高一英語同步精品課件：Module 5 Newspapers and Magazines -Reading and Vocabulary （外研版必修2）（ 2013高考）

1、1orbit1)n.軌道；勢力范圍The spacecraft is in orbit round the moon.該航天器在繞月球軌道上飛行。2)vt.&.vi. 繞軌道而行；進入軌道；盤旋The spaceship orbited the moon.宇宙飛船繞月球運行。知識拓展make an orbit of. 圍繞轉(zhuǎn)圈The bees made many orbits of the flowers.那些蜜蜂圍繞花朵飛了許多圈。The little child is learning to make an orbit of her mother.那個小孩在學(xué)著圍著她媽媽轉(zhuǎn)圈。go int

2、o orbit 進入軌道；到達極點Prices have gone into orbit this year.今年物價漲到了極點。即學(xué)即用他們把一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星送入了軌道。_答案：They put a manmade earth satellite into orbit.2flight n. 飛行；飛翔；航空旅行；班Mr.Smiths job is to study the flight of birds.史密斯先生的工作就是研究鳥的飛翔。Did you have a good flight?乘機旅行愉快嗎？The (airplane) flight took three hours and

3、landed at the airport.飛機飛行了三個小時后降落在機場。He hurried to catch Flight Number CA933 to Paris.他急忙去趕飛往巴黎的CA933次班機。知識拓展flight n. C一段樓梯。There was no lift and we had to climb six flights of stairs.沒有電梯，我們得爬六段樓梯。即學(xué)即用He made the first nonstop _ across the Atlantic.AflyBflightCtrip Dtravel答案：B3success是名詞，作“成功解時，是

4、不可數(shù)名詞，但也可作可數(shù)名詞，意為“成功者；成功的事 。There is more than one way to success.通往成功之路不止一條。Failure is the mother of success.失敗乃成功之母。Of her plays, three were successes and one was a failure.她的劇作中有三部成功，一部失敗。As a writer, he is a success.作為作家，他是一位成功者。知識拓展succeed v. 成功successful adj. 成功的successfully adv. 成功地即學(xué)即用The En

5、glish play in which my students acted at the New Years party was _.Agreat success Bgreat successesCa great success Dgreat successful答案：C4sailor n. C 船員，水手The sailors and the passengers stood on the deck.船員和乘客都站在甲板上。Her father was a sailor when he was young.她父親年輕時是個水手。sailor與seaman常通用，只有以下用法不同：譯He is

6、 a bad/good sailor.誤他是一個壞/好水手。正他(不)暈船。知識拓展sail v. 航行，啟航 n. sing.航行；C帆We sailed across the Atlantic in five days.我們用5天的時間乘船橫渡大西洋。The ship sailed for/to Europe.這艘船駛往歐洲。Lets go for a sail across the harbor.我們乘船游港吧。The captain ordered the sailors to hoist/lower the sails.船長命令水手升/降帆。搭配set sail起航We set sa

7、il for France at high tide.我們在漲潮時起航去法國。5congratulation n. 祝賀，恭喜；賀詞congratulation常用作名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，意為“祝賀。I should offer my congratulations on her success.我應(yīng)當(dāng)對她的成功表示祝賀。Its your birthday today. Congratulations!今天是你的生日，恭喜，恭喜！知識拓展congratulate1)祝賀；恭喜；后接介詞onI congratulate you on your great discovery.我祝賀你的偉大發(fā)現(xiàn)。2)(后

8、接oneself)自我慶幸He congratulated himself on having survived the aircrash.他慶幸自己在空難中幸免于難。詞語辨析：congratulate, celebratecongratulate表示“祝賀；如祝賀生日，事業(yè)取得成功及其他值得祝賀的事。其后不直接用表示祝賀內(nèi)容的名詞作賓語。須用congratulate sb. on sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。Allow me to congratulate you on your brilliant performance.請允許我祝賀你這光輝的成就。celebrate表示“慶祝；常指舉行盛大隆重儀式的慶

9、?；蚣o念有意義的日子或時刻，如舉行晚會，張燈結(jié)彩等，可直接跟節(jié)日、勝利、成功等名詞作賓語。They held a party to celebrate his birthday.他們舉行聚會慶祝他的生日。高考直擊(2021山東)John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.Oh，_！Acheer up Bwell doneCgo ahead Dcongratulations解析：此題考查交際用語。根據(jù)題意可知這兒應(yīng)用一個表示祝賀的詞(短語)。應(yīng)選D。答案：D即學(xué)即用I must congratulat

10、e you _the excellent design of the new bridge.Awith BatCon Dof答案：C6including prep.including可以看作介詞，也可看作現(xiàn)在分詞，意為“包括在內(nèi)。At least 20 passengers were injured, including 2 drivers.至少有二十名乘客受傷 ，包括兩名司機。注意：including與邏輯主語(被其解釋說明的局部)之間是主謂關(guān)系，表示主動含義；過去分詞included與邏輯主語(其前名詞或代詞)之間是動賓關(guān)系，表示被動含義。We bought some extra offi

11、ce equipment, including some new desks and a computer.我們額外買了一些辦公室設(shè)備，包括一些新辦公桌和一臺電腦。All of us, me included, were surprised at the news.全體人，包括我在內(nèi)，聽到那個消息都感到吃驚。知識拓展include vt. 包含；包括I think youll find the plan includes most of your suggestions.我想你將會看到該方案包含有你的多數(shù)建議。詞語辨析：contain, hold, include1)contain vt.意為

12、“包含；含有；容納；著重指其中所容納或裝有的量，或?qū)嶋H上包含的成分或成分的一局部，也可指較大的物體或容器裝著彼此無關(guān)的東西，可以是包含全部或局部。The water in the lake contains salt.這個湖的湖水中含有鹽分。2)hold vt.意為“(容器)可裝(容量)；可容納；著重指能夠容納的最大限量或有能力容納。This theatre can hold a thousand people.這個劇院能夠容納一千人。3)include vt.意為“包括；包含；多指包含局部，整體中包含明確地說出的某些局部，有時并不定一列舉出包含的全部內(nèi)容，即該物是另一物的一局部。The li

13、st included certain foods children like to eat.這張單子包括了一些兒童喜歡吃的食品。高考直擊(2021全國)Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it_.Acollected BcontainedCloaded Dsaved解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。collected “收集；contained“包含；包括；loaded“把裝上車/船等；saved“拯救；節(jié)省。由句意可知B正確。答案：B即學(xué)即用(2021合肥月考)In almost every supermarket its easy fo

14、r us to find carrots _a lot of vitamins, which are good for our health.Aholding BkeepingCincluding Dcontaining答案：D7welcomeWelcome to our school.歡送來到我們學(xué)校。They were warmly welcomed.他們受到了熱烈的歡送。Its a pleasure to welcome you to our home.很快樂歡送您光臨寒舍。They welcomed the enw volunteers with open arms.他們熱烈歡送這些新

15、的志愿者。知識拓展welcome in/into. 歡送進來welcome with 以歡送be welcome to 歡送/可隨意使用(吃等)welcome to 歡送來Youre welcome.不用謝/沒關(guān)系。高考直擊(2021北京)I feel greatly honored_into their society.Ato welcome BwelcomingCto be welcomed Dwelcomed解析：此題考查了動詞不定式作狀語表示原因的用法。句意為“被歡送參加他們社團，我感到非常榮幸。其中I和welcome構(gòu)成了動賓關(guān)系，故用不定式的被動形式。答案：C即學(xué)即用We were

16、 _at the door by the children.Awelcomed Bto be welcomedCwelcoming Dwelcome答案：A8historical adj. 歷史的；有關(guān)歷史的；歷史題材的Mr Thompson gave all the historical papers of his grandfather to the public library according to his grandfathers will.湯普森先生按照他祖父的遺囑將他祖父所有關(guān)于歷史學(xué)的論文都贈給了公共圖書館。I like to see a historical drama w

17、hich can give me much thinking.我喜歡看歷史劇，它能讓我思考很多。知識拓展history n. 歷史historic adj. 有歷史意義的；歷史性的詞語辨析：historic, historical1)historic意為“歷史性的；歷史上著名的；有歷史意義的；一般指歷史上值得紀念或為大家所知曉的重大歷史事件或地點；也可指史書上曾記載的事件、人物、地點，這時可與historical互換使用。Waterloo is a historic battlefield.滑鐵盧是歷史上著名的戰(zhàn)場。2)historical意為“歷史的；歷史學(xué)的；與歷史有關(guān)的；一般指與歷史有關(guān)

18、或有史可查的歷史事件、人物或地點。The Second World War is a big historical event.第二次世界大戰(zhàn)是一個重大歷史事件。即學(xué)即用漢譯英歷史名城_古跡_歷史事件_歷史人物_答案：a historic citya historic spota historical eventa historical personage1take off1)(飛機)起飛The plane from Shanghai to Beijing takes off at 9 am.從上海到北京的飛機上午九點起飛。2)脫下(衣服等)，解(拿)掉Take your coat off a

19、nd sit down!脫掉外套坐下來！3)匆匆離開She took off for home immediately term ended.學(xué)期一結(jié)束，她就匆匆趕回家了。4)取消；停止(使用)The show had to be taken off because of poor audiences.因觀眾太少演出不得不被取消了。5)拿掉Would you mind taking your foot off my hand?你踩著我的手了，請你把腳抬一下好嗎？6)突然大受歡送；迅速流行Her singing career took off after the TV oppearance.她在

20、電視上亮相后，歌唱事業(yè)迅速走紅。知識拓展take after 與相像take down 記下；寫下take for 認為；以為take in 接受；容納；領(lǐng)會；理解；欺騙(多用于被動)take on 呈現(xiàn)；具有；裝出；接納；接受；承擔(dān)；從事take over 接管，接受(尤指從他人手中接手掌管或接收)take up 占去；占據(jù)；開始從事；拿起；撿起即學(xué)即用(2021安徽)We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all_.Agiven away Bkept awayCtaken up Dused up答案：C2thousands and/

21、upon thousands of億萬的；形容的數(shù)目比thousands of“數(shù)千的，成千上萬的還要大，作定語，修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)。Thousands and thousands of visitors come to the Great Wall every year.每年都有無數(shù)的游客來游覽長城。There are thousands of books in the library.這個圖書館里藏書數(shù)千冊。知識拓展hundreds of數(shù)以百計的tens of thousands of 數(shù)萬的hundreds of millions of 億萬的即學(xué)即用My parents will move

22、 back into town in a year or _.Alater BafterCso Dabout答案：C1While he was travelling in space, Yang spoke to two astronauts aboard the International Space Station, which is orbiting the earth, American astronaut Edward Lu and Russian cosmonaut Yuri Malenchenko.楊利偉在太空航行期間，與環(huán)繞地球運行的空間站的兩位宇航員進行了對話，一位是美國的宇

23、航員愛德華盧，另一位是俄羅斯的宇航員尤里馬林年科。1)while引導(dǎo)的是時間狀語從句。2)aboard the International Space Station是介詞短語作定語修飾two astronauts.3)which is orbiting the earth是非限制性定語從句，修飾the International Space Station。4)American astronaut Edward Lu and Russian cosmonaut Yuri Malenchenko為two astronauts的同位語，起進一步解釋說明的作用，同位語通常放在被解釋的詞后面，但此句

24、的同位語置于句末。知識拓展當(dāng)兩個表示同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置，一個句子成分被用來說明或解釋另一個句子成分時，前者就叫作后者的同位語(appositive)。這兩個句子成分多由名詞或代詞擔(dān)任。同位語通常在其所說明的名詞或代詞之后。名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、of短語以及從句(即同位語從句)都可作同位語。This is Mr.Zhou, director of our hospital.這是我們醫(yī)院的院長周先生。Then we three, Lao Zhang, Lao Yang and myself, began to get things ready for the trip.接著

25、老張、老楊和我三個人就開始為這次出門做準備工作。Qinghai Lake, the largest inland body of salt water in China, lies 3,198 metres above sea level.我國最大的內(nèi)陸咸水湖青海湖，海拔3,198米。I gave an apple to them each.我給了他們每人一個蘋果。You may leave it to us two.你可以把這事交給我們兩個人。即學(xué)即用My most famous relative of all, _who really left his mark on America, w

26、as Rob Sussel, my greatgrandfather.Aone Bthe oneChe Dsomeone答案：B2Lu, whose parents were born in China, spoke to Yang in Chinese during his flight.愛德華盧的父母出生在中國，他用中文與飛行中的楊利偉交談。whose引導(dǎo)的從句作非限制性定語從句修飾Lu。Do you know the man whose house was burned down?你認識房子被燒毀的那個人嗎？We live in a room whose windows face the

27、 river.我們住在一個窗戶朝著河的房間里。注意：(1)關(guān)系代詞whose之后不能用冠詞。如上面句不可說Do you know the man whose the house was burned down?(2)在非限制性定語從句中，whose指物時，可用of which來代替。We had a sentence, the meaning of which/whose meaning was completely beyond us.我們遇到了一個句子，它的意思我們完全弄不懂。高考直擊(2021北京27) Children who are not active or _ diet is h

28、igh in fat will gain weight quickly.A. what B. whose C. which D. that解析：此題考查定語從句關(guān)系副詞的選擇。句意：不愛運動或者飲食熱量偏高的孩子們會很快發(fā)胖。較簡單。本定語從句不缺成分，為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，因此只能在考慮填關(guān)系副詞。A中的What不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。選B. whose誰的，符合題意。答案：B即學(xué)即用(2021陜西)The man pulled out a gold watch, _were made of small diamonds.Athe hands of whomBwhom the hands ofCwhich the h