doing作狀語的用法課件

1、doing作狀語的用法三.V-ing作表語We are learning English.The story is interesting.My job is teaching English.動(dòng)名詞作表語現(xiàn)在分詞作表語動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行時(shí)=Teaching English is my job.動(dòng)名詞作表語用來說明主語的內(nèi)容，與主語是同一個(gè)概念，表語和主語的位置可互換。His hobby is painting.The news is inspiring.區(qū)別動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞： 動(dòng)名詞作表語用來說明主語的具體內(nèi)容。現(xiàn)在分詞作表語是用來表示主語所具有的特征，有的已變成了形容詞，主語和表語的位置不能互換。翻

2、譯下列句子：我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。Our job is _.2. 他們演奏的音樂史如此的令人興奮。The music they are playing is _.playing all kinds of musicso exciting四 V-ing作定語現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，被修飾的詞與V-ing之間有一種邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞單獨(dú)作定語時(shí)，放在所修飾的名詞前；如果是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，則放在所修飾的名詞后。The girl crying in the classroom is my desk mate.The crying girl is my desk

3、mate.The tower _ the warring states is well worth visiting.dated from B. dated back fromC. dating from D. to date fromThe flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.to smell B. smellingC. smelt D. to be smelt(1) a walking man(2) a walking stick =a man who is w

4、alking = a stick for walkingWhats the difference between (1) and (2)?V-ing作定語時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞區(qū)別：a waiting rooma waiting man= a room for waiting= a man who is waiting現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時(shí)，它和被修飾的詞之間有有種邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句而動(dòng)名詞作定語時(shí)，與被修飾的詞之間沒有這種關(guān)系，它僅僅表示一種用途，“作用”相當(dāng)于一個(gè)for引導(dǎo)的介詞短語Translate the following phrases.a reading rooma w

5、ashing machinean exciting eveningan interesting crosstalk閱覽室洗衣機(jī)激動(dòng)人心的夜晚有趣的相聲1.What _ bears they are! (charm)2.What a/an _ idea the ad has.3. The bears _ are content with their life.4.The bears _ make cocacola more popular. Describe the bears with V-ing used as attributecharmingenjoying cocacoladrinki

6、ng cocacolaskiing on the icesurprising/inspiring五 V-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語V-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，它與賓語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，即賓語是其邏輯上的主語。S+V+O+CI heard the girl singing in the classroom.We have the fire burning all day.I noticed a long queue outside the bank waiting for it to open.The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great

7、interest.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語常放在賓語后面，表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)性的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)過程或一種狀態(tài)。 1. 能跟-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的常見動(dòng)詞有：“五讓、三看、兩聽、一注意、一發(fā)現(xiàn)、一感覺”。簡(jiǎn)單又好記！ make, let, have, keep, leave, look at, see, watch, hear, listen to, notice, find, feel 等。怎么記？He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.put B. to be putt

8、ingC. to put D. putting1. I saw them _(force) the door open with a hammer. 2. We heard them _ (quarrel) about money after the concert; they looked very angry.3. I heard him _ (drop) lots of coins into the collecting tin. forcingquarrelingdroppingPractice:2.有些動(dòng)詞詞組，如：regard, describe, accept, think of

9、, look on等之后可由as引出V-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)。They describe the cartoon as being attractive.分詞作狀語,表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的條件、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、時(shí)間、方式或伴隨等，通常相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句或并列分句。一般說來，這種結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語就是句子的主語。六 分詞作狀語作狀語時(shí)，選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語。如分詞的動(dòng)作是主句的主語發(fā)出，就選用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之就用過去分詞。If you use your head, youll find a good way. Using your head, youll find a good way.I

10、f I am invited,Ill go to your party.Invited,Ill go to your party.條件狀語作條件狀語一般放在句首作條件狀語一般放在句首原因狀語作原因狀語一般放在句首作原因狀語一般放在句首Because he was poor , he couldnt afford a TV set. Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV set.Because he was satisfied with his job,hehad a big smile on his face.Satisfied with his job,he

11、had a big smile onhis face.讓步狀語作讓步狀語一般放在句首作讓步狀語一般放在句首Though he studied hard, he didnt pass the exam.Studying hard, he didnt pass the exam.Though he was born in a poor family,he was optimistic.Born in a poor family, he was optimistic.時(shí)間狀語作時(shí)間狀語一般放在句首作時(shí)間狀語一般放在句首While I was walking in the street, Isaw a

12、 tailors shop.Walking in the street,I saw a tailors shop.When she was surrounded by a mad dog,she was very frightened and screamed.Surrounded by a mad dog,she was veryfrightened and screamed.在使用的過程中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用。_ the book, I find it useful. 由于用了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，這本書看上去很舊。_ for a long time, the book looks old. Used

13、Using 從上面看,體育場(chǎng)好像一個(gè)鳥巢。 _ from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. A. Seeing B. Seen從太空看, 宇航員看不到長(zhǎng)城。 _ from the space, the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall. A. Seeing B. SeenFour people entered the room and looked around in a curious way. Four people entered the room,looking The teach

14、er came into the classroom andwas followed by some students.The teacher came into the classroom,followed by some students.并列句作伴隨狀語多放于句末He came running back to tell me the news. His father died, and this left the family even worse off.His father died, leaving the family even worse off.方式狀語或結(jié)果狀語作方式狀語或

15、結(jié)果多放于句末Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way. Four people entered the room,looking The teacher came into the classroom andwas followed by some students.The teacher came into the classroom,followed by some students.并列句作伴隨狀語多放于句末分詞作狀語時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)：1）分詞的時(shí)態(tài)：2）分詞的語態(tài)一般式: doing done完成式:

16、having done having been done1）一般式表示與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生。 1. Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 2. Surrounded by the students, the teacher was answering questions one by one.2）完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前。 _ a reply, he decided to write again. Not receiving B. Receiving notC. Not having received D. Having not received可理

17、解為：Because he had not received a reply, he decided to write again.1.As he had finished his homework, he went out. =Having finished his homework, he went out. 2.Because she had not got a reply, she decided to write to him again. =Not having got a reply, she decided to write to him again.完成被動(dòng)式：having

18、been done表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前且含被動(dòng)意義(現(xiàn)代英語中往往用過去分詞done替代)Having been praised for his job, Tom worked harder.=Praised for his job, Tom worked harder._ by a snake, she was frightened at it. A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having been bitten D. both B and C一、有些慣用的v-ing形式不表示句子主語的動(dòng)作，而是表示說話人的態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等?？僧?dāng)作一個(gè)插入語generally

19、speaking 一般說來strictly speaking 嚴(yán)格說來frankly speaking 坦白地說judging from/by 根據(jù)來判斷considering 考慮到supposing 假如，如果幾點(diǎn)注意1. Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls. 一般說，男孩比女孩對(duì)科學(xué)更感興趣。 2. Judging from his accent, he must come from Canada. 從他的口音看，他一定來自加拿大。3. Considering his age, he did

20、 it quite well. 考慮到他的年齡，他做得很好了。4. Supposing it rains， what will you do？ 假使下雨，你會(huì)怎么辦呢？二、分詞作狀語時(shí)，可以根據(jù)需要在其前加上when,while, before, after, until, once, though,although, unless, as if, even if, as long as等Once losing this chance, you cant easily find it.2. If allowed to read in the reading room, you should k

21、eep quiet.3. When leaving the station, he waved again and again to me.三、 當(dāng)表示分詞的動(dòng)作一發(fā)生，主句的動(dòng)作隨之也發(fā)生時(shí)，可以使用“on動(dòng)名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，翻譯成“一就”, 能夠用于這種用法的動(dòng)詞都是瞬間動(dòng)詞；如look, hear, see, open, close等。Hearing the news, they couldnt help jumping.= On hearing the news, they couldnt help jumping. _ _ the case, I saw the bird fly out

22、 of it. 一打開這個(gè)盒子，我看到有只鳥飛出來。On opening Revision:_ is believing. 眼見為實(shí)。In the summer we enjoy _(坐) under the big tree. Her job is _(照顧嬰兒）。 The story is _(有趣的)。 How can you keep her _(等待) in the rain. The man _ (站在那里）is my father. Finish the sentences.Seeingsittingtaking care of the babies interestingwai

23、tingstanding over there主語賓語表語（動(dòng)名詞）表語（現(xiàn)在分詞）賓語補(bǔ)足語定語句型轉(zhuǎn)換：When he heard the news, he jumped with joy. _ the news, he jumped with joy. 2. As she was ill, she went home. _ ill, she went home.3. The girl came in and she smiled. The girl came in _.She sat at the desk and read a newspaper. She sat at the des

24、k _ a newspaper.HearingBeingsmilingreading表伴隨狀況時(shí)間狀語原因狀語方式狀語Tell the differences:1.She keep the man waiting in the rain.2. I will give the present to the student getting the first place.3. Being ill, she went home.Questions: 1. 現(xiàn)在分詞分別作什么成分？ 2. 現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語分別是什么？賓補(bǔ)定語狀語 賓補(bǔ)的邏輯主語是賓語；定語的邏輯主語是它所修飾的名詞或代詞；V -in

25、g形式作狀語時(shí), 它的邏輯主語必須與主句的主語一致。 Grammar work 語法專練用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Not _(know) his address, I couldnt go to see him yesterday.2. Look out(小心） for cars when _(cross) the street.3. Not _ (invite) to the party, Mary was greatly hurt.knowingcrossinghaving been invited4. He dived into the water, _ (leave) only

26、his face exposed(暴露）.5. When I got back home I saw a message pinned(別在） to the door, _ (read寫著) “Sorry to miss you; I will call later.”6. _ (take) a deep breath, they dived into the water.7. _ (close) the windows and the door, the students left the room.leavingreadingTakingHaving closed Grammar quiz

27、 語法小測(cè) 1. When _ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing many similarities. A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having comparedC2. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _ the same thing. A. saying B. s

28、aid C. to say D. having said A 1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. Not havingworkingSeeing單句改錯(cuò)4. “ Cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the

29、notice on the wall.5. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too.6. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.pointingmakingspeaking 1. _the piano, someone suddenly knocked at the door. A. Playing B. When I was playing C. Repairing