系統(tǒng)解剖學(xué)---顱骨ppt課件

1、The Skull王王 配配 軍軍醫(yī)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)課件組醫(yī)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)課件組medelites1.1.掌握顱的組成，腦顱、面顱的劃分。掌握顱的組成，腦顱、面顱的劃分。2.2.掌握顱底內(nèi)面觀的主要構(gòu)造。掌握顱底內(nèi)面觀的主要構(gòu)造。3.3.掌握眶、骨性鼻腔的形狀特征。骨性鼻旁掌握眶、骨性鼻腔的形狀特征。骨性鼻旁 竇的稱號、位置及開口。竇的稱號、位置及開口。4.4.掌握顱骨的常用骨性標(biāo)志：眉弓、顴弓、掌握顱骨的常用骨性標(biāo)志：眉弓、顴弓、 下頜角、舌骨、乳突、枕外隆突。下頜角、舌骨、乳突、枕外隆突。5.5.了解新生兒顱骨的特征及生后變化。了解新生兒顱骨的特征及生后變化。目的要求目的要求系統(tǒng)解剖學(xué)的課程要求和學(xué)

2、習(xí)方法系統(tǒng)解剖學(xué)的課程要求和學(xué)習(xí)方法 課程要求課程要求 1 1 掌握人體解剖學(xué)的根本內(nèi)掌握人體解剖學(xué)的根本內(nèi)容和根本技藝，掌握常用英文解剖容和根本技藝，掌握常用英文解剖學(xué)詞匯，正確認(rèn)識各器官、構(gòu)造的學(xué)詞匯，正確認(rèn)識各器官、構(gòu)造的正常位置與形狀，并能正確運(yùn)用解正常位置與形狀，并能正確運(yùn)用解剖學(xué)術(shù)語描畫。剖學(xué)術(shù)語描畫。 2 2培育自學(xué)才干、察看才干、培育自學(xué)才干、察看才干、表達(dá)才干以及分析問題和處理問題表達(dá)才干以及分析問題和處理問題的才干。的才干。 學(xué)習(xí)方法學(xué)習(xí)方法1 1樹立正確的學(xué)習(xí)目的和態(tài)度。樹立正確的學(xué)習(xí)目的和態(tài)度。2 2勤于思索，擅長聯(lián)絡(luò)，發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律。勤于思索，擅長聯(lián)絡(luò)，發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律。3 3形狀

3、與功能結(jié)合。形狀與功能結(jié)合。4 4部分與整體結(jié)合。部分與整體結(jié)合。5 5實(shí)際與實(shí)踐結(jié)合。實(shí)際與實(shí)踐結(jié)合。如何學(xué)習(xí)？如何學(xué)習(xí)？如何記憶？如何記憶？學(xué)科特點(diǎn)？學(xué)科特點(diǎn)？運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)運(yùn)動系統(tǒng)The skullThe skull contains 23 bones. The skull is divided into two parts :cranialskull and facialskull.( (一一The cranial skull The cranial skull The cerebral cranium consists of eight cranial bones . one fronta

4、l one ethmoid one sphenoid one occipital two parietal two temporal maxilla palatine paired zygomatic bones nasal lacrimal bones inferior nasal conchae vomer Unpaired mandible bones hyoid( (二二The facial skullThe facial skull The facial cranium are fifteen in number. 1. The mandible 2. The hyoidangle

5、of mandible( (三三The whole view of The whole view of the skullthe skull 1.The superior aspect of the skull coronal suture sagittal suture lambdoid suture 2.The posterior aspect of the skull external occipital protuberance superior nuchal line 3.The internal surface of the base of skull It is divided

6、into three fossa. These are the anterior,the middle and the posterior cranial fossa. frontal crest foramen cecum crista galli cribriform plat cribriform foramina (1) The anterior cranial fossa hypophysial fossa optic canal anterior clinoid process dorsum sellae posterior clinoid process superior orb

7、ital fissure foramen lacerum foramen rotundum foramen ovale foramen spinosum sulcus for middle meningeal artery(2) The middle cranial fossa foramen magnum hypoglossal canal internal occipital protuberance sulcus for superior sagittal sinus sulcus for transverse sinus sulcus for sigmoid sinus jugular

8、 foramen internal acoustic pore (3) The posterior cranial fossa 4.The external surface of the base of skull alveolar arch incisive foramina greater palatine posterior nasal apertures occipital condyle hypoglossal canal jugular foramen styloid process stylomastoid foramen 5.The lateral view of skull

9、external acoustic pore mastoid process zygomatic arch temporal fossa infratemporal fossa pterion pterygopalatine fossa硬膜外出血硬膜外出血翼點(diǎn)翼點(diǎn) 6.The front view of skull (2) the orbits orbital opening supraorbital foramen (notch) orbital apex:optic canal superior wall:lacrimal fossa medial wall: lacrimal sac f

10、ossa, nasolacrimal canal (1) the forehead superciliary arch inferior wall: inferior orbital fissure, inferior orbital foramen lateral wall: superior orbital fissure nasal septem superior middle conchae inferior superior middle meatus inferior sphenoethmoidal recess(3) the bony nasal cavity (4) the paranasal sinuses the fro