年國(guó)家開(kāi)放大學(xué)電大英語(yǔ)II(2)歷屆試題匯編

1、年國(guó)家開(kāi)放大學(xué)電大英語(yǔ)ii(2)歷屆試題匯編 第三部分 完形填空 genetic engineering many people are unaware that a lot of the foods they eat every day, such as bread ham and cheese, have been altered by using new technology. food can be changed. it can be made to taste different or to look different carrots can be made to taste o

2、f chocolate and apples can be made redder. some food that appears the same has been scientifically improved, for example, fish can be made to grow faster. should we be pleased or worried? will new technology bring benefits, or is it about to go out of control? genetically engineered foods are produc

3、ed by taking genetic material from one species and transferring it to another. for example, an antifreeze gene which appears naturally in arctic fish has been introduced into tomatoes and strawberries so that they dont freeze in cold weather; a human gene has been introduced into pigs to make them g

4、row more quickly. some claim great advanes. they point out that crops can be made stronger and more disease resistant, so pesticides can be reduced. they also maintain that food can be made more nutritious or that the fat content can be reduced to make it healthier. scientists are working hard to de

5、velop better aerials for mobile phones, a spokesman for phikia phones said today. it really irritates users when they lose the signal in the middle of a call, so we are developing new aerials that will enable users to receive stronger signals. many users reported that when they were travelling, the

6、signal was often lost, said the spokesman. the new aerals are designed to avoid losing the signal by receiving the message on a wider range of radio frequencies. we have learnt that this is a major concern for phone users said the spokesman. the new phones have a flexible external aerial, which user

7、s will have to get used to touching their ear or head. the aerials - make the phones able to pick up a wider range of signals. the company spokesman insisted that _ this was not a potential danger every _ safety regulation has been followed, he told our reporter. if id had one of these phones this m

8、orning, i wouldnt have missed my train coming here, joked the spokesman. the biggest adventure i ve ever had was trekking in thailand. we hired a guide (16) to take us to a village in the jungle. we didnt know that he (17) had never been there before. (18) unless we reached the village, we wouldnt b

9、e able to find somewhere to sleep, (19) so we wanted to get there in about 8 hours. after two hours we all realized we were lost. the (20) further we walked, the more confused we became. luckily after a further 4 hours we met some hunters. they didnt speak the same language as our guide, but we were

10、 able to (21) get across that we were lost. they (22) redirected us towards the village. it was after dark when we arrived there. we had been walking (23) for over 14 hours and we were (24) absolutely exhausted. we had been very lucky; if we (25) hadnt met the hunters, we would have had to sleep in

11、the jungle. i was travelling alone in western australia last year, and one day i set off to climb a high peak in that area. although in the summer there are many tourists, 1 was there out of season because there werent any tour groups. soon after i reached the top, it began to drizzle and the fog ca

12、me down . very soon, it was so thick that path. 1 take my phone with me everywhere because you never know when you will need it. eventually i called my dad, who was 9,000 miles away in the uk. he told me to phone the local emergency services, but i felt so stupid that i didnt want to. luckily , my d

13、ad realised this and made up his mind to call them himself. the rescuers called me on mobile to find out exactly where i was, but unfortunately the battery ran out after five seconds. i lay down under a rock and waited-it was nearly night time and i was cold and wet. just as they were about to call

14、off the search for the night, they found me. fortunately one rescuer had said lets try for just five more minutes. if they had given up, i would have died. genetic engineering many people are unaware that a lot of the foods they eat every day, such as bread, ham and cheese, have been altered by usin

15、g new technology. food can be changed. it can be made to taste different or to look different - carrots can be made to taste of chocolate and apples can be made redder . some food that appears the same has been scientifically improved, for example, fish can be made to grow faster. should we be pleas

16、ed or worried? will new technology bring benefits, or is it about to go out of control? genetically engineered foods are produced b y taking generic material from one species and transferring it to another. for example, an antifreeze gene which appears naturally in arctic fish has been introduced in

17、to tomatoes and strawberries _ so that _ they don t freeze in cold weather, a human gene has been introduced into pigs to make them grow more quickly. some claim great advanes. they point out that crops can be made stronger and more disease resistant, so pesticides can be reduced. they also maintain

18、 that food can be made more nutritious or that the fat content can be reduced to make it healthier. e-tiquette! emails -do you love them or hate them? whatever you feel, they are here to stay. here are some tips and ideas (16) _ for _ improving your email writing. first , starting with a greeting an

19、d ending with a closure may seem old-fashioned , but it avoids (17) _ upsetting _ people by appearing rude. it neednt be dear sir or madam , and yours faithfully , but just say hi or hello or dear (and a first name) , then close (18) with _ regards (for more formal contacts) and cheers or bye for fr

20、iends. in offices and with people you know well and email frequently , you can just begin (19) _ with _ their first name. getting emails that are not directly relevant (20) _ to _ you is very irritating. having wide mailing group lists doesnt necessarily keep people (21)_ informed _. it is estimated

21、 (22)_ that _40% of all emailsaredeletedimmediatelybecausetheyhaveanirrelevantot.frivolous subject-line. try to organise your mailing groups accurately and keep (23) _ updating _ your mailing lists regularly. if you don t do this , your messages may not (24) get through _to the people you want to se

22、nd them to because they delete them automatically without reading them. if your contact (25) is used to deleting _ irrelevant emails from you , they may also delete e any relevant ones automatically. . . scientists are working hard to develop better aerials for mobile phones, a spokesman for phikia

23、phones said today. it really irritates users when they lose the signal in the middle of a call, so we are developing new aerials that will enable users to receive stronger signals. many users reported that when they were travelling , the signal was often lost, said the spokesman. the new aerials are

24、 designed to avoid losing the signal by receiving the message on a wider range of radio frequencies. we have learnt that this is a major concern for phone users said the spokesman. the new phones have a flexible external aerial, which users will have to get used to touching their ear or head. the ae

25、rials make the phones able to pick up a wider range of signals. the company spokesman insisted that this was not a potential danger quot; every safety regulation has been followedquot;, he told our reporter. quot;if id had one of these phones this morning, i wouldnt have missed my train coming hereq

26、uot;, joked the spokesman. net becomes a british way of life the internet has become a part of everyday life for most britons, says a report published this week by _market research company netinfo. just over 70% of people questioned _ for the survey said the net had become essential. the survey reve

27、als that emailing friends and others is the nation s favourite internet activity. it also found that people spend an average of seven hours a week online, visiting 13 different websites in seven days. but 10% of all those who _surf the net are doing it for more than 20 hours a week. just over 2, 000

28、 adults in britain were interviewed for the report. the study found almost 19 million people in the uk four in _ ten adults regularly went online. but the number of new users has slowed down. numbers online grew by just 11% over the past 12 months compared with _33% the previous year. the report als

29、o reveals the increasing _ importance of the silver surfer. according to the report the number of older people online grew by more than 40% over the past year. people aged over 55 now make of _17% of the uk internet population. the survey also discovered that many workers surf the net for personal r

30、easons while at work. almost three-quarters _of workers with internet access admitted using it for pleasure, usually to email friends and family. according to bill wills, author of the survey, many employees expect some flexibility, and most employers are willing to accept this. however, employers a

31、re less likely _ to be understanding, if youre downloading movies or introducing an unfriendly virus to your company network, he said. 第四部分 理解 短文理解 2 dear uncle ric, we were very sorry to hear that you are in hospital again, but i feel sure youll be out soon. it doesnt sound very serious this time a

32、ccording to auntie ivy and in any case you have already recovered from the operation so quickly. malcolm has been working very hard all this year. because he is sitting some examinations this month and he is determined to study history at the university of oxford. although the sun has been shining a

33、ll day today, he has been sitting at home reading about the history of the french revolution. fortunately he loves books, especially history books. he spends all his time and money on books. james is totally different from his brother. he might be too young to know better. he gets bored with school

34、and studying. but he is very keen on games. he never stays indoors when the weather is reasonably fine, and today he has been playing tennis for hours with his friends. he is fond of football, but tennis is his favorite. he said that be wanted to become a professional player. his mother doesnt reall

35、y approve. robin sends you her love. we are looking forward to hearing from you and seeing you soon. 1 am sending this letter through the e-mail to auntie ivy and she will bring it to the hospital with our best wishes to you for a speedy recovery. lots of love, trevor. 親愛(ài)的叔叔里克， 我們很抱歉，你是在醫(yī)院了，但我肯定你會(huì)很快

36、出來(lái)。這聽(tīng)起來(lái)并不很?chē)?yán)重的這個(gè)時(shí)候根據(jù)常春藤阿姨和你已經(jīng)從操作恢復(fù)的這么快任何情況下。 馬爾科姆一直在今年都非常辛苦。因?yàn)樗谝恍┛荚囘@個(gè)月，他決心學(xué)習(xí)歷史的牛津大學(xué)。雖然太陽(yáng)已經(jīng)照耀今天一整天，他一直坐在家里讀書(shū)關(guān)于法國(guó)大革命的歷史。幸運(yùn)的是，他喜歡的書(shū)，特別是歷史書(shū)籍。他把所有的時(shí)間和金錢(qián)上的書(shū)籍。 詹姆斯是他的弟弟完全不同的。他可能是太年輕，不懂得更好。他厭倦了學(xué)校和學(xué)習(xí)。但他非常熱衷于游戲。他從來(lái)沒(méi)有停留在室內(nèi)時(shí)，天氣是相當(dāng)精致，而今天他一直打網(wǎng)球的時(shí)間與他的朋友。他很喜歡足球，但網(wǎng)球是他的最?lèi)?ài)。他說(shuō)，要想成為一名職業(yè)球員。他的母親并沒(méi)有真正認(rèn)同。 羅賓送你她的愛(ài)。我們期待著您的來(lái)

37、信，您的再次光臨。上午 01 時(shí)發(fā)出此信通過(guò)電子郵件阿姨常春藤，她會(huì)帶它去醫(yī)院，我們祝愿你早日康復(fù)。 滿滿的愛(ài)， 特雷弗。 31. it is certain that uncle ric is in hospital _ a. again after having fully recovered from an operation 32. it is _ who wants to study history. c. jamess elder brother 33. in the second paragraph, the sentence quot;he is sitting some ex

38、aminationsquot; means that malcolm is _ d. going to take some examinations 34. from the letter, we know that james wants to become a professional player, _ b. but robin, his mother, does not like the idea 35. this is a _ b. private letter 31.可以肯定的是里克大叔在醫(yī)院_ a.后再次具有操作完全恢復(fù) 32._是誰(shuí)愿意學(xué)習(xí)歷史。 c.詹姆斯的哥哥 33.在第二

39、個(gè)段落，句子他正坐在一些考試是指馬爾科姆是_ d.要采取一些考試 34.從信中，我們知道，詹姆斯想成為一名職業(yè)球員，_ b.但羅賓，他的母親，不喜歡這個(gè)主意 35.這是一個(gè)_ b.私信 短文理解 l some office procedures may be unfamiliar if you are a new comer in america. again, matters of time and pace crop up. work days officially start at 9:00 a.m. this should really mean 9 oclock-not ten pa

40、st or half past nine. you will find some people feel free with starting time, but employers notice this even though they do not necessarily blame it officially. employees in many nations have an idea that one works when the boss is present, but any time he is not there, if there is nothing specific

41、or pressing to do, one can relax by reading the newspaper, doing ones fingernails, or otherwise quot;passing the timequot; in a personal way. in america one is being paid for ones time. employees are expected to find other work if their own desks are dear, to finish anything left from previous days,

42、 or to help someone else with his work-but never sit without doing their duty. the employer expects value for the money he is spending. he quot;ownsquot; your time while he is paying for it. the phrase quot;time is money,quot; means exactly that. the boss is not asking more of you than he is doing h

43、imself; he will quite probably work through lunch hour and even take work home late at night. employees lunch hours should be kept within the given time (unless one is officially discussing company business. ) long lunch-time absence may be overlooked now and then, but not habitually. also, although

44、 others may start getting ready to leave the office a few minutes earlier, new employees should be careful not to cut the day short. work until the day officially ends at five oclock if you are in an office where flexible work time is the accepted procedure. flexible work hours-starting or ending wo

45、rk earlier or later-are fairly common in europe but relatively new in the u. s. a. some half million americans are on the system; some people estimate that ten million will have that option sooner or later. the system is designed to ease traffic problems at first. but it adds family time to women wo

46、rkers as a result, for it enables them to choose their time working in an office, thus allowing them more chances to work and take care of their children at the same time. besides it gives people a greater sense of control over their lives. a by-product appears to be greater worker productivity, les

47、s absenteeism and a higher sense of work ethic. 如果你是在美國(guó)一個(gè)新來(lái)的一些辦公程序可能比較陌生。 再次，時(shí)間和速度突然出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題。工作日正式開(kāi)始在上午09時(shí)這應(yīng)該真的是9點(diǎn)而不是10過(guò)去或九時(shí)半。你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一些人感到自由與起始時(shí)間，但雇主注意到這一點(diǎn)，即使他們不一定怪正式。 在許多國(guó)家的員工有一個(gè)作品的時(shí)候，老板是存在的想法，但任何時(shí)候他是不存在的，如果沒(méi)有什么特殊或榨盡，人們可以通過(guò)報(bào)紙，做一個(gè)人的指甲放松身心，或以其他方式傳遞以個(gè)人的方式的時(shí)候。在美國(guó)，一個(gè)是被支付一個(gè)人的時(shí)間。員工們希望能夠找到其他的工作，如果自己的辦公桌，親愛(ài)的，完成任何東

48、西，從以前的日子離開(kāi)，或幫助別人對(duì)他的工作 - 但決不會(huì)坐視而不做他們的職責(zé)。雇主預(yù)期值。因?yàn)樗ǖ腻X(qián)。他擁有你的時(shí)間，而他是為它付出。那句時(shí)間就是金錢(qián)，意味著正是這么做的。老板并沒(méi)有要求更多的你比他正在做自己;他很有可能通過(guò)午餐時(shí)間工作，甚至把工作帶回家深夜。 員工的午餐時(shí)間應(yīng)保持在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)（除非是正式討論公司的業(yè)務(wù)。）長(zhǎng)的午餐時(shí)間沒(méi)有可現(xiàn)在再被忽視，但不是習(xí)慣。此外，雖然別人可能開(kāi)始準(zhǔn)備離開(kāi)辦公室?guī)追昼娗?，新員工要注意不要剪的日子很短。工作，直到有一天在五點(diǎn)鐘正式結(jié)束，如果你是在辦公室，靈活的工作時(shí)間是接受的過(guò)程。靈活的工作時(shí)間 - 啟動(dòng)或提前或推后結(jié)束工作 - 在歐洲相當(dāng)普遍，但在美國(guó)

49、相對(duì)較新 一些五十萬(wàn)美國(guó)人在系統(tǒng)上;一些人估計(jì)，千萬(wàn)遲早有該選項(xiàng)。該系統(tǒng)旨在緩解交通問(wèn)題在第一。但它增加了家庭時(shí)間來(lái)女工的結(jié)果，因?yàn)樗顾麄兡軌蜻x擇自己的時(shí)間在辦公室工作，從而使他們有更多機(jī)會(huì)合作，照顧他們的孩子在同一時(shí)間。除了給人在他們生活的控制感更強(qiáng)。副產(chǎn)品似乎是更高的工作效率，更少的缺勤和工作熱情更高感。 26. in the first paragraph, the phrase quot;crop upquot; means _ d. happen or arise 27. in the sentence quot;.but employers notice this even th

50、ough they do not necessarily blame it officiallyquot;, the pronoun quot;thisquot; refers to the fact that _ b. this or that employee is late for work 28. the author suggests that it be a wrong idea that _ in america. a. if one is not busy, he can relax by reading the newspaper 29. a new employee sho

51、uld be careful _ c, not to leave the office until the day officially ends 30. what is not true as far as flexible working time is considered? a. it has greatly reduced the traffic problem. 26.在第一段中，突然出現(xiàn)的意思_ d.發(fā)生或出現(xiàn) 27.在句子.但雇主注意到這一點(diǎn)，即使他們不一定責(zé)怪正式，代詞這指的是事實(shí)，_ b.這樣或那樣的員工上班遲到 28.筆者認(rèn)為，這是因?yàn)開(kāi)在美國(guó)一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的觀念。 a.如果不

52、忙，他可以看報(bào)紙放松 29.新員工應(yīng)慎重_ c，不離開(kāi)辦公室，直到有一天正式結(jié)束 30.盡可能靈活的工作時(shí)間被認(rèn)為是什么是不是真的？ a.它大大降低了交通問(wèn)題。 解 短文理解 2 i used to think education was the most important thing in my life. recently my attitude has begun to change, although i still hold that it is essential for everyone in the world today. as a top junior student i

53、n my college, i was asked to make a speech on how to learn english well. standing in front of the audience facing so many freshmen, i was trembling. i didnt remember any word that i had prepared. i ran out of the conference room without finishing my speech, leaving everyone puzzled. i cried that nig

54、ht in my room, feeling that i was a loser. studying takes so much of my time that i feel unable to really develop myself. i am lust storing knowledge; yet fail to communicate with others. i have received many awards in school, but they dont necessarily reflect anything about me. i dont know how to s

55、ocialize. when i leave school i fear i will be of no use to society. i realize that everyone has her or his own way of living. i want to change my lifestyle. of course i will keep studying. yet i plan to look for a part time job, which might turn out to be a good chance to get to know society. i sti

56、ll believe that working my hardest does make me happy, i will still stay on in college, but i will not allow it to shelter me from the real world. 我曾經(jīng)認(rèn)為教育是我生命中最重要的事情。最近我的態(tài)度已經(jīng)開(kāi)始改變，但我仍然認(rèn)為它是世界上今天大家必不可少的。作為頂級(jí)大三的學(xué)生在我的大學(xué)，我被要求就如何學(xué)好英語(yǔ)演講。站在面對(duì)如此多的新生觀眾的面前，我在顫抖。我不記得我準(zhǔn)備任何文字。我跑出會(huì)議室沒(méi)有完成我的演講，讓每個(gè)人都感到不解。我哭了，那天晚上在我的房間，感覺(jué)我是一個(gè)失敗者。學(xué)習(xí)需要這么多我的時(shí)間，我覺(jué)得無(wú)法真正發(fā)展自己。我好色存儲(chǔ)知識(shí);但無(wú)法與人溝通。我收到了許多獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)在學(xué)校，但他們并不一定反映關(guān)于我的任何東西。我不知道如何應(yīng)酬。當(dāng)我離開(kāi)學(xué)校，我怕我會(huì)沒(méi)有用.。 我認(rèn)識(shí)到，每個(gè)人都有她或他自己的生活方式。我想改變我的生活方式。當(dāng)然，我會(huì)繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)。然而，我打算找一份兼職工作，這可能會(huì)變成是一個(gè)很好的機(jī)會(huì)去了解.。我仍然相信我最難的工作確實(shí)讓我高