2016年職稱英語理工類B級考試真題與答案

1、2016年職稱英語理工類b級真題及答案1 .The?revelation?ofhispastledtohisresignation.參考答案：B2.Jensenisdangerousman,andcanbevery?brutal.A.carelessB.cruelC.strongD.hard參考答案：B3.Youllhaveto?sprint?ifyouwanttocatchthetrain.A.jumpB.escapeC.runD.prepare參考答案：C4.Weareworriedaboutthis?fluid?situationfullwithuncertainty.A.changeb

2、leB.stableC.suitableD.adaptable參考答案：A5.Thenew?garment?fitsherperfectly.A.haircutB.purseC.clothesD.necklaceA.imaginationB.disclosureC.confirmationD.recall參考答案：C6.Thephobiamayhaveitsrootinachildhood?trauma.A.fearB.joyC.hurtD.memory參考答案：C7.Theyhavebuiltcanalsto?irrigate?thedesert.A.decorateB.waterC.cha

3、ngeD.visit參考答案：B8.Heroveralllanguageproficiencyremainsthatofa?toddler.A.disabledB.pupilC.teenagerD.baby參考答案：D9.Thecoastalareahasvery?mild?winter,butthecentralplainsremainextremelycold.參考答案：A10.Thedetailsofthecostumeweretotally?authentic.A.realB.outstandingC.creativeD.false參考答案：A11 .Weareawareofthe?p

4、otential?problems.A.globalB.possibleC.ongoingD.central參考答案：B12.Theideawasquite?brilliant.A.positiveB.cleverC.keyD.original參考答案：B13.Stockmarketprice?tumbled?afterrumorofariseininterestrate.A.regulatedB.increasedC.maintainedD.fell參考答案：D14.Thecoursegivesyoubasic?instruction?incarmaintenance.A.warmB.sev

5、ereC.hardD.dryA.coachingB.ideaC.termD.aspect參考答案：A15.Allhouseswithin100metersoftheseasare?atrisk?offlooding.A.indangerB.outofcontrolC.betweenequalsD.inparticular參考答案：A二、閱讀判斷TheTheoryofEveryoneIfStephenHawkinglivesuntiltheyear2017,hewillhavelivedmorethan50yearslongerthanhisdoctorsexpected.Whenhewasac

6、ollegestudent,doctorsdiscoveredthathehadararedisease.Thisdiseasecausesagradualdisintegration（分解）ofthenervecellsinthebraincellsthatregulatevoluntarymuscleactivity.Deathalmostalwaysoccurswithintwoorthreeyears.TodayStephenHawkingcannotwalkorspeak.Hecannotmovehisarmsorhishead.Hecannottasteorsmellanythin

7、g.AndyetthismanisProfessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversity,apositionheldbythefamousscientistIsaacNewtonin1669.HawkingisoftendescribedasthegreatestscientistsinceAlbertEinstein,buttotheworldoutsidescience,heisalsoknownasthemanwhomadescientifictheoryunderstandable.Hisbook,ABriefHistoryofTime,hassoldo

8、vereightmillioncopies.Hesaysthatsincehedoesnothavetothinkabouthisbodyordoanyofthethingsothermenhavetoworryabout,suchaswashingthecarorworkingintheyard,hecandedicateallofhistimetothinking.Thisputshimintheperfectpositiontofindtheanswertothequestionthathehasdedicatedhislifeto.Hisquestionis:Isthereacompl

9、etetheoryoftheuniverseandeverythinginitDespitehistremendousphysicaldisabilities,hehasalreadymadesomeveryimportantdiscoveriesabouttheoriginoftheuniverse,howtheuniverseholdstogether,andhowitwillprobablyend.Hehasalsobeenabletoexplainthesecretsof“blackholesinspace.Nowheislookingforasetofrulesthateveryth

10、inginouruniversemustobey.HecallsittheTheoryofEverything.Hethinksthatsomeonewillhavefoundtheanswerwithinthenext20years.IfStephenHawkingisabletofindhisTheoryofEverything,hewillhavegiventheworldtheopportunitytounderstandthingsthatwillchangethewholenatureofscienceandprobablyalsothewaywelive.16.StephenHa

11、wkingwillbe50yearsoldby2017.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned參考答案：BIfStephenHawkinglivesuntiltheyear2017,hewillhavelivedmorethan50yearslongerthanhisdoctorsexpected.17.StephenHawkingsuffersfromararebraindisease.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned參考答案：A18.StephenHawkingisProfessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversit

12、y.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned參考答案：A19.ABriefHistoryofTimeisverydifficultforstudentstounderstand.參考答案：B20.StephenHawkinghasmuchtimetothinkbecausehedoesnthavetowork.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned參考答案：A21.StephenHawkinghasspentaroundtenyearsexplainingthesecretsofA.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned參考答案：C22.TheT

13、heoryofEverythingisabouttherulesthateverythingintheuniversefollows.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned參考答案：A三、概括大意與完成句子Geothermal（地熱）EnergyA.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned1 Sinceheatnaturallymovesfromhotterregionstocoolerones,theheatfromtheearthscenterflowsoutwardstowardsthesurface.Inthisway,ittransferstothene

14、xtlayerofrock.Ifthetemperatureishighenough,someofthisrockmeltsandformsmagma（巖漿） .Themagmaascendsinitsturntowardstheearthssurface.Itoftenremainswellbelowtheearthssurface,creatingvastareasofhotrock.Insuchregions,therearedeepcracks,whichallowrainwatertodescendunderground.Someoftheheatedrainwatertravels

15、backuptotheearthssurfacewhereitwillappearasahotspring.However,ifthisascendinghotwaterreachesalayerofimpermeable（不可滲透的）rock,itremainstrapped,formingageothermalreservoir.Ifgeothermalreservoirsarecloseenoughtothesurface,theycanbereachedbydrillingwells.Hotwaterandsteamshootupthewellsnaturally,andcanbeus

16、edtoproduceelectricityingeothermalpowerplants.2 .Afewgeothermalpowerplantsdependondry-stemreservoirswhichproducesteambutlittleornowater.Inthesecases,thesteamispipedupdirectlytoprovidethepowertospinaturbinegenerator.Thefirstgeothermalpowerplant,constructedatLardarelloinItaly,wasofthistype,andisstillp

17、roducingelectricitytoday.3.Mostcurrentlyoperatinggeothermalpowerplantsareeitherflashsteamplantsorbinary（雙重的）plants.Flashplantsproducemainlyhotwaterrangingintemperaturefrom3000to7000Fahrenheit.Thiswaterispassedthroughoneortwoseparatorswherereleasedfromthepressureoftheundergroundreservoir,itflashesorb

18、oilsintosteamAgain,theforceofthissteamprovidestheenergytospintheturbineandproduceelectricity.Thegeothermalwaterandsteamarethenreinjecteddirectlybackdownintotheearthtomaintainthevolumeandpressureofthereservoir.Graduallytheywillbereheatedandcanthenbeusedagain.4.Areservoirwithtemperaturesbelow3000Fahre

19、nheitisnothotenoughtoflashsteambutitcanstillbeusedtogenerateelectricityinbinaryfluid.Thesteamfromthisisusedtopowertheturbines.Asintheflashsteamplant,thegeothermalwaterisrecycledbackintothereservoir.23.Paragraph1A.DrysteamplantsB.BinaryplantsC.OriginofgeothermalenergyD.GenerationofelectricityE.Flashs

20、teamplantsF.Recyclablewaterandsteam參考答案：C24Paragraph2A.DrysteamplantsB.BinaryplantsC.OriginofgeothermalenergyD.GenerationofelectricityE.FlashsteamplantsF.Recyclablewaterandsteam參考答案：A25Paragraph3A.DrysteamplantsB.BinaryplantsC.Originofgeothermalenergy0.GenerationofelectricityE.FlashsteamplantsF.Recy

21、clablewaterandsteam參考答案：E26Paragraph4A.DrysteamplantsB.BinaryplantsC.OriginofgeothermalenergyD.GenerationofelectricityE.FlashsteamplantsF.Recyclablewaterandsteam參考答案：F27.AgeothermalreservoirisformedwhenhotwateristrappedunderA.theenergytoturnaturbineB.impermeablerockC.oneortwoseparatorsD.turbineopera

22、torE.littleornowaterF.hotsprings參考答案：B28.Adry-steamreservoirproducessteamwithA.theenergytoturnaturbineB.impermeablerockC.oneortwoseparatorsD.turbineoperatorE.littleornowaterF.hotsprings29.FlashplantsproducehotwaterthroughA.theenergytoturnaturbineB.impermeablerockC.oneortwoseparatorsD.turbineoperator

23、E.littleornowaterF.hotsprings參考答案：C10.Inabinaryplant,theheatofthegeothermalwatercanbeconvertedintoA.theenergytoturnaturbineB.impermeablerockC.oneortwoseparatorsD.turbineoperatorE.littleornowaterF.hotsprings參考答案：A四、閱讀理解SmartWindowsI.Windowsnotonlyletlightintocutdownanelectricityuseforlighting,butthel

24、ightcomingthroughthewindowalsoprovidesheat.However,windowsarenotsomethingpeopletypicallyassociatewithbeingacuttingedgetechnology.Researchersarenowworkingonnewtechnologiesthatenableawindowtoquicklychangefromcleartodarkandanywhereinbetweeneasily.2 .Ittookusalongtimetofigureoutwhatawindowreallyis,saysC

25、laesGranqvist.Hesaprofessorofsolid-statephysicsatUppsalaUniversityinSweden.Itscontactwiththeoutsideworld.Youhavetohavevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworldtofeelwell.So,windowsandnaturallightareimportantforimprovingthewaypeoplefeelwhentheyrestuckindoors.3 .Yet,windowsaretheweaklinkinabuildingwhenitco

26、mestoenergyandtemperaturecontrol.Inthewinter,coldairleaksin.Whenitshotandsunny,sunlightstreamsin.Allofthissunlightcarrieslotsofheatandenergy.Andallofthisextraheatforcespeopletoturnontheirairconditioners.Producingcoldair,whichcanfeelsorefreshing（使人清新的）,actuallysuckupenormousamountsofelectricityinbuil

27、dingsaroundtheworld.4.Windowshavebeenamajorfocusofenergyresearchforalongtime.Overtheyears,scientistshavecomeupwithavarietyofstrategiesforcoating,glazing（用玻璃覆蓋），andlayeringwindowstomakethemmoreenergyefficient.Smartwindowsgoastepfurther.Theyusesomechromogenic（發(fā)色的）technologiesinvolvingchangesofcolor.5.

28、Electrochromic（電致色的）windowsuseelectricitytochangecolor.Forexample,asheetofglasscoatedwiththinlayersoftungstenoxide（氧化鴇）worksabitlikeabattery.Tungstenoxideisclearwhenanelectricchargeisappliedanddarkwhenthechargeisremoved,thatis,whentheamountofvoltage（電壓）isdecreased,thewindowdarkensuntilitscompletelyd

29、arkafterallelectricityistakenaway.Soapplyingavoltagedetermineswhetherthewindowlooksclearordark.6 .Oneimportantfeaturethatmakesasmartwindowsosmartisthatithasasortofmemory.Allittakesisasmallshockofvoltagetoturnthewindowfromonestatetotheother.Then,itstaysthatway.Transitionstakefrom10secondstoafewminute

30、s,dependingonthesizeofthewindow.Thedevelopmentofsmartwindowscouldmeanthatmassiveairconditioningsystemsmaynolongerneed.Inthefuture,Granqvistsays,ourbuildingsmaylookdifferent.31.WhichofthefollowingvaluesofwindowsisNOTmentionedA.Theyletlightintobrightenthehouse.B.Theyletlightintoheatthehouse.C.Theyletu

31、shavevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworld.D.Theyletusthinkabouttheoutsideworld.參考答案：D32.TheexpressionwhenitcomestoinParagraph3isusedtoA.signalthearrivalofaguest.B.indicatetherecoveryofconsciousness.C.showourunderstandingofsomething.D.introduceanewaspectofatopic.參考答案：D33.AccordingtoParagraph4,smartwi

32、ndowsarethewindowsthatA.arecosted.B.areglazed.C.haveseverallayers.D.canchangecolor.參考答案：D34.WhichparagraphgivesanaccountofthewayelectrochromicwindowschangingA.Paragraph5.B.Paragraph3.C.Paragraph4.D.Paragraph6.參考答案：A35.AsmartwindowsissmartmainlybecauseA.itcanchangeitssize.B.itcanchangeitsstructure.C.

33、itcanchangethevoltageofelectricity.D.ithasasortofmemory.參考答案：DSportsStarYaoMingIfYaoMingisnotthebiggestsportsstarintheworld,heisalmostcertainlythetallest.At2.26m,heisthetallestplayerintheNationalBasketballAssociation（NBA）andholdstherecordasthemosttoweringOlympianevertocompeteintheGames.Butwhatreally

34、standsoutaboutthegiantcenterishiscelebrity（名氣）.Few,ifany,Chineseathletesareaswell-knownasYaoaroundtheworld.PeopleacrosstheglobearefascinatedwithYao,notonlyforhisbasketballprowess（杰出的才能）alsoforbeingasymbolofinternationalcommerce.WhenYaojoinedtheHoustonRocketsastheNo.1pickinthe2002NBAdraft（選拔），hewasth

35、efirstinternationalplayerevertobeselectedfirst.HisassetsonthecourtareclearenoughnoNBAplayerofhissizehaseverpossessedhismobility,soheisahandful（難對付的人）foropponentsoneitherendofthecourt.ButwhatmakesYaoinvaluabletotheRocketsorganizationishisroleasaglobalcitizenandasabridgetomillionsofpotentialbasketball

36、fansinChina.WhenitwasannouncedinFebruarythatYaowouldmisstherestoftheNBAseasonandpossiblytheOlympicswithastressfracture（骨折）inhisleftfoot,acollectiveshudder（震動）spreadacrossChina.Afterconsiderabledebateanddiscussion,Yaooptedtogethisfootsurgicallytreatedinanoperationthatplacedseveraltinyscrewsacrosstheb

37、one,toofferhisoverburdenedfootmoresupport.Thesurgerywasasuccess,andthoughtheestimatedfour-monthrecoveryperiodwillleavehimlittletimetopreparewithTeamChina,YaohasvowedtobereadyfortheBeijingOlympics.Yaowrappedupa10-daytriptoChina,whereheunderwentaseriesoftraditionalChinesemedicine（TCM）treatments,hoping

38、toacceleratehisrecoveryprocessWesternexpertsaregenerallyskepticalofTCMsbenefitsalthoughnewresearchfromtheUniversityofRochestersuggeststhatacertaincompoundderivedfromshellfishmayindeedstimulatebonerepair.ThereisnoreasontodismissTCM,YaotoldapressconferenceinBeijing.Itsbeenusedinourcountryforthousandso

39、fyears.Idontthinkthatitsshortonscience.36.ThewordtoweringinParagraph1meansA.large.B.fat.C.tall.D.great.參考答案：C37.OpponentsfinditverydifficulttocontrolYaoMingbecauseofhisA.mobility.B.assault.C.defense.D.celebrity.參考答案：A38.YaoMinghadtoundergoaseriesofTCMtreatmentsbecauseA.hisrightfoothadbeenhurting.B.h

40、ewantedtomakeamorerapidrecovery.C.thesurgicaloperationhadbeenafailure.D.hecouldntaffordallthemedicalexpenses.參考答案：B39.WhichstatementaboutYaoMingisNOTtrueA.HemissedtheAthensOlympics.40 HeisanNBAplayer.C.Hefracturedhisleftfoot.D.Heisaninternationalfigure.參考答案：A40.Ingeneral,theWesternexpertsattitudetow

41、ardsTCMisA.indifferent.B.positive.C.negative.D.doubtful.參考答案：DCanyouhearThisWhensomethingcreatesasoundwaveinaroomoranauditorium,listenershearthesoundwavedirectlyfromthesource.Theyalsohearthereflectionsasthesoundbouncesoffthewalls,floor,andceiling.Thesearecalledthereflectedwaveorreverberant(反射的)sound

42、,whichcanbeheardevenafterthesoundisnolongercomingfromthesource.Thereverberationtimeofanauditoriumisdeterminedbythevolumeorinteriorsizeoftheauditorium.Itisalsodeterminedbyhowwellorhowpoorlythewalls,ceiling,floor,andcontentsoftheroom(includingthepeople)absorbsound.Thereisnoidealreverberationtime.Becau

43、seeachuseofanauditoriumcallsfordifferentreverberation.Speechneedstobeunderstoodclearly:thereforeroomsusedfortalkingmusthaveashortreverberationtime.Thefull-soundperformanceofmusicsuchasWagneroperasorMahlersymphoniesshouldhavealongreverberationtime.Thelight,rapidmusicalpassagesofBachorMozartneedarever

44、berationtimesomewherebetween.Acousticproblemsoftenarecausedbypoorauditoriumdesign.Smooth,curvedreflectingsurfacescreatelargereflections.Parallel（平行的）wallsreflectsoundbackandforth,creatingarapid,repetitivepulsingeffect.Largepillars（柱）andcornerscancauseacousticshadowsasthesoundwavestrytopassaroundtheo

45、bject.Someoftheseproblemscanbesolvedbyusingabsorbersandreflectorstochangethereverberationtimeofaroom.Forexample,hanginglargereflectors,calledclouds,overtheperformerswillallowsomesoundfrequenciestoreflectandotherstopasstoachieveapleasingmixtureofsound.41.ThispassageismainlyaboutA.soundwavesandtheiref

46、fects.B.thetypesofmusicorchestrasplay.C.wallsofanauditorium.D.thedesignofanauditorium.參考答案：D42.WagneroperasandMahlersymphonieswithfull-soundeffecthaveA.ashortreverberationtime.B.anintermediatereverberationtime.C.noreverberationtime.D.alongreverberationtime.參考答案：D43.Thispassagesuggeststhatagoodaudito

47、riumshouldA.getridofallreflections.B.nothaveabsorbers.C.achieveapleasingmixtureofsound.D.havesmoothsurfaces.參考答案：D44.LargepillarsandcornersmayA.makesoundrichandfull.B.becuresforsoundproblems.C.besourcesofsoundproblems.0.functionaseffectivelyasclouds.參考答案：C45.Thewordacousticinthelastparagraphhassomet

48、hingtodowithA.performance.B.sound.C.audience.D.weather.參考答案：B五、補全短文WhatIsaDreamForcenturies,peoplehavewonderedaboutthestrangethingsthattheydreamabout.Somepsychologistssaythatthisnighttimeactivityofthemindhasnospecialmeaning.Others,however,thinkthatdreamsareanimportantpartofourlives.Infact,manyexpert

49、sbelievethatdreamscantellusaboutapersonsmindandemotions.Beforemoderntimes,manypeoplethoughtthatdreamscontainedmessagesfromGod.(46)TheAustrianpsychologist,SigmundFreud,wasprobablythefirstpersontostudydreamsscientifically.Inhisfamousbook,TheinterpretationofDreams(1900),Freudwrotethatdreamsareanexpress

50、ionofapersonswishes.Hebelievedthatdreamsallowpeopletoexpressthefeelings,thoughts,andfearsthattheyareafraidtoexpressinreallife.TheSwisspsychiatristCarlJungwasonceastudentofFreuds.Jung,however,hadadifferentideaaboutdreams.Jungbelievedthatthepurposeofadreamwastocommunicateamessagetothedreamer.(47)Forex

51、ample,peoplewhodreamaboutfallingmaylearnthattheyhavetoohighanopinionofthemselves.Ontheotherhand,peoplewhodreamaboutbeingheroesmaylearnthattheythinktoolittleofthemselves.Modern-daypsychologistscontinuetodeveloptheoriesaboutdreams.Forexample,psychologistW川iamDomhofffromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaC

52、ruz,believesthatdreamsaretightlylinkedtoapersonsdailylife,thoughts,andbehavior.(48)Domhoffbelievesthatthereisaconnectionbetweendreamsandage.Hisresearchshowsthatchildrendonotdreamasmuchasadults.AccordingtoDomhoff,dreamingisamentalskillthatneedstimetodevelop.Hehasalsofoundalinkbetweendreamsandgender.H

53、isstudiesshowthatthedreamsofmenandwomenaredifferent.(49)Thisisnottrueofwomensdreams.Domhofffoundthisgenderdifferenceinthedreamsofpeoplefrom11culturesaroundtheworld,includingbothmodernandtraditionalones.CandreamshelpusunderstandourselvesPsychologistscontinuetotrytoanswerthisquestionindifferentways.(5

54、0)Thedreammayhavemeaning,butitdoesnotmeanthatsometerribleeventwillactuallytakeplace.Itsimportanttorememberthattheworldofdreamsisnottherealworld.A.Forexample,thepeopleinmensdreamsareoftenothermen,andthedreamsofteninvolvefighting.B.Menandwomendreamaboutdifferentthings.C.Acriminal,forexample,mightdream

55、aboutcrime.D.However,onethingtheyagreeonthis:Ifyoudreamthatsomethingterribleisgoingtooccur,youshouldntpanic.E.Itwasonlyinthetwentiethcenturythatpeoplestartedtostudydreamsinascientificway.F.Hethoughtpeoplecouldlearnmoreaboutthemselvesbythinkingabouttheirdreams.參考答案：E46.A.Forexample,thepeopleinmensdre

56、amsareoftenothermen,andthedreamsofteninvolvefighting.B.Menandwomendreamaboutdifferentthings.C.Acriminal,forexample,mightdreamaboutcrime.D.However,onethingtheyagreeonthis:Ifyoudreamthatsomethingterribleisgoingtooccur,youshouldntpanic.E.Itwasonlyinthetwentiethcenturythatpeoplestartedtostudydreamsinasc

57、ientificway.F.Hethoughtpeoplecouldlearnmoreaboutthemselvesbythinkingabouttheirdreams.參考答案：F47.A.Forexample,thepeopleinmensdreamsareoftenothermen,andthedreamsofteninvolvefighting.B.Menandwomendreamaboutdifferentthings.C.Acriminal,forexample,mightdreamaboutcrime.D.However,onethingtheyagreeonthis:Ifyou

58、dreamthatsomethingterribleisgoingtooccur,youshouldntpanic.E.Itwasonlyinthetwentiethcenturythatpeoplestartedtostudydreamsinascientificway.F.Hethoughtpeoplecouldlearnmoreaboutthemselvesbythinkingabouttheirdreams.參考答案：C48.A.Forexample,thepeopleinmensdreamsareoftenothermen,andthedreamsofteninvolvefighti

59、ng.B.Menandwomendreamaboutdifferentthings.C.Acriminal,forexample,mightdreamaboutcrime.D.However,onethingtheyagreeonthis:Ifyoudreamthatsomethingterribleisgoingtooccur,youshouldntpanic.E.Itwasonlyinthetwentiethcenturythatpeoplestartedtostudydreamsinascientificway.F.Hethoughtpeoplecouldlearnmoreaboutth

60、emselvesbythinkingabouttheirdreams.參考答案：A49.A.Forexample,thepeopleinmensdreamsareoftenothermen,andthedreamsofteninvolvefighting.B.Menandwomendreamaboutdifferentthings.C.Acriminal,forexample,mightdreamaboutcrime.D.However,onethingtheyagreeonthis:Ifyoudreamthatsomethingterribleisgoingtooccur,youshould