高三英語培優(yōu)外刊閱讀學(xué)案：航空話題

1、高三英語培優(yōu)外刊閱讀班級(jí)：學(xué)號(hào)：姓名：外刊精選I NASA計(jì)劃再探金星：那里真的有生命嗎？近日，美國航空航天局（NASA）宣布將啟動(dòng)兩項(xiàng)新任務(wù)，再次展開對(duì)金星的探索。距 離美國上一次探索金星，已經(jīng)過去了 30多年。這顆一度被忽視的星球，為何重新成為了 NASA關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)？這兩項(xiàng)探索任務(wù)的目標(biāo)是什么？New NASA Missions Will Study Venus, a World Overlooked for DecadesBy Kenneth ChangNASA is finally going back to Venus, for the first time in more than

2、 three decades. And a second time too. Bill Nelson, the NASA administrator, announced the agencys latest choices for robotic planetary missions, both expected to head to Venus in the late 2020s: DAVINCI+ and VERITAS.Venus is in many ways a twin of Earth - it is comparable in size, mass and compositi

3、on, and it is the planet whose orbit is the closest to Earths. But the history of the two planets diverged. While Earth is moderate in temperature and largely covered with water, Venus, with a dense atmosphere of carbon dioxide, is a hellishly hot 900 degrees Fahrenheit at the surface.In the past ye

4、ar, a neglected Venus re-entered the planetary limelight after a team of scientists using Earth-based telescopes claimed they had discovered compelling evidence for microbes living in the clouds of Venus today where temperatures remain comfortably warm instead of scorching.DAVINCI+ could conclusivel

5、y confirm the presence of phosphine. Tentatively scheduled for launch in 2029, the spacecraft would make scientific observations during two flybys in 2030. VERITAS, short for Venus Emissivity, Radio Science, InSAR, Topography & Spectroscopy, is to launch about a year before DAVINCI+.【詞匯過關(guān)】請(qǐng)寫出下面文單詞在文

6、章中的中文意思。Emission mi f on n.tudy stA di v.verlook ou vs lu k v.finally fai nsli adv.announce nau ns v.agency , el d onsi n.robotic rou bD ti k adj. parable kD mporobol adj. position , kD mpo zl J on n.lO.orbit ： bi t n.； v.diverge f（ dal v3 ： dj v.moderate mo dorot adj.hellishly hell J li adv.Fahrenh

7、eit faeronhai t n.neglected ni glekti d adj.re-enter ri： ento v.limelight lai mlai t n.18 pelling kom pell rj adj.19.microbe mai krau b n.20.scorching ska ： tf I g adj.conclusively kon klu： si vli adv.phosphine *fD sfi： n n.tentatively tentoti vli adv.flyby flai bai n.emissivity , eml si votl n.topo

8、graphy b pD grofi n.spectroscopy spekftrD skopi n.【詞塊學(xué)習(xí)】請(qǐng)從文章中找到下面中文相對(duì)應(yīng)的文詞塊。.多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以來第一次.根據(jù)預(yù)期，預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)做某事.在很多方面，從很多層面上講.進(jìn)行科學(xué)觀測(cè).無線電科學(xué)拓展練習(xí)閱讀理解Lets go back to VenusPhosphine （磷化氫）in Venus atmosphere could be a sign that life is there. The only way to find out for sure is to go have a look.If Mars were the popu

9、lar kid in school,Venus （金星）would be the nerd sitting in the corner, largely ignored. Despite its image, Venus is the brightest object in the sky after the sun and the moon, its orbit taking it closer to Earth than any other planet in the solar system. It has nearly the same mass and size as Earth,

10、but being closer to our star, it gets nearly twice as much heat from the sun.However, instead of having a climate that is just a warmer version of Earths, Venus surface and atmosphere are hellish: clouds of sulphuric （含硫的）acid blanket the planet while at ground level it is hot enough to melt lead. D

11、espite this, there is now a sign that Venus may harbour life.Jane Greaves at Cardiff University, UK and her colleagues recently detected phosphine in Venus, atmosphere, with one potential explanation that it is the by-product of biology. That is because the only way this gas is made on Earth is in l

12、aboratories or by microbes. Though this doesnt mean it was produced by life on Venus, attempts to find nonbiological explanations fbr its presence have so far fallen short.Our best hope for confirming or rejecting the possibility of life on Venus is to go and have a proper look. During the cold war,

13、 the USSR sent more than a dozen missions to Venus, including several landers and a pair of balloons, but these ended well before the dawn of the 1990s. Likewise, NASA hasnt launched a mission dedicated to Venus since the late 1980s. Whafs more no US mission has plumbed the depths of its atmosphere

14、and probed its surface since the Pioneer Venus missions that departed Earth in the 1970s.Other countries have had more recent efforts: the European Space Agencys Venus Express orbited the planet throughout the late 2000s and early 2010s, while Japans Akatsuki orbiter is exploring Venus right now. Bu

15、t these missions were ill-equipped for detecting phosphine or life.While Mars has been the focus of interplanetary （太陽系內(nèi)的）exploration efforts of late, with some space agencies focusing on landing more craft and even people on its surface, the phosphine discovery has people looking at Venus in a new

16、light. As NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine tweeted:Its time to prioritize Venus.”In the months and years to come, computer simulations （模擬）will be used to further study the possible chemistries of the atmosphere on Venus. More observations will be made （and the old ones reanalysed） and laboratory

17、experiments will be conducted to try to identify other ways the phosphine there could be produced. However, there is no guarantee that these efforts will reveal the true nature of this substance on Venus.A new mission to directly sample the atmosphere and surface would be a watershed moment in plane

18、tary science. It need not only look for signs of life, but also answer some of our many questions about Venus, such as why it became so different to Earth and whether it was once habitable.Some options to do this already exist. There are two NASA missions currently vying for approval. India aims to

19、send an orbiter to Venus in 2023 and private company RocketLab also has plans to visit in that year, hopefully with a probe passing through the planefs atmosphere.The discovery of phosphine in Venus atmosphere is a great accomplishment. The scientific endeavour it has set in motion is as if a sleepi

20、ng giant has awakened and it may be just what we need to finally refocus on this neglected world. The quiet kid in the comer may yet have the last laugh.Venus is compared to the nerd sitting in the corner because.A.ifs the brightest object in the sky after the sun and the moonB.its mass and size sha

21、pe its image as a quiet and neglected kidC.Its orbit takes it close to Earth and the sun in the solar systemD.it has been neglected in recent interplanetary exploration efforts.Which of the following descriptions is true about the climate in Venus?A.Its hell-like climate rules out the possibility th

22、at there may be life on Venus.Bits enveloped in clouds of sulphuric acid and its surface is hot enough to melt lead.C.It has nearly the same mass and size as Earth and is closer to Earth than any other planet.Getting about twice as much heat from the sun, its climate is a warmer version of Earths.Th

23、e exploratory efforts in paragraphs 4 and 5 are intended to illustrate that.A.the phosphine discovery has shed new light on VenusB.Mars has been the focus of interplanetary exploration efforts of lateC.Our best hope for confirming the possibility of life on Venus is to have a lookD.Previous missions

24、 to Venus have hardly borne significant scientific or biological results 4.According to the passage, what is the significance of the discovery of the phosphine on Venus to planetary science?A.It has called upon scientists to refocus on Venus.B.It gives a clue as to how to make phosphine out of labs

25、on Earth.C.It has cleared away the doubt regarding whether Venus may habour life.D.it has overturned scientists5 previous perception of how Venus atmosphere was formed.外刊精選答案【詞匯過關(guān)】請(qǐng)寫出下面文單詞在文章中的中文意思。Emission ml J on n.任務(wù)， 使命.study stA di v.研究、探究.overlook （ ou vo lu k v.忽視；忽略,沒注意到.finally fai noli adv

26、.最后；終于.announce o nau ns v.（尤指公開地）宣布，宣告，通告.agency ei onsi n.政府專門機(jī)構(gòu);政府內(nèi)的局，部，處.robotic rau bD ti k adj.機(jī)器人的；機(jī)器人似的 parable ko mparobol adj.類似的，相當(dāng)?shù)?，可比?position （ kD mpo zi J an n.成分； 構(gòu)成； 結(jié)構(gòu)lO.orbit , ： bi t n.軌道；v.繞軌道運(yùn)行.di verge , dal v3 ： v.（道路）分叉；發(fā)生分歧；出現(xiàn)差異.moderate mD darot adj.適中的，溫和的.hellishly hell f li adv.極端地;極度令人討厭地.Fahrenheit faeranhai t n,華氏溫度.neglected m glekti d adj.被疏忽的，被忽視的;被疏于照顧的.re-enter ri： ento v.重新進(jìn)入；重新開始.1imelight lai mlai t n.公眾關(guān)注18 pelling km pell g adj.令人信服的，很有說服力的19.microbe mai kroub n.微生物;（尤指致病的）細(xì)菌20.scorching ska : tf I g adj.灼熱的；極熱的.conclusively kn, klu： si