中考復(fù)習(xí)被動語態(tài)課件

1、Passive Voice被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動主動語態(tài)和語態(tài)和被動被動語態(tài)。語態(tài)。 1.1.當(dāng)我們不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者當(dāng)我們不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者, 2 2. 或者只需強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者時，要用或者只需強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者時，要用被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：主主 +be + 過去分詞過去分詞(PP) + (by )在改寫中應(yīng)注意：在改寫中應(yīng)注意：1.把把來的來的提到前面作被動語態(tài)的提到前面作被動語態(tài)的2.把把動詞動詞變成變成“”;3.主動語態(tài)中的主動語態(tài)中的變?yōu)榻樵~變?yōu)榻樵~的的vSome people attacked the towers

2、. S V O The towers were attacked by some people. S V v一 構(gòu)成 主語是動作的承受者，用被動語態(tài)。主語是動作的承受者，用被動語態(tài)。1.一般的一般的現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)：現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)：am/is/are+及物動詞的過去分詞，（及物動詞的過去分詞，（be是助是助動詞）動詞）e.g:English is spoken by many people. German isnt taught in our school. Is French studied in your school? 2.過去時的被動語態(tài)：過去時的被動語態(tài)： was/were+及物動詞的

3、過去分詞及物動詞的過去分詞e.g:These new houses were built in 2000. My bike wasnt made in Shanghai. Was this kind of machine made in Shenzhen?注意：被動語態(tài)中注意：被動語態(tài)中be的形式是由主語決定的的形式是由主語決定的3.情態(tài)動詞的被語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞的被語態(tài)： must/can/may/should+be+動詞的過去分詞動詞的過去分詞 e.g:The car mustnt be stopped here. Can this chair be taken out of the room

4、? This job must be finished on time.表格：被動態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)時態(tài)時態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時一般將來時一般將來時過去將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時過去完成時am/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being doneshall/will/be going to be donewould be donehave/has been donehad been donev二二 被動語態(tài)的幾種類型：被動語態(tài)

5、的幾種類型： 1 主動句中有一個賓語的被動語態(tài)主動句中有一個賓語的被動語態(tài) He saw her in the shop yesterday. She was seen in the shop yesterday. 2 主動句中有二個賓語的被動語態(tài)主動句中有二個賓語的被動語態(tài) Jim gave me a book. I was given a book by Jim. A book was given to me by Jim. 3 主動句中含有賓語補(bǔ)足語句子的被動語態(tài)主動句中含有賓語補(bǔ)足語句子的被動語態(tài) Mother told me not to be late. I was told no

6、t to be late by mother. I saw mother planting flowers in the garden. Mother was seen planting flowers in the garden. They made him work 12 hours a day. He was made to work 12 hours a day. 4 短語動詞的被動語態(tài)短語動詞的被動語態(tài) I can take good care of the baby. The baby can be taken good care of. 三三 被動語態(tài)的注意事項被動語態(tài)的注意事項

7、 1 “主語主語+系動詞系動詞+表語表語”的句子沒有被動語的句子沒有被動語 態(tài)態(tài) 2 there be 句型沒有被動語態(tài)句型沒有被動語態(tài) 3 主動句中賓語是反身代詞的沒有被動語態(tài)主動句中賓語是反身代詞的沒有被動語態(tài) 4 主動句的謂語動詞是不及物動詞的沒有主動句的謂語動詞是不及物動詞的沒有 被動語態(tài)，但與介詞搭配后，則有被動語態(tài)，但與介詞搭配后，則有:The nurse looked after him carefully. The baby was looked after by the nurse carefully.vPractice:1 Must I pay for it at once

8、?_ it _ _ _ at once?2 We will build a new lab.A new lab _ _ _.3 They arent stopping the traffic now.The traffic _ _ _ now.4 How long have you kept the book?How long _ the book _ _? Mustbeenpaidforwillbebuiltisntbeenstoppinghasbeenkept5 If your homework _(do) well,you may go to play.6 Mr.Green was se

9、en _ (grow) trees.7 The blackboard was _ (look) carefully by the students.8 The ship model _ be _ (make)in two days.is doneto growlooked atwillmadeOral practice-主動句改被動句 Oral practice-1. Change each sentence into passive voice: A car knocked him down yesterday. Two doctors and ten nurses make up the

10、medical team1)When I got there, they were cutting up a fallen treeHe was knocked down by a car yesterdayThe medical team is made up of by twoA fallen tree was being cut up, when I got there.4)Well put on the play next Sunday5)Workers are building a new teaching building in our school 6)They had comp

11、leted the railway by the end of last year The play will be put on next SundayA new teaching building is being built by workers in our schoolThe railway had been completed by the end of last year 7)We should protect the earth8)You need to paint the wallThe earth should be protectedThe wall needs to b

12、e painted幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)1.My uncle gave me a gift on my birthday2.We often hear him play guitarI was given a gift on my birthdayA gift was given to me on my birthday.He is often heard to play guitar注意：注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make, listen to, look at等動詞等動詞/短語后作賓語補(bǔ)語的不短語后作賓語補(bǔ)語的不定式都不帶定式都不帶to；但改成被動語態(tài)后

13、必須帶；但改成被動語態(tài)后必須帶to。vWe should take care of the old people .vThe old people should be taken care of.表示主語的屬性特征表示主語的屬性特征well/ badly/easily/smoothly),用主動式表被動義。用主動式表被動義。 read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock, open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,The books _ well A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being soldT

14、his kind of cloth _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washedBC主動式表被動義主動式表被動義,且和句子的主且和句子的主語語(或賓語或賓語)構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系時構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系時,用主動式表被動義。用主動式表被動義。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good, comfortable,light,heavy,safe,The fish is not fit _(eat)We find English is hard _ (learn)The article is difficult

15、 _ (understand).to eatto learnto understand,與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系賓關(guān)系,又和該句主語又和該句主語(或賓語或賓語)構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時,用主動式表被動義。用主動式表被動義。I have a lot of homework _(do)Ill give him some books _ (read)to doto read表示狀態(tài)特征的表示狀態(tài)特征的連系動詞連系動詞+adj./n.,用用主主動式表被動義動式表被動義。4表示狀態(tài)特征的表示狀態(tài)特征的連系動詞連系動詞+adj./n.,用用主動式表主動式表被動義被動義。 (loo

16、k,sound,feel,smell,taste, prove, appear,make,.)The steel feels cold5 表示表示“開始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動開始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動”的動詞的動詞用主動式表用主動式表被動義。被動義。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut, move,run,.)The shop opens at 6 am. every day表示主語的表示主語的屬性特征的動詞屬性特征的動詞+副詞副詞well/ badly/easily/smoothly,用主動式表被動用主動式表被動義義6. 作作“需要需要”講的講的want/need/req

17、uire后后接接動名詞作賓語時，用動名詞作賓語時，用主動式主動式表被動義；表被動義；當(dāng)然也可接當(dāng)然也可接不定式的被動式不定式的被動式作賓語作賓語。Your jacket needs washing/ to be washedQuiz 1 Quiz 11. The steel _ cold A. is felt B. was feeling C. feels D. is being felt2. His plan _ good A. has sounded B. is sounding C. is sounded D. soundsCDQuiz 2Quiz 2The shop _ at 6 am

18、. every day A. opens B. opened C. is opened D. is openingWork _ at 7 pm. today A. ends B. ended C. was ended D. had endedABThe pen _ smoothly A. was wrote B. writes C. has writing D. is writtenThis coat _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washedQuiz 3BCYour jacket needs _(wash)The h

19、ouse requires _ (repair)Quiz 4washingrepairingThe fish is not fit _(eat) We find English difficult _ (learn)Quiz 5to eatto learnI have much homework _ (do)Ill give the boy some books _(read)Quiz 6to doto readCorrecting mistake2.Correct the mistake(s) in each sentence if any:1)Two boys hurt while pla

20、ying a ball2)The singer lived in London until he was sending to university3)How long do you think the meeting will be lasted?was sentwill lastwere hurt4)A fire was broken out last night5)He had to travel by bus as his car was damaged in an accident a few days before6)The large building that is now b

21、uilt will be a hospitalhad been damagedis now being builtbroke out7)Class is begun at 7:30 every day8)His plan is sounded good9)Your coat needs being washedbeginssoundsto be washed / washing 1.An exhibition of paintings _ at the museum next weekAare to be held B. is to be heldC. are holdingDwill holdMultiple choice B2. Im sorry,sirYour recorder isnt ready yetIt _ in the factory is being repaired is repaired has been repairedA. hasnt been repairedA3Every possible means _, but none _ successfulA. has