西城區(qū)2020屆高三一模英語(yǔ)試題

1、北京市西城區(qū)2020年4月高三英語(yǔ)第 頁(yè)（共11頁(yè)）西城區(qū)高三統(tǒng)一測(cè)試英語(yǔ)2020.4本試卷共11頁(yè)，120分?？荚嚂r(shí)長(zhǎng)100分鐘。考生務(wù)必將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，在試卷 上作答無(wú)效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，45分)第一節(jié) 語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AThe International Day of Families, which was started by the United Nations in 1993

2、,1 (hold) on May 15 every year. The day celebrates the 2 (important) of families. It aims to deepen people s understandoigpssues3 are related to families. With a different theme eachyear, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organized at local, national and international 4 (level

3、).BFor thousands of years, people have been trying to predict the weather. In China during the Shang Dynasty, people 5 (record) weather forecasts on animal bones and tortoise shells. Centuries later, 6 Greece, the philosopher, Aristotle wrote his theories about how weather conditions formed. Weather

4、 forecasting advanced over time, with more and more instruments used to measure temperature, humidity and air pressure. Today, satellite data and computer technology help scientists predict the weather more precise).CLast year, China started testing 5G mobile networks in several cities. The Hongkou

5、Districtof Shanghai was the first to operate a 5G network. To test the network, Wu Qing, vice mayor of Shanghai, made a phone calL8 (use) a Huawei MateX, Huawei first 5G smartphone. According to The Telegraph, 5 G is the innovation that9 (shape) all our lives for years to come. Itis 10 (fast) and mo

6、re stable than 4G, the previous generation of cellular 降窩的)network technology.第二節(jié) 完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B C D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。It was late, about 10:15 p.m., when Janice Esposito arrived at the Bellport train station; she jumped into her Honda Odyssey and began the 20-m

7、inute drive home to her husband and sevenyear-old son. She d justeturned from visiting her mother and had traveled the route many times before. She practically 11 on autopilot: a left onto Station Road, then a left on Montauk Highway, and then wham! Out of nowhere a car T- boned Esposito misivan, 12

8、 her to move backward some 100 feet onto the railroad tracks. She 13 in the minivan, bruised （撞 傷 ）but mostly just knocked out by the 14 and the airbags.As it happened, Pete DiPinto was getting ready for 15. He d just closed his book andwas getting under the covers when he heard the sound of metal o

9、n metal and breaking glass coming from not far outside his bedroom window. A volunteer 16 and retired teacher, DiPinto, 64, never 17 to think. He grabbed a flashlight and, still dressed in his pajamas （ 睡衣）,ran out the door.Arfyefighter would have done what I did , “he told Newsday. Wdalways on18 .

10、”The first car he came upon, 2,000 feet from his front yard, was the one that had 19 Esposito. Once DiPinto concluded the driver was OK, he looked around and 20 Esposito s minivan positioned on the the railroad tracks. And then he heard a terrible sound: the bells signaling an oncoming 21.“Thegates

11、were starting to come down, “he told Newsday. I seeie headlight of the train. ” DiPinto ran quickly to Esposito msnivan and knocked on the driver s window. She 22 looked at him, her eyes unfocused.I don t know where I am, she said. She seemed unhurt.“Honey, you re on the railroad , “ DiPinto shouted

12、 .We have to get you off right now! ”He pulled hard on the 24 , but the door was crashed in and 25. The heavy diesel train, travelingat 65 miles per hour, was moving fast toward them. DiPinto ran to the passenger side and threw open the 26.“Please, don t let her7be , “ tteought. He pushed aside the

13、deflating（癟了 的）airbags, grabbed Esposito s_armshian doward him across the passenger seat until he could help her out and quickly get her to 29 behind a signal box a few feet away. Withinsix seconds, he estimated, the train crashed into the minivan.It was like a Hollywood movie,DiPinto told reporters

14、 the next day.But this one had a twist. Last night, South Country Ambulance chief Greg Miglino toldCBS New York, “ t30 arrived in pajamas, not in a fire truck.”北京市西城區(qū)2020年4月高三英語(yǔ)第 頁(yè)（共11頁(yè)）北京市西城區(qū)2020 年 4 月高三英語(yǔ) 第 頁(yè)（共 11 頁(yè)）11. A. droveB. walkedC. rodeD. hiked12. A. allowingB. forcingC. orderingD. remindi

15、ng13. A. satB. stoodC. hidD. waited14. A. actionB. noiseC. impactD. bomb15. A. classB. workC. dinnerD. bed16. A. doctorB. driverC. firefighterD. engineer17 A. stoppedB. troubledC. intendedD. wanted18. A. dutyB. timeC. targetD. schedule19. A. warnedB. caughtC. hitD. followed20. A. observedB. spottedC

16、. realizedD. predicted21. A. trainB. truckC. carD. ambulance22. A. yetB. justC. stillD. even23. A. yardsB. stationsC. bridgesD. tracks24. A. beltB. keyC. bellD. handle25. A. unlockedB. jammedC. openD. gone26. A. bagB. doorC. bookD. box27. A. scaredB. ignoredC. trappedD. defeated28. A. carriedB. rush

17、edC. guidedD. pulled29. A. returnB. workC. safetyD. life30. A. policeB. actorC. reporterD. hero第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)， 40 分）第一節(jié)（共 15 小題；每小題 2 分，共 30 分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A 、 B、 C、 D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上 將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWhat it doesThe self-cleaning door handle is combining with advanced photocatalytic （ 光 催 化 ） and blackli

18、ght technology. A light source activates the door s handle coating, telling it to startcleaning. It can minimize the risk of infection by contact and improve the cleanliness of a space.How it worksThe working principle of the product is that a thin advanced photocatalytic coating can effectively dec

19、ompose bacteria （ 細(xì) 菌 ） on the surface of a substance. A consistent UV light source inside a transparent glass door handle is required to activate the door s handle coating on the outer surface for disinfection, so a generator is used to provide electricity to light up a UV LED lamp by the motion of

20、 an opening and closing door. Then, the door handle can clean by itself. Design processWe made the first version by using stainless steel. However, it caused the door handle to be heavier. Then, we tried aluminum, which made it light and easy to fix. We also improved the generator output which effec

21、tively turned energy from door movement into a light source.How it is differentOur innovative design is simple, effective, and attractive. It has an elegant smooth shape, and its minimalist appearance stands out in today world of inventions. Nowadays, people use chemical cleaning materials to clean

22、up public areas but it harms the human body. Our design can be used for a long time and is effective. It can self-clean after each use. In the door lock and door handle market, it is a unique design because there are no similar products.Future plansIn the future, we will commercialize the product an

23、d hope that it can compete on the market with similar products. We are going to connect with public properties, for example, shopping malls, hotels, hospitals and public restrooms, where the risk of spreading infection is higher.AwardsIn addition to winning the James Dyson Award, it has also receive

24、d the Gold Award, and in 2016, it was featured in the 44 th International Geneva Inventions Exhibition.How does the self-cleaning door handle function?It controls the door movement automatically.It minimizes the risk of infection by less contact.Chemical cleaning materials are used to clean it up.Th

25、e light source tells the door handle coating to clean itself.Compared with the first version of the product, the present one isA. safer and cheaperB. cleaner and easierC. less heavy and more effectiveD. more attractive and expensiveWhat do we know about the new invention according to the passage?It

26、has been widely used in public areas.It has received recognition for its innovation.It is quite competitive among similar products.It will replace traditional chemical cleaning materials.This little South American Magellanic penguin swims 5,000 miles, to a beach in Brazil, every year in order to be

27、reunited with the man who saved its life. It sounds like something out of a fairy tale, but it s true!71-year-old retired brick worker Joao, who lives in anisland village just outside Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, found the small Magellanic penguin lying on rocks at his local beach in 2011. The penguin wa

28、s covered in oil and running out of time fast. Joao rescued the penguin, naming it Din, cleaned the oil off its feathers and fed him a daily diet of fish to rebuild its strength. After a week of recovery, Joao attempted to release the penguin back into the wild. However, Din had already formed a fam

29、ily bond with his rescuer and wouldn leave. t“He stayed with me for 11 months and then, just after he changed his coat with new feathers, he disappeared, Joao recalls. I love the penguin like it s my own child and I believe the pengloves me, “ Joao told Globo TV. No one else is allowed to touch him.

30、 He)phcks (f they do. He lies on my lap, lets me give him showers, and allows me to feed him.”P(pán)rofessor Krajewski, a biologist who interviewed the fisherman for Globo TV, told The Independent: I have never seen anything like this before. I think the penguin believes Joao is part of his family and pr

31、obably a penguin as well.”However, environmentalists warn that, while hundreds of the Magellanic species are known to naturally migrate (遷徙)thousands of miles north in search of food, there has been a worrying rise in the phenomenon of oceanic creatures washing up on Brazil s beaches. Professor Davi

32、d Zeefrom Rio de Janeiro s State University, said the increase is due in part to global climatic changes.Professor Zee added that sea animals face increased danger from leaked tanker oil.Luckily the ending for Joao and Din has been a happy one, even though it is illegal in Brazil to keep wild animal

33、s as pets.Professor Krajewski said: Professionals who work with animals try to avoid relationships like this occurring so they are able to reintroduce the animal into the wild. But in this single case the authorities allowed Din to stay with Joao because of his kindness.Every year Din swims a long d

34、istance to a beach in Brazil to .A. avoid being killedB. meet his rescuerC. escape from ocean currentsD. find much more fishWhen Din was found in 2011, .A. he was dyingB. he was running on the beachC. he was resting on a rockD. he was cleaning oil off his feathersWhat can we learn about Joao from th

35、e passage?He is not allowed to keep the penguin as a pet by the authorities.He overprotects the penguin by keeping him away from others.His contact with the penguin is encouraged by professionals.His kindness wins the penguin trust. s 37. The story in the passage mainly shows.the environmental impac

36、t on wildlifethe love between humans and wildlifethe tendency of wildlife to bond with humansthe protection of threatened wildlife by mankindCStore owners have been inventing new tricks to get consumers into their stores and purchasing their goods. Even as we find new strategies to resist, neuroscie

37、ntists （ 神經(jīng)科學(xué)家 ）are employed at marketing agencies across the country to best figure out what is going through a consumer brain at each point in the decision process.We consumers overspend due to the fact that we have a fear of missing the really good deal or having to pay more for the same thing an

38、d lose money. Normally, the prefrontal cortex （ 前 額 皮 層 ）controls our emotional reactions to things, and keeps us from acting unreasonably by calming down our fears. But an advertiser can disturb our prefrontal cortex just by displaying flashy deal signs, encouraging it to do math on how much money

39、we might save now by buying more of something we don t actually need yet.Nostalgia, that regretful affection for past events, is another strong influencer during the holiday season, and it ssaped by emotion. Emotion whether good or badenhances the formation of memories, engaging more parts of the br

40、ain. So hearing a nephew singing a carol, for instance, might reawaken memories associated with that particular song in a much more powerful way than hearing that same nephew sing another song. These kinds of memories are brought back even more easily by sensory input. This might be why we are often

41、 greeted by a sensory reminder everywhere we go in a month.Wherever you purchase gifts, there are social influences on what you buy as well. The holidays are a time when we are especially conditioned to pay more for the label because we uying gifts. re bReceiving a brand- name gift sends the message

42、 that“this person has spent more on me, so he orshe must value me more. And it makes sense. If two things seem pretty much thesame, how do I know which to choose? Humans have survived as a social species, and we have to rely on each other. So when our brains are trying to make decisions, one of the

43、shortcuts is to assume that if a lot of other people prefer something (and higher cost is often a predictor of that), then there must be a reason.Much of our holiday spending is driven by unplanned purchases. Plan ahead, resist the urge to purchase in the moment, make notes for comparison shopping,

44、and if the deal is actually good, then it will hold up to inspection and you ll feel guochasestlytarr Before you blowyour budget this season, remember that your brain might be fooling you into that next purchase.From Paragraph 2, we learn that.the prefrontal cortex is the calculation centerthe commo

45、n consumers always act unreasonablythe sight of flashy deal signs may fill consumers with fearthe advertisers make consumers pay more for the same thingAccording to Paragraph 3, which of the following can work on consumers?A. Creating a festival atmosphere.B. Following the current fashion.C. Prepari

46、ng more free samples.D. Offering a bigger discount.Why do we buy brand-name gifts during the holiday?A. They are more reliable.B. They are a sign of social status.C. They make people feel valued.D. They are favored by most people.To avoid overspending, the author suggests we.A. buy in the momentB. r

47、educe our budgetC. return unnecessary productsD. make a plan in advanceDThe Impossible Burger is entirely free of meat. But it looks, smells, feels and-most importantly tastes so much like real hamburger beef. In fact, plant-based burger alternatives have set off a strong resistance from the beef in

48、dustry. The Center for Consumer Freedom, a nonprofit that advocates on behalf of the fast food and meat industries has launched an a informational ” campaign targeting plant-based meats. The campaign has included TV and online ads, as well as print ads in newspapers. The ads seem to imply that not o

49、nly is an artificial burger too processed, but that it might be even less healthy than the average beef burger.While it s true that a pbanted meat alternative is processed and it s true that eating one is not as healthy as a pile of raw vegetables, it s best to take the ads with a generous pinch of

50、saltFor instance, the additives and preservatives in plant-based meat highlighted in one ad sure sound scary. Who wants something called titanium dioxide （ 二氧化鈦 ）in their meal? But the truth is that additives such as those listed in the ads are regularly used in all sorts of packaged foods. And if m

51、ethylcellulose, a food thickener, sounds unpleasant, it s really nothing compared withsalmonella （沙門(mén)菌）poisoning you can get from regular meat.Also, the ad campaign misses the bigger point. Choosing an Impossible or Beyond burger isn just about eating healthy. Burgers, whether they are made from proc

52、essed pea protein or processed meat, will never be as healthy as organic raw vegetables.What s appealing is the prospect of enjoying a juicy burger without the bitter aftertaste of guilt.Let s face it, there are huge environmental costs to eating cows. Cattle raising is contributing to climate chang

53、e, and not just because methane （甲烷）from cows and cattle is responsible for about 14.5% of greenhouse gas. More broadly, our global food production system releases more than a third of the world s greenhouse gases. Yet we can t seem to control our meat appetite evenknowing that large areas of the Am

54、azon forest have been ruined, and continue to be cut down to make room for more cattle to feed the growing demand for beef. Humans also know full well that many animals live short, cruel lives in awful conditions for the purpose of becoming foods for humans to enjoy at dinner.A plant-based meat that

55、 satisfies meat desires and delivers protein but with a smaller climate footprint is a potential environmental game changer and the reason Impossible Foods was one of those receiving the U.N. Global Climate Action Award in 2019. No wonder the meat industry is on guard.What does the underlined senten

56、ce in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?These ads deserve little consideration.We should spread the message of these ads.Wd cbetter be cautious when reading these ads.These ads tell people a lot about plant-based burgers.What do we know about additives and preservatives in plant-based burgers?They are

57、likely to cause poisoning.Their use is within the normal range.Some have not been used in hamburgers.They are used to ensure burgers taste good.What is the author attit Ude towards plant-based burgers?A. Supportive.B. Neutral.C. Disapproving. D. Doubtful.Which of the following shows the development

58、of ideas in the passage?A.C.D.I: IntroductionP: PointSp: Sub-point （次要點(diǎn)） C: Conclusion第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng) 為多余選項(xiàng)。Fashion and IdentityFor hundreds of years people have put some message in the type of clothing they wore. Long ago people started wanting to stand out

59、 from the“ crowd and be different from other people bymeans of changing their clothing. Some examples of these“ standing out became very popularand were followed by more people. 46 Nowadays, fashion has become a necessary part of one self-realization and clothing is basically a covering designed to

60、be worn on a person body.This covering is a“ necessihybrirngs whocof variety into the lives of people and makes theirimage more complete.The type of clothing completely depends on the person wearing it and becomes a reflection of personal identity. Lately, a lot is being heard about its meaning in t