高三英語情態(tài)動詞總結(jié)及高考真題

1、I情態(tài)動詞的定義情態(tài)動詞是一種本身有一定的詞義，表示說話人的情緒、態(tài)度或語氣的動詞，但不能單獨作謂語，只能和其他動詞原形構(gòu)成謂語。情態(tài)動詞數(shù)量不多，但用途廣泛，主要有： can （could）, may （might）, must, need, ought to, dare （dared）, shall （should）, will （would）.II情態(tài)動詞的位置情態(tài)動詞在句中放在謂語動詞之前，謂語動詞前若有助動詞，則在助動詞之前，疑問句中，情態(tài)動詞放在主語之前。? I can see you. Come here.我能看見你，過來吧。? He must have been away.他一

2、定走了。? What can I do for you? 你要什么? How dare you treat us like that!你怎么敢那樣對待我們 ！m情態(tài)動詞的語法特征1）情態(tài)動詞不能表示正在發(fā)生或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，只表示期待或估計某事的發(fā)生。2）情態(tài)動詞除ought和have外，后面只能接動詞原形。3）情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱，數(shù)的變化，即情態(tài)動詞第三人稱單數(shù)不加-s。4）情態(tài)動詞沒有非謂語形式，即沒有不定式，分詞，等形式。W情態(tài)動詞的用法A. can; could; be able tocan.表示能力”（此時過去時是could）What can you do?.表示許可、請求，可以。在口

3、語中，can可以代替may表示許可，而 may比較正式。（此時用could或might語氣更委婉）-Can/Could I go now?-Yes, you can.3表示推測（否，疑），把握很大,could也可表推測（肯，否，疑），把握比can小。-Look! Someone is coming! Who can it be?-It can t be him. He has gone to Paris. （不可能）He could be here soon.他很快就來。4表示感情（驚異/不耐煩）究竟，到底”（主要用于否定句，疑問句和感嘆句中。 ）How can you be so fooli

4、sh?What can it possibly be?到底那是怎么一回事 ？They can t be working at this time of day.5肯定句中客觀存在的可能性。有時會，偶爾”It can be quite windy there, especially in spring.Could.表示能力，can的過去式，過去能夠Could you speak English then?那時候你會說英語嗎 ？Looking down from the plane, we could see lights on the runway.從飛機上向下看，我們可以看見機場跑道上的點點燈

5、火。.請求允許（委婉語氣）（問句的答語不用could ,而用can,）Could Can I use your pen? ”Yes, of course you cano, I m a fraid not.表示推測可能性（肯，否，疑）We could go there this summer.今年夏天我們可能要去那兒。（將來可能性）You could be right, but I don t think you你或能是對的，但我并不認為你是對的。（現(xiàn)在可能性）. could have done對過去推測，可能已經(jīng)。本來能夠卻沒做，差點就He can t couldn t have seen

6、her ther他不可能在那兒見至U她。He could have gone home.他可能已回家了He could have told her, but he didn t choose to來可以告訴她的，但他卻沒有。You could ask me before you use my phone.你打電話之前本來可以問我聲。I was so angry I could have killed him.我是那樣生氣，差點把他殺了。 can和be able to都可以表示能力，意思上沒有區(qū)別，但can只有現(xiàn)在式和過去式（could）, 而be able to 則有更多的形式。過去時： we

7、re/was able to將來時：will/shall be able to 完成時： have /has been able to 如果要表達將來的能力時，一般要用 will/shall be able to .? No one is able to do it.? We shall be able to finish the work next week.? I haven t been able to finish the book Could與 was/ were able to 的區(qū)別：could只表有能力，was/were able to 意含過去某時經(jīng)過努力設(shè)法做成了某事”還可

8、以表示結(jié)果They worked hard, so they were able to do more for the company.He could cure the old man s illne$s.治好）He was able to cure the old man s illness好了）B. may 和 mightmay（過去式 might ）1.表示允許、許可，might提問更委婉?？谡Z中可用 can/ could.?-May/Might I watch TV after supper?-Yes, you may./ Yes, please./ Certainly.-No, y

9、ou mustnt. / No, you may not. / No, you cant.-No, you d better not.表示推測（肯，否），有或許、可能的意思。might把握更小。疑問句用can/ could? He may be right.? I hear there may be a few copies left.? He may come today （tomorrow）.? He might come today （tomorrow）.表示祝愿，倒裝。May you succeed!May you have many more days as happy as thi

10、s one.might. may 的過去式He said that I might borrow this book.許可（委婉語氣）Might I .表示推測（肯，否）“或許” “可能”把握比 may小。疑問句用can/couldHe might get there in time, but I m not sure. may might （just） as well 意為 不妨”、還是為好”等，用might比用may語氣更委婉。如：I m ready so I might as well go now .我已準備好，因此不妨現(xiàn)在就走。There s nothing to do, so I

11、may might as well go to bed. may well. 完全可能C. must, have tomustmust表示 必須。否定式must not （mustn 表示 不應該、不許可、不準、禁止”等。? Everybody must obey the rules.? The work must be finished as soon as possible.?You mustn t lend it to others.?You mustn t speak like that to your mother.在回答有 must”的詢問時，否定式常用need not （need

12、n t） / don t have責示 不必“而不用must not,因為must not表示 禁止不可以-Must I go now?- Yes, you must.-No, you needn t. /No, you don t have to.must表示推測（工定、必定”），只用在肯定句中，其否定形式為cant,表示“不可能”? You must be hungry after the long walk.? The Chinese language must have the large number of speakers.must表示說話人不耐煩的態(tài)度，“干嘛偏要” must +

13、 have + done ,表示對過去事物的肯定推測。工定做過.”He must have told my parents about it.他一定把這件事情告訴我父母親了。 must表示推測時，其反意疑問句應根據(jù)動詞的實際時態(tài)而變化。如：It must be nice to take a walk here, isn t it?Tom buys a lot of apples ,he must like eating them, doesnt he ?Must have done的反意疑問句有三種情況：從句中含有過去的時間狀語，反意疑問句用過去時.The ground is wet , it

14、 must have rained last night, didn t it?從句中含有過去完成時的時間狀語，反意疑問句用過去完成時.By the end of last term, we must have learnt 2000 words, hadn t we?若從句中不含任何時間狀語，反意疑問句用現(xiàn)在完成時We must have been met somewhere （before） , haven we? must表示必須“ 有必要時，反義疑問句部分用mustn .t.?或needn t.?You must go home right now, needn you? must用否

15、定形式 mustn的，附加疑問句部分用may或must？You mustn cheat in the examination, must you?3.表示與說話人愿望相反及不耐煩.意為偏要”.-you make so much noise?（A）-Sorry, I will take care not to.A Must B Can C May D Wouldmust和have to的區(qū)別：must表示說話人的主觀看法 ，have to 不得不，必須“，表示客 觀需要、客觀條件只能如此。 have to比must有更多形式。mustn或示決不能，禁止，一定 不要，而don t have to表

16、示 不必要”.（英國英語常用 needn）.? I don t like the TV set. I must buy a new one.（主觀看法）? The TV set is broken. I have to buy a new one.（客觀需要）? He had to spend his childhood in hard work, helping his father on their small farm.? You will have to do it again 。（將來）D. ought to/ should/ shallought toought to用于反映客觀情

17、況或涉及義務和規(guī)定時，常譯作應該“、應當和should差不多， 只是語氣較強），有時表示非?？赡艿氖虑?。? There ought not to be much noise in a hospital.?- Ought he to go?- Yes, he ought to.?If she is completely well, she ought to be back at school today.ought to have done指過去動作，表示一件事情該做而未做。ought not to have done表示一件不該做的事情卻做了。should1.用于表示勸告和建議，應該表示自己的

18、主觀看法，語氣比ought to弱。You should keep your promise. should + have done指過去動作，表示一件事情該做而未做。should not + have done表示一件不該做的事情卻做了。-Who did it sound like? Anybody you know?-Well, perhaps Jeff. I should have asked who was calling before he hung it up.表推測，“按道理，按常理應該”They should have arrived by two o clock.表示驚訝，贊

19、嘆，不滿，責備 竟然”I am sorry that you should do such a thing.用于if引導的虛擬條件句中，表示一件事聽起來可能性小，但也不是完全不可能。有方一的意思Should I be free tomorrow, I 】l comeAsk Tom to ring me up if you should see him.shall. shall作為情態(tài)動詞，用于第二、第三人稱，陳述句，表示說話人的意愿，有命令、警告威脅、強制“、允諾”等意思。必須，應，可以二?You shall do as I say. （命令）?Tell him that he shall h

20、ave the book tomorrow.（允諾）? You shall be punished if you break the law.（ 表警告）.用于第一、第三人稱，在疑問句中，shall用來征詢對方意見。“好嗎？ ”“要不要? Where shall I wait for you? Shall he come at once? Shall we start the meeting now?.在條約、規(guī)定、法令等文件中表示義務或規(guī)定，用于第三人稱The new regulation shall take effect on June 1stE. will 和 wouldwillwil

21、l表示 意志、決心、意愿”，可用于多種人稱。will指現(xiàn)在，would指過去。? I will tell you all about it.? He won t go.（2） will在疑問句中用語第二人稱時，表示詢問對方的意愿或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱?委婉語氣would? I mcgng to go shopping after school. Will you go with me? Will you please give him a message when you see him?表示習慣動作，有總是“、慣于”的意思。過去式 wouldHe ll talk for hours if you

22、give him the chance.(4)表示功能，能”The door won t open. / The car wont start.(5)用于敘述真理，客觀規(guī)律時“會”O(jiān)il will float on water. / Fish will die without water.would(1) Would是will的過去式，表示過去時間的意愿、愿望”，用于多種人稱。? They said that they would help us.? I promised that I would do my best.(2)表示說話人的意愿或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱?，語氣比 will委婉。指的是現(xiàn)在時

23、間。? Would you like some bananas? Id like to see your new bicycle.?- Would you like to see a film?- Yes, I d like to.?- Thanks. I m afraid not. / I m afraid I won t be able to.(3)表示過去的習慣動作。? She would sit like that for hours.? Everyday she would get up at six oan(cll(igckt the fire. would和used to區(qū)別：W

24、ould過去常常”可用來表示過去反復出現(xiàn)的動作，但不能表示過去 存在的狀態(tài)，所以，不能說：She would be a quiet girl. Used to則著眼于過去和現(xiàn)在的對比,隱含“現(xiàn)在已不復如此”之意，動作或狀態(tài)都可表示.She used to be a girl.When young, he would go out for a trip on Sundays. (Now maybe still does)? When young, he used to go out for a trip. (But now he doesn t)Near the village, there b

25、e a stream. (B)A. would B. used toF. need 和 dareneed表示 需要、必須”。通常用在否定句或疑問句中。? He needn t pay for it.?- Need you go now?- Yes, I must. - N o, I needn t.dare表示 敢。通常用于否定句、疑問句、條件從句和if/whether引出的賓語從句中。? How dare you say I m unfair? She dare not do so.? He asked me if I dared speak English in public. need和

26、dare也可用作行為動詞，變化與一般動詞相同? She didn t need to go.?- Who dares to go? - - I don t dare (to) go. I dare say作插入語我想，大概，可能，或許 “needn t + have done表示過去做了沒必要做的事情。You neednt have taken it seriously.這件事情你不必太認真。G. had better/ had best 最好“，如：-We had better go now.Yes, we had （wed better / we had better）.Hadnt we

27、better stop now? （Had we better not stop now?）I think Id better be going.（用于進行時態(tài)，表最好立即”）You had better have done that.（用于完成時態(tài)，表未完成動作）注：had best與had better同意，但較少用。 You had better用于同輩或小輩，對長輩不可用VI 情態(tài)動詞 + have donemust have done,&定做過/一定已經(jīng). ”，表示對過去情況極大把握地推測，僅用于肯定句may/might have done也許做過某事 may/ might not

28、have done也許沒做過某事（之用肯、否）might have done 本來可以做某事卻沒做can與have done連用時，為否定句或疑問句，對過去的推測“不可能，一定沒做過某事”could have done 本來可以做某事卻沒做needn t have done表示本來不必做（卻做了）而needn t do則表示“不必做（也沒做）”ought to /should have done 表示“本來應當做的卻沒做 ”oughtn t / shouldn t have done 本來不應該做某事卻做了would/could/might/should + have done用來表示與過去事

29、實相反的虛擬語氣would rather have done表示“當時寧愿做了某事 ”, 否定形式： would rather not have donee.g. If I had been free that day, I would have gone with you.would like/love to have done 表示“本想做某事”而實際上未做。情態(tài)動詞+be doing表示根據(jù)推測，現(xiàn)在正在進行或可能正在進行的動作。Eg. His mother must be waiting at the school gate.情態(tài)動詞+be done表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的被動的動作。Me

30、n must not be judged by their looks.情態(tài)動詞+have been done表示對過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的被動動作的猜測，有時含有指責，抱怨等不滿的情緒。I can t find my recorder . it may have been taken away by someone.情態(tài)動詞+have been doing表示根據(jù)猜測，從過去到現(xiàn)在一直在進行的動作，具有“應該一直在”或“想必一直在”等意思。They may have been discussing the problem this morning .()1. You return the book n

31、ow. You can keep it till next week if you like.A. can tB. mustn tC. needn tD. may not()3. I wish I you yesterday. A. seen B. did see C. had seen D. were to see()4. I didn t hear the phone. I asleep.A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been()5. If my lawyer here last Saturday, he

32、me from going.A. had been; would have preventedB. had been; would preventC. were; would preventD. were; would have prevented()6. He you more help, even though he was very busy.A. might have given B. might have C. may have given D. may give()7. If it for the snow, we the mountain yesterday.A. were no

33、t; could have climbedB. were not; could climbC. had not been; could have climbed D. had not been; could climb()8. Without electricity human life quite difficult today.A. isB. will beC. would have been D. would be()9. A computer think for itself, it must be told what to do.A. can tB. couldntC. may no

34、tD. might not()10. Jenny have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind.A. mustB. shouldC. needD. would()11. We last night, but we went to the concert instead.A. must have studied B. might study C. should have studied D. would study()12. Could I borrow your dictionary? - Yes, of course you.A.

35、 mightB. willC. canD. should()13. Tom ought not to me your secret, but he meant no harm.A. have toldB. tellC. be tellingD. having told()14.If he, he that food. Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; ha

36、d not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken()15. Peter come with us tonight, but he isn t very sure yet.A. mustB. mayC. canD. will()16. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I for her.A. had to write it outB. must have written it outC. should have written it outD. ought to write it out(

37、)17. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she, she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come()18. Shall I tell John about it? No, you.I ve told him already.A. needn tB. wouldn t C. mustn t D. shouldn t()19. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it

38、.A. breaksB. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken()20. It s nearly seven o clock. Jack be here at any moment.A. mustB. needC. shouldD. can情態(tài)動詞高考題(總分:41)班級 姓名 學號 得分一、單項填空：本大題共41小題，共計41分。1、 【1 分】 The teacher have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldnwasted time on him, I suppose.A. should

39、B. canC. wouldD. must2、【1 分】30. -May I smoke here?-If you, choose a seat in the smoking section.A. should B.could C. may D. must3、【1 分】31.fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be4、【1 分】22. - Must he co

40、me to sign this paper himself?-Yes, he .A. needB. mustC. mayD. will【1 分】19.As you worked late yesterday,you have come this morning.A.mayn t B.can t C.mustn t D.needn t6、【1 分】19. Could I have a word with you, mum?-Oh dear, if you.A. can B. mustC. may D. should7、【1 分】What does the sign over there read

41、?一“No person smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.A. willB. may C. shallD. must8、【1 分】11. We have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest marchever made in the past ten years.A. needn t B. may not C. shouldn t D. mustn t【1 分24. The weather turned out to be f

42、ine yesterday. I the trouble to carry myumbrella with me.A. should have taken B. could have taken C. neednt have taken D.mustnt have taken【1 分】32.Some aspects of a pilot sb be boring,and pilotsoften work at inconvenient hours.A.can;have to B.may;can C.have to;mayD.ought to;must【1 分】I told your frien

43、d how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I have driven her there. t haAe couldB. mustC. nightD. should12、【1 分】25. Whats the name?一Khulaifi.I spell that for you?A. ShallB. Would C. Can D. Might13、【1 分26. Black holes not be seen directly, so determining the number of them isa tough task.A. canB. shouldC

44、. mustD. need【1 分】In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you take care ofyour luggage.A. canB. mayC. mustD. will【1 分】一She looks very happy. She have passed the exam.一I guess so. It s not difficult after all.A.shouldB.couldC.mustD.might16、【1 分】-Turn off the TV, Jack.your homework now?

45、-Mum, just ten more minutes, please. A. Should you be doingB. Shouldnt you be doingC. Couldnt you be doingD. Will you be doing【1 分】 Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday. You it in the wrong place.A. must put B. should have put C. might put D. might have put18、【1 分】10. We hope t

46、hat as many people as possiblejoin us for the picnic tomorrow.30、【1 分】You dont have to know the name of the author to find a book. Youfind the bookA.needB. mustC.shouldD. can 19、【1 分】21. - I think Ill give Bob a ring.by the title.You.Youhaven t been in touch with him for ages.A. mustB. needC. canD.

47、wouldA. willB. mayC. have toD. should 20、【1分】27.If31、【1 分】一I m sorry. Iat you the other day.it were not for the fact that shesing, I would invite her to the party.Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.A.couldn t B.shoul dn tC.can tD.might not 21 、【1 分】32.-Is Jack onA. shouldn t shoutB. should

48、n t have shoutedduty today?C. mustn t shoutC. mustn t have shouted-Itbe him.It s his turn tomorrow.32、 【1 分】 What a pity. Considering his ability and experience,hebetter.A.mustn tB.won t C.can tD.needn t 22 【1 分】 The biggest problem for most plants,A. need have doneB. must have donewhichjust get up

49、and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them.C. can have doneD. might have doneA. shan tB. can tC.needn tD. mustn t33、【1分】Lizawell not want to go on the trip - she hates traveling.23、【1 分】-Guess what! I have got A for my term paper.A. will B. can C. must D. mayGreat! Youread widely

50、 and put a lot of work into it.34、11分】 Thank you for all your hard work last week. I dont think weit without you.A. mustB. shouldC. must haveD. should haveA. canmanage B. could have managedC. could manage D. can have managed24、 【1 分】 What do you think we can do for our aged parents ?35、11分】 -What so

51、rt of house do you want to have?Something big? Youdo anything except to be with them and be yourself.-Well, itbe big- that s not important.A.don t have toB. oughtn t toA. mustnB. needn t C. can t D. won tC. mustnD. can tsound like a simple task, great care is needed.25、11分】26. You know he is not goi

52、ng to let us leave early if weget the work done.A. cantB. may notC. shouldntD. mustnt 26 、【1 分】24.Theres no light on theybe at home.A. cantB. mustntC. needntD. shouldnt27、【1分】When I was young,I was told that Iplay with matchesA. wouldn B. needn tC. mustn tD. d aren tA. mustB. mayC. shall37、【1分】You_

53、be hungry alreadyA. wouldn t B. can t C. mustn t38、【1分】Peterbe reain general .A. shallB. shouldC. can分】36、11Although thisD. should-you had lunch only two hours ago!39、【1分】D.needn tD. musthes a nice person28、【1分】John promised his doctor henot smoke, and he has never smoked everAccording to the air tr

54、affic rules, youswitch off your mobile phonesince.A. mightB. shouldC. couldD. would29、【1分】It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but itbe rather coldsometimes.A. mayB. canC. wouldD. should40、【1分】Shehave left school, for her bike is still hereA. can tB . wouldn tC . shouldn tD. needn tbefore boa

55、rding .41、 【1 分】 I can t find my purse anywhere .A. mustB. canC. should D. wouldYou have lost it while shopping .A. mayB . can C. shouldD . would(09 ) 25. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? Therebe twelve.A. shouldB. wouldC. willD. shall(09 ) 20. I cant leave. She told me that i stay here

56、 until she comes back.A. can B. must C. will D.may25. One of the few things you say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lotabout the weather.A. need B. must C. should D. can(D)This printer is of good quality. If it break down within the first year, we would repairit at our expens

57、e.A. would B. should C. could D. might(B)13. The doctor recommended that you swim after eating a large meal.A. wouldn t B. couldn t C. needn t D. shouldn t【答案】Do. The traffic is heavy this day, I arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?A. canB. mustC. need.D. might【答案】D.We last night, but we

58、 went to the concert instead.A. must have studied.B. might study25. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? ThereA. shouldC. will【答案】Ao35. But for the help of my English teacher, I Writing Competition.A. would not winB. would not have wonwon 21cnjy【答案】BC. should have studied.D. would studybe t

59、welve答案是CB. wouldD. shallthe first21cnjyC. would win32. Hi, Tom . Any idea where Jane is?She in the classroom . I saw her there just now.A. shall beC. must beprize in the EnglishD. would haveB. should have beenD. might have been答案C28. He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he itdifferent

60、ly.A. could expressB. would expressC. could have expressedD. must have expressed答案C27. It have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one witha car.A. may B. canC. must D. should答案C總分：(0)一、單項填空：本大題共41小題，共計0分。1、【1分】 參考答案與解析：D解析：“must have動詞+ed形式”表示&定做了某事”。根據(jù)所提供的情景 or she wouldnwasted ti