【金識源】（3年高考2年模擬1年原創(chuàng)）最新2013版高考英語專題25新題型七選五閱讀理解

1、3年高考2年模擬1年原創(chuàng)專題25 新題型七選五閱讀理解（教師版）【考點定位】 2014考綱解讀和近幾年考點分布目前考察7選5閱讀理解的省份有北京，寧夏、海南，遼寧和新課標1地區(qū)。2008年寧夏推出了閱讀理解新題型,2009年遼寧省也選用了這一題型,"如果希望明確、深刻地理解一篇文章,必須對文章的結(jié)構(gòu)有所了解,把握住全篇的文脈,即句與句.段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系."是普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（寧夏卷)說明中的要求.閱讀填空題就很好地體現(xiàn)了這一要求?！究键cpk】 名師考點透析根據(jù)出題形式的不同,填空類題型可以分為句子填空題,段落摘要,帶選項的段落摘要等題型。.傳統(tǒng)的分題型講解的

2、方法傾向于把這些題型拆開,這些題型的出題思路大同小異,一旦掌握了這些題目的共性,做題就會變得易如反掌。1考查內(nèi)容均為細節(jié)每一道填空題的題目基本上都是對原文的一句話或者幾句話進行的同義改寫,不會出現(xiàn)對多句話或者是整段進行的概括歸納.2所填答案基本唯一雖然這種考試需要考生自己書寫答案,但是所有答案均來自于原文,不需要考生用自己的語言對原詞進行改寫.極個別情況下會出現(xiàn)詞序顛倒,但是基本上不需要考生進行詞性.時態(tài).單復(fù)數(shù)等曲折形式的轉(zhuǎn)換.這是由閱讀的目的所決定的,只考查考生的閱讀能力,而無意檢驗考生的寫作能力.3凸顯構(gòu)成語段的方式一是靠句際間意義的結(jié)合,二是靠句際間的關(guān)聯(lián)詞,邏輯性插入語來連接,我們在

3、分析語段層次時,可以借助句際間的連接詞語作出判斷,但最主要的還是要真正體會句際間的意義關(guān)系,把握作者的思路,從語序上去發(fā)現(xiàn)斷續(xù)點,理清層次,好文章的層次非矴邐?只有層層入手,才能真正理解文章.通過對高考中“七選五”型閱讀理原題以及大量同類試題研究可知，此類試題雖然新穎，但是也有其特有的解題規(guī)律，主要注重解題的竅門和方法，成功闖關(guān)，選準答案的難度并不大。 根據(jù)作者歸納的解題方法和竅門，為幫助同學(xué)們記憶和使用，特將此方法歸結(jié)為“通讀全文、詳讀段落、定位選項、通讀復(fù)檢、確定排除”五步解題法。以下就此方法進行分析，希望此方法能為同學(xué)們的解題提供助力。步驟二：詳讀段落，在短時間內(nèi)，找出每段寫作內(nèi)容的關(guān)鍵

4、詞。明確各段的主題句或主旨大意。文章正文部分通常分為若干小段落。各段落會根據(jù)整體文章寫作主題展開，對文章主體進行的不同方面的描述。找出各個小段落中的關(guān)鍵詞，明確其描述內(nèi)容，為整體試題的解決做好鋪墊。步驟三：定位選項，明確各備選選項的含義，抓住其關(guān)鍵詞語，根據(jù)文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)與具體內(nèi)容，將選項填入文中，填寫時尤為注意各選項中出現(xiàn)的句子銜接手段及句中的銜接標志詞。在定位選項時，要特別注意空格上下段的寫作內(nèi)容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義。將所選項放入空白處，看看是否與上下文構(gòu)成語義及邏輯上的直接關(guān)系，是否符合該處語境。能否承接前后的寫作線索。使文章無論內(nèi)容還是銜接上都能做到通順。一篇文章作為

5、一個整體，是有其寫作的線索與思路的，在選項定位中，要尤其注意文章的寫作線索，文章的寫作思路的連貫使文章的每個段落、每個句子甚至每個短語均融為一體。如果帶入選項后，發(fā)現(xiàn)文章寫作線索中斷或是前后矛盾，應(yīng)更換其它選項。步驟四：通讀復(fù)檢，將所選答案代入文中，再次通讀全文，重點考查邏輯關(guān)系和關(guān)聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)。  【三年高考】 09、10、11 、12、13高考試題及其解析（2013北京）第二節(jié)（共 5 小題；每小題 2 分。共 10 分） 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出正確的填入空白處。選項中有兩項為多余選項。UrbanizationUntil relatively recently, the

6、 vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago 71_ . In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or intiny rural (鄉(xiāng)村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society

7、 inhistory- a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was only the beginning. 72_ .The process of urbanization- the migration (遷移) of people from the countryside to the city- was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people

8、 live andwhere they live.In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. 73 .Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies. It took about ninety-five p

9、eople on farms to feed five people in cities. _74 . Until modern times, those living incities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Citiessurvived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural populati

10、on produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. 75_ . Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed mor

11、e than a hundred non-farmers.A. That kept cities very small. B. The rest live in small towns.C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered. D. Soon many other industrial nations become urban societies.E. But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.F. Modernization

12、drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.G. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.71.E【解析】：此題有兩個暗示點。第一個是時間，上句話提到了5500年前有的城市，之后緊接著說200年之后是個簡單的順成的關(guān)系。第二個是but的輕微語義轉(zhuǎn)折，but之后是的兩句話都是在講當時人的居住情況，故E為最佳選項。72.D【解析】：此題有一個明確暗示點，為D選項當中的other和上句的Onlythe beginn

13、ing. Other 是明顯承上啟下的功能，后面的the process of證明了這一點，故選D73.B【解析】：此題有一個明確的暗示點。The rest 和之前的3個數(shù)據(jù)是明顯的并列關(guān)系，故答案選B。74.A【解析】：此題A選項中有一個明確暗示點，THAT指代之前所說，故選A75.F【解析】：此題有一個明確暗示點，modernization 是前后文當中past two centuries 和后面today 的明確對應(yīng)，故選F。2013遼寧根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ForgivenessTo forgive i

14、s a virtue, but no one has ever said it is easy. When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate. However, forgiveness is possible, and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health. People who forgive show less sadness, anger and stress

15、and more hopefulness, according to a recent research._71_ Try the following steps:Calm yourself. _72_ You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love.Dont wait for an apology. Many times the person who hurt you does no

16、t intend to apologize. They may have wanted to hurt you or they just dont see things the same way. _73_ Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.Take the control away from your offender(冒犯者). Rethinking about you hurt gives power to

17、 the person who causes you pain. Instead of focusing on your mounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you._74_ If you understand your offender, you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness, fear, and even love. You may want to write a letter to yoursel

18、f from your offenders point of view.Dont forget to forgive yourself. _75_ But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you dont do it.A. Why should you forgive?B. How should you start to forgive?C. Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.D. Try to see things from you offenders angle.E. For some peopl

19、e, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.F. To make your anger die away, try a simple stress-management technique.G. If you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.2013四川第二節(jié) 根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從對話后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項多余選項。（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分） -James, can I ha

20、ve some black tea? -Sure, 51 -Well, just a little, please. -Two teaspoons? - 52 I have gained some weight these days. (Minutes later. ) -How nice it is! - 53 -Yes, please. Do you mind me smoking here? - 54 I don't want to have secondhand smoke. Would you like some cookies, instead? Eating more a

21、nd smoking less will do you good. - 55 A. Of course!B. Any sugar?C. Okay, thanks.D. Well, go ahead.E. No, one is enough.F How do you want it made?G .Would you like some more?第II卷 （非選擇題 共60分）51.B 52.E 53.G 54.A 55.C2013課標II第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能坡入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多于選項。Public Speakin

22、g Training·Get a coach 51 ，so get help. Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you.·Focus on positivesAny training you do to become mor

23、e effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well. 52 , so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn't do.·

24、53 If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of dos and don'ts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about. 54 . As far as we're concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking. You

25、r audience can be your friends.·You are a special person not a cloneMost importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits. 55 . Your training course should help you bring out yourpersonality, not try to turn you into someone you're

26、not.A. You aren't like anybody elseB. You already do lots of things wellC. Turn your back on too many rulesD. Check the rules about dos and don'tsE. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is toughF .The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleepG. So trying to force a whole

27、set of rules into it will just make things worse51.【答案】E【解析】根據(jù)下一句ready to offer you public speaking training and courses可知，開頭說的是與public speaking 有關(guān)的問題，故選E。52.【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)第一句可知，演講要集中在自己做過的成功的事情上，故選B。53.【答案】C【解析】本段第一句中提到lots of dos and donts, walk away!可知，如果有的培訓(xùn)講太多的條條框框的話，最好不要理會這樣的培訓(xùn)，故選C。54.【答案】G【解析】根據(jù)

28、上一句Your brain is so full of what youre going to be talking about可知，給大腦灌輸一套規(guī)則會使事情變得更糟糕。故選G。55.【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits可知，本段講的是“與眾不同”，故選A。2013課標I第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項選項中有兩項為多余選項。Business is organized approach to providing customer

29、s with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit (利潤) that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. _71_Commonly called nonprofits, thes

30、e organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. _72_Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business._73_One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purc

31、hase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting _74_The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision (監(jiān)管) and guidance by the management in authority._75_A. Control includes the use of records and reports to c

32、ompare actual work with the set standards for work.B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.C. Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.D. However, some businesses only seek to earn en

33、ough to cover their operating costs.E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.【解析】本文是一篇討論商務(wù)和商務(wù)管理的說明文。雖然看似有很多專業(yè)術(shù)語，但是根據(jù)我們常說的“指路詞”，

34、以及對上下文的推理，其實要做出正確答案并不難，可謂是難度中等。文章第一段描述了business的兩個含義：一是提供顧客所要商品和服務(wù)的方法；二是提供這些商品和服務(wù)的組織。文展第二段則細述了商務(wù)管理是用來描述計劃、指導(dǎo)以及控制公司運作技巧的術(shù)語，并在下文中對這三方面進行了一一闡述。71. D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.【解析】推理題。本題的后一句出現(xiàn)了一個新名詞nonprofits（非盈利），而前文的內(nèi)容是在說大多數(shù)企業(yè)都在尋求利潤，那這里語義的突然變化就提示

35、了我們空格處所填內(nèi)容應(yīng)該與seek to make a profit（尋求利益）語義相反，而與nonprofit相同，因為只有這樣才能自然的引出下文?？v觀選項，只有答案D出現(xiàn)了however，表示語義的轉(zhuǎn)折，所以正確答案為D。72.C. Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.【解析】推理題。根據(jù)文意，前文提到的these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service p

36、roviders中的these organizations實指non profits organizations，所以此處72題的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是對nongovernmental service providers（非政府服務(wù)提供商）的進一步解釋?？v觀選項，只有答案C是在舉例子，而且也出現(xiàn)了關(guān)鍵詞nonprofit，所以正確答案為C。73.G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.【解析】 推理題。這道題的解題方法就是我們說的充分利用“指路詞”。下文中出現(xiàn)了One is.，The third relates.，可見本空是個總起

37、句，概括了什么東西包含有三個方面?？v觀選項，只有答案G出現(xiàn)了three，且主語planning正好復(fù)現(xiàn)了第二段首句出現(xiàn)的techniques of planning，所以正確答案為G。74. E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.【解析】推理題。還是依靠“指路詞”，文中出現(xiàn)過了第一和第三，所以本空肯定描述的是第二方面?？v觀選項，只有答案E出現(xiàn)了the second，所以答案為E。75. A. Control includes the use of records and

38、reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.【解析】推理題。觀察第二段可知，商務(wù)管理中涉及的techniques of planning, direction均已經(jīng)提到，只差最后一個control（控制）還未提及，所以本空一定和control有關(guān)。縱觀選項，只有答案A出現(xiàn)了關(guān)鍵詞control，所以答案為A。2013陜西根據(jù)對話情景和內(nèi)容，從對話后所給的選項中選出能填入每一空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。選項中有兩個為多余選項。Lucy: Hi, Kate. What are you doing to

39、nigh?Kate: 1 Any suggestions?Lucy: 2 Im planning it for days.Kate: A 3D film? What stars?Lucy: Suraj Sharma, a handsome young actor.Kate: Oh! 3 Lucy: An Idian boys unusual experience with a tiger at sea.Kate: 4 What time is it on?Lucy: Half past six. 5 Kate: Sure. When and where shall we meet?Lucy:

40、Lets meet around six at the gate of Oscar Cinema.Kate: Great. See you then.A. Not decided yet. B. What is it about?C. Wow, sounds cool. D. Could you pick me up?E. Do you want to join me? F. What about going to a concert?G. How about seeing the 3D film Life of Pie?1 【答案與解析】F。根據(jù)后文中的could you repair it

41、, please?可以推斷出此情景是在一家修理店，故此處選F。2 【答案與解析】D。由上下文可知本句是問機子的問題所在，故選D。3 【答案與解析】C。根據(jù)后文可知此處意思是：我們先看看機子，選C。4 【答案與解析】G。由后一句可知此處談?wù)撔蘩淼臅r間，故選G。5 【答案與解析】A。根據(jù)前一句可知此處是對征求意見的應(yīng)答，選A。2013浙江第二節(jié) 下面文章中有5處（第6165題）需要添加小標題，請從以下選項中選出符合各段意思的小標題，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑,選項中一項為多余選項.A.Slow Down Your LifeB.Escape Now and ThenC.Separate Your Act

42、ionsD.Allow Yourself to Be WeakE.Relieve Pressure by Firmly Saying " No"F.Stop Expecting Everything to Be PerfectHow to Simplify Your LifeLess is more. This is why we say: reduce things by half instead of doubling them, get rid of junk instead of piling it up, relax instead of stressing, s

43、low down instead of speeding up. Apply these principles in your everyday life in a conscious way. You will then find yourself well along on your journey to simplification.61.When you concentrate on one task, you find you have energy that you didn't even know you had. Just imagine: you arc at a f

44、air and you have to carry two heavy pigs over 100 yards. If you keep grabbing one and then the other, it will take forever, because one of them will keep slipping out from under your arm and running off. But if you tie one pig in a place, pick up the other, gather all your strength and make a dash f

45、or the finish line, pause for a moment, run bock and get the other one, and with great determination, carry the second pig to the finish line, then you can be sure of succcss.62. _The pressure at work is on the increase in all occupations. In the modem nuclear family, the expectations that formerly

46、would have been shared among all the relatives are now concentrated on the individual partner.If you have the feeling that 24 hours per day are not enough for nil the things you need to do, then its not because the day has too few hours, but because you have too many activities. A simple fact that o

47、verloaded people often tend to forget. The solution is equally simple; refuse to accept so many work assignments in your private life or your working life.63.“I can handle stress” is regarded as a positive statement in the world of work. People who can handle stress are given more and more to cope w

48、ith until one day they break.Pay careful attention to the signs that tell you that you arc under more stress than you can cope with. These signals came from various areas of life. You become ill, or your work efficiency decreases.If you have any of these symptoms, change your life goals and decrease

49、 your tolerance of stress. Say quite openly, "I can't manage that. "64."If only I were slimmer, more beautiful, richer, more clever, then I would be happier. " This is a dream that makes a lot of people ill, depressed, and unhappy. Life has its flaws, defects, comets, and edg

50、es. Only those who accept this reality can lead a really full life.Of course there are activities in which errors are dangerous; driving a car, crossing the road. But life doesn't consist entirely of these things. In among them there is a lot of room for small and large mistakes.65. Successful p

51、eople ail have their own places where they can withdraw in order to work. Find out which places improve your creativity. For me it's the train. When I know that I'm going to be traveling for four hours without phone calls and people knocking on my door, I find my mind is free and I can read

52、or write complex articles. There can be problems working on the train, of course: if the person sitting opposite you keeps talking away, or if train trips make you tired (some people fall asleep after a few miles).(6165 BFECA)2012高考英語試題 2012·遼寧卷 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。How to M

53、ake FriendsFriendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends. Good friendship has many benefits. It offers companionship, improves self­worth and promotes good health. There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed ou

54、r jobs or schools. Such changes often leave us without a friend. _71_ But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage. Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.1. Associate with others.The first step to making friends is associating with other people. You c

55、an go to public places to meet new people. Besides, you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places. 2. Start a conversation.Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends. _72_ You can always start the conversation. Being able to mak

56、e small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people.3. _73_Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together. Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience.4. Let it grow.It is a good thing t

57、o stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. _74_ The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.5. Enjoy your friendship.The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. _75_ Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you. A. Be cheerful. B. Do thing