簡單句五種基本句型復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、Welcometo our class!簡單句的五種基本句型高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)：Opening CeremonyMilitary Parade中國人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭暨世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭勝利70周年閱兵儀式今年是世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭勝利70周年，也是中國人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭勝利70周年。It is the 70th anniversary of both the Worlds Anti-fascism War and the victory of Chinas Resistance War against Japanese Aggression this year. Learning Goals(學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo))1. 學(xué)習(xí)并

2、掌握簡單句的五種基本句型的相關(guān)用法；2. 通過做適當(dāng)?shù)木毩?xí)（語法填空，漢譯英等）來幫助鞏固所學(xué)知識；3. 激發(fā)大家對英語語法和寫作的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。What kinds of English sentences do you know?按句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可分為簡單句并列句復(fù)合句Thinking 11.The class can greatly inspire us.2. It was a song of peace and Id memorize each word.3. We should never forget the fact that Japanese invaded China.4. He i

3、s the very man that we are looking for.5. When I was young, Id listen to the radio waiting for my favorite songs. 并列句簡單句由and, but, or, so這四個(gè)并列連詞連接，而“，” 是不能連接兩個(gè)簡單句的。 復(fù)合句由一套主謂結(jié)構(gòu)組成。名詞性從句 定語從句 狀語從句 Identification什么是簡單句？從結(jié)構(gòu)上看，如果英語句子只包含_，句子各個(gè)成分都只由單詞或短語表示，它就是簡單句。Thinking 2一套主謂結(jié)構(gòu)雖然英語句子長短簡繁不一，且表面上似乎難以捉摸，但從實(shí)質(zhì)

4、上可以發(fā)現(xiàn)其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，找出其共同規(guī)律?；練w納成是：五種基本句型及其擴(kuò)大、組合、省略或倒裝。掌握以下簡單句的五種基本句型，是掌握各種英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)，更是提高我們寫作能力的金鑰匙。Thinking 3為什么要學(xué)習(xí)簡單句？簡單句有哪五種基本句型？基本句型一： +i + （主系表） 基本句型二： +l（主謂） 基本句型三： +t +（主謂賓）基本句型四: +t +IO +DO(主謂間賓直賓）基本句型五: +t + +O（主謂賓賓補(bǔ)）Thinking 4特點(diǎn)：句子謂語動詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動詞叫做(連)系動詞。 基本

5、句型一 + +（主系表）1.含“是”意義的有：2.表感知狀態(tài)的 有3.表示狀態(tài)變化的有：4.表狀態(tài)延續(xù)的有：常見的系動詞有哪些？feel, smell, taste, sound, look;become, get, grow, turn, come (true), go, run, fall;remain, keep, stay, continue, stand;be, seem, prove, appear;主系表S+V+P1. You are very happy.2. Everything looks nice. 3. The weather became colder and col

6、der.ExampleThe boy is cute.The little boy is very cute.The little boy who has small eyes is very cute.主語+系動詞+表語S+V+P+定語+狀語+定語從句17 1.In winter, the days _(be) short and the nights are long. 2. At the age of fifteen, he _ (become) a famous pianist. 3.The leaves _(turn) yellow. 4.Children seldom _(保持安靜

7、).單句語法填空arebecamehave turnedkeep quiet 基本句型二 +Vi （主謂）特點(diǎn):句子的謂語動詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動詞叫做不及物動詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。注意：該結(jié)構(gòu)由“主語+不及物動詞”構(gòu)成, 常用來表示主語的動作。如：The sun rises. 此外，句子的主語可有修飾語-定語，謂語可有修飾語-狀語。如: VS=The red sun rises in the east.主語+謂語S+VThe teacher was speaking.The teacher in white was speaking.The teacher in w

8、hite was speaking in the platform.The teacher in white was speaking in the platform in 2012.+時(shí)間狀語+定語+地點(diǎn)狀語201明天她會過來。(come)She will come tomorrow.five years ago.2五年前我住在武漢。(live)I livedin Wuhan3每天八點(diǎn)開始上課。(begin)every day. Classes beginat eightin the past ten years. 4在過去的十年里，（在）我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。(take place

9、)Great changes have taken placein my hometownpracticeTranslation 基本句型 三 + +（主謂賓） 特點(diǎn)：謂語動詞都是實(shí)義動詞，但不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須跟賓語(即該動作的承受者)才能使意思完整。此時(shí)，這類動詞叫做及物動詞或者短語。常見的及物動詞有：like, enjoy, desire, expect, look for, take care of等等。 e.g. We like the movie. S VoThey were playing a tug-of-war.They were playing a tug-of-war

10、 on September 28th , 2012.They were playing a tug-of-war which our teachers took part in on September 28th ,2012.主語+謂語+賓語S+V+O+時(shí)間狀語+定語從句2022/7/17231昨晚我寫了一封信。 2今天下午我想同你談?wù)劇?3這本書我已經(jīng)讀過多次了。4.上周我收到了你的來信。I wrote a letter last night. I want to talk with you this afternoon.I have read this book many times.I

11、heard from you last week. Translation 基本句型 四 + +IO +D（主謂間賓直賓） 特點(diǎn)：謂語動詞必須跟有兩個(gè)賓語才能表達(dá)完 整的意思。這兩個(gè)賓語一個(gè)是動作的直接承受者，另一個(gè)是動作的間接承受者。 通?？筛臑椋篹.g. She gave Tom an apple. I bought him a pen yesterday. 主 +謂+直賓+介詞+間賓=She gave an apple to Tom.=She bought a pen for himLets have a try!261. 今年劉老師教我們數(shù)學(xué)。 (teach)2昨晚她給我們講了一個(gè)有趣

12、的故事。(tell) 3. 你能把那本字典遞給我嗎？ (pass)4他給我們唱了一首歌。(sing)Mr. Liu teaches us mathsthis year.She told us an interesting storylast night.Could you pass me the dictionary?He sang a song for us. 基本句型 五 + + +O（主謂賓賓補(bǔ)）特點(diǎn)：動詞雖然是及物動詞，但是只跟一個(gè)賓語還不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來補(bǔ)足賓語，才能使意思完整。 判斷原則：此類結(jié)構(gòu)能表達(dá)成（賓語）是/要做e.g. We made him th

13、e manager. 主謂賓賓補(bǔ)Exercising1我們叫她Alice.（call） 2我們大家都認(rèn)為他是誠實(shí)的。(consider) 3我想要你把真相告訴我。 (want) 4. 我們不會讓她在晚上外出的。(let)29We wont let her go out at night. We call her Alice.We all consider him honest.I want you to tell me the truth. Translation分析下列句子的結(jié)構(gòu)及其成分。1.Plants need water. S+V+O ( 主 + 謂+ 賓 )2.The flower

14、is so fresh.S +V +P (主 + 系 + 表)3.They work hard. S +V (主 + 謂 )4.He gives me some seeds. S +V +IO + DO (主 + 謂 + 間賓 + 直賓)5.We should keep the classroom clean.S+V +O +OC (主 + 謂 + 賓 + 賓補(bǔ))Exercises : 翻譯下列句子并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)：1.我經(jīng)常在早晨讀英語。 2.瑪麗是個(gè)聰明的學(xué)生。3.我的老師交給我一封信。4.我母親經(jīng)常叫我努力學(xué)習(xí)。5.我們叫我們的老師王先生 6.他正在房里做家庭作業(yè)。1. I often r

15、ead English in the morning. 2. Mary is a clever student. 3. My teacher gave me a letter. 4. My mother often asks me to study hard. 5. We call our teacher Mr. Wang. 6. He is doing his homework in the room. 主 + 謂 + 賓主 + 系 + 表 主 + 謂 + 雙賓 主+ 謂 + 賓 +賓補(bǔ)主+ 謂 + 賓 + 賓補(bǔ)主 + 謂 + 賓請用所學(xué)知識完成下面的小作文。 我們班由53位成員組成。這是一

16、個(gè)大家庭。我們經(jīng)常彼此幫助。 我們的班長是一個(gè)男孩。他學(xué)習(xí)很努力，并且時(shí)刻都準(zhǔn)備好幫助別人。我們都很喜歡他。 我們班是一個(gè)快樂的集體，經(jīng)常充滿了笑聲。每一個(gè)老師都很樂意幫助我們解決學(xué)習(xí)上和生活上的問題。為了能考上理想的大學(xué)，我們共同努力，共同進(jìn)步，盡我們最大的努力去實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的夢想。HomeworkSuggested answer: Our class is made up of 27 members. This is a big family. We always help each other. Our monitor is a boy. He studies very hard, and he is always ready to help others. Our cl