工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)英文論文有中文

1、工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)英文論文（有中文版）作者:日期:DESIGN and ENVIRONMENTProduct desig n is the prin cipal part and kernel of in dustrial desig n. Product desig n gives uses pleasure. A good desig n can bring hope and create new lifestyle to huma n.In spscificity,products are only outcomes of factory such as mecha ni cal and elec

2、trical products,costume and so on.ln generality,anything,whatever it is tangibile or intan gible,that can be provided for a market,ca n be weighed with value by customers, and can satisfy a n eed or desire,ca n be en tiled as products.Innovative design has come into human life. It makes product look

3、ing brand-new and brings new aesthetic feeli ng and attractio n that are differe nt from traditi onal products. En terprose tend to reno vate idea of product desig n because of cha nge of con sumer's lifestyle , emphasis on in dividuati on and self-expressi on, market competition and requirement

4、 of individuation of product.Product desig n in cludes factors of society ,ec onomy, techology and leterae huma nio res.Tasks of product desig n in cludes styli ng, color, face process ing and select ion of material and optimizati on of huma n-mach ine in terface.Desig n is a kind of thi nking of li

5、festyle.Product and desig n con cepti on can guide human lifestyle . In reverse , lifestyle also manipulates orientation and development of product from thinking layer.With the developme nt of scie nee and tech no logy ,more and more atte nti on ispaid to austerity of en vir onmen tal promblems ,suc

6、h as pollut ing of atmosphere,destroy of forest, soilerosi on,land desertificati on, water resource polluti ng, a great deal of species becam ing ext in ct,exha nsti ng of petroleum , n atural gas and coal and so on . A desig ner should have a strong con scious ness of protect ing en vir onment and

7、to make hisher desig n to be based on avoid ing destro ying en vir onment and sav ing n atural recourse.Nowadays ,gree nhouse effects,destroyed ozone layers and acid rain are three global en vir onmen tal questi ons.Gree nhouse effect is phe nomena of the atmosphere beco ming warmer . The forming pr

8、in ciple of gree nhouse effect is that the Sun short wave radiatio n can pen etrate into ground through atmosphere ,long wave radiati on emitted from ground after ground is warmed ,is absorbed by carb on dioxide of atmosphere , and the n atmosphere gets warmer.The carb on dioxide in the atmosphere c

9、ha nges the earth to a large gree nhouse like a thick layer of glass . Metha ne ,oz on e,chlori ne,Fluori ne,hydrocarb on and aqueous vapor also make some con tributi on to gree nhouse effects. With rapid in crease of populati on and rapid developme nt of in dustry ,more and more carb on dioxide of

10、atmosphere en ters into atmosphere. Because forest is cun dow n in a large amount also ,carb on dioxide in creases gradally ,and the gree nhouse effects are stre ngthe ned con sta ntly .The results of the gree nhouse effects are very serious. The great cha nges will take place in the n atural ecolog

11、y ,such as desert expa nding ,la nd corrodi ng aggravati ng, forest retreat ing to the polarregi on, calamity of drought and waterlog serious and rain fall in creas ing. The temperate zone will be wetter in water and will be droughtier in summer . Tropical zone will become wetter and subtropical zon

12、e will become more arid . All of these above will forces the existing irrigation works to be adjusted. Coastal regions will be threatened seriously .Because the temperature is rising , ice-cubes will be melted at the two poles so to the sea level will be rising and a lot of cities and ports will be

13、submerged.The ozone layer destroyed shocked academia and the whole intern ati onal aommunity .American scientists,Monila and Rowland , pointed out that it is human activities bring ozone hole of today . arch-criminal that we now well know is freon and Kazakhsta n drago n.Acid rain has already become

14、 a kind of air pollutio n phe nomenon in exte nsive ran ge,cross ing over n ati onal boun daries at prese nt. Acid rain destroys soil, makes lake acid and endan gers grow ing of abimals and pla nts. It also stimulates people's skin, brings out the skin disease, causes lung hydr on ces, l ung har

15、de n ,and corrodes the metal product,pa in t ,leather, fabrics and buildi ng with carb on ate .In a word , the environment of human life has already worsened day by day. The reas ons of the worse ning mostly come from the huma n own bad life style, disrespect ing the objective law, eager for quick s

16、uccess,use of the earth resource without scie ntific pla n ,and lack of con scious ness pratect ing the en vir onment in design . So they destroy home by themselves,which not only harm human on con temporary, but also seriously in flue nee existe nee of desce ndan ts.The en vir onmen tal questio n i

17、s caused by people's bad desig n and life style to a great extent , which puts forward a serious question for a designer that designers should un dertake the historical importa nt task of en vir onment protectio n.In dustry has brought the disaster to world while creates a large amount of wealth

18、 for mankind .In dustry desig n has accelerated the con sumpiti on of the resource and en ergy resource and has caused eno rmous destruct ion to the ecological bala nee of the earth while creating modern life style and living environment for mankind.So as in dustry desig ners, sett ing up en vir onm

19、en tai aware ness incarn ates their morals and social sense of responsibility. Designers must be responsible for their own desig ns, and must take huma n health and blessed ness , and harmo ni cally coexist ing of n ature with the huma n as the rules n ecessarily obeyed in their own desig n.Desig ne

20、rs must also master the n ecessary kno wledege in material, craft, chemical in dustry, manu facturi ng,ect.,i n order to be possible for avoid ing to dan ger to en vir onment caus ing by his desig n.The con cept of "Susta in able developme nt desig n"has epoch-mali ng meanings of humanity

21、and real development of the world .It reflects the designer's morals and resp on sibility , and has already become the trend of desig ning developme nt in the 21st cen tury .He nee ,ma nki nd's developme nt made of traditi onal in dustrial civilizati on was turned to one of the moder n ecolo

22、gical civilizati on .It is the coord in ati on of social progress,ec ono mic growth and en vir onmen tal protesti on.Susta in able developme nt is a kind con cept of brand-new ethics,morals and values that people should follow. Its essence lies in fully utilizing the modern science and tech nongy ,e

23、xploit ing gree n resources ,developme nt con sta ntly, impelli ng harm onious developme nt betwee n huma n and n ature and pramoti ng in ter-harm ony of populati on ,resource and en vir onment .Solving the problem of susta in able developme nt is a cha nge of tech no logical inno vati on and behavi

24、or made.Susta in able developme nt strategy is to solve the problem of meeti ng con temporary people's dema nds in maximum un der the prec on diti on of un-hurt ing several gen eratio ns' dema nds of the future . It will realize the un ity of the prese nt in terests and Ion g-term in terest

25、and leave the developme nt space for desce ndan ts.The questi on of the strategic con siderati on of susta in able developme nt should in clude circulatio n, gree n en ergy and ecological efficie ncy.Gree n desig n comes from in trospectio n on en vir onmen tal and ecological disruptio n caused by d

26、esig n of moder n tech no logy and culture. Gree n desig n focuses on the bala nce relati on of pers ons and n atural ecology . Desig ners should con sider the en vir onmen tal ben efits at every decisi on of the disig n process, and try their best to reduce the destructio n to en vir onment.For in

27、dustry desig n, the core of gree n desig n is "3R", namely Reduce,Recycle and Reuse .It is n ecessary not only to reduce consun ptio n of substa nce and en ergy sources,a nd reduce letti ng of harmful substa nce,but also to classified reclaim, recycle and reuse products and parts convenien

28、 tly.Gree n desig n is not only tech ni cal ,but alsoan inno vative idea. It requires desig ner to give up some rat-fuck method excessively emphasiz ing at the style of products, and to focus on the real inno vative. He or she would desig n the form of the products with more resp on sible method and

29、 make the products len gthe n their wervice life as much as possible through succi net and perma nent modeli ng.For materials,stock and regeneration of raw materials, consumption and pollution of en vir onmen tal en ergy duri ng obta ining materials,machi ning performa nee in follow-up manu facturi

30、ng,low con sumpti on and low polluti on of en ergy ,and reclaimable duri ng discarded should be con sidered.Problems of manu facturi ng are that polluti on should be reduced or died out duri ng beg inning of manu facturi ng.Con sideratio n on pack ing, tran sport ing , sale, ect. is meant the en vir

31、 onmen tal performa nee of packag ing, gree n pack ing ,good performa nee of tran sportati on ,decreas ing self weight , reduci ng en ergy con sumpti on localized product ion and reduc ing con simpti on of work flow.Con sideratio n on the use of product concerns with waste of en ergy and resources w

32、hile produces are used , the modularizati on of en vir onmen tal performa nee , recomb ined ability , and the mades of using product while products are ren ewed , as well as other factors.Easy disassembled feature , convenient decompositi on and classificati on , reclaaimable and reusable features o

33、f materials, and recomb ined feature of parts or removes for other use should all be eon sidered duri ng the period while products are ren ewed , as well as other factors.Easy disassembled feature, convenient decompositi on and classificati on , reclaimable and reusable features of materials, and re

34、comb ined feature of parts or removed for other use should all be eon sidered duri ng the period while products are discarded .Clea n en ergy souces should be Con sidered , such as solar ern ergy , water, electricity and wind power .Clean materials concern with low pollution , innocuity, disaggregat

35、io n and reclaimable . Clea n manu facturi ng process is meant product ion with en ergy sav ing and en vir onment protecti on while used, and reclaimable while discarded.Rege nerati on and reuse of parts are powerful measure of susta in able strategy. The fact has proved that through disassembly and an alysis the proporti on of reusable material would be higher after impro ving desig n and retr