新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)Lesson39(共41張)課件

1、Lesson 39 Am I All Right ?New words and expressions operation n. 手術(shù)successful adj. 成功的following adj. 下一個(gè)patient n. 病人alone adj. 獨(dú)自的exchange n. （電話的）交換臺(tái)inquire v. 詢問(wèn)，打聽(tīng)certain adj. 某個(gè)caller n. 打電話的人relative n. 親戚 operation n手術(shù)1)手術(shù)Later an operation helped her to get back part of her sight .I had an o

2、peration on my heart.operation room 手術(shù)室 operation instruments 手術(shù)器械do an operation on sb. 給某人做手術(shù)2)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)the operation of an old 一臺(tái)舊機(jī)器的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) bring into operation / put into operation 投入運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，實(shí)施operate v1)操作，操縱（機(jī)器等），運(yùn)作，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)operate a machine 操縱一臺(tái)機(jī)器 operate the lift 開(kāi)電梯This sewing machine doesnt operate properly.正確的

3、2)經(jīng)營(yíng)，管理operate a company經(jīng)營(yíng)一家公司The company operate ten factories.3)動(dòng)手術(shù)operate on sb for-為誰(shuí)動(dòng)手術(shù)The surgeon decided to operate on her for appendicitis(盲腸)promptly.這個(gè)外科醫(yī)生決定立刻為她做盲腸手術(shù) successful adj成功的，結(jié)果圓滿的，順利的：（考試）及格的，發(fā)運(yùn)的，功成名就的反義詞：unsuccessfulsuccessful trial 一次成功的嘗試successful candidate當(dāng)選者The performance

4、 was successful 演出十分成功。succeed v. -failsuccess n-failuresuccessful adj. failed felj successfully adv. follow v1)跟隨，跟著A man is running, followed by three dogs.The duckling (小鴨子) followed its mother everywhere.Monday follows Sundays Be slow please. I can t follow you/I can t catch you.2) 沿著follow this

5、 road沿著這條路走3)采納follow one s advice 采納某人的建議follow the crowd隨大流following 1) adj接著的(next in time or in turn)Read the following sentences aloud.He came back the following day.Answer the following questions. in the following year在翌年（在下一年）tomorrow在間接引語(yǔ)中換成the next / the following day2) prep.Following the m

6、eeting, coffee will be served.會(huì)后將招待咖啡。 patient1) n（讓醫(yī)生診治的）病人The hospital has a lot of patients.insane patients精神病人2) adj有耐心的，能忍受的，能容忍的反義詞：impatientbe patient with sb 對(duì)某人有耐心be patient of sth 對(duì)某事有耐心You should be more patient with others. He was patient of hardships.他很能吃苦。A doctor must be patient to hi

7、s patients. If he is impatient to his patients, he will lose his patients because of his impatience.醫(yī)生必須對(duì)病人有耐心，如果他對(duì)病人不耐煩，會(huì)因?yàn)閷?duì)病人的不耐煩而失去病人。 alone1) adj. 獨(dú)自的，單獨(dú)的（不能置于名詞前）He likes being alone His house stands alone on a hill2) adv獨(dú)自地I live alone 我一個(gè)人住。She lives alone in an apartment 3)adv只有，僅僅You can no

8、t live on meat alone. Eat more vegetable.She alone was able to answer the question. exchange1)n，交換，互換，交流，交易Is five apples for five eggs a fair exchange?They made a silent exchange of smile 默默2) n兌換：匯率：交流the exchange of dollars for pounds把美元兌換成英鎊3)n交易所the Stock Exchange證券交易所the stock market 證券交易市場(chǎng)4)

9、n電話交換臺(tái) (telephone exchange)5) vt交換，互換（問(wèn)候等）Mary exchanged seats with John.We only exchanged a few words because we were in a hurry.Ive just bought this tie, but can I exchange it for that one? inquire (enquire) v詢問(wèn)，查詢（比ask正式）inquire sth of sb 向某人詢問(wèn)消息inquire about sb/sth 詢問(wèn)關(guān)于某人某事的消息相當(dāng)于ask for informat

10、ion打聽(tīng)消息He inquired of the policeman the way.I inquired of him whether he would come to the party.Id like to inquire about the trains for London. I want to inquire about a certain patient.inquire sb s name詢問(wèn)某人的名字inquire into 調(diào)查,探究 inquire after 問(wèn)候,詢問(wèn)起 inquire about 詢問(wèn),查問(wèn),打聽(tīng) inquire of 詢問(wèn),打聽(tīng) inquire f

11、or 求見(jiàn),要找 certain1) adj確定的，有把握的，?？膳csure通用They are sure to be late=They are certain to be late. Im sure that theyll be late=l m certain that theyll be lateOne thing is sure; theyll be late. One thing is certain: they ll be late.certain的語(yǔ)氣比sure強(qiáng)，當(dāng)it做主語(yǔ)，只用certain。It is certain that theyll be late.2) adj

12、.(未指明真實(shí)名稱)某一個(gè),(說(shuō)出名稱但不很熟悉的)某一個(gè)，一位姓的人，置于名詞前。A certain Mr. Brown called while you were out.For certain reasons, Ill be absent for the meeting.some修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，表示“某個(gè)”Some man tit the door is asking it see you. for some reason / for a certain reason 由于某種原因。 caller n打電話的人call v1)叫，喊2)call out to sb for sth向某人

13、大聲喊叫He called out to her 他大聲的喊她。call the roll 點(diǎn)名call your name 叫你的名字3)給取名call the baby Sophia 管這個(gè)小孩叫索菲亞call at 拜訪 call on 拜訪（某人）call off 取消The game was called off because of the rain.call box/telephone booth/telephone box公共電話亭 relative1)n親戚，親屬a close relative /a near relative近親a distant relative 遠(yuǎn)親r

14、elation n親戚：關(guān)系Relationship n. 關(guān)系 關(guān)聯(lián) While John Gilbert was in hospital, he asked his doctor to tell him whether his operation had been successful, but the doctor refused to do so. The following day, the patient asked for a bedside telephone. When he was alone, he telephoned the hospital exchange and

15、 asked for Doctor Millington. When the doctor answered the phone, Mr. Gilbert said he was inquiring about a certain patient, a Mr. John Gilbert. He asked if Mr. Gilberts operation had been successful and the doctor told him that it had been. He then asked when Mr. Gilbert would be allowed to go home

16、 and the doctor told him that he would have to stay in hospital for another two weeks. Then Dr. Millington asked the caller if he was a relative of the patient. No, the patient answered, I am Mr. John Gilbert.當(dāng)約翰.吉爾伯特住院的時(shí)候，他問(wèn)醫(yī)生他的手術(shù)是否成功，但醫(yī)生拒絕告訴他。第二天，這位病人要了一部床頭電話。當(dāng)房里只剩他一個(gè)人時(shí)，他掛通了醫(yī)院的交換臺(tái)，要求與米靈頓醫(yī)生講話。當(dāng)這位醫(yī)生

17、接過(guò)電話時(shí)，吉爾伯特先生說(shuō)他想詢問(wèn)一個(gè)病人的情況，是一位名叫約翰.吉爾伯特的先生。他問(wèn)吉爾伯特先生的手術(shù)中否成功，醫(yī)生告訴他手術(shù)很成功。然后他又問(wèn)吉爾伯特先生什么時(shí)候可以回家，醫(yī)生說(shuō)他在醫(yī)院還必須再住上兩個(gè)星期。之后，米靈頓醫(yī)生問(wèn)打電話的人是否是病人的親屬?！安皇牵辈∪嘶卮鹫f(shuō)，“我就是約翰.吉爾伯特先生。”While John Gilbert was in hospital, he asked his doctor to tell him whether his operation had been successful, but the doctor refused to do so.wh

18、ile conj.1)當(dāng)時(shí)候，和同時(shí)，只要He took d bath while I was preparing dinner.準(zhǔn)備飯2)當(dāng)while所引導(dǎo)的從句與主句主語(yǔ)相同，且while從句的動(dòng)詞為be時(shí)，while從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞有時(shí)被省略。He watched TV while he was eating.3)雖然，然而，另一方面I earn only 50 dollars a week, while she earns 80 dollars.我每周只掙50美元而她每周掙80美元。in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在醫(yī)院（表示方位）be at scho

19、ol 在課堂上，在求學(xué) be at the school 在學(xué)校ask sb to do sth 讓某人做某事ask for sth/sb 要求要refuse to do sth 拒絕做某事He refused to help me so 代詞，代替前面的動(dòng)詞不定式 to tell him whetherThe following day, the patient asked for a bedside telephone. when he was alone he telephoned the hospital exchange and asked Tor Doctor Millington

20、.the following day /the next day第二天bedside1)adj.床邊的枕邊的床頭柜bedside table床頭燈bedside lamp2)n床邊when he was alone 相當(dāng)于when he was on his own 當(dāng)他一個(gè)人的時(shí)候When the doctor answered the phone, Mr. Gilbert said he was inquiring about a certain patient, a Mr. John Gilbert.answer the phone 接電話answer a letter 回信answer

21、 a question 回答一個(gè)問(wèn)題answer sb. 回答某人He asked if Mr. Gilberts operation had been successful and the doctor told him that it had been.Was Mr. Gilberts operation successful?他的手術(shù)成功嗎？Yes, it was.將原句轉(zhuǎn)化就成了句中的間接引語(yǔ)了。He then asked when Mr. Gilbert would be allowed to go home and the doctor told him that he would

22、 have to stay in hospital for another two weeks.when引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，還原為直接引語(yǔ)：When will Mr. Gilbert be allowed to go home? he asked.He will have to stay in hospital for another two weeks. the doctor said.would be allowed過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)another1)adj.：另一個(gè)，類似的，別的another two weeks另外兩星期Then Dr. Milling

23、ton asked the caller if he was a relative of the Patient. No. the patient answered, I am Mr. John Gilbert.原句：Then Dr. Millington asked, Are you a relative of the patient?注意，去掉引號(hào)變成間接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)1、人稱的轉(zhuǎn)變 1）直接引語(yǔ)中的第一人稱一般轉(zhuǎn)換為第三人稱如： He said，“I am very sorry.” He said that he was very sorry. 2）直接引語(yǔ)中的第二人稱，如果原話

24、是針對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)述人說(shuō)的，轉(zhuǎn)換為第一人稱如： “You should be more careful next time,” my father told me. My father told me that I should be more careful the next time. 3）直接引語(yǔ)中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對(duì)第三人稱說(shuō)的，轉(zhuǎn)換成第三人稱。如： She said to her son, “Ill check your homework tonight.” She said to her son that she would check his homework that night.

25、 4）人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換包括人稱代詞、物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞等，如： He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon?” He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon. 總之，人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換不是固定的，具體情況，具體對(duì)待，要符合邏輯。 時(shí)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換 直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句（即間接引語(yǔ)部分）的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)

26、態(tài)方面要作相應(yīng)的變化，變成過(guò)去時(shí)范疇的各種時(shí)態(tài)（實(shí)際也是賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)要求），變化如下： 直接引語(yǔ) 間接引語(yǔ) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 3、直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)無(wú)須改變的情況 1）當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)候，如： He always says, “I am tired out.” He always says that he is tired out. 2）當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候，如： He will say, “Ill tr

27、y my best to help you.” He will say that he will try his best to help me. 3）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)部分帶有具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)如： He said, “I went to college in 1994.”He told us that he went to college in 1994 4）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)中有以when, while引導(dǎo)的從句，表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間時(shí)，如： He said，“When I was a child, I usually played football after school.” He said that

28、when he was a child, he usually played football after school. 5）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，如： Our teacher said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.” Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.6）當(dāng)引語(yǔ)是諺語(yǔ)、格言時(shí)，如： He said，“Practice makes perfect.” He said that practice makes perfect. 7）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

29、should, would, could, had better, might, must, used to, need時(shí) 如：She asked, “Must I take the medicine?” She asked if she had to take the medicine. 注：此處用had to代替must更好 ）此外轉(zhuǎn)述中的變化要因?qū)嶋H情況而定，不能機(jī)械照搬，如果當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，here不必改為there, 動(dòng)詞come不必改為go，如果當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述yesterday, tomorrow, this afternoon等均不必改變。4、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)及某些對(duì)比性的指示代詞和動(dòng)詞變

30、化1）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：直接引語(yǔ) （間接引語(yǔ)） now （then）； today (that day）； tomorrow （the next / following day ） next week （the next / following week） yesterday （the day before） two days ago（two days before ） this week/month/year (that week/month/ year) 2）指示代詞：these 變成those 3）地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)：here變成there She said, “I wont come here any

31、more.” She said that she wouldnt go there any more. 4）動(dòng)詞：come變成go，bring變成take5、直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)的變化1）陳述句。用連詞that引導(dǎo)，that在口語(yǔ)中常省略。主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可直用接引語(yǔ)中的said, 也可用told來(lái)代替，注意，可以說(shuō)said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，不可直接說(shuō)told that, 如： He said, “I have been to the Great Wall.” He said to us that he had been to

32、the Great Wall.He said, “Ill give you an examination next Monday.” He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.（不可說(shuō)told that）2）直接引語(yǔ)為一般疑問(wèn)句，（也稱是否疑問(wèn)句，）間接引語(yǔ)用連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)，原主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞said要改為asked（me/him/us等），語(yǔ)序是陳述句的語(yǔ)序，這一點(diǎn)非常重要。如： He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?”

33、He asked（me）whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. 3） 直接引語(yǔ)為選擇疑問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)用whetheror表達(dá)，而不用ifor，也不用eitheror. 如： He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” He asked me whether I spoke English or French. 6）有些含有“建議”、“勸告”的祈使句，可用suggest, insist, offer等動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)述，如： He said, “Lets have a rest.” He suggested our having a rest 7）當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)形式上是疑問(wèn)句，有表示請(qǐng)求，建議意義時(shí)，可用ask sb. to do sth. /suggest doing/advise sb. to do sth. 等形式轉(zhuǎn)述。如： “Would you mind opening the door?” he asked. He asked me to o