建筑、規(guī)劃、景觀專業(yè)常用的英語術(shù)語

1、.草圖Draft drawing/sketch平面Plan總平面master plan剖面Section立面Elevation正立面Facade透視圖Perspective軸測圖Axonometric view示意圖 / 分析圖Diagram地圖分析 / 制圖mapping/ mapping diagram圖表chart/table容積率floor area ratio覆蓋率Coverage城市設(shè)計Urban design; civic design區(qū)域規(guī)劃Regional planning總體規(guī)劃comprehensive planning/ master planning/ overall

2、planning分區(qū)規(guī)劃District planning/ zoning act控制性詳細(xì)規(guī)劃Regulatory Plan修建性詳細(xì)規(guī)劃Site planning (constructive-detailed planning)場地規(guī)劃Site planning近期建設(shè)規(guī)劃Immediate planning步行軸Walking axis概念設(shè)計conceptual design.方案設(shè)計schematic design擴(kuò)初設(shè)計design development詳細(xì)設(shè)計、細(xì)部設(shè)計Detail Design城市城市化Urbanization城市生態(tài)Urban ecology城市農(nóng)業(yè)urba

3、n farming/ urban agriculture經(jīng)濟(jì)能量來源Economy energy sources可持續(xù)發(fā)展Sustainable development歷史性城市的保護(hù)規(guī)劃Preservation Plan of historic cities舊城更新、改造Urban Regeneration/Urban Revitalization/Retrofitting Plan城市再開發(fā)Urban Redevelopment開發(fā)區(qū)Development area城市化水平Urbanization level城市群Urban Agglomeration/ Metropolitan Are

4、a/ Metropolitan Coordinating Region/megaregion城市系統(tǒng)Urban system衛(wèi)星城市（城鎮(zhèn)）Satellite town/ affiliate township城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施Urban infrastructure市政基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施Municipal Infrastructure綠色基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施Green Infrastructure生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施Ecological Infrastructure居民點Settlement.城市City市 Municipality; city城鎮(zhèn)Town城市管理區(qū)域Administrative region of a city

5、商業(yè)區(qū)Commercial district民政區(qū)域Civil district居住區(qū)規(guī)劃Residential area planning護(hù)林區(qū)Ranger district城市主義 / 城市過程urbanism新城市主義new urbanism可持續(xù)城市主義sustainable urbanism景觀都市主義landscape urbanism生態(tài)城市主義ecological urbanism參數(shù)化城市主義parametric urbanism反城市主義post urbanism日常城市主義everyday urbanism基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施為先導(dǎo)的城市發(fā)展infrastructural urban

6、ism建筑為先導(dǎo)的城市發(fā)展architectural urbanism農(nóng)業(yè)為先導(dǎo)的城市發(fā)展agrarian urbanism生態(tài)安全格局ecological security pattern城市統(tǒng)計區(qū)metropolitan (statistical) area公共事業(yè)私營化關(guān)系PPP public private partnership規(guī)劃本底Planning Baseline.世界城市g(shù)lobal city發(fā)展中城市developing city膨脹城市 booming city緊縮城市 shrinking city公交系統(tǒng)為導(dǎo)向的開發(fā)TODtransit oriented develop

7、ment傳統(tǒng)社區(qū)為導(dǎo)向的開發(fā)TNDtraditional neighborhood development服務(wù)設(shè)施為導(dǎo)向的開發(fā)SODservice oriented development規(guī)劃理性預(yù)期為導(dǎo)向的開發(fā)AOD anticipation oriented development建筑 Parlor客廳Washroom; toilet衛(wèi)生間、洗手間Balcony陽臺、包廂Bathroom浴室Cabinet櫥柜Courtyard building庭院建筑Dining-room ; dining hall餐廳Entrance入口Kitchen廚房Roof 屋頂Kid room兒童房.Dollh

8、ouse兒童游樂室Living room起居室Pavilion亭、閣Private garden私家花園Resident住宅Shared zone共享空間Toilet 洗手間Servants hall用人房Scale 比例Element要素、自然環(huán)境conference center會議中心Retail shop零售商店Theatre劇院綠地Percentage of greenery coverage綠化覆蓋率Ratio of green space綠地率Landscaping within factory工廠綠化Landscaping of square廣場綠化Landscaping of

9、 residential area居住區(qū)綠化Improved vegetation & wildlife谷底植栽場Landscaping around public building公共建筑綠化Indoor garden室外綠化Urban green城市綠化.Urban green space system城市綠化系統(tǒng)Public green space公共綠地Park 公園Green belt綠地Specified green space專用綠地Green buffer防護(hù)綠地景觀 Arbor 喬木Shrub 灌木Band stone鋪石Car park below地下車庫Carved pa

10、ving bands曲線形鋪地Cartilage Garth庭園Courtyard identification sign標(biāo)志牌Courtyard庭院Fall 瀑布.Feature 景色Footpath 步道Garden bridge園橋Garden and park園林Herbage 草本植物L(fēng)iana 藤本植物Natural cut stone砌石Pave 鋪地Pavilion亭、閣Pavilion on terrace榭Planting 植被Planting beds花壇Plaza 大廣場Platform 臺Deck promenade棧道Pole lights 燈柱Pool 小水池Sc

11、ulpture 雕塑園林.中國古典園林classicalChinese garden中國傳統(tǒng)園林traditionalChinese garden中國古代園林ancientChinese garden中國山水園Chinesemountain and water garden帝王宮苑imperial palace garden皇家園林royal garden私家園林private garden江南園林garden on the Yangtze Delta西方古典園林western classical garden英國式園林English style garden中英混合式園林Anglo-Chin

12、ese style garden意大利式園林Italian style garden西班牙式園林Spanishstyle garden法蘭西式園林Frenchstyle garden勒諾特爾式園林LeNotres style garden文藝復(fù)興莊園Renaissancestyle garden洛可可式園林Rococostyle garden巴洛克式園林Baroquestyle garden莊園 manor,villa garden廊柱園peristyle garden, patio綠廊 xystus迷陣 maze,labyrinth靈囿 Ling You Hunting Garden周代術(shù)語

13、靈沼 Ling ZhaoWater Garden周代術(shù)語靈臺 Ling TaiPlatform Garden周代術(shù)語阿房宮E-PangPalace 秦代術(shù)語上林苑Shang-LinYuan 漢代術(shù)語未央宮Wei-YangPalace 漢代術(shù)語洛陽宮LuoyangPalace 魏代術(shù)語華清宮Hua-QingPalace 唐代術(shù)語艮岳 GenYue Imperial Garden宋代術(shù)語圓明園Yuan-MingYuan Imperial Garden頤和園Yi-HEYuan Imperial Garden承德避暑山莊ChengdeImperial Summer Resort蘇州園林Suzhoutr

14、aditional garden懸園HangingGarden又稱“懸空園”，“架高園”。.英國皇家植物園RoyalBotanical Garden, Kew garden又稱“邱園”。凡爾賽宮苑VersaillesPalace Park楓丹白露宮園FontainebleauPalace Garden景 view,scenery, feature遠(yuǎn)景 distantview近景 nearbyview障景 obstructivescenery, blocking view又稱“抑景”。借景 borrowedscenery, view borrowing對景 oppositive scenery,

15、 view in opposite place縮景 miniaturescenery, abbreviated scenery漏景 leaking through scenery框景 enframed scenery尾景 terminal feature主景 main feature副景 secondary feature配景 objective view夾景 vistaline, vista又稱“風(fēng)景線”前景 frontview背景 background景序 orderof sceneries景點 featurespot, view spot園林空間gardenspace開敞空間wideop

16、en space, wide space封閉空間enclosuresspace意境 artisticconception, poetic imagery蒼古 antiquity空靈 spaciousness,airiness動觀 in-motion viewing靜觀 in-positionviewing軸線 axis,axial line主軸 mainaxis副軸 auxiliaryaxis暗軸 hidden axis, invisible axis又稱“隱軸常用的景觀英文參考1.主入口大門 /崗?fù)?(車行& 人行 )MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSEmain en

17、trance gate/guard house(FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )for vehicle& pedestrian2.次入口 /崗?fù)?(車行& 人行)2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE2nd entrance gate/guard house(FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )3.商業(yè)中心入口ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR.Entrance to shopping ctr.4.水景.WATER FEATUREwater feature5.小型露天劇場MINI AMPHI-THEATREmini amphit

18、heatre6.迎賓景觀WELCOMING FEATUREwelcoming feature7.觀景木臺TIMBER DECK (VIEWING)timber deck (viewing)8.竹園BAMBOO GARDENbamboo garden9.漫步廣場WALKWAY PLAZAwalkway plaza10. 露天咖啡廊OUT DOOR CAFEout door cafe11. 巨大迎賓水景GRAND WELCOMING FEATUREgrand welcoming feature12. 木橋TIMBER BRIDGEtimber bridge13. 石景、水瀑、洞穴、觀景臺ROCKS

19、CAPE WATERFALLSrocks cape waterfallsGROTTO/ VIEWING TERRACEgrotto/ viewing terrace14. 吊橋HANGING BRIDGEhanging bridge15. 休憩臺地 (低處 )LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER )lounging terrace (lower )16.休憩臺地 (高處 )LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER )Lounging terrace (upper )17.特色踏步FEATURE STEPPING STONEfeature stepping stone18.野趣小

20、溪RIVER WILDriver wild19.兒童樂園CHILDRENS PLAYGROUNDchildrens playground20. 旱冰道SLIDESlide21. 羽毛球場BADMINTON COURTbadminton court網(wǎng)球場 Tennis court22. 旱景DRY LANDSCAPEdry landscape23. 日藝園JAPANESE GARDENJapanese garden24. 旱噴泉DRY FOUNTAINdry fountain25. 觀景臺VIEWING DECKviewing deck.26. 游泳池SWIMMING POOLswimming

21、pool27.極可意JACUZZIJacuzzi28. 嬉水池WADING POOLwading pool29. 兒童泳池CHILDRENS POOLchildrens pool30. 蜿蜒水墻WINDING WALLwinding wall31. 石景雕塑ROCK SCULPTURErock sculpture32. 中心廣場CENTRAL PLAZAcentral plaza33. 健身廣場EXERCISE PLAZAexercise plaza34. 橋BRIDGEbridge35. 交流廣場MEDITATING PLAZAmeditating plaza36. 趣味樹陣TREE BAT

22、TLE FORMATIONtree battle formation37.停車場PARING AREAparing area38. 特色花架TRELLIS trellis39.雕塑小道SCULPTURE TRAILsculpture trail40.( 高爾夫 )輕擊區(qū)PUTTING GREENputting green41.高爾夫球會所GOLF CLUBHOUSEgolf clubhouse42.每棟建筑入口ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNITentrance paving to unit43. 籃球場BASKETBALL COURTbasketball court44. 網(wǎng)球場TEN