2017初中語法專題講解及練習---被動語態(tài)

1、精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)被動語態(tài)學習內(nèi)容一、基本概念語態(tài)是的一種形式，它表示主語和謂語的關系。語態(tài)有兩種：和。如果主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，要用主動語態(tài)；如果主語是動作的承受者，則用被動語態(tài)。二、基本分類（使用被動語態(tài)的情況）不知道：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。沒必要：Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed. 每天8小時睡眠必須得到保證。 需強調(diào)：Chinese

2、 is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越來越多的人說漢語。過去分詞表被動，是被動語態(tài)的標志。被動被動be在動：反映時態(tài)變化三、用法詳解 1、構成：be+動詞過去分詞 be + done am/is/arewas/were am/is/are + being done was/were + being will/be going to + be have/has /had + been can/must/may/need be to be時態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)例句主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時do/ doesam/is/are doneW

3、e clean the classroom.The classroom is cleaned by us.一般過去時didwas/were doneHe made the kite.The kite was made by him.一般將來時will/shall/be going to dowill/shall/be going to be doneThey will plat trees tomorrow.Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.現(xiàn)在完成時have/has donehave/has been doneJim has finished th

4、e work.The work has been finished by Jim.情態(tài)動詞can/may/must docan/may/must be doneIcan find him.He can be found by me.2、解題步驟1）第一步： 判斷正確的被動結構：be + done 2）第二步： 根據(jù)時間狀語判斷時態(tài)，選出正確答案?！拘≡嚺５丁?. Today, computers are really helpful. They _ everywhere.A. useB. are used C. used D. were used2. Many accidents _ by c

5、areless drivers last years. A. are caused B. were caused C. have caused D. will cause3. The road _ last year. A. buildsB. built C. was built D. is built答案：BBC3、五項注意1）不及物動詞無被動語態(tài)：無賓語何來被動 What will happen in 100 years. The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.2）變被動還原to：四看三使兩聽一感覺 A girl saw

6、my wallet drop when she passed by. My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy work. The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.3）雙賓變被動：直賓（物）作主語需加介詞He gave me a book. A book was given to me by him. My father bought me a new bike. A new bik

7、e was bought for me by my father.4）短語是整體：勿忘介詞或副詞We cant laugh at him. He cant be laughed at by us. He listens to the radio every day. The radio is listened to by him every day.5）復合賓語變被動：賓語變主語，賓補成主補 I heard Jane playing the piano in her room. Jane was heard playing the piano in her room.4、主動表被動1）need

8、, want, require（要求，需要）/ deserve(應得，值得), be worth值得）The book is worth reading. 這本書值得一讀。 The old building requires repairing. 這座古建筑需要修了。 These young seedlings will require/need looking after 這些幼苗將需要小心的照管。 Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be cut).你的頭發(fā)該剪了。2）感官系動詞：look, sound, taste, feel, smellUn

9、iforms look ugly on us. 我們穿著制服很難看。Moon cakes taste delicious. 月餅嘗起來很好吃。3）sell, wash, write, read, clean, cook, break, catch, drive, lock, open等詞作不及物動詞時，主語為物。它們被用來描述主語特征，通常與well, easily等副詞連用。This kind of pen writes very smoothly. 這種鋼筆寫起來很流暢。This kind of skirt sells well here. 這種樣式的襯衫在這賣得很好。This kind

10、of cloth washes well.這種布料很容易清洗。綜合題庫1. The mountain _ with snow all year round, so its hard to climb it. A. coveredB. was coveredC. is coveredD. covers2. Look! We cant cross the bridge. It _by some workers.A. repairs B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. is repairing3. Waste paper _ everywhere. Its

11、our duty to keep the school clean.A. throws B. are thrown C. shouldnt be thrown D. should be thrown4.The boss made him work 14 hours a day. That means, he _ work 14 hours a day.A. was made B. made C. was making D. was made to5.Have you finished your fashion design? Not yet. Ill finish it if I _ ten

12、more minutes. A. am given B. give C. will give D. will be given6.The sick girl _ to hospital by her mother yesterday.A. is takenB. takesC. tookD. was taken7.Many accidents _by careless drivers last year. A. are caused B. were caused C. have caused D. will cause8.Driving after drinking wine _in China

13、.A. allows B. doesnt allow C. is allowed D. isnt allowed9. Soft drinks_ to children for free in some restaurants on Childrens Day. A.offer B. have offered C. are offered D. will be offered10. In many places in China, the old over 90 not only by their family but also by the government.A. is taking go

14、od care B. are taken good care of C. is taking good care of D. are taken good care11. -Did you go to Jims birthday party？ -No, I _. A. havent invited B. didnt invite C. am not invited D. wasnt invited12. At last the boy was made and began to laugh. A. stop crying B. to stop to cry C. to stop crying

15、D. stop to cry13. Do you know Lucys grandma? Of course. She is a kind woman, but she has _for about a month since she in the accident.A. been dead; was killed B. died; was killed C. been dead; killed D. died; killed14.Today a lot of information can _ online. A. receive B. be received C. is received

16、D. receiving15He likes reading very muchMost of his money _on books Ais spent Bspend Cspends Dare spent16. When should I hand in my paper? Your paper must_as soon as the bell_ .A. hand in; ringsB. hand in; will ring C. be handed in; will ring D. be handed in rings17. In the past the children were made _15 hours a day. A. worked B. work C. to work D. working18. China has offered much help to Japan since it _ by the earthquake and tsunami（海嘯）A. hits B. is hit C. was hit D. will be hit19. How often do I need to feed the bird?