高一英語模塊2Unit5語法之狀語從句導學案教師版北師大版必修

1、Senior High English Book 2Unit 5 Rhythm Lesson 1 Adverbial Clause. Preparations before class (課前準備)【考綱解讀】縱觀歷屆高考試題，狀語從句一直是高考考查的熱點語法項目之一。高考對狀語從句的考查主要體現(xiàn)在對連詞的選擇以及時態(tài)的正確使用上。因此，弄清楚連詞的意思，根據(jù)語境選用合適的連詞，注意主從句時態(tài)的呼應(yīng)是正確解題的關(guān)鍵。根據(jù)其用途,狀語從句在復(fù)合句中作狀語，修飾主句中的謂語動詞、副詞、形容詞或整個句子?？煞譃闀r間、原因、地點、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較及方式等類型。不同的狀語從句使用不同的連接詞

2、,有時同一個連接詞可連接不同的狀語從句,表示不同的意義。 【考點】1. 根據(jù)歷年高考試題,將狀語從句的考點作了全面的歸納,在九大類別中的考查熱點在引導時間、地點、條件、讓步、比較、原因狀語從句的連詞上。出現(xiàn)頻率較高讓步狀語從句和原因狀語從句， 時間狀語從句因為連接詞容易出現(xiàn)在一些常用結(jié)構(gòu)里也經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。 2. 狀語從句中的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣，3. 與其它從句、句型結(jié)合起來考查。. Activities in Class (課堂活動)1. Adverbial Clause (狀語從句)1). Definition (定義): 狀語從句在復(fù)合句中作狀語, 來說明一件事情發(fā)生的時間、地點、原因、條件、結(jié)

3、果等。2). Classification (分類): 時間、原因、地點、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較及方式等類型。（一）時間狀語從句表時間的狀語從句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或 the moment), by the time, no sooner than, hardly (scarcely) when, every time等引導。when / whenever. When I came into the room, he was writing a

4、 letter.當我進屋時，他正在寫信。. We shall go there whenever we are free.我們什么時間有空，我們就去那里。備注：when指的是“某一具體的時間”。whenever指的是“在任何一個不具體的時間”。when / whileas. When he returned, his wife was cooking. While he was reading, his wife was cooking. As he was reading, he was listening to the radio.備注：.When 既可指某一點時間,也可指一段時間; .w

5、hile指“在某一段時間里”，“在期間”，引導的動作必須是持續(xù)性的; .as強調(diào)主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生。,翻譯成”一邊一邊”備注：.when / while都可以做并列連詞,連接并列句,when表示 “就在這時”和 “was doing”, “had just done”和 “was about to do”連用;while則表示轉(zhuǎn)折“然而”. I was walking in the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind. 我正在街上走著，就在這時忽然有人從后面拍我的肩膀。 .My father

6、 was cooking while my mother was playing cards.一就. As soon as I arrive at Chunhui, Ill send you a SM.備注：. upon/ on+ arriving . Immediately +句子. The +時間名詞(minute/moment )+句子. hardlywhen. no soonerthan. I had hardly got home when it began to rain. =Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.=No soone

7、r had I got home than it began to rain.before. It will be +一段時間+before從句(does) 要過才能做. It will not be +一段時間+before從句 要不了 就能做. It was +一段時間+before從句(did)過了做了. It was not+一段時間+before從句(did) 沒過做了since. It is/ has been +一段時間since 從句(did) . 延續(xù)性動詞:反過來翻譯 .短暫性動詞:直譯It is 10 years since I smoked.(=I gave up sm

8、oking/dropped smoking)自從我不抽煙已有三年了.Tilluntil. We waited till (until) he came back. 我們一直等到他回來。. She didnt stop working until eleven oclock . 她到11點鐘才停止工作。如主句動詞是延續(xù)性動作，常用肯定式，表示“直到為止”;如主句動詞是瞬間動詞，常用否定式，表示“直到才” 備注：Not until 句型與強調(diào)句型結(jié)合. I didnt go to sleep until he came back.It was not until he came back that

9、 I went to sleep.與倒裝句式結(jié)合 Not until he came back did I go to sleep.（二）原因狀語從句原因狀語從句是表示原因或理由的，引導這類從句的最常用的連詞是because, since, as, now that（既然）等，for 表示因果關(guān)系時（它引導的不是從句）為并列連詞，語氣不如because強。. It was because his mother was badly ill that he was unhappy. Since everyone knows it, I will not say anything. The day

10、breaks, for the birds are singing.備注：. because表示直接的原因,具有很強的因果關(guān)系,專門回答對 “why”的提問; . Since=now that, 表示已知或顯然的原因,翻譯成“既然”，通常放句首; . for 不是從屬連詞，而是并列連詞。它不是用來說明原因，而是用來表示一種附帶或補充解釋、說明，不放在句首。（三）地點狀語從句引導地點狀語從句的連詞是where 和wherever等。. Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。. You are free to go wherever you

11、like. 你可以隨意到你喜歡的任何地方去。備注：where與wherever意義基本相同，但后者語氣較強，多用于書面語。（四）目的狀語從句引導目的狀語從句最常用的詞（組）是so, so that（從句謂語常有情態(tài)動詞）, in order that, in case（以防，以免）等。. Speak clearly, so that they may understand you. She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons. He left early in case he should miss

12、 the train. . I raised my voice so that everyone could hear me.備注：that/ so that/ in order that引導目的狀語從句,常用情態(tài)動詞may (might)/ can (could) /should 等連用.（五）結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句是表示事態(tài)結(jié)果的從句，通常主句是原因，從句是結(jié)果。由so that （從句謂語一般沒有情態(tài)動詞）, so that, such that等引導。. I raised my voice, so that everyone heard me. He was so excited t

13、hat he couldnt say a word. . She told us such an interesting story that we all forgot the time.備注：sothat的so后面跟形容詞或副詞; such 在主句中修飾名詞（六）條件狀語從句條件狀語從句分真實性（有可能實現(xiàn)的事情）與非真實性（條件與事實相反或者在說話者看來不大可能實現(xiàn)的事情）條件句。引導條件狀語從句的詞（組）主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only(=if). 注意：條件從句中if不

14、能用whether替換分清真實條件句和非真實條件句，非真實條件句中要用虛擬語氣表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)和結(jié)果. If I were you, I would go at once. 我是你的話，我會馬上走。. If my brother were here, everything would be all right.表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)或結(jié)果. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would/could/might have met the famous singer. 如果你早來幾分鐘的話，你就會（可能會）見到那個著名歌唱家。. If

15、I had had the money last week, I should /would/could/might have bought a car.如果我上星期有了這筆錢，我就會（可能）買1輛車。表示與將來事實可能相反的假設(shè)和結(jié)果. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. 明天要是天氣好的話，我來看你。If it should rain, the crops would be saved. 假如天下雨，莊稼就一定（有可能）得救。If it were to snow this evening, they would not g

16、o out .如果今晚下雪，他們將不出去了。（七）讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句可由although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether or, no matter who (when, what, ) 等引導。注意：as引導的讓步狀語從句一般是倒裝的。. Although (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French.備注：though/although不能與but連用, 但可與yet或still連用. Ill go even if (though

17、) it rains tomorrow. 即使明天下雨，我也要去。 備注：even if/even though“即使,縱使”有退一步設(shè)想的意味，多用于書面語中。. Do it no matter what others say. No matter how busy he was, he studied English every day.備注：no matter +疑問詞 /whever. Child as he is, he knows a lot. 盡管他是一個孩子，但他懂得很多。 Cold as it is, (= Though it is cold,) the children p

18、lay outdoors. 備注：as 倒裝句, as引出的狀語從句多用于書面語，它比用though引導的從句，語氣強，更有表現(xiàn)力，從句常放在句首，語序部分倒裝。（八）比較狀語從句常用than, (not) so (as)as, the morethe more, the same as等引導. His book is the same as mine. 他的書和我的一樣。Henry is not such a good worker as Peter. 享利這個工人不如彼得那樣好。 . I have made a lot more mistakes than you have. The bu

19、sier he is, the happier he feels. He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford.（九）方式狀語從句方式狀語從句常由as, as if (though), the way, rather than等引導。. Draw a cat as I taught you. 按照我教你的畫一只貓。. When in Rome, do as Romans do.備注：as，按照或正如. They treat the black boy as if (though) he were an animal.備注：as if/a

20、s though好象,似乎【考點詮釋】考點一、判斷引導時間狀語從句的連詞 考點介紹：可以引導時間狀語從句的連詞有：before, after, as, when, while, till, until等從屬連詞；by the time, as soon as等短語型連詞；no soonerthan, notuntil, hardlywhen等搭配型連詞；each time, every time, next time, the moment/instant/minute等名詞型連詞；immediately等副詞型連詞。 . -Wheres that report? -I brought it

21、to you _ you were in Mr. Blacks office yesterday.（北京） A. if B. when C. because D. before . It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _weve actually had that lesson. （天津） A. until B. after C. since D. when 考點二、判斷引導地點狀語從句的連詞 考點介紹：可以引導地點狀語從句的連詞有連接副詞where或wherever。 . The village has developed a l

22、ot we _learned farming two years ago. （福建） A. when B. which C. That D. where 考點三、判斷引導讓步狀語從句的連詞 考點介紹：讓步狀語從句常由though, although, as, even if, even though, while, whatever, however、whoever等從屬連詞引導。whatever應(yīng)接名詞，但也可以單獨使用；however應(yīng)接原級形容詞、副詞， 解析: D。由語境邏輯可以推出這個村子在我們兩年前學習農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)的地方發(fā)展得很快，因此該空應(yīng)填where引導地點狀語從句。 . _ I

23、really dont like art, I find his work impressive. （山東） A. As B. Since C. If D. While 解析：D。該空表示“盡管”，因此應(yīng)填While引導讓步狀. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _ they knew it to be valuable. （浙江） A. as if B. now that C. even though D. so that 友情提醒：though, although, as等連詞引導讓步狀語從句時不可以再和but連用；as引導讓步狀語

24、從句時常將表語、動詞、副詞提前，構(gòu)成特殊倒裝句型，當表語為名詞時應(yīng)去除不定冠詞再行前移。 . _, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. （重慶） A. Strange as might it sound B. As it might sound strange C. As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound 考點四、判斷引導條件狀語從句的連詞 考點介紹：條件狀語從句通常由if, unless, as/so long as, on condition t

25、hat等從屬連詞引導。 . I wont call you, _ something unexpected happens. （全國卷I） A. because B. whether C. unless D. while . You will be successful in the interview you have confidence. （福建） A. before B. once C. until D. though 考點五、判斷引導原因狀語從句的連詞 考點介紹：原因狀語從句常由從屬連詞because, as, since, now that等引導。友情提醒：引導原因狀語從句的連詞不

26、可以再和并列連詞so連用。. Parents should take seriously their childrens requests for sunglasses _eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.（NMET2004上海） A. because B. through C. unless D. if 分析語境邏輯可知，該空表示“因為”, 因此應(yīng)填because引導原因狀語從句。 友情提醒：引導原因狀語從句的連詞不可以再和并列連詞so連用考點六、判斷引導目的狀語從句的連詞 考點介紹：目的狀語從句通常由從屬連詞that, so that

27、, in order that, in case, for fear that等引導。 . Leave your key with a neighbor _ you lock yourself out one day.（07北京） A. ever since B. even if C. soon after D. in case 考點七、判斷引導結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞 考點介紹：結(jié)果狀語從句常由so that, sothat, suchthat等短語性連詞引導。使用so that引導結(jié)果狀語從句時從句中通常不出現(xiàn)can, could等情態(tài)動詞；使用sothat結(jié)構(gòu)引導結(jié)果狀語從句時so后面應(yīng)接原級

28、形容詞、副詞；使用such that 結(jié)構(gòu)引導結(jié)果狀語從句時，such后面常接名詞；sothat結(jié)構(gòu)置于句首引導結(jié)果狀語從句時常使用不完全倒裝句型。 ._ that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.（07陜西） A. So successful her business was B. So successful was her business C. So her business was successful D. So was her successful business 析：B, 句中sothat 結(jié)構(gòu)置于句首引導結(jié)果狀語

29、從句，因此應(yīng)使用不完全倒裝句型。3. Test in Class (當堂測試)1. Tim is in good shape physically he doesnt get much exercise. （10湖南32） A. if B. even though C. unless D. as long as答案：B 考點：考查狀語從句。解析：句意為：“盡管Tim不經(jīng)常鍛煉，但他身材很好?！鼻昂笫亲尣睫D(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選B項。2. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the d

30、ay, _ accompanied by an adult. （10山東28） A. once B. when C. if D. unless答案:D考點：本題考查省略的狀語從句的連接詞。解析：句意應(yīng)為“學校規(guī)章規(guī)定：除非有成年人陪同，否則孩子們在校期間不能出學校。”表示“除非”用unless。該句式構(gòu)成了“連詞+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。3. you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problemC. Howeve

31、r serious a problem D. What serious a problem（10上海34）答案：C考點：讓步狀語從句 解析：根據(jù)句意“無論你有多么嚴重的問題，你都應(yīng)該鼓起勇氣面對挑戰(zhàn)”，而however表讓步時其順序應(yīng)是：however + 形容詞 + 主語 + 謂語。however做連接副詞，相當于no matter how,后接形容詞或副詞，意為“無論、不管” ，引導讓步狀語從句，其序為“however+形容詞、副詞+主語+謂語”。4Because of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break she go

32、t to her office（10四川20） Asince Bthat Cwhen Duntil 答案：C 考點：考查狀語從句。解析：句意為：“因為交通阻塞，當她到達辦公室時已經(jīng)是午休的時間了。”，故此處應(yīng)為when引導的時間狀語從句，故正確答案為C。5. John thinks it wont be long he is ready for his new job. （10陜西20） A. when B. after C. before D. since答案：C. 解析：考查狀語從句。所填詞引導狀語從句，構(gòu)成It（will）be+時間段+狀語從句，意思是：過多久才將.，選C。6. Toda

33、y, we will begin _we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.A. whenB. whereC. howD. what（10重慶32）答案B考點：考查狀語從句。解析：由句意：今天，為了不遺漏要點，我們從昨天結(jié)束的地方開始。where 引導地點狀語從句。7. The little girl who got lost decided to remain _she was and wait for her mother. A. where B. what C. how D. who (09山東卷28)8. My pa

34、rents dont mind what job I do I am happy. (09陜西卷13)A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though 【答案】C【解析】句意: 只要我高興，我做任何工作父母都不會介意. 根據(jù)題干意思可知此處是條件狀語從句，引導詞意思是: 只要, 選C。even though引導讓步狀語從句，意思是: 即使; as soon as引導時間狀語從句，意思是：一就；as though引導方式狀語從句，意思是：仿佛，好象?！究键c定位】考查狀語從句. 注意區(qū)分引導詞的不同含義.9. Owen wouldnt

35、eat anything _ he cooked it himself. (09四川卷12)A. until B. since C. unless D. while 【答案】C 【解析】考查連詞的區(qū)別。該句的意思是：歐文不吃任何東西，除非這種東西是他自己親自烹飪的。unless除非，符合語境。10. The medicine works more effectively you drink some hot water after taking it. A. as B. until C. although D. if (09浙江卷8)【答案】D?！窘馕觥靠疾檫B詞的用法。該題的意思是：這種藥的效

36、果更明顯，如果你在吃藥后喝一些開水的話。if引導條件狀語從句。11. _ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him. (09湖南卷34)A. Although B. As long asC. If only D. As soon as12. _ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. (09江蘇31)A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until13. -Do you have a minute? Ive got something to tell you. -Ok, _ you make it short.A. now that B. if only C. so long as D. every time (2008安徽