It is 句型參考模板

1、It is 句型1. It is + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that . 該句型是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。將被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)如果是人，that可以由who換用。如果把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后，應(yīng)該是一個(gè)完整無(wú)缺的句子。這也是判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與其它從句的方法。 It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday.

2、It was in the street that I met her father. 2. It is not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that .該句型也是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。主要用于強(qiáng)凋時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，譯成漢語(yǔ)直到才，可以說(shuō)是 not . until . 的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous fil

3、m star.= I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. 3. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain.) that . 該句型中it 是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，常譯為清楚（顯然，真的，肯定）是主語(yǔ)從句最常見(jiàn)的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。 It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. = That hes round and tall like a tre

4、e is very clear. 4. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural.) that .該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。由于主句中的形容詞不同，that 后的從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should 可以省去。建議記住該句型中的形容詞。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 5. It is said (reported, le

5、arned.) that .該句型中的it 仍是形式主語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是that 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為據(jù)說(shuō)（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉）。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.6. It is suggested ( ordered . ) that .該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。主句中的過(guò)去分詞是表示請(qǐng)求，建議，命令等詞時(shí)，that后的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should 可以省。常譯為據(jù)建議；有命令

6、） It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. 7. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that .該句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常譯為竟然。沒(méi)有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class.這種事竟然發(fā)生

7、在你們班上，真是遺憾！ It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遺憾！ 8. It is time ( about time ,high time ) that .該句型中that 后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，值得注意的是 常用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬 有時(shí)也用should + 動(dòng)詞原形，should 不能省。常譯為是（正是）的時(shí)侯。 It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed. 9. It is the first ( second . ) time th

8、at .該句型要和上一個(gè)句型區(qū)別開(kāi)來(lái)。該句型中的 that 從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而用完成時(shí)態(tài)。至于用什么完成時(shí)態(tài)，由主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)決定。如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；如果是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，后面從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中 that 可以省去；it有時(shí)用 this 替換常譯為是第一（二）次。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here. 10. It is . since .該句型主要用作處理瞬間動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)，又要和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用的問(wèn)題。主句中是時(shí)間作表

9、語(yǔ)，其時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或完成時(shí)，since 引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，而且是瞬間動(dòng)詞。如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died. 11. It is . when .該句型中的 when 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句中的 it 指時(shí)間，表語(yǔ)由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)。常譯為當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，是。 It was 5 oclock when he came here. 12. It be . before .該句型主句中的 it 指時(shí)間, 主句中的時(shí)態(tài)常是將來(lái)一般時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)主句中的表語(yǔ)多是long, not

10、 long , 3 days , 2 weeks 等表示時(shí)間段的詞或短語(yǔ)。常譯為之后。 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job. 13. It happens (seems, looks, appears ) that.該句型中it是形式主語(yǔ)，that 引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句，主句中的happen , seem等詞是不及物動(dòng)詞 It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧

11、It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看來(lái) 14. It takes sb. . to do sth.該句型中的不定式是真正的主語(yǔ)，it是形式主語(yǔ)，句型中的直接賓語(yǔ)是時(shí)間。常譯為做要花費(fèi)某人。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 15. It is no good (use ) doing sth.該句型中的真正主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，主句中的表語(yǔ)可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , ( not any use )

12、。 It is no good learning English without speaking English. 16. It doesnt matter whether ( if ) .該句型中whether(if) 引導(dǎo)的從句是真正主語(yǔ)，該句型常譯為不論（是否）沒(méi)關(guān)系。 It doesnt matter if they are old. 17. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth.該句型中的不定式短語(yǔ)是真正主語(yǔ)，如果不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是由 of引起，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語(yǔ)特征的形容詞。常見(jiàn)的有： bad , brave , careless, cl

13、ever , cruel , foolish , good （好心的）, honest , horrible , kind , lazy , modest , naughty , nice（有教養(yǎng)的）, polite, rude , silly , stupid , wise , wrong（錯(cuò)誤的）等。 這個(gè)句型可以改寫(xiě)為：sb. is kind to do sth. It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. 18. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth.該句型與上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。如果

14、不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是由for引起，主句中的形容詞通常是表示重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況的形容詞。常見(jiàn)的形容詞有： important, necessary, natural easy , safe , common , normal , hard , difficult , dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant等。 在中的形容詞作表語(yǔ)可以用從句改寫(xiě)， 如： It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should )

15、come to the party19. It looks ( seems ) as if .該句型中it無(wú)意義。 as if 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。常譯為，看起來(lái)好象如果與事實(shí)不相符合，則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了） It looks as if he were ill. （沒(méi)有生?。?It seemed as if he were dying. 20. We think it important to learn a foreign language.該句型中的it 作形式賓語(yǔ)。為了記憶方便我們可稱(chēng)該句型為"6123結(jié)構(gòu)"。6指

16、主句中常用的動(dòng)詞：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel；1指的是形式賓語(yǔ)it； 2指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞；3指的是真正賓語(yǔ)的三種形式：不定式短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。 We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days. 1It + 被動(dòng)

17、語(yǔ)態(tài) + that1)It is widely recognized that extensive deforestation contributed to heavy summer flooding. （眾所周知）2)It is reported that 800000 applicants sat for the National Masters Entrance Test in 2003. （據(jù)報(bào)道）3)It is estimated that two thirds of the cities of our country will be in acute shortage of fre

18、sh water by 2010. （據(jù)估計(jì)）4)It is generally accepted that to practice euthanasia on a patient who is still alive is inhuman. （人們普遍認(rèn)為）5)It must be admitted that the price war will disturb the normal order of the market. (必須承認(rèn))6)It cannot be denied that the overgrowth of tourism may destroy the ecologica

19、l balance of some scenic resorts. （不可否認(rèn)）7)It is known to all that physical exercises can improve and enrich our physical and mental well-being. （眾所周知）8)It goes without saying that our actual knowledge of natural laws is still imperfect and limited. （毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)）2It is + 形容詞 + to do sth / that1)It is obviou

20、s /evident /clear /apparent that the situation is caused directly by excessive commercial fishing. （很顯然）2)It is understandable (inevitable) that peoples attitudes are divergent on this controversial issue. （可以理解/不可避免的是）3)It is unimaginable (incredible/unbelievable) that such a boy of 17 should have

21、had three novels published. （難以置信的是）4)It is imperative that something urgent be done to combat the widespread use of illegal drugs among teenagers. （是很有必要的）5)It is upsetting to find people who behave differently from us. We may, at first, assume that something is wrong with them. （是令人惱火的）6)It is imp

22、ossible to concentrate if you are tense or nervous.（是不可能的）7)It is highly necessary for our government to stop the corruption of government officials.（某人很有必要做某事）英語(yǔ)中it 一詞結(jié)構(gòu)看似簡(jiǎn)單，但其詞義廣泛，使用范圍很廣，常令一些初學(xué)者感到頭痛。It用法及其句型和固定搭配，是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)，又是近幾年考試的熱點(diǎn),在高考中也是重現(xiàn)率較高的語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)，其考查方式多通過(guò)“單項(xiàng)填空”進(jìn)行，偶爾也出現(xiàn)在“短文改錯(cuò)”和“完形填空”中。因此在復(fù)習(xí)中應(yīng)給

23、予足夠的重視。下面筆者就it的用法簡(jiǎn)單歸納如下。一、 代替上文中提到過(guò)的人或事物。指代人時(shí)，一般用于小孩或身份不十分明朗的人。1) Who is the baby? Its my teachers son2) Who is that gentleman? It's my friend TomHe(不可用It) wants to see you不定代詞one 指代前文提到的同類(lèi)事物之一，而 it 特指上文中提到的同一事物。試對(duì)比：This pair of shoes is small. May I have another one？（泛指的另一雙）這又鞋子太小了，再拿一雙給我看看好嗎My

24、 pen is missing.Icantd find it.我的鋼筆丟了找不到了(it指my pen)二. it 作為無(wú)人稱(chēng)動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)，表示天氣 ，時(shí)間，距離，環(huán)境情況等等。這時(shí)的it 不指某個(gè)具體的東西。沒(méi)有明確的含義。譯成漢語(yǔ)可不必譯出來(lái)。如1).Its half an hours walk from here to our school從這兒到我們學(xué)校是步行一個(gè)小時(shí)的路程2) Its nice and warm here這里非常暖和3) But it's two o'clock now, and it's time for us to go to school兩

25、點(diǎn)了該是上學(xué)的時(shí)間了4) Its quite close in the room . Lets open the window for a while。房間里太悶，把窗子打開(kāi)一會(huì)兒吧。三.“It” 可以代替指示代記詞This ,that .例：-Whose dictionary is that ?-It is mine四,用作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)。1. 當(dāng)作主語(yǔ)的不定式、ing短語(yǔ)或從句太長(zhǎng)時(shí)，往往用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將真正的主語(yǔ)移至句末，以避免句子頭重腳輕。it作形式主語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)句型：it替代動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)句型為:1) It is necessary /important /possib

26、le/easy.for sb to do.如:It is necessany to learn a foreign lanuage.學(xué)一門(mén)外語(yǔ)是有必要的。It is kind /foolish/polite/brave/carelessof sb to do.常用形容詞有:clever/wise/bright/silly/foolish/stupid/kind/cruel/right/wrong等如:It is kind of you to help me=You are kind to help me.:謝謝你幫助我.3)It is up to sb to do sth.該由某人做某事如:I

27、t is up to you to decide.由你來(lái)決定.4)It is (not)like sb to do sth.做某事是(不)是某人的行為.如:It was not like you to have said such rude words.說(shuō)出這樣粗魯?shù)脑挷幌衲愕男袨?5)It is ones turn to do sth.輪到某人做某事.如;It is your turn to speak 輪到你發(fā)言了.6) It takes time to do sth .如:It took me an hour to finish reading the novel.讀完這本小說(shuō)花了我一個(gè)

28、小時(shí)It替代動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)句型：Its no good/use doing 如:Its no use / good crying over spilt milk覆水難收Its (well)worth (ones )while doing/to dosth.Its worth（your）while to learn english。學(xué)英語(yǔ)是值得的.It替代主語(yǔ)從句常見(jiàn)句型:1） It is a pity (a shame ,a fact ,a wonder ,a good thing ,good news etc)that例如：It is a shame that he didnt pass

29、 the exam.很遺憾他沒(méi)有通過(guò)考試。2） It is strange(natural surprising obvious true good wonderful possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,quite clear.certain ,etc) that 。例如：It was quite clear that they had no disire for peace.很清楚他們沒(méi)有和平的誠(chéng)意。3） It seems (happened ,turned out, occurred to sb etc.)that例如：It seemed that t

30、hings were not as they expected.看起來(lái)情況并不像他們所想象的那樣。4） It is said (reported ,decided ,expected ,arranged ,rumoured ,etc)that 例如：It is said that the tickets have been sold out .據(jù)說(shuō)票已售完。5) It is time that 從句（謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去時(shí)）It is time that he went to school.他本該去上學(xué)了.6)It seems/appears/sounds/looksas if.似乎/聽(tīng)起來(lái)/看起來(lái).I

31、t seems as if it is going to rain.仿佛要下雨了.2當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中的賓語(yǔ)是不定式、ing短語(yǔ)或從句，往往用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)移至句末，以使句子重心后移。Do you think it a good habit to read in bed?你認(rèn)為在床上看書(shū)的習(xí)慣嗎？We find it difficult to learn English well in such a short time我們認(rèn)為很難在這如此短的時(shí)間內(nèi)學(xué)好英語(yǔ)I will leave it to you to buy the ticket.我要把買(mǎi)票的事委托給你We think it

32、no use crying over spilt milk我認(rèn)為木已成舟哭也沒(méi)用。You may depend on it that they will support you.你相信好了，他們會(huì)支持你的。They will answer for it that the computer is reliable.他們?cè)敢獗ＷC這臺(tái)電腦是可靠的。We made it clear when and where we were going to have the meeting我們宣布了何時(shí)何地要舉行會(huì)議。I tookit for granted that you would stay with us

33、 .我信以為真你要和我們呆在一起.五.It用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)：it沒(méi)有具體意義，可強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞外的成分。其基本句型為：It+be+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that(who)+其它。強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)：主語(yǔ)是人，一般用who （也可用that ）.其他情況用that.。強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)用主格；who或that后面的句子中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)在數(shù)和人稱(chēng)上應(yīng)保持一致。例如：It is I who (that) am to blame應(yīng)付責(zé)任的是我。It was you who didnt keep your promise。是你不遵守諾言It was long overwork that made them get tired.長(zhǎng)期

34、超負(fù)荷的勞動(dòng)使他們疲被倦不堪。強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)：當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是指人的名詞或代詞時(shí)、強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的連接詞用whom或that，其他情況用that。如：It is you that we have been wanting to visit.我們一直想去訪問(wèn)的是你。強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)：被強(qiáng)調(diào)的狀語(yǔ)可以是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，原因狀語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的連接詞只用that例如：It was at that time that I thought of giring him a call.直到那時(shí)我才想起要給他一個(gè)電話。It was in the zoo that they saw the elephants.他們是在動(dòng)物園見(jiàn)的大象。在運(yùn)

35、用it引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句時(shí)，要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1） 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的謂語(yǔ)is或was永遠(yuǎn)用單數(shù)，例如：It was yesterday that I met your father in the street2）不管被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是哪種狀語(yǔ)，只能用that連接，不得使用where、when等連詞。例如：It was in the street that I met your father yesterday3）被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為人時(shí)，可用who(主格)和whom(賓格)代替that，用that也行。例如：It was your father that/whom I met in the street yesterday

36、It was I that/who met your father in the street yesterday4）強(qiáng)調(diào)句中 也要注意主謂一致、人稱(chēng)一致和否定轉(zhuǎn)移的問(wèn)題。例如：It is they who are our friends5）not untill句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式為It is/was not untill that 例如:It was not until ten o'clock that we got home last night6)as since because 均可引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,但是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中只可以強(qiáng)調(diào)because從句例如:It was because he

37、was ill that he didnt come here.7)注意不要混淆強(qiáng)調(diào)句和其他從句。It is wasthat為強(qiáng)調(diào)句標(biāo)志，去掉后仍可組成一個(gè)完整的句子，只是沒(méi)被強(qiáng),調(diào),而其他從句一般不具備這一特征。比較：1) It was ten o'clock when we got home last night我們昨晚到家時(shí)已十點(diǎn)了。2) It was at ten o'clock that we got home last night我們昨晚是在十點(diǎn)到家的。3) It was not until ten o'clock that we got home last

38、 night8)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問(wèn)句形式為: “Is/wasit+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who/whom+其它?其特殊疑問(wèn)句形式為:Wh-疑問(wèn)詞/How+is/was+it+that” +其它?what is it that you want to say ？who was it that came here this morning！六 .It is /was /will be long /not long /many years/howrs/a fewminutes before表示 去.就 /才“或”不多久就例： It was not long before the whole count

39、ry rose up and drove the Austrian soldiers from their homeland.It is since 從句意思是；“自從。以來(lái)已經(jīng)多久了”。如果since從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是短暫性動(dòng)詞，那么就表示該動(dòng)作的開(kāi)始，如果從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表示求態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，則指動(dòng)作或求態(tài)的結(jié)束。就學(xué)生而言：It is nearly 12 years since I became a stndent.就老師而言：It is nearly 12 years since I was a stndent.Its the first/second/third time t

40、hat+主語(yǔ)+ have/has+done/been主語(yǔ)第幾次(it 也可換成this that today等)如:Its the first time that I have come here.我第一次到這兒.七、it 用于某些句語(yǔ)中，it 常用作某些動(dòng)詞的含糊賓語(yǔ)。例如：Thats it.對(duì)了.I cant help it.=It cant be helped.我無(wú)能為力.Its the same with sb.某人的情況也是一樣.Get with it ! 振作精神！Keep at it ! 堅(jiān)持下去！Go it while you aire young.趁你還年輕就努力干吧。mak

41、e it 規(guī)定時(shí)間，做到,成功。Foot it 步行去As it is/was 事實(shí)上。Fight it ont 決一雌雄keep at it 別松勁Catch it 冒險(xiǎn)，碰運(yùn)氣Leg it 逃走Brave it 敢干，抵抗He thinks he is it .他自以為了不起。Why ,among scientists,he is it.嗨，在科學(xué)家中他最出色。鞏固練習(xí)1Was it during the Second World War _ he died？(NMET88)Athat BWhile Cin which DThen2Is _ possible to fly to the m

42、oon in a spaceship？(NMET88)Anow Bthat Cit DMan3.I don't think _ possible to master a foreign language without much momory work(NMET90)AThis Bthat Cits DIt .4. Does _matter if he cant finish the job on time?(NMET91)A. This B.That C.He D.It5.It was not _she took off her dark glasses_Irealiced she

43、was a famous film star. (NMET91)A.When ,that B.Until,that C.Until.when D.When,then6.It worried her a bit _her hair was turning grey. (NMET92A. Whit B.That C.If D.For7.-What was the party line? -Wonderful. Its years_Ienjoyed myself to much.( NMET 93)A. After B.Before C.when D.Since8.Tom,s mother kept

44、 telling him that he should work harder,but_didn,t help. ,( NMET 93)A. He B. Which C. She D. It9._is a fact that English is being accepted as an international langnage. (NMET 94)A. There B.This C. That D. It10.It was about 600 years ago _ the first clock with face and an hour hand w was made (NMET97

45、)AThat BUntil CbeforeDwhen11._computers play such an important part in our daily life?A.Why is it that B.Why it is that C.Why was it that D.Why is it12. It was only when I reread his poems recently _ I began to appreciate their beauty(NMET98)Auntil Bthat Cthen Dso13.,I hate_when people talk with the

46、ir mouths full,(NMET98)A it Bthat Cthese Dthem14Onford,as we know_,is one the best unirersities in the world.A. that B.it c.this D.不填.15.It was the third time I_to that city.A.have been B had been C.came D. Was .16.When was it_you arrived in New York?A.that B.at which C.before D. Since.17.It was_I m

47、et Mr.Green in Shanghai.A. ten years since B.five years C.two months when D. many years ago that18.Jack is ill, have you heard about_?A. that B. this C.it D.which19_who suggested that he_to New York in order to get a direct fight.A.It was her went B. It was her go C. It was she went D.It was she go2

48、0_has already been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules.A . As. B.It C.That D. This1A這是強(qiáng)調(diào)句一般疑問(wèn)句形式2.C.此處it代替不定式to fly3.D it做形式賓語(yǔ)代替to master4.D.it 表示某種情況5.B.此處考察It is not untill that 句型6.B.It代表that從句7.D該題為情景對(duì)話.題意為我好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)有玩得如此愉快了.8.D.It 代替Tomsmother.harder這件事9.D.It 代表that從句10.A. It was that

49、為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型11A.該題為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)式形式12.B.該題為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)when引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句13.A.It代替when從句該句型的特點(diǎn)為:I hate/like/dislike /love+it+when從句.14.D.as we know是插入語(yǔ).是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句15.B.該句型后半部分常用完成時(shí)態(tài).前如果it is后用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)前如果是it was后用過(guò)去完成時(shí).16.A. 該題為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)式形式17D. It was that 為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型入選A后應(yīng)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)BC兩答案ten years/two months 為一段時(shí)間不可和met連用18.C.it 代替Jzck is

50、 ill這件事.19.D.該題考察強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)用主格.同時(shí)考察suggest that后動(dòng)詞用(should)+do.20.A.AS引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句代表Gramma ris not a set of dead rules這一點(diǎn).如用it后需有that. （1）It is名詞十從句： It is a fact that事實(shí)是 It is a question that是個(gè)問(wèn)題 It is good news that是好消息 it is common knowledge是常識(shí) (2) It is過(guò)去分詞十從句： It is said that據(jù)說(shuō) It must be pointed o

51、ut that必須指出 It is asserted that有人主張 It is supposed that據(jù)推測(cè) It is believed that據(jù)信 It must be admitted that必須承認(rèn) It is reported that據(jù)報(bào)道 It will be seen from ii that由此可見(jiàn) It has been proved that已證明 It is general1y considered that人們普遍認(rèn)為 （3）It is形容詞十從句： It is necessary that有必要 It is likely that很可能 It is cl

52、ear that很清楚 It is important that重要的是 (4) It不及物動(dòng)詞十從句： It follows that由此可見(jiàn) It happens that碰巧 It turned out that結(jié)果是 第二，注意英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)句的翻譯。英文的被動(dòng)句經(jīng)常用漢語(yǔ)主動(dòng)句表達(dá)，如：You are requested to give a performance 英文的被動(dòng)句譯成漢語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句：請(qǐng)你給我們表演一個(gè)節(jié)目。英文中被動(dòng)意義也可以用漢語(yǔ)中含有主動(dòng)意義的句子來(lái)表達(dá)。常譯成“被”、“由”、“受”、“為所”等等。例如：What is feared as failure in Americ

53、an society is，above all，loneliness.（在美國(guó)社會(huì)中作為失敗而為人們所恐懼的，莫過(guò)于孤獨(dú)了。） 第三，注意長(zhǎng)句的翻譯。首先不要被長(zhǎng)句嚇住，即使是很長(zhǎng)的句子，也是由最基本的成分組成。分析句子的基本成分，主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)。抓住主干部分，然后逐次分析各詞意思以及相互間的邏輯、語(yǔ)法關(guān)系，再進(jìn)行翻譯。值得注意的是關(guān)系分句的翻譯。關(guān)系分句主要功能是作名詞（詞組）的后置修飾語(yǔ)（即定語(yǔ)），但除作名詞修飾語(yǔ)外，關(guān)系分句還可起其他作用，比如起狀語(yǔ)分句和并列分句的作用，因此譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)要注意，限定性關(guān)系分句翻譯時(shí)因?yàn)橛⑽闹糜诿~后，漢語(yǔ)則將其置于先行項(xiàng)（antecedent）的前

54、邊，使其譯成帶有“的”字的定語(yǔ)句子，如：I want a wife who will work and send me to school.（我想要個(gè)既能工作又能送我上學(xué)的老婆）。有的句子過(guò)長(zhǎng)，前置會(huì)顯得累贅，或不符合漢語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣，這樣我們翻譯時(shí)將從句后置，把它翻譯成跟主句平行的并列句。如：I want a wife who will not trouble me with a wifes duties but a1ways listens to me.（我想要個(gè)老婆，她不會(huì)以妻子的義務(wù)來(lái)打攪我，而是始終聽(tīng)命于我。） 非限制性關(guān)系分句和它的先行項(xiàng)之間有比較松散的關(guān)系。就其意義上來(lái)說(shuō)，在句子中有時(shí)

55、相當(dāng)于二個(gè)并列分句，有時(shí)在語(yǔ)義上起狀語(yǔ)分句的作用，翻譯時(shí)可將其后置譯成并列句，例如： The sun warms the earth， which makes it possible for plants to grow.（太陽(yáng)溫暖了大地，這才使植物有可能生長(zhǎng)。）也可以完全脫離主句，譯成獨(dú)立句。如：She was very patient towards the children， which her husband seldom was.（她對(duì)孩子們很耐心，她丈夫卻很少這樣。） Exercises： Put the following into Chinese: It is reported that they have found another star. It happens that I have my check-book with me. It is likely that he will succeed. It i