海事基礎(chǔ)英語綜合教程第二冊Unit8ShipStructureandEquipment精課件

1、Unit 8Ship Structure and EquipmentPart Warming-up ActivitiesABCD1. Forecastle（A） 2. Cabin（ B） 3. Engine Room (C) 4 Bridge（D）Part Text A: Ship StructureSection 1: Background Information Section 2: Text explanation1. Key words and expressions2. Key sentence analysis 3. Text translation keelSection 1:

2、Background Information Section 2: Text explanation1. Key words and expressions2. Key sentence analysis 3. Text translation Paragraph 2Translation 2. 船體包含船的外殼以及組成船殼的所有部件，這些部件將船分成多個(gè)艙室，并使船體牢固。1. requirement n. something that you must have in order to do sth else 必要條件;必備條件e.g. What is the minimum entran

3、ce requirements for this course? 這門課程最基本的入學(xué)條件是什么？ meet/fulfil/satisfy the requirements 符合/滿足必備的條件Paragraph 3Key words and expressions2. buoyancy n. the tendency to float in water or other liquid 浮力, 浮性e.g. Each of the balloons has its own buoyancy. 每一個(gè)氣球有它自己的浮力。3. stability n.U the quality or state

4、of being steady and not changing or being disturbed in any way 穩(wěn)定（性）；穩(wěn)固（性）e.g. social stability社會(huì)穩(wěn)定Paragraph 3Key words and expressionsParagraph 3Translation 3.船的三個(gè)最基本的要求是浮力、強(qiáng)度和穩(wěn)定性。1. plating n. a layer of coverings, especially of metal plates 外層；（尤指）金屬板護(hù)層 e.g. armour plating 裝甲敷板2. plate n. a thin

5、flat piece of metal, used especially to join or strengthen sth (金屬)板條，板材e.g. The tanks were mainly constructed of steel plate. 這些坦克主要是用鋼板制造的。Paragraph 4Key words and expressionsParagraph 4Key words and expressions3. horizontal adj. flat and level; going across and parallel to the ground rather than

6、going up and down 水平的； 橫的e.g. horizontal and vertical lines 橫線和豎線4. while conj. used to contrast two things (對比兩件事物) 而，然而e.g. Some courses in college are required while others are optional. 大學(xué)里有的課程是必修的，然而有的是選修的。Paragraph 4The shell plating(1) is the outer skin of the ship and is made up of (5)a grea

7、t many steel plates(2) fastened together by welding. Each horizontal(3)5. a great many steel plates fastened together by weldingfastened together by welding 過去分詞短語作plates的定語。意思是很多通過焊接加固在一起的鋼板Key sentence analysisParagraph 4Translation4. 船殼板是船的外皮，由很多的鋼板通過焊接而成。水平的板稱為船體列板，船體列板通常從靠近龍骨的那一行開始用字母A、B、C、D來標(biāo)記

8、。挨著龍骨的這塊列板稱為龍骨翼板，最上面的船體列板則稱為舷頂列板。船殼最重要的兩點(diǎn)是水密性和強(qiáng)度。1. corresponding to adj. matching or connected with sth that you have just mentioned 符合的， 相應(yīng)的，相關(guān)的 e.g. Give each picture a number corresponding to its position on the page. 按所在頁面位置給每一幅圖片編上相對應(yīng)的的號碼。2. construct v. often passive to build or make sth such

9、 as a road, building or machine 建造；修建e.g. When was the bridge constructed? 那座橋是什么時(shí)候修建的？Paragraph 5Key words and expressions3. be use for v. to do sth with a machine , a method, an object, etc. for a particular purpose 使用；利用e.g. The blue files are used for storing old invoices. 藍(lán)色卷宗是用來存放舊發(fā)票的。4. trans

10、verse adj. extending or lying across; in a crosswise direction; at right angles to the long axis橫向的；橫斷的e.g. Something, such as a part of beam, that is transverse橫向的物體，如橫梁的一部分 transverse section 橫切面Paragraph 5Key words and expressions5. vertical adj. upright in position or posture 垂直的；頂點(diǎn)的e.g. The ver

11、tical line meets the horizontal one here. 垂直線與水平線在此相交。 vertical distribution 垂直分布7. depend on/upon依賴，依靠e.g. Children depend on their parents for food and clothing. 小孩依賴他們的父母供給衣食。Paragraph 5Key words and expressionsParagraph 5Key sentence analysis(6) The transverse vertical plates dividing these tank

12、s into sections are called floors分詞結(jié)構(gòu)dividing these tanks into sections作the transverse vertical plates 的定語，該現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。使用分詞結(jié)構(gòu)做定語能使句子更簡潔。e.g. A little child learning to walk often falls.Paragraph 5Translation 5. 平板龍骨是指船底沿中線從船艏一直延伸到船艉的一行龍骨。甲板相當(dāng)于房屋的地板，是由鋼板建成的平底框架。建在離船底殼3-4英尺間的甲板叫做內(nèi)底或艙頂板，因?yàn)樵谶@兩個(gè)截面的鋼

13、板之間是雙層底艙，該艙用與于盛放燃料、污水壓艙水等。橫向分割這些艙位的橫扳叫做肋板。縱梁是安裝在船的各個(gè)不同部位的大梁或是角鋼來增加承重力。根據(jù)縱梁在船的不同位置，它們可以被稱為舭部縱桁，舷側(cè)縱桁和艙縱肋等。1. partition n. a vertical structure that divides or separates (as a wall divides one room from another)劃分，隔離物 e.g. The key to resolve the problem is elaborate partition for time and manpower. 解決這

14、個(gè)問題的關(guān)鍵是精心劃分時(shí)間和人力。 2. stiffen v. become stiff or stiffer使變硬；使粘稠e.g. The promise of a reward might stiffen their resolve. 答應(yīng)給他們獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)可以堅(jiān)定他們的決心。Paragraph 6Key words and expressions3. port n. a place (seaport or airport) where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country; the left side of a ship or a

15、ircraft to someone who is aboard and facing the bow or nose 港口; (船、飛機(jī)的)左舷e.g. Ships must follow the channel into the port. 船只必須沿航道進(jìn)入港口。 But Hong Kong is different from Taiwan in that it is a free port. 香港與臺灣不同，香港是自由港。 The ship is leaning over to port. 船正向左舷傾斜。Paragraph 6Key words and expressions4. s

16、tarboard n. the right side of a ship or aircraft to someone who is aboard and facing the bow or nose (船、飛機(jī)的)右舷e.g. The ship gave a lurch to starboard. 船突然向右側(cè)傾斜。Paragraph 6Key words and expressionsParagraph 6Translation6. 艙壁是用鋼板鉚接或是焊接在一起并由角鋼、T型鋼等加固而成的大隔板。它們將船從前至后或是從左舷至右舷分割成隔間，這些艙壁也可能穿過兩層甚至更多層的甲板。Para

17、graph 7Key words and expressions1. fasten v. cause to be firmly attached 拴緊, 使固定 e.g. Do not fasten all the windows up while you sleep. 睡覺時(shí)不要將所有的窗戶都關(guān)緊。Paragraph 7Key words and expressions2. extend up to(1) extend v. stretch out over a distance, space, time, or scope; run or extend between two points

18、 or beyond a certain point延伸, 伸展e.g. Our playing fields extend as far as those trees. 我們的操場延伸到那些樹前。(2) up to 直到, 多達(dá)e.g. This hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests. 這旅館可供500位來賓住宿。Paragraph 7Key words and expressions3. serve v. serve a purpose, role, or function 擔(dān)任, 可作 . 用e.g. The large box in his ro

19、om can serve as a desk too. 他房間里的那只大箱子也可以當(dāng)桌子用。 A single example will serve to illustrate the point. 只舉一個(gè)例子就可以把問題說清楚了。Paragraph 7Translation7. 艏是通過船首的底部鑄件被固定在龍骨的最前端并向上突出超過船頭的船體部分。船架是船的肋骨狀的骨架。肋骨形成船的形狀，同時(shí)支撐和加固船殼板。 肋板通過肘板被固定在從船底到肋板的外端以及從頂?shù)郊装宕罅旱奈恢?。Paragraph 8Key words and expressions1. longitudinal adj.

20、of or relating to lines of longitude 經(jīng)線的，縱向的;【船舶學(xué)】(船體等)縱向構(gòu)件，縱桁，縱骨e.g. longitudinal gradient縱向坡度；縱坡2. connection n. the state of being connected 連接e.g. How long will the connection of the telephone take? 接通電話需要多長時(shí)間呢?Paragraph 8Key words and expressions3. foremost adv. prominently forward在最前面e.g. The

21、paintings were placed in the foremost compartment. 這些繪畫作品掛在最前面的那間房子中。 stern foremost 船尾朝前 He does a bit of writing, but first and foremost hes a teacher. 他也寫一些文章，但他主要是個(gè)教師。4. consist of由 . 組成, 構(gòu)成e.g. A week consists of seven days. 一星期由七天組成。Paragraph 8Key words and expressions5. a series of (1) series

22、 n.similar things placed in order or happening one after another（單復(fù)同）系列, 叢書, 連續(xù) e.g. The lecture series falls naturally into three parts. 該系列講座分作三部分。(2) a series of一系列,一連串e.g. Water is channeled through a series of irrigation canals. 把水引入一系列灌溉渠中。Paragraph 8Key words and expressions6. embarkation n.

23、the act of passengers and crew getting aboard a ship or aircraft 乘船, 搭機(jī)e.g. Embarkation will be at 14:20 hours.上船時(shí)間是14:20。embarkation notice乘船通知 embarkation point 登輪地點(diǎn); 乘客碼頭 embarkation area 裝貨區(qū)Paragraph 8Key words and expressions7. disembarkation n. the act of passengers and crew getting off of a s

24、hip or aircraft 下船，下機(jī)e.g. You have to present your passport and disembarkation card to the immigration officer. 您得向移民局官員出示您的護(hù)照及入境旅客登記卡。 port of disembarkation離船港Paragraph 8-9Translation8. 甲板是通過橫梁和大梁來支撐的。橫梁和大梁起著連接和加固的作用。船艉樓甲板和其上的駕駛甲板通過升降口的樓梯連接。艏樓甲板位于船的最前端，裝有船的起錨機(jī)和系船絞車。船的舷梯由臺階和扶手構(gòu)成連接船岸，方便安全地上下船。9. 艉柱是

25、船體最后端的直立構(gòu)件。Part ExercisesSection 1: Comprehension Section 2: VocabularySection 3: Grammar Section 4: Translation 1. What is the after end of the ship called? It is called stern.2. What is the halfway between bow and stern called? It is called amidships.3. What are the three basic requirements of a s

26、hip? The basic requirements of a ship are buoyancy, strength and stability.4. What are usually lettered “A B C D”? Strakes are usually lettered “A B C D”.5.What is the essential material for the ship? Its steel.Section 1: Comprehension1) After riveting is completed, the joints on the shell of a vess

27、el are generally made watertight by caulking. 2) El Abbasa (Sweet Water) Canal extends from River Nile at Cairo to Suez Canal at Ismailia. 3) Most propellers on merchant vessels are constructed of manganese bronze4) In vessel construction, beams are transverse girders which provide support to decks.

28、 5) A vessel is described as a two compartment vessel when it will float if any two adjacent compartments are flooded. 1. Fill in the blankSection 2: Vocabulary6) The shell plating is made up of a great many steel plates fastened together by welding.7) The deck water seal of the inert gas system pre

29、vents the backflow of hydrocarbon gasses into nonhazardous areas. 8) The permanent dunnage attached to the frames of the ship that aids in ventilation is(are) the Sweat battens.9) Strakes are usually lettered A-B-C-D, etc., beginning with the row next to the keel.10) In vessel construction, the garb

30、oard strake is located next to and parallel to the keel. 1. Fill in the blankSection 2: Vocabulary2. suffixesSection 2: VocabularyadjectivesNounsadjectivesVerbsstablestabilitysoft softenable abilityfastenfastenresponsibleresponsibilitywidewidentransferable transferabilitybright brightensensiblesensi

31、bilitylight lighten1) plate, plating a) In vessel construction, beam brackets are triangular plates that join the deck beam to a frame. b) Lighter longitudinal stiffening frames on the vessel side plating are called stringers. 2) weld, weldinga) Before welding can be done in a tank that has carried

32、petroleum products, a certificate must be obtained from a certified gas chemist. b) The welds used to join shell plates in flush construction are known as butt welds.3) cast, castinga) I am ready to cast off tow lineb) A chock is a casting fitted at the side of a weather deck used3. Fill in the blan

33、ksSection 2: VocabularyFrancis Drake grew up in Plymouth, a town on the south coast of England. As a boy he liked to watch the ships in Plymouth harbor. He spoke to old sailors and listened to his cousin Captain Hawkins, who told him stories of his adventures at sea.Hawkins was fond of his young cou

34、sin Francis and took him into his service for several years. Drake was a sailor on Captain Hawkins ship at the age of twenty-five. Drake was made a mate. In 1577 Drake set out on his famous voyage around the world. His first goal was to cross the Atlantic and pass the Straits of Magellan. His little fleet of five vessels set sail in Plymouth in November.PrepositionsSection 3: Grammar1) A vessel using a traffic separation scheme shall avoid anchor