2000-2013年考研英語(yǔ)完形填空真題和答案

1、2000-2013年考研英語(yǔ)完形填空真題和答案2013年考研英語(yǔ)(一)真題Section IUse of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information whenmaking individual decisions. At

2、 first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability tomake judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But DrSimonton speculated that an inability to consider the big3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the dailysamples of information they were working with.4, he theorized that

3、a judge 5 of appearing too soft6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendantsonly to forced community service on that day.To 8 this idea, they turned their attention to theuniversity-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of anapplicant sh

4、ould not depend on the few others 10 randomlyfor interview during the same day, but Dr Simonton suspected the truth was 11.He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews 12by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14numerous factors into consi

5、deration. The scores were 15used in conjunction with an applicant ' s score on the GMAT, a standardized examwhich is 16 out of 800 points, to makea decision on whether to accept him or her.Dr Simonton found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points

6、or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the nextapplicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. Thismight sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decreasea candidate would need 30 more GMApoints than would otherwise have been 20.1. A grants B submits C transmits D deli

7、vers2. A minor B external C crucial D objective3. A issue B vision C picture D moment2000-2013年考研英語(yǔ)完形填空真題和答案4. A Above all B On average C In principle D For example5. A fond B fearful C capable D thoughtless6. A in B for C to D on7. A if B until C though D unless8. A. test B. emphasize C. share D. p

8、romote9. A. decision B. quality C. status D. success10. A. found B. studied C. chosen D. identified11. A. otherwise B. defensible C. replaceable D. exceptional12. A. inspired B. expressed C. conducted D. secured13. A. assigned B. rated C. matched D. arranged14. A. put B. got C. took D. gave15. A. in

9、stead B. then C. ever D. rather16. A. selected B. passed C. marked D. introduced17. A below B after C above D before2000-2013年考研英語(yǔ)完形填空真題和答案18. A jump B float C fluctuate D drop19. A achieve B undo C maintain D disregard20. A necessary B possible C promising D helpful2013考研英語(yǔ)（一）答案Section I Use of Eng

10、lish1 .【答案】A grants【解析】第一句提到“總體而言，當(dāng)人們自己做決定時(shí)，并不 擅長(zhǎng)考慮背景信息?！钡诙漤樈由衔模罢б豢催@是一種優(yōu)勢(shì)”， that引起定語(yǔ)從句，這種優(yōu)勢(shì)使人們具有一種能力，即能夠做出不 受外界因素影響的不帶偏見的決定。B選項(xiàng)submit ”服從，提交”， 不能與ability 連用，C選項(xiàng)transmit"傳輸，發(fā)射”，也不能與ability 搭配，D選項(xiàng)deliver “傳遞”，同樣不能與ability 搭 配。A, C, D無(wú)論從搭配上還是意思上都不合適。A選項(xiàng)grant本身具有賦予，授予的意思。故答案選 A2 .【答案】D external【解

11、析】external外部因素和上文的background information 同義復(fù)現(xiàn)，不考慮背景信息，不受外界因素影響。A選項(xiàng)minor次要的，B選項(xiàng)objective 客觀的，C選項(xiàng)crucial殘酷的，D選項(xiàng) external 外部的，故答案選D。6.【答案】B on3 .【答案】C picture【解析】第三題本句but引起句意轉(zhuǎn)折?！暗荴X推測(cè)不考慮 大局會(huì)導(dǎo)致決策者被日常接觸的信息影響而帶有偏見?！笔紫茸⒁?到空前面有定冠詞the,指代上文信息，即不考慮背景信息、不考慮 大環(huán)境。而大局，大環(huán)境的表達(dá)，此處選擇 picture是最貼切的。A 選項(xiàng)issue 問(wèn)題，B選項(xiàng)visi

12、on 想象力，美景都不合適，故答案 選Q4 .【答案】A For example【解析】通讀后面的句子，提到了法官與被告，這明顯是生活 當(dāng)中的一個(gè)具體的實(shí)例，故答案選A。而B選項(xiàng)on average "平均， 通?！保霈F(xiàn)的話，周圍往往應(yīng)該要出現(xiàn)數(shù)字。C選項(xiàng)inprinciple”大體上，原則上”，后面需要出現(xiàn)的是總結(jié)性的話語(yǔ)，D選項(xiàng)above all “首先”是用來(lái)列舉條目，將 BCD非除。5 .【答案】B fearful【解析】從句意上來(lái)看“例如，他們提出理論，認(rèn)為法官不敢 在罪行面前表現(xiàn)得太軟弱，如果當(dāng)天已經(jīng)宣判五六名被告執(zhí)行緩刑， 那么他很有可能將下一個(gè)人送入監(jiān)獄。A選項(xiàng)fo

13、nd of喜歡，B選項(xiàng)fear of 懼怕，C選項(xiàng) capable of 有能力，D選項(xiàng) thoughtless of 考慮不周，故答案選B?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)句內(nèi)的邏輯關(guān)系，在對(duì)待犯罪行為方面害怕表現(xiàn) 出太軟弱，在。方面，關(guān)于。的表達(dá)應(yīng)該用介詞on,故答案為R7 .【答案】A if【解析】A if表?xiàng)l件。B選項(xiàng)until表時(shí)間，往往跟not連用，直接排除。C選項(xiàng)though表讓步，D選項(xiàng)unless相當(dāng)于if.not 。 通讀空格所在的前后句子，得出這兩句之間的邏輯關(guān)系是表示條件 的。8 .【答案】D test【解析】首先注意到idea前面有定冠詞this ,很明顯指代上文 提出的觀點(diǎn)。而且跟上x

14、x法官為例一樣，下文“他們把注意力轉(zhuǎn)向 大學(xué)錄取過(guò)程”也是上文觀點(diǎn)的例證，目的是對(duì)上文的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行檢 驗(yàn)，而不是A選項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)”，B選項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)”或C選項(xiàng)“分享”，故 答案選a9 .【答案】D success【解析】A選項(xiàng)decision “決定”，B選項(xiàng)quality “質(zhì)量，品 質(zhì)”，C選項(xiàng)status “地位”，D選項(xiàng)success “成功”。申請(qǐng)者的 不應(yīng)該取決于同一天隨機(jī)選到的其他幾名申請(qǐng)者。接著下文講 到面試官面試MB旭請(qǐng)者的結(jié)果results，因此第9題應(yīng)該也有結(jié)果的意思，與下文結(jié)合是達(dá)到正面的結(jié)果，因此答案是即“申請(qǐng)者的 成功”。其它選項(xiàng)帶入原文重疊答案，與原義不符合10 .【答案】

15、A chosen【解析】空格后面有一個(gè)副詞為randomly,隨機(jī)地，既然是隨 機(jī)，那么選項(xiàng)B選項(xiàng)studied "研究過(guò)的"，C選項(xiàng)found "找到的” D選項(xiàng)identified"經(jīng)鑒定的”就與randomly是相矛盾的，全部排除。11 .【答案】D otherwise【解析】本題解題關(guān)鍵在于 but,通過(guò)suspect可以看出Dr. Simonton與前文意思相反，因此otherwise正好符合題意。12 .【答案】C conducted【解析】此外明顯缺一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞作interviews的定語(yǔ)，再看 by后面的officers ,只有condu

16、cted （執(zhí)行），符合語(yǔ)境，故為正 確答案。13 .【答案】B rated【解析】本題末尾one to five（從一到五），前面又有一個(gè)on a scale （的范圍），A分配，D排列語(yǔ)義上說(shuō)不通，再綜合后 面的factor （因素），對(duì)比一下，只有B （劃分等級(jí)），整合起來(lái),即劃分成一到五個(gè)等級(jí)，合情合理 Cmatch看似與to搭配，但也不符合文意，故正確答案為B.14 .【答案】D took【解析】本題需聯(lián)系整句話，take - into consideration （考 慮，涉及），從形式上來(lái)說(shuō)沒(méi)有問(wèn)題，再?gòu)囊饬x上來(lái)看，說(shuō)“這個(gè) 等級(jí)考慮了幾種因素”，是對(duì)上文評(píng)級(jí)的進(jìn)一步解釋，也沒(méi)有

17、問(wèn) 題。15 .【答案】B then【解析】還是承接上文講到的評(píng)級(jí)得分，后半句講到的是（平 時(shí)學(xué)校等級(jí)）考試得分，再結(jié)合中間 conjunction 一詞（聯(lián)接）， 可以推斷為then （具有承接之意），因此為正確答案，而 A和D為 同一意義和用法（代替），與conjunctionxx , C說(shuō)不通，故也為錯(cuò) 誤選項(xiàng)。16 .【答案】C marked【解析】本題出在一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句上，先行詞為 a standardized exam,后半句是800分，考試和分?jǐn)?shù)之間首選 marked, 選項(xiàng)B通過(guò)具有一定的干擾性，但注意主語(yǔ)是考試，所以正確選項(xiàng) 為Q A為無(wú)關(guān)選項(xiàng)。17.【答案】A bef

18、ore2000-2013年考研英語(yǔ)完形填空真題和答案【解析】本句屬于比較級(jí)，對(duì)比的是幾個(gè)面試者的分?jǐn)?shù)， C D 是空間上的上下，而這里缺的時(shí)間上的先后，故排除C和D, B是“之 后”，不符合語(yǔ)言先后邏輯，故正確答案為 A.18 .【答案】C drop【解析】解本題需往下看，torhe effects of such a decrease, 由此可以判斷接下來(lái)那個(gè)應(yīng)聘者的分?jǐn)?shù)是出現(xiàn)了下降，故正確選項(xiàng) C.19 .【答案】B undo【解析】該句為不定式作主語(yǔ)，“（面試考官可能給）更低的 分?jǐn)?shù)”所帶來(lái)的影響，可以推斷，是消除或是抵消這種不利結(jié)果， 應(yīng)聘者需要在GMATxx3G, A “達(dá)到”，C

19、“保持” D “漠視”明 顯不符，故B為正確答案。20 .【答案】C necessary【解析】該題難度較大，需把句意弄懂，也就是“這30分是比 所多的”建議把四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入空格處， A有前途的，B可能的， C必須的，D有幫助的，對(duì)比之后，只有 C最合邏輯2012年考研英語(yǔ)（一）試題Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 point

20、s)The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot 1its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law 2 justicesbehave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that 3 the court ' s reputation for beingindependent

21、 and impartial.Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court' s decisions will be 4 as impartial judgments. Partof the problem is that the justices are not 5 by an ethicscode. At the very least, the court should makei

22、tself 6 tothe code of conduct that 7 to the rest of the federaljudiciary.This and other similar cases 8 the question of whetherthere is still a 9 between the court and politics.The framers of the Constitution envisioned law10 having authority apart from politics. They gavejustices permanent position

23、s 11 they would be free to12 those in power and have no need to 13 politicalsupport. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely 14.Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social 15 like liberty andp

24、roperty. When the court deals with social policy decisions,the law it 16 is inescapably political-which is whydecisions split along ideological lines are so easily 17 as unjust.The justices must 18 doubts about the court ' slegitimacy by making themselves 19 to the code of conduct.That would mak

25、erulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and,20, convincing as law.1. Aemphasize Bmaintain Cmodify D recognize2. Awhen Blest Cbefore D unless3. Arestored Bweakened Cestablished D eliminated4. Achallenged Bcompromised Csuspected D accepted5. Aadvanced Bcaught Cbound Dfounded6. Aresis

26、tant Bsubject Cimmune Dprone7. Aresorts Bsticks Cloads Dapplies8. Aevade Braise Cdeny Dsettle9. Aline Bbarrier Csimilarity Dconflict10. Aby Bas Cthough Dtowards11. Aso Bsince Cprovided Dthough12. Aserve Bsatisfy Cupset Dreplace13. Aconfirm Bexpress Ccultivate Doffer14. Aguarded Bfollowed Cstudied Dt

27、ied15. Aconcepts Btheories ©divisions Dconceptions16. Aexcludes Bquestions Cshapes Dcontrols17. Adismissed Breleased Cranked Ddistorted18. Asuppress Bexploit Caddress Dignore19. Aaccessible Bamiable CagreeableDaccountable20. Aby all means Bat all costs Cin a word Das a result2012考研英語(yǔ)（一）答案Sectio

28、n I1 .【答案】B【解析】從空后信息可以看出，這句表達(dá)的是“法官表 現(xiàn)得像政治家”的情況下，法庭就不能保持其作為法律法規(guī)的合法衛(wèi) 士的形象，所以應(yīng)該選 C, maintain ”維持，保持”，其他顯然語(yǔ)義 不通。2 .【答案】A【解析】從第三段可以看出，文章認(rèn)為法院和政治之間應(yīng)該是有 界限的。所以這里應(yīng)該是當(dāng)法官像政治家一樣行事，模糊了二者之間的區(qū)別時(shí)，就失去了其作為法律衛(wèi)士的合法性。只有 B, when表示這 個(gè)意思。3 .【答案】B【解析】第二段給的具體事例說(shuō)明，法官出現(xiàn)在政治活動(dòng)中會(huì)使 法官形象受損，影響他們獨(dú)立、xx的名聲。只有B, weaken能表示 這個(gè)意思?！窘馕觥靠涨靶畔@

29、示，法官出席政治活動(dòng)會(huì)讓法院的審判收到 影響，人們就會(huì)認(rèn)為其審判不xx,所以選D, be accepted as. “被 認(rèn)為是"。5 .【答案】C【解析】空所在的語(yǔ)境為：產(chǎn)生這樣的問(wèn)題，部分原因在于“法 官?zèng)]有 道德規(guī)范”。后一句話說(shuō)，至少法院應(yīng)該遵守行為規(guī)范，這顯然是進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明上一句話。所以上一句是說(shuō)法官?zèng)]有受到道 德規(guī)范的約束，選C, bound。6 .【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)解析5可以看出，這里應(yīng)該是說(shuō)遵守行為規(guī)范， subject與to連用，表示“服從某物，受支配”。故本題選 B。7 .【答案】D【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里是由 that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修 飾說(shuō)明前面的行為規(guī)

30、范，是說(shuō)法院也應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守適用于其他聯(lián)邦司法部 的行為規(guī)范。apply to “適用于”符合題意。resort to "求助 于"；stick to”堅(jiān)持（原則等）”語(yǔ)意不通。8.【答案】B2000-2013年考研英語(yǔ)完形填空真題和答案【解析】空所在的語(yǔ)境為，類似這樣的案例提出了這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題： 法院和政治之間是否還存在著界限。提出問(wèn)題，產(chǎn)生問(wèn)題用只能選 raise。9 .【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)第8題可知，空內(nèi)應(yīng)填line , “界限”。barrier “障礙”，similarity“相似性”，conflict “沖突”都不合題意。10 .【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)句意，憲法的起草者

31、們預(yù)想的是將司法從政治中分 出來(lái)，讓其享有獨(dú)立的權(quán)力。envision as "將想象成。所以 選B。11 .【答案】A【解析】本題考察邏輯搭配。本選項(xiàng)答案的確定需結(jié)合前句意思， 制憲者旨在使法律不受政治的任何影響，這樣一來(lái)，法官就可以免受掌權(quán)者的影響了。此空就是考察由此所帶來(lái)的結(jié)果，故選 A。12 .【答案】C【解析】此題承接上題，可知法律不受政治的影響，從而法官也不用擔(dān)心掌權(quán)者(those in power)13 .【答案】C【解析】此題承接上題，結(jié)合句意，可知該半句主要表達(dá)“法官 也無(wú)需政治支持了?！边x項(xiàng)C最符題意。14 .【答案】D【解析】此題考察詞意辨析。原句表達(dá)“我們的法

32、律體系是法律 完全不受政治的影響，是因?yàn)檫@兩者是緊密。結(jié)合句意思， D最合題意.15 .【答案】A【解析】此題考察詞意辨析。文中說(shuō)“憲法具有政治性，是因其 的選擇都是植根于xx自由，財(cái)產(chǎn)之類的基本社會(huì)。中?！弊杂?， 財(cái)產(chǎn)是西方社會(huì)的一些基本社會(huì)理念或概念，故選 A。16 .【答案】C【解析】此題考察詞意辨析。首先分析該句，可知空白處添加上 一動(dòng)詞可構(gòu)成一定語(yǔ)從句，限定" the law”。其次，文中語(yǔ)境表達(dá) “當(dāng)法律處理社會(huì)政策決策問(wèn)題時(shí)，。的法律不可避免的具有政 治性。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，C為最佳答案?！窘馕觥看祟}考察詞意辨析。可由文中語(yǔ)境得知，該半句主要表 達(dá)“這也就解釋了為何背離思想路

33、線的決策被看作是不XX的，從而被輕易的.”。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，以及四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思，可知 A最佳。18 .【答案】C【解析】此題考察詞意辨析。由文中語(yǔ)境可知該句主要表達(dá)“法 官必須。有關(guān)法庭（裁決的）xx合理的質(zhì)疑?！彼膫€(gè)選項(xiàng)中，僅 C符合題意。19 .【答案】D【解析】本題考察短語(yǔ)搭配及相似短語(yǔ)辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均可與連 用，其中accessible to xx的；可歸屬的；可得到的可歸因的amiable to 可親，多指人和藹可親，易于接近agreeable to 欣然同意的；適合的，適宜的accountable to 對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)此題的理解需承接整個(gè)句，首先此空所在后半句乃一方式狀語(yǔ)， 承接前半句說(shuō)明法官怎

34、樣來(lái)解決有關(guān)法庭（裁決的）xx合理的質(zhì)疑。2000-2013年考研英語(yǔ)完形填空真題和答案將此四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入，可得出正確答案D,法官只有對(duì)對(duì)行為準(zhǔn) 則負(fù)責(zé)，也即是遵循一定的行為準(zhǔn)則才可確保其裁決的 xx與合理。20 .【答案】D【解析】此題考察邏輯搭配。此句承接xx,旨在說(shuō)明由此帶來(lái)的結(jié)果，也即是文中所說(shuō)的“。使得裁決看起來(lái)完全不受政治的 影響，如法律一般令人信服。”結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思，可知選D。2011考研英語(yǔ)(一)試題Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for

35、each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as "a bodily exercise precious to health. " But 1 some claimsto the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does 2 short-term ch

36、anges inthe function of the heart and its blood vessels, 3 heartrate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter isdifficult to 4, a good laugh is unlikely to have5 benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.6, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparentl

37、y accomplishes the 7,studies dating back to the 1930' s indicate thatlaughter 8 muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45minutes after the laugh dies down.Such bodily reaction might conceivably help 9 theeffects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other

38、types of 10 feedback, thatimprove an individual ' s emotional state.11 oneclassical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted12 physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the19th century that humans do not cry 13 they are sad butthey become sad when the tears begin to flow.Althou

39、gh sadness also 14 tears, evidence suggeststhat emotions can flow 15 muscular responses.In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of w u rzburg in Germany asked volunteers to 16 a pen either with their teeth-therebycreating an artificialsmile or with their

40、 lips, which wouldproduce a(n)17 expression. Those forced to exercisetheir smiling muscles 18 more exuberantly to funnycartons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown,19 that expressions may influence emotions rather thanjust the other way around 20, the physical act oflaughter could

41、improve mood.1. AamongBexceptCdespiteDlike2. AreflectBdemandCindicateDproduce3. AstabilizingBboostingCimpairingDdetermining4. AtransmitBsustainCevaluateDobserve5. Ameasurable BmanageableCaffordableDrenew able6. AIn turnBIn factCIn additionDIn brief7. AoppositeBimpossibleCaverageDexpected8. AhardensB

42、weakensCtightensDrelaxes9. AaggravateBgenerateCmoderateDenhance10. AphysicalBmentalCsubconscious Dinternal11. AExcept for B According to C Due toD As for12. AwithBonCinDat13. AunlessBuntilCifDbecause14. AexhaustsBfollowsCprecedesDsuppresses15. AintoBfromCtowardsDbeyond16. AfetchBbiteCpickDhold17. Ad

43、isappointed BexcitedCjoyfulDindifferent18. AadaptedBcateredCturnedDreacted19. AsuggestingBrequiringCmentioningDsupposing20. AEventuallyBConsequently CSimilarlyDConve rsely2011考研英語(yǔ)（一）答案Section I Use of English1-5 CDBBA 6-10 BADCA11-15 BCDCB16-20 DADAC1 .C解析：語(yǔ)義邏輯題。第一句含義是“ xx哲學(xué)家亞里士多德把笑 看作是“有益于身體健康的xx鍛煉

44、”，第二句意思是“但是一些人 提出相反的意見，輕笑可能對(duì)身體健康影響極小”， 兩句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折 關(guān)系，A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C選項(xiàng)表轉(zhuǎn)折“盡管”，故是正 確選項(xiàng)。2 .D解析：語(yǔ)義辨析題。上下文語(yǔ)境是“笑確實(shí)能短期的改變”。 A. reflect “反映”，B. demand “要求”，C. indicate "表明，暗示”， D. produce “產(chǎn)生”，只有D選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，所以是正確答案。3 .B解析：語(yǔ)義搭配題。文中提到“笑能夠心律呼吸速率。"A.stabilizing 意思是“安定，穩(wěn)定”，B. boosting "促進(jìn)，推進(jìn)”， C. impair

45、ing "損害，削弱”，D. determining “決定”，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境 應(yīng)該是“笑能夠促進(jìn)心律呼吸速率”，B為正確答案。4.B解析：語(yǔ)義辨析題。這句話意思是“但是因?yàn)榇笮茈y，一次狂 笑不可能: 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義分別是A. transmit“傳播”，B. sustain “維持”，C. evaluate “評(píng)估”，D. observe “觀察”， 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，只有B. sustain 符合語(yǔ)境。5.A解析：語(yǔ)義辨析題。這句話意思是“一次狂笑不可能像比如走路 或者慢跑那樣對(duì)心血管功能產(chǎn)生益處。"A. measurable "重大的，重要的"，B. manag

46、eable “易控制的"，C. affordable “負(fù)擔(dān)得起 的"，D. renewable “可再生的”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中能和“益處”搭配的 只有A. measurable ,故是正確答案。6.B解析：邏輯分析題。第二段第一句是說(shuō)“其他的鍛煉可以拉緊增 強(qiáng)肌肉，很顯然笑確是起到了作用”， 對(duì)上文有承接還有轉(zhuǎn)折的 關(guān)系，A. In turn 意思是“輪流”，C. In addition 是“另外”， D. In brief 意思是“簡(jiǎn)而言之”，都不符合語(yǔ)境，只有 B. In fact “事實(shí)上”符合上下文語(yǔ)境，是正確選項(xiàng)。7 .A解析：語(yǔ)義邏輯題。第二段第二句的意思是說(shuō)“笑可

47、以放松肌肉， 在狂笑平息之后45分鐘內(nèi)會(huì)降低肌肉xx”，跟上文中的“其他的鍛 煉可以拉緊增強(qiáng)肌肉”是相反的關(guān)系，所以A. opposite是正確選項(xiàng)。8 .D解析：語(yǔ)義搭配題?？崭袂昂竺媸恰靶∪狻?， A. hardens ”使 變硬”，B. weakens “減少”，C. tightens"是變緊”，D.relaxes “放松”，因?yàn)樯衔奶岬搅?“其他的鍛煉可以拉緊增強(qiáng)肌肉， 很顯然笑確實(shí)起到了相反的作用”。“拉緊”的反義詞只有D.relaxes ,故正確。9 .C解析：語(yǔ)義搭配題。這句話的意思是“這樣的身體放松可能會(huì)幫 助心理緊張狀態(tài)的影響。"A. aggravate&

48、quot;加劇，惡化”，B.generate "使形成，發(fā)生”，C. moderate "節(jié)制，減輕”，D. enhance “增加”，根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境，只能是“減輕心理壓力”，故 C是正確選項(xiàng)。10 .A解析：語(yǔ)義邏輯題。這句話的意思是“笑的行為畢竟可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生 其他形式的反饋來(lái)提高個(gè)體的情緒狀態(tài)。”其中提到“笑的行為”， 它是一種身體上的行為，后面提到“其他反饋”，應(yīng)該是和“笑”相呼應(yīng)的，故正確選項(xiàng)是 A11 .B解析：詞義辨析題。根據(jù)已知信息推測(cè)，應(yīng)該是“根據(jù)一個(gè)經(jīng)典 的情緒理論，” A. Except for 表示“除了:它引出一個(gè) 與前面的詞相反的原因或者事例；B.

49、According to ”根據(jù)，按照”， 表示依據(jù)，后面常跟表示理論、思想之類的詞，是正確答案。C. Dueto ”由于，因?yàn)?quot;后面跟一般原因，D. As for ”至于，就方面說(shuō)”用以轉(zhuǎn)換話題和表現(xiàn)態(tài)度，故排除。12 .C解析：固定搭配題。be rooted in 是固定詞組表示“來(lái)源 于" be rooted跟其它選項(xiàng)不搭配使用，故排除。13 .D解析：邏輯關(guān)系題。這句話的意思是“人們不會(huì)他們傷心而哭，但當(dāng)開始流淚時(shí)他們才變得傷心?！眰暮涂拗g是因果關(guān)系， 所以答案應(yīng)該是D. because。14 .C解析：詞義辨析/語(yǔ)義邏輯題。解題關(guān)鍵although 。alth

50、ough表 示假設(shè)，讓步。由上文提到當(dāng)人們流淚時(shí)才覺(jué)得傷心可知，傷心在流 淚之后。這里要說(shuō)另一種情況“傷心也會(huì)在流淚之前”而 A. exhausts “使筋疲力盡；使疲憊不堪”，B. follows “跟隨” C.precedes "先于，表示在之前發(fā)生（或出現(xiàn)）” ；D.suppresses "壓制；阻止；抑制”，語(yǔ)義不符。15.B解析：詞義辨析題。由已知信息可知原文要表達(dá)“證據(jù)顯示情緒 是肌肉反映的結(jié)果” A. into ”進(jìn)入中，到里” B. from“來(lái)自”表原因，符合表達(dá)需要，故為正確答案。C. towards向，xx D. beyond ”超出，超過(guò)"

51、意思不符合，故排除。16.D解析：詞義辨析題。A. fetch “取來(lái)”，B. bite “咬，?！?，C. pick “采，摘”，D. hold “拿，抱，握住”，根據(jù)上下文信 息可知該實(shí)驗(yàn)要求志愿者用牙咬住或者用嘴含住一支筆。hold的意思最符合。17 .A解析：詞義辨析/語(yǔ)義邏輯題。由已知信息“用嘴含住一支筆” 推測(cè)，這個(gè)動(dòng)作會(huì)產(chǎn)生一種失望的表情A. disappointed “失望的”意思最符合，B. excited“興奮的”，C. joyful “快樂(lè)的”，D.indifferent"漠不關(guān)心的”都不符合語(yǔ)境，故排除。18 .D解析：詞義辨析題。A. adapted to &

52、quot;變得習(xí)慣于，使適應(yīng)于: B. catered to“迎合，滿足某種需要或要求”，C.turned to “轉(zhuǎn)向”，D. reacted to "對(duì)作出反應(yīng)”，根據(jù)原文表達(dá)需要“在觀看有趣的動(dòng)畫片時(shí)”此處正確選項(xiàng)是D.reacted to 。19 .A解析：詞義辨析題。根據(jù)前文信息，由前面的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果“那些被 強(qiáng)制鍛煉笑肌的人比那些嘴唇皺著表情失望的人在觀看有趣的動(dòng)畫 片時(shí)反應(yīng)更加豐富”，我們可以推斷出一個(gè)結(jié)論A. suggesting表明, 后接結(jié)論的句子，符合要求，故為正確答案。B. requiring"需要,要求”，C. mentioning “提到"

53、，D. supposing “假定， 假設(shè)” 都不符合上下文語(yǔ)境，故排除。20 .C解析：邏輯分析題。上文提到了 “表情而不是其他的方式可能會(huì) 影響情緒”，后文又提到了 “笑的生理行為可以使心情好轉(zhuǎn)”，前后 句解釋的是同一種情況。A. Eventually 和B. Consequently ,都是 作為“總結(jié)”的副詞，D. Conversely表示“相反”，只有C. Similarly"相似的是”，符合上下文邏輯，是正確選項(xiàng)。2010年考研英語(yǔ)(一)試題Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose

54、 the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In 1924 America's National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they w

55、ould learn how stop-floor lighting1 workers' productivity. Instead, the studies ended2giving their name to the "Hawthorne effect", the extremely influential idea that the very 3 to being experimentedupon changed subjects' behavior.The idea arose because of the 4 behavior of the wom

56、enin the Hawthorne plant. According to 5 of the experiments,their hourly output rose whenlighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not 6 what was done in theexperiment; 7 something was changed, productivity rose.A(n)8 that they were being experimented upon seemed tobe 9 to alter workers' behavior 10 itself.After several decades, the same data were 11 toeconometric the analysis