課堂 被動語態(tài) 修改課件

1、語態(tài)(Voice)是動詞的一種形式，它表示句子的主語和謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系。語態(tài)通常分為主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)(Passive Voice)表示句子的主語是動作的承受者。其句子的謂語動詞是:be + v-ed形式1 1被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成be + v-ed1）一般現(xiàn)在時）一般現(xiàn)在時 am/is/are + v-ed2）一般過去時）一般過去時 was/were + v-ed3）一般將來時）一般將來時 will be + v-edI will allow you to go out tomorrow. Youre wanted on the telephone. 有人給你打電話。 Th

2、e book was finished last week. He finished the book last week. Youll be allowed to go out tomorrow. 4）現(xiàn)在進行時和過去進行時 5）現(xiàn)在完成時和過去完成時The house is being built. They are building the house.The bikes were being repaired. They were repairing the bikes.We have translated this book into English.The house is bei

3、ng built. I had repaired the car when he came.The car had been repaired when he came.2 2被動語態(tài)的用法被動語態(tài)的用法1) 我們不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí) 行者是誰(這時都不帶由by引起的短語)。 The book is written for teachers. 這種書是為教師寫的。2) 動作的承受者是談話的中心(這時可帶 由by引起的短語)。 The shop is run by a young man. 這家商店是由一個年輕人經(jīng)營的。3) 出于禮貌措辭等方面的考慮不愿說出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。It is

4、generally considered not advisable to smoke here.一般認為在這兒吸煙是不妥當?shù)摹?)被動結(jié)構(gòu)能使句子得到更好的安排。Liu Dehua appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.劉德華在臺上出現(xiàn)，觀眾給予了熱烈的掌聲。 3.被動語態(tài)的基本句型被動語態(tài)的基本句型1).SVO句型。變被動語態(tài)時，將賓語轉(zhuǎn)成主語Albert is cleaning the car.The car is being cleaned by Albert.Have you fed the ch

5、ickens yet?Have the chickens been fed yet?2)SVoO句型。(give, send, take, bring, tell, offer, lend,write,show ,sing, buy, make, find等)將sb變成主語,sth作為保留賓語;將sth變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)主語時，sb前加介詞。We gave him some picture-books. 我們給他一些圖畫書。He was given some picture-books.Some picture-books were given to him.He found George a se

6、at.A seat was found for George.3).SVOC句型。將賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，賓語補語句型。將賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，賓語補語轉(zhuǎn)化成主語補語轉(zhuǎn)化成主語補語They named the child Tom.The child was named Tom.They saw Tom go downstairs.Tom was seen to go downstairs.They kept us waiting. We were kept waiting.4 4學(xué)習(xí)、使用被動語態(tài)應(yīng)注意下面幾點學(xué)習(xí)、使用被動語態(tài)應(yīng)注意下面幾點1) 短語動詞的被動語態(tài)，動詞后面的介詞或副詞切記不可遺漏。Thes

7、e books must be taken good care of. 這些書必須好好保管。The children were well looked after. 孩子們受到了良好的護理。2) 謂語為：動詞+名詞+介詞 的被動語態(tài)pay attention to,make use of,put an end to,lay emphasis on,take advantage of,take careof 等，其被動語態(tài)有兩種：We should pay close attention to it. Close attention should be paid to it.It should

8、be paid close attention to.We should make full use of every minute.Full use should be made of every minute.Every minute should be made full use of.3) 情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：。We can divide an atom.原子是可分的。4) 有些動詞主動語態(tài)形式表示被動語態(tài)如：sell, wash, wear, cook, read, cut, burn,tear,strike,shut close,lock,keep,dry,等。The book s

9、ells well. Silk wears well. 絲耐穿。This cloth washes well. 這種布料耐洗。An atom can be divided. 這本書暢銷。Will this meat keep till tomorrow?The door wont shut.This poem reads well.This paper tears easily.This material wont wear.This apples cook well.(這些蘋果適于烹煮)This piece of furniture cleans easily.5）.兩種被動語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)化Peo

10、ple say that he is a good teacher. It is said that he is a good teacher.He is said to be a good teacher.此類動詞還有assume,believe,claim,coinsider,expect,know,feel,fear,report,suppose,think,It is believed that he is honest. He is believed to be honest.It is reported that China has sent up anotherman-made

11、satellite.China is reported to have sent up another Man-made satellite.注意：It is hoped that you will see him again.不能說：You are hoped to see him again.此類詞還有：suggest，decide，imply（暗示）propose（提議）6）get+過去分詞能與get構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)的動詞不多Eg.He got paid by the hour.(=He was paid.)Our hour is getting painted.(=Our house is

12、.)有些已成為短語：get dressed, get lost,get married, get paid，get changed7)有些詞形式 為主動，意義為被動。a.如want,need,require和 be worth后面v-ingTheroomneeds/wants/requirescleaning.The book is worth reading. b. 系動詞sound,taste,smell,feel,look,seemStone feel cold.c.I am to blame for the mistake. d.1.The picture is peasant to

13、look at. 2.The problem seems difficult to settle. 3.The chair is comfortable to sit on.9. 謂語動詞是以下時，無被動。 happen, take place, occur,come about, arise(出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生) ，belong to, suit, fit(適合), have, let,disappear,last, fall, last（延長）,cost（花費）break down,break in, break out（爆發(fā)）appear, burst out(迸發(fā))，hold(容納)，lack

14、（缺乏），live,stay,remain,want,4. Practice:1.-Whatever happened to that woman selling newspapers? -I dont know.She_around here for a long time.A .hasnt seen B.didnt see C.hasnt been seeing D.hasnt been seen 答案答案 D。2“The ceremony has already started.” “Look! The flag is _ now.”Abeing raised BrisenCbeing

15、rose Draising答案答案 A。 rise vi.升起，不能有被動形式，升起，不能有被動形式，故故B, C不能選用。不能選用。 raise vt.舉起，升起。舉起，升起。后要接賓語，后要接賓語，故故 D不適用。不適用。 being raised正在被升起，正符合題意。正在被升起，正符合題意。 3.-I have got a headache. -No wonder.You_in front of that computer too long.A.work B.are workingC.have been working D.worked 答案答案C。4. The things talk

16、ed about in this report _ over a year ago. A. had taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. were taken place答案答案B。take place, occur, happen發(fā)生，發(fā)生，均為不及物動詞詞組，沒有被動語態(tài)。均為不及物動詞詞組，沒有被動語態(tài)。 5The anti-Japanese War _ in 1937 and it _ eight years. Awas broken out; lasted Bbroke out; lasted Cbreak out; las

17、ts Dbroke out; was lasted答案答案 B。 break out, last 均為不及物動詞均為不及物動詞（短語），沒有被動語態(tài)。（短語），沒有被動語態(tài)。6Come and sit down by the fire. Your hand _ . Afeels so cold Bis felt so coldly Cfeels so coldly Dfeel so cold答案答案 A。 feel（摸起來有（摸起來有的感覺）的感覺）seem, sound, look 等作為系動詞使用，系表結(jié)構(gòu)沒等作為系動詞使用，系表結(jié)構(gòu)沒有被動語態(tài)。有被動語態(tài)。 7.-Are we abou

18、t to have dinner? -Yes,it_in the dining-room.A.is serving B.servesC.has been served D.is being served答案答案D。8In some parts of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar. (93) Ais serving Bis served Cserves Dserved在世界上一些地區(qū)，人們飲茶時都加牛奶在世界上一些地區(qū)，人們飲茶時都加牛奶和蔗糖。和蔗糖。答案答案B。本題敘述的是一般的情況，常。本題敘述的是一般的情況，常用一般現(xiàn)在時，答案可在用一般現(xiàn)在時

19、，答案可在B和和C中選中選擇。擇。serve意思是意思是“供給供給”或或 “送上送上”，此處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。此處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。9-Mummy,the door_.My keys are locked in it again. -You_it!I told you always to carry your keys woth you.A.cant open;have asked B.wouldnt be opened;asked forC.wont open;asked forD.cant be opened;are asking for答案答案 C。10. If city noises _ from increasing, people _ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. (92) Aare not kept; will have to Bare not kept; have to Cdo not keep; will have to Ddo not keep; have to如果對城市的噪聲不加以控制，二十年后如果對城市的噪聲不加以控制，二十年后甚至在餐桌上人們將不得不大聲叫嚷才能甚至在餐桌上人們將不得不大聲叫嚷才