常用化學(xué)基團(tuán)

1、aelectron-pair acceptor siteAcacetyl(e.g.AcOH=acetic acid)AcacacetylacetonateAddnadditionAIBNa , a -azobisisobutyroniytileAmamyl=pentylanhanhydrousaqaqueousAraryl,heteroarylaz distazeotropic distilation9-BBN9-borobicyclononaneBINAP 萘(R)-(+)-2,2 -bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1 -binaphthylBoct-butoxycarbo

2、nylBubutylt-But-butylt-BuOOHtert-butyl hudroperoxiden-BuOTSn-butyl tosylateBzbenzoylBzlbenzylBz2O2dibenzoyl peroxideCANcerium ammonirm nitrateCatcatalystCb CbzbenzoxycarbonylCCcolumn chromatographyCDIN,N -carbonyldiimidazoleCetcetyl=hexadecylChcyclohexylCHPCAcyclohexaneperoxycarboxylic acidconcconce

3、ntratedCpcyclopentyl,cyclopentadienylCTEABcetyltriethylammonium bromideCTEABcetyltrimethylammonium buomidedextrorotatory electron-pair donor site reflux,heaDABCO1,4-diazabicyclooctaneDBN1,5-diazabicyclonon-5-eneDBPOdibenzoyl peroxideDBU1,5-dizzabicycloundecen-5-eneo-DCBortho dichlorobenzeneDCCdicycl

4、ohexyl carbodiimideDCE1,2-dichloroethane電子對(duì) - 接受體位置乙酰基如 AcOH 乙酸 乙酰丙酮酸酯 參加a ,a-偶氮雙異丁腈戊基無(wú)水的水性的 /含水的芳基，雜芳基共沸精餾9-硼雙環(huán) 3.3.1 壬烷(R)-(+)2,2 -二(二苯基膦 )-1,1 -叔丁基羰基丁基叔丁基 叔丁基過(guò)氧醇 對(duì)甲苯磺酸正丁酯 苯甲?；?芐基過(guò)氧化苯甲酰硝酸鈰銨 催化劑 甘臺(tái)沖甘 芐氧羰基 柱色譜法N,N -碳酰 (羰基 )二咪唑 十六烷基 環(huán)己烷基 環(huán)己基過(guò)氧酸濃的環(huán)戊基，環(huán)戊二烯基 溴代十六烷基三乙基銨 溴代十六烷基三甲基銨 右旋的 電子隊(duì) -供體位置 回流 /加熱1.4

5、- 二氮雜二環(huán) 2.2.2 辛烷1.5- 二氮雜二環(huán) 4.3.0 壬烯 -5過(guò)氧化二苯甲酰1,5- 二氮雜二環(huán) 5.4.0 十一烯 -5 鄰二氯苯 二環(huán)己基碳二亞胺1, 2-二氯乙烷DCU1,3-dicyclohexylureaDDQ2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano- 1,4-benzoquinoneDEADdiethyl azodicarboxylateDecdecylDEGdiethylene glycol=3-oxapentane-1,5-diolDEPCdiethyl phosphoryl cyanidederivderivativeDETdiethyl tartrat

6、eDHP3,4-dihydro-2H-pyranDHQdihydroquinineDIBAH,DIBAL diisobutylaluminum hydride=hdrobis-(2-methylpropyl)aluminum1,3-二環(huán)己基脲2,3-二氯 -5,6-二氰基對(duì)苯醌偶氮二羧酸乙酯癸基，十碳烷基二甘醇氰代磷酸二乙酯衍生物酒石酸二乙酯3 , 4-二氫-2H-吡喃二氫奎寧氫化二異丁基氯diglymeditthylene glycol dimethyl etherdildilutedilndilutionDioxdioxaneDIPTdiisopropyl tartrateDISIABdi

7、siamylborane=di-sec=isoamylboraneDistdistillationdlracemic(rac.)mixture of dextro-andleborotatory formDMAN,N-dimethylacetamideDMAP4-dimethylaminopyridine oxideDMAPO4-dimethylaminopyridine oxideDME1,2-dimethoxyethane=glymeDMFN,N-dimethylformamideDMSOdimethyl sulfoxideDmsoanion of DMSO, dimsyl anionDo

8、ddodecylDPPAdiphenylphosphoryl azideDTEABdecyltriethylammonium bromideEDAethylene diamineEDTAethylene diamine-N,N,N ,N -tetraacetatee.e(ee)enantiomeric excess:0%ee=racemization,100%ee=stereospecific reactionEGethylene glycol=1,2-ethanediolE,Ielectrochem inducedEtethyl(e.g.EtOH,EtOAc)Fmoc9-fluorenylm

9、ethoxycarbonylGas,ggaseousGCgas chromatographyGlyglycineGlyme1,2-dimethoxyethane(=DME)hhour二干醇二甲醚稀釋的稀釋二惡烷 /二氧六烷 酒石酸二異丙酯 二仲異戊基硼烷 蒸餾 外消旋混合物N,N -二甲基乙酰胺4-二甲氨基吡啶4-二甲氨基吡啶氧化物 甘醇二甲醚N-N- 二甲基甲酰胺 二甲亞砜二甲亞砜的碳負(fù)離子疊氮化磷酸二苯酯 溴代癸基三乙基胺 1 ， 2-乙二胺 乙二胺四乙酸 對(duì)映體過(guò)量1， 2 -亞乙基乙醇 電化學(xué)誘導(dǎo)的 乙基 9-芴甲氧羰基 氣體的，氣相 氣相色譜法甘氨酸 甘醇二甲醚 小時(shí)Halhalo,

10、halide鹵素，鹵化物Hepheptyl庚基Hexhexyl己基HCAhexachloroacetone六氯丙酮HMDShexamethyl disilazane=bis(trimethylsilyl)amine雙三甲基硅基HMPA,HMPTAN ,N,N ,N,N ,N-hexamethylphosphoramide 六甲基磷酰胺=hezamethylphosphotriamide=tris(dimethylamino)phosphinoxideh virradation照光紫外光HOMOhighest occupied molecular orbital最高己占分子軌道HPLChigh-

11、pressure liquid chromatography高效液相色譜HTEABhexyltriethylammonium bromide溴代己基三乙基銨Huning base 1-(dimethylamino)naphthalene1-二甲氨基萘i-iso-(e.g.i-Bu=isobutyl)異 -如 i-Bu= 異丁基inhinhibitor抑制劑IPCisopinocamphenyl異莰烯基IRinfra-red(absorption)spectra紅外吸收光譜Lligand配位體Lleborotatory左旋的LAHlithium aluminum hydride氫化鋁鋰LDAli

12、thium diisopropylamide二異丙基酰胺鋰Leuleucine亮氨酸LHMDSLi hexamethyldisilazide六甲基二硅烷重氮鋰Liq,lliquid液體，液相Lnlanthanide稀土金屬LTAlead tetraacetate四乙酸鉛LTEABlautyltrethylammonium bromide溴代十二烷基三乙基銨dodecyltriethylammonium bronmide LUMOlowest unoccupied molecular orbital最低空分子軌道Mmetal金屬Transition metal complex過(guò)渡金屬配位化合物M

13、BKmethyl isobutyl ketone甲基異丁基酮MCPBAm-chloroperoxybenzoic acid間氯過(guò)氧苯甲酸Memethyl (e.g.MeOH,MeCN)甲基MEMmethoxyethoxymethyl甲氧乙氧甲基Mes,Msmesyl=methanesulfonyl甲磺酰基minminute分molmole摩爾量MOMmethoxymethyl甲氧甲基MSmass spectra質(zhì)譜MWmicrowave微波n-normal正-NBAN-bromo-acetamideN-溴乙酰胺NBPN-bromo-phthalimideN-溴酞酰亞胺NBSN-bromo-su

14、ccinimieeNCSN-chloro-succinimideNISN-iodo-succininideNMONMRN-methylmorpholine N-oxide nuclear magnetic resonance spectraN-溴丁二酰亞胺N -氯丁二酰亞胺N-碘丁二酰亞胺N-甲基嗎啉-N-氧化物核磁共振光譜NonNunonylnucleophileOct壬基親核試劑辛基o.p.OTEABoctyloptical purity:0%o.p.=racemata,100%o.p.=pure enantiomer octyltriethylammonium bromide光學(xué)純度溴代

15、辛基三乙基胺pPCCpressurepyridinium chlorochromatePDC壓力 氯鉻酸吡啶嗡鹽 重鉻酸吡啶嗡鹽 石油醚PFCpyridinium fluorochromate氟鉻酸吡啶嗡鹽Penpentyl戊基Phphenyl(e.g.PhH=benzene,PhOH=phenol)苯基PhH=苯,PhPhthphthaloyl=1,2-phenylenedicarbonyl鄰苯二甲酰基Pin3-pinanyl3-蒎烷基polympolymeric聚合的PPApolyphosphoric acid聚磷酸PPEpolyphosphoric ester多聚磷酸酯PPSEpolyp

16、hosphoric acid trimethylsilyl ester多聚磷酸三甲硅酯PPTSpyridinium p-toluenesulfonate對(duì)甲苯磺酸吡啶鹽Prpropyl丙基Protprotecting group保護(hù)基Prpyridine吡啶Ralkyl,etc烷基等racracemic外消旋的r.t.room temperature=2025oC室溫 =2025oCs-sec-仲satdsaturated飽和的ssecond秒senssensitizer敏化劑 ,增感劑sepnseparation別離siasec-isoamyl=1,2-dimethylpropyl仲異戊基s

17、olsolid固體solnsolutin溶液t-tert-叔-Tthymine胸腺嘧啶TBAtribenzylammonium三芐基胺TBABtetrabutylammonium bromide溴代四丁基銨TBAHS tetrabutylammonium hydrogensulfate四丁基硫酸氫銨TBAItetrabutylammonium iodide碘代四丁基銨PEpyridinium fluorochromate petrol ther=light petroleum苯酚氯代四丁基銨 四丁胺三氟醋酸鹽 叔丁基二甲基硅烷基 三氯氰尿酸 四氯苯醌 三乙基胺 三乙基芐基胺鹽 溴代三乙基芐基銨

18、 氯代三乙基芐基銨 三甘醇，二縮三乙二醇 三氟甲磺?；?三氟醋酸三氟甲磺?；?三氟甲磺酸四氫呋喃 四氫吡喃基 薄層色譜 溴代四甲基銨N,N,N ,N -四甲基乙二胺三甲硅烷基 氯代三甲基硅烷 碘代三甲基硅烷 氯代三十八烷基甲基銨 3-O- 乙酰基胸苷酸 甲苯氯代三辛基甲基銨 溴代四丙基銨 四丙基銨過(guò)釕酸鹽 2,4,6-三異丙基苯磺酰氯 三苯甲基 三甘醇二甲醚 對(duì)甲苯磺?；?對(duì)甲苯磺酰氯 對(duì)甲苯亞磺酸 對(duì)甲苯磺酸 對(duì)甲苯磺酸甲酯 三氟乙酸鉈 3+ 三硝酸鉈 3+ 十一烷基 紫外光譜 大多數(shù)指鹵素，磺酸酯基等在取代或消除反響中的離去基團(tuán)二甲苯TBAC tetrabutylammonium chlo

19、rideTBATFA tetrabutylammonium trifluoroacetateTBDMStert-butyldimethylsilylTCCtrichlorocyanuric acidTCQtetrachlorobenzoquinoneTEAtriethylamineTEBA triethylbenzylammonium saltTEBAB triethylbenzylammonium bromideTEBAC trifloromethanesulfonyl chlorideTEGtriethylene-glycolTftrifloromethanesulfonyl=trifly

20、lTFAtrifluoroacetic acidTFMeS trifloromethanesulfonyl=triflylTFSAtrifloromethanesulfonic acidTHFtetrahydrofuranTHPtrtrahydropyranylTLCthin-layer chromatographyTMABtetramethylammonium bromideTMEDA N,N,N ,N -tetramethyl-ethylenediamine 1,2-bis(dimethylamino)ethaneTMS trimethylsilylTMSCl trimethylchlorosilane=Tms chlorideTMSI trimethylsilyl iodideTOMAC trioctadecylmethylamminium chloride p-T-Oac 3-O-acetyl thymidylic acidTol