2017初中語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題講解及練習(xí)---被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專(zhuān)心-專(zhuān)注-專(zhuān)業(yè)專(zhuān)心-專(zhuān)注-專(zhuān)業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專(zhuān)心-專(zhuān)注-專(zhuān)業(yè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容一、基本概念語(yǔ)態(tài)是的一種形式，它表示主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的關(guān)系。語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種：和。如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，要用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，則用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。二、基本分類(lèi)（使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況）不知道：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。沒(méi)必要：Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed. 每天8小時(shí)睡眠必須得到保證。 需強(qiáng)調(diào)：Chinese

2、 is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越來(lái)越多的人說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)。過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的標(biāo)志。被動(dòng)被動(dòng)be在動(dòng)：反映時(shí)態(tài)變化三、用法詳解 1、構(gòu)成：be+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞 be + done am/is/arewas/were am/is/are + being done was/were + being will/be going to + be have/has /had + been can/must/may/need be to be時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例句主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/ doesam/is/are doneW

3、e clean the classroom.The classroom is cleaned by us.一般過(guò)去時(shí)didwas/were doneHe made the kite.The kite was made by him.一般將來(lái)時(shí)will/shall/be going to dowill/shall/be going to be doneThey will plat trees tomorrow.Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has donehave/has been doneJim has finished th

4、e work.The work has been finished by Jim.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may/must docan/may/must be doneIcan find him.He can be found by me.2、解題步驟1）第一步： 判斷正確的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：be + done 2）第二步： 根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)判斷時(shí)態(tài)，選出正確答案。【小試牛刀】1. Today, computers are really helpful. They _ everywhere.A. useB. are used C. used D. were used2. Many accidents _ by c

5、areless drivers last years. A. are caused B. were caused C. have caused D. will cause3. The road _ last year. A. buildsB. built C. was built D. is built答案：BBC3、五項(xiàng)注意1）不及物動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：無(wú)賓語(yǔ)何來(lái)被動(dòng) What will happen in 100 years. The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.2）變被動(dòng)還原to：四看三使兩聽(tīng)一感覺(jué) A girl saw

6、my wallet drop when she passed by. My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy work. The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.3）雙賓變被動(dòng)：直賓（物）作主語(yǔ)需加介詞He gave me a book. A book was given to me by him. My father bought me a new bike. A new bik

7、e was bought for me by my father.4）短語(yǔ)是整體：勿忘介詞或副詞We cant laugh at him. He cant be laughed at by us. He listens to the radio every day. The radio is listened to by him every day.5）復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)變被動(dòng)：賓語(yǔ)變主語(yǔ)，賓補(bǔ)成主補(bǔ) I heard Jane playing the piano in her room. Jane was heard playing the piano in her room.4、主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)1）need

8、, want, require（要求，需要）/ deserve(應(yīng)得，值得), be worth值得）The book is worth reading. 這本書(shū)值得一讀。 The old building requires repairing. 這座古建筑需要修了。 These young seedlings will require/need looking after 這些幼苗將需要小心的照管。 Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be cut).你的頭發(fā)該剪了。2）感官系動(dòng)詞：look, sound, taste, feel, smellUn

9、iforms look ugly on us. 我們穿著制服很難看。Moon cakes taste delicious. 月餅嘗起來(lái)很好吃。3）sell, wash, write, read, clean, cook, break, catch, drive, lock, open等詞作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為物。它們被用來(lái)描述主語(yǔ)特征，通常與well, easily等副詞連用。This kind of pen writes very smoothly. 這種鋼筆寫(xiě)起來(lái)很流暢。This kind of skirt sells well here. 這種樣式的襯衫在這賣(mài)得很好。This kind

10、of cloth washes well.這種布料很容易清洗。綜合題庫(kù)1. The mountain _ with snow all year round, so its hard to climb it. A. coveredB. was coveredC. is coveredD. covers2. Look! We cant cross the bridge. It _by some workers.A. repairs B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. is repairing3. Waste paper _ everywhere. Its

11、our duty to keep the school clean.A. throws B. are thrown C. shouldnt be thrown D. should be thrown4.The boss made him work 14 hours a day. That means, he _ work 14 hours a day.A. was made B. made C. was making D. was made to5.Have you finished your fashion design? Not yet. Ill finish it if I _ ten

12、more minutes. A. am given B. give C. will give D. will be given6.The sick girl _ to hospital by her mother yesterday.A. is takenB. takesC. tookD. was taken7.Many accidents _by careless drivers last year. A. are caused B. were caused C. have caused D. will cause8.Driving after drinking wine _in China

13、.A. allows B. doesnt allow C. is allowed D. isnt allowed9. Soft drinks_ to children for free in some restaurants on Childrens Day. A.offer B. have offered C. are offered D. will be offered10. In many places in China, the old over 90 not only by their family but also by the government.A. is taking go

14、od care B. are taken good care of C. is taking good care of D. are taken good care11. -Did you go to Jims birthday party？ -No, I _. A. havent invited B. didnt invite C. am not invited D. wasnt invited12. At last the boy was made and began to laugh. A. stop crying B. to stop to cry C. to stop crying

15、D. stop to cry13. Do you know Lucys grandma? Of course. She is a kind woman, but she has _for about a month since she in the accident.A. been dead; was killed B. died; was killed C. been dead; killed D. died; killed14.Today a lot of information can _ online. A. receive B. be received C. is received

16、D. receiving15He likes reading very muchMost of his money _on books Ais spent Bspend Cspends Dare spent16. When should I hand in my paper? Your paper must_as soon as the bell_ .A. hand in; ringsB. hand in; will ring C. be handed in; will ring D. be handed in rings17. In the past the children were made _15 hours a day. A. worked B. work C. to work D. working18. China has offered much help to Japan since it _ by the earthquake and tsunami（海嘯）A. hits B. is hit C. was hit D. will be hit19. How often do I need to feed the bird?