新編金融英語教程第十二章課件

1、Commercial BanksChapter 12Lead-inLanguage NotesKey PointsFollow-up Tasks12.112.312.212.4CONTENTSExtended Tasks12.512.1Lead-inThis chapter will first of all examine various aspects of commercial banks, including their definition, scale, structure, and composition. Then it will introduce the working m

2、echanism in which a commercial bank creates money and makes money. Finally, it will introduce the regulations of commercial banks in the USA.Commercial banks are financial institutions, which aim at making profits, raising funds with various financial liabilities, dealing with various financial asse

3、ts, and providing credit services. General commercial banks do not have the right to issue currency. 12.2 Key Points12.2.1 Definition of Commercial Banks12.2 Key Points12.2.2 Size, Structure and Composition of the Banking IndustrySmall banks are often focused on the retail side of the business makin

4、g loans to consumers and small companies or accepting deposits from them. By contrast, large banks, which are engaged in both retail and wholesale businesses, are often concentrated on the wholesale side of the business.In addition, large banks tend to pay higher salaries and invest more in building

5、s and premises than small banks do. They also tend to diversify their business and services resulting in more non-interest incomes. 12.2 Key Points12.2.3 Working Mechanism of Commercial BanksIn a fractional reserve banking system, commercial banks are permitted to create money by allowing multiple c

6、laims to assets on deposit. Banks create credit that did not previously exist when they make loans. This is sometimes called the money multiplier effect. There is a limit to the amount of credit lending institutions can create this way. Banks are legally required to keep a certain minimum percentage

7、 of all deposit claims as liquid cash. This is called the reserve ratio.12.2 Key Points12.2.4 Regulations in the U.S.A. Federal Deposit Insurance CorporationOffice of the Comptroller of the Currency Federal Reserve System State AuthoritiesU.S. banks may be subject to the supervision and regulations

8、of four separate regulators.charter t:t(r) 特許權(quán) retail ri:tel 零售claim klem 請求權(quán) evenue revnju: 收入equity ekwti 權(quán)益 vaultv:lt 保險庫exponentially 指數(shù)地 wholesale hlsel 批發(fā)fractionalfrknl 部分的liquid lkwd 流動的liquidator lkwdet(r) 清算者spread spred 價差receiver rsi:v(r) 接收者redemption rdempn 贖回regulate regjulet 監(jiān)管12.3 L

9、anguage NotesI. Wordsattract deposits bank run bills discounting certificates of deposit (CDs) checkingaccount commercial bankingcore capitalcredit unions derivative securities equity capital financial assets12.3 Language NotesII. Phrases financial institutionfinancial liabilitiesFederal Deposit Ins

10、urance Corporation (FDIC) Federal Reserve System (FRS) fractional reserve insurance premiums issue currency letters of credit loan commitments nit of account計量單位make loans middle business money multiplier effect mortgage loans mutual funds net interest income non-interest incomes off-balance-sheet a

11、ssets originationfee 12.3 Language NotesII. Phrases parent holding companiesreserveratioreturn on asset (ROA) return on equity (ROE) savings accounts savings institutions state-chartered supervisory authorities US Treasury nit of account計量單位1. However, as efforts were made to eliminate the barriers

12、to regional competition and expansion in the banking industry in the early and mid-2000s, the largest banks generally raised their return on equity (ROE) and return on asset (ROA) relative to small banks. 2. In addition, when an insured bank is closed, the FDIC acts as the receiver and liquidator, a

13、lthough the closure decision itself is technically made by the banks chartering or licensing agency.3. When too many depositors demand redemption of their cash titles, a bank run occurs. This is precisely what happened during the bank panic of 1907 and in the 1930s.12.3 Language NotesIII. Sentences

14、4. The amount of money earned by a commercial bank is determined by the spread between the interest it pays on deposits and the interest it earns on loans, which is known as net interest income.5. Because the holding companys management can influence decisions made by its subsidiary bank and it will

15、 affect its risk exposure, the FRS regulates and examines bank holding companies as well as the banks themselves.12.3 Language NotesIII. Sentences 12.4 Follow-up TasksI. MatchingDirections: Match the English words and phrases in the left column with the proper Chinese equivalents in the right column

16、. ( )1. business formationA. 國家銀行( )2. commercial banksB. 地方銀行( )3. deposit interest C. 州政府監(jiān)管的( )4. national bank D. 并購申請( )5. investment institutionsE. 商業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)( )6. nationally chartered F. 商業(yè)銀行( )7. loan interest G. 存款利息( )8. merger applications H. 貸款利息( )9. regional bank I. 國家監(jiān)管的( )10. state-chartere

17、d J. 投資機構(gòu)12.4 Follow-up TasksII. JudgmentsDirections: Decide whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). 1.Commercial banks are not savings institutions, but investment institutions. ( )2.Bank size plays an important role in the business activities and financial performance of

18、 commercial banks. ( )3.Large commercial banks are more capitalized than small ones. ( )4.The U.S. Treasury is the oldest bank regulatory agency in the United States. ( )5.Since 1980, all the U.S. banks must meet the same non-interest-bearing reserve requirements. ( )12.4 Follow-up TasksIII. Short A

19、nswer Questions Directions: Answer each of the following questions briefly.1. What are the purposes of commercial banks?2. What are the business scopes of commercial banks?3. What are differences between small and big banks in terms of business scopes?4. How does a commercial bank create money and m

20、ake money?5. What benefits can an American bank enjoy when it becomes a member of the Federal Reserve System?12.4 Follow-up TasksIV. Translation Directions: Translate the following Chinese paragraph into English.商業(yè)銀行是一個以營利為目的，以多種金融負債籌集資金，多種金融資產(chǎn)為經(jīng)營對象，具有信用創(chuàng)造功能的金融機構(gòu)。一般的商業(yè)銀行沒有貨幣的發(fā)行權(quán)。傳統(tǒng)的商業(yè)銀行的業(yè)務主要集中在經(jīng)營存款和貸款（放款）業(yè)務，即以較低的利率借入存款，以較高的利率放出貸款，存貸款之間的利差就是商業(yè)銀行的主要利潤。商業(yè)銀行的主要業(yè)務范圍包括吸收公眾、企業(yè)及機構(gòu)的存款、發(fā)放貸款、票據(jù)貼現(xiàn)及中間業(yè)務等。商業(yè)銀行只是儲蓄機構(gòu)，不是投資機構(gòu)。Money talks. English proverbA bank is a place where they lend you an umbrella i