

54、. How rain forms.D. Water, vapour, rain.How many ways of the water returning to the air are discussed in the text?A. Two.B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.Whether water vapour can be seen or not depends on.A. how much water is evaporated B. how good your eyes are C. in which way water is evaporated D. clim

55、ate or weather 4. From the passage we get to know.A. there is more water vapour in the air in the tropics than in cold polar regions B. there is more water vapour in the air in cold polar region than in the tropics C. it gets more rain in the tropics than in cold polar regions because there is less

56、vapour D. the amount of water vapour in the air depends on how often it rains【答案與解析】本文闡述了水循環(huán)的全過程。A。主旨題。文章第 1 段，特別是最后一句Meteorologists call this the water cycle. 已點(diǎn)明主題。Bo判斷題。讀完第 2段，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)水返回空中的方式有 3種：第1種是太陽蒸發(fā)地 面上的水使之變成水蒸氣返回空中；第2種是樹和植物釋放出的水蒸氣； 第3種是人和動物呼出的水蒸氣。D。語義理解題。從第 2 段第 9 句tOn a very damp or humid da

57、y, however, you can sometimes see water vapour rising from a puddle（ 水坑）or pond in a mist（ 薄霧）above the water. 可以找到為什么。A。判斷題。根據(jù)最后一句話 The air is more moist（潮濕）in the tropics（熱帶）than in the cold polar regions 可知答案。Technology is the application（應(yīng)用）of knowledge to production. Thanks to modern technology

58、, we have been able to increase greatly the efficiency of our work force. New machines and new methods have helped cut down time and expense while increasing overall output. This has meant more production and a higher standard of living. For most of us in America, modern technology is thought of as

59、the reason why we can have cars and television sets. However, technology has also increased the amount of food available to us, by means of modern farming machinery and animal breeding techniques, and has extended our life span via（通過）medical technology.Will mankind continue to live longer and have

60、a higher quality of life? In large measure the answer depends on technology and our ability to use it widely. If we keep making progress as we have over the past fifty years, the answer is definitely yes. The advancement of technology depends upon research and development, and the latest statistics統(tǒng)