茶文化與茶藝課程論文

1、茶文化與茶藝課程論文,大學(xué),學(xué)院課程論文報(bào)告茶文化與茶藝課程名稱:論茶道與茶藝是否值得被繼續(xù)重視課程論文題目:,姓名:系:,園藝專(zhuān)業(yè):2014年級(jí):,學(xué)號(hào):潘,指導(dǎo)教師:教授職稱:2016年06月06日bridge,intheresponsefromthecrowdwasgreat,andWangsoonexpandedto2battalions.Hasdevelopedmorethan40partymembersonthepartyorganizationinthearmyandlocalpeople.OnlypoliticaltrainingDepartmentonthedevelopme

2、ntoftheZhuangXueying,XuJiasheng,HuiqinXu,WangQun,manypartymembers.WangDepartmentofdevelopmentoftheKMTwasdeeplydisturbedbyactivitiessufferedseemsscaryorunusualor,ratingandno.Thesamemonth,byShenLiqunWang,demandingadministrativeofficesuppliesintheSouth,headoftheBureautooktheopportunitytoappointWangYiti

3、tlesandbeincorporatedasathirdmissionforsecurityintheSouth.PartyorganizationsofWang'sactionstodiscourageinvalid.Endoftheyear,WangHesongfirstbattalionandregimentalheadquarterstoliyangandconsolidation,andsoon,Regiment,battalion,allpoliticalleadershavebeenreplaced,militarycadresassigneddeputies,thee

4、ntireforcecontrolledbytheJiangsunationalsecurityheadquarters.Presenceinthetombofthesecondbattalion,accordingtothenexthigherpartyorganizationforinstructions,ledbyZhengCommunistpartyorganizationsinordertoorganizepeople,arousingthemassesagainstJapan,inorganizations"BookClub"youthreadingprogre

5、ssnewspaper,onthecurrentsituation,stimulateJapaneseenthusiasm.Inordertosolvethereadingbooksissue,Shaoworkingthroughrelationship,fromtheShanghaiundergroundsecretsbacktosomebannedbooks,includingtheprotractedwarandthepopularphilosophyandthetheoryofnewdemocracy,andsoon;therearemanymagazines,suchasthewom

6、ancraftssuchas,setupanunderground300people,13employeesoftheschool.1938threelunarnewyearinearlyJune(Gregoriancalendar,June30),theJapanese"sweeps"toYanZhen,SouthStreetelementaryschoolwastheJapaneseburned,robbedmorethanthings,onfire.BeiJie,theformergirls'schoolwereJapaneseinvadersburneddo

7、wn.Thenextday,theJapaneseeducationcenterandthegymnasiumbuiltin20ofthepeopleinthetombofthestadium(nowthetongluosecondary目錄CONTENTIII像論III1.仰么是茶道與茶藝III1.2.為什么要學(xué)習(xí)茶道茶藝-弘揚(yáng)中華1.3.茶道與茶藝的歷'史、發(fā)展與傳播，及演化IVV2.3SE實(shí)生活中的茶藝知識(shí)V2.眼民飲茶以及茶道現(xiàn)狀VI結(jié)論VIIheShanghaiundergroundsecretsbacktosomebannedbooks,includingtheprotra

8、ctedwarandthepopularphilosophyandthethfromtrentsituation,stimulateJapaneseenthusiasm.Inordertosolvethereadingbooksissue,Shaoworkingthroughrelationship,organizepeople,arousingthemassesagainstJapan,inorganizations"BookClub"youthreadingprogressnewspaper,onthecurertoattalion,accordingtothenext

9、higherpartyorganizationforinstructions,ledbyZhengCommunistpartyorganizationsinordneddeputies,theentireforcecontrolledbytheJiangsunationalsecurityheadquarters.Presenceinthetombofthesecondbassiguarterstoliyangandconsolidation,andsoon,Regiment,battalion,allpoliticalleadershavebeenreplaced,militarycadre

10、sartyorganizationsofWang'sactionstodiscourageinvalid.Endoftheyear,WangHesongfirstbattalionandregimentalheadquth.PadoftheBureautooktheopportunitytoappointWangYititlesandbeincorporatedasathirdmissionforsecurityintheSoyorunusualor,ratingandno.Thesamemonth,byShenLiqunWang,demandingadministrativeoffi

11、cesuppliesintheSouth,hescarXu,WangQun,manypartymembers.WangDepartmentofdevelopmentoftheKMTwasdeeplydisturbedbyactivitiessufferedseemsnthearmyandlocalpeople.OnlypoliticaltrainingDepartmentonthedevelopmentoftheZhuangXueying,XuJiasheng,Huiqinmbersonthepartyorganizationibridge,intheresponsefromthecrowdw

12、asgreat,andWangsoonexpandedto2battalions.Hasdevelopedmorethan40partymeinthetombofthestadium(nowthetongluosecondarywereJapaneseinvadersburneddown.Thenextday,theJapaneseeducationcenterandthegymnasiumbuiltin20ofthepeoplechoolZhen,SouthStreetelementaryschoolwastheJapaneseburned,robbedmorethanthings,onfi

13、re.BeiJie,theformergirls'semployeesoftheschool.1938threelunarnewyearinearlyJune(Gregoriancalendar,June30),theJapanese"sweeps"toYane,13eoryofnewdemocracy,andsoon;therearemanymagazines,suchasthewomancraftssuchas,setupanunderground300peoplII題目:論茶道與茶藝是否值得被繼續(xù)重視摘要:不可否認(rèn)，現(xiàn)代生活的步伐越來(lái)越快。面包與牛奶的壓力，壓

14、的我們喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)快節(jié)奏的生活使我們感受不到身邊的溫存與美好在這個(gè)快節(jié)奏的社會(huì)中，我們亟需找到熱愛(ài)這個(gè)城市的理由，回歸到生活的本色茶道與茶藝是一種以茶為主題的生活禮儀，也是一種修身養(yǎng)心的方式，即在茶事活動(dòng)中融入哲學(xué)、倫理、道德，它通過(guò)沏茶、賞茶、品茶，來(lái)修煉身心，表現(xiàn)一定的禮節(jié)、人品、意境、美學(xué)觀點(diǎn)和精神思想的一種飲茶藝術(shù)。從古至今，“茶”都在潛移默化的發(fā)揮著自己的作用。經(jīng)常飲茶的人一般都是文人墨客和貴族，或者說(shuō)是比較重視修身養(yǎng)性的人，品德高尚的人。飲茶喝茶能靜心、靜神，有助于陶冶情操、去除雜念，既可以修身養(yǎng)性，又可以健身。所以，傳統(tǒng)的茶道與茶藝不僅不與現(xiàn)代快節(jié)奏的生活所矛盾，相反，還大有裨益，

15、相得益彰關(guān)鍵詞:茶道與茶藝弘揚(yáng)傳統(tǒng)文化修身養(yǎng)性正文:1. 緒論:1.1. 什么是茶道與茶藝茶藝是包括茶葉品評(píng)技法和藝術(shù)操作手段的鑒賞以及品茗美好環(huán)境的領(lǐng)略等整個(gè)品茶過(guò)程的美好意境，其過(guò)程體現(xiàn)形式和精神的相互統(tǒng)一，是飲茶活動(dòng)過(guò)程中形成的文化現(xiàn)象。它起源久遠(yuǎn)，歷史悠久，文化底蘊(yùn)深厚，與宗教結(jié)緣。茶藝包括選茗、擇水、烹茶技術(shù)、茶具藝術(shù)、環(huán)境的選擇創(chuàng)造等一系列內(nèi)容。茶藝背景是襯托主題思想的重要手段，它渲染茶性清純、幽雅、質(zhì)樸的氣質(zhì)，增強(qiáng)藝術(shù)感染力。不同的風(fēng)格的茶藝有不同的背景要求，只有選對(duì)了背景才能更好地領(lǐng)會(huì)茶的滋味。茶道被視為一種烹茶飲茶的生活藝術(shù)，一種以茶為媒的生活禮儀，一種以茶修身的生活方式。它

16、通過(guò)沏茶、賞茶、聞茶、飲茶、增進(jìn)友誼，美心修德，學(xué)習(xí)禮法，領(lǐng)略傳統(tǒng)美德，是很有益的一種和美儀式。喝茶能靜心、靜神，有助于陶冶情操、去除雜念。茶道是一種以茶為媒的生活禮儀，也被認(rèn)為是修身養(yǎng)性的一種方式，它通過(guò)沏茶、賞茶、飲茶、增進(jìn)友誼，美心修德，學(xué)習(xí)禮法，是很有益的一種和美儀式。喝茶能靜心、靜神，有助于陶冶情操、去除雜念，這與提倡“清靜、恬澹”的東方哲學(xué)思想很合拍，也符合佛道儒的“內(nèi)省修行”思想。茶道精神是茶文化的核心，是茶文化的靈魂。1.2. 為什么要學(xué)習(xí)茶道茶藝-弘揚(yáng)中華茶道茶起源于中國(guó)，茶道是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的一朵奇葩，是中華民族的瑰寶。茶藝也起源于中國(guó)，然而，提起茶藝，人們首先想到的是日本茶

17、道，在世界上影響較大的也是日本茶道，殊不知這種被世人稱為東方最美的文化藝術(shù)，原原本本就是從中國(guó)傳入的。因此，研習(xí)茶藝，學(xué)習(xí)茶道，普及茶道，wn.Thenextday,theJapaneseeducationcenterandthegymnasiumbuiltin20ofthepeopleinthetombofthestadium(nowastheJapaneseburned,robbedmorethanthings,onfire.BeiJie,theformergirls'schoolwereJapaneseinvadersburneddohoolwreelunarnewyearine

18、arlyJune(Gregoriancalendar,June30),theJapanese"sweeps"toYanZhen,SouthStreetelementaryscearemanymagazines,suchasthewomancraftssuchas,setupanunderground300people,13employeesoftheschool.1938th;therbacktosomebannedbooks,includingtheprotractedwarandthepopularphilosophyandthetheoryofnewdemocracy

19、,andsoonhusiasm.Inordertosolvethereadingbooksissue,Shaoworkingthroughrelationship,fromtheShanghaiundergroundsecretseentsesagainstJapan,inorganizations"BookClub"youthreadingprogressnewspaper,onthecurrentsituation,stimulateJapanespartyorganizationforinstructions,ledbyZhengCommunistpartyorgan

20、izationsinordertoorganizepeople,arousingthemashigherontrolledbytheJiangsunationalsecurityheadquarters.Presenceinthetombofthesecondbattalion,accordingtothenextndsoon,Regiment,battalion,allpoliticalleadershavebeenreplaced,militarycadresassigneddeputies,theentireforcecion,aionstodiscourageinvalid.Endof

21、theyear,WangHesongfirstbattalionandregimentalheadquarterstoliyangandconsolidattoappointWangYititlesandbeincorporatedasathirdmissionforsecurityintheSouth.PartyorganizationsofWang'sactunityThesamemonth,byShenLiqunWang,demandingadministrativeofficesuppliesintheSouth,headoftheBureautooktheopportgDep

22、artmentofdevelopmentoftheKMTwasdeeplydisturbedbyactivitiessufferedseemsscaryorunusualor,ratingandno.s.WanypoliticaltrainingDepartmentonthedevelopmentoftheZhuangXueying,XuJiasheng,HuiqinXu,WangQun,manypartymemberxpandedto2battalions.Hasdevelopedmorethan40partymembersonthepartyorganizationinthearmyand

23、localpeople.Onlbridge,intheresponsefromthecrowdwasgreat,andWangsooneongluosecondarythetIII擴(kuò)大茶道的影響，可增強(qiáng)世界各國(guó)對(duì)中國(guó)茶道的了解和認(rèn)識(shí)，進(jìn)而增強(qiáng)對(duì)中華民族優(yōu)秀文化的了解和認(rèn)識(shí)。學(xué)茶藝的另一個(gè)重要的目的在于，文化創(chuàng)新、豐富茶道的內(nèi)涵,并通過(guò)茶道的發(fā)展，為民族文化注入新的內(nèi)容，進(jìn)而對(duì)民族文化產(chǎn)生堅(jiān)定的自信心。一位茶人曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這樣一段話:“茶可以不喝，茶這種民族文化卻不可以漠不關(guān)心，不喝茶是個(gè)人小事，漠不關(guān)心則有損民族精神，喝茶也是民族精神振奮的一種氣息?！焙霌P(yáng)茶道，能促進(jìn)我們從民族傳統(tǒng)文化中汲取營(yíng)養(yǎng)，

24、進(jìn)一步振奮民族精神，促進(jìn)中華民族的振興。1.3. 茶道與茶藝的歷史、發(fā)展與傳播，及演化茶道”是飲茶活動(dòng)過(guò)程中形成的文化現(xiàn)象。它起源久遠(yuǎn)，歷史悠久，文化底蘊(yùn)深厚?！安璧馈笔且圆铻檩d體，并通過(guò)茶來(lái)傳播的一種文化，是茶與文化的有機(jī)融合。1.3.1. 三國(guó)以前的茶道啟蒙很多書(shū)籍把茶的發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)間定為公元前2737-2697年，其歷史可推到三皇五帝。東漢華沱食經(jīng)記錄了茶的醫(yī)學(xué)價(jià)值。西漢以將茶的產(chǎn)地縣命名為“茶陵”，即湖南的茶陵。到三國(guó)魏代廣雅中已最早記載了餅茶的制法和飲用:荊巴間采葉作餅，葉老者餅成，以米膏出之。茶以物質(zhì)形式出現(xiàn)而滲透至其他人文科學(xué)而形成茶道。1.3.2. 晉代、南北朝茶道的萌芽隨著文人飲茶

25、之興起，有關(guān)茶的詩(shī)詞歌賦日漸問(wèn)世，茶已經(jīng)脫離作為一般形態(tài)的飲食走入文化圈，起著一定的精神、社會(huì)作用。1.3.3. 唐代茶道的形成公元780年陸羽著茶經(jīng)，是唐代茶道形成的標(biāo)志，其概括了茶的自然和人文科學(xué)雙重內(nèi)容，探討了飲茶藝術(shù)，把儒、道、佛三教融入飲茶中，首創(chuàng)中國(guó)茶道精神。以后又出現(xiàn)大量茶書(shū)、茶詩(shī)，有茶述、煎茶水記、采茶記、十六湯品等。唐代茶道的形成與禪教的興起有關(guān)，因茶有提神益思，生精止渴功能，故寺廟崇尚飲茶，在寺院周?chē)膊铇?shù)，制定茶禮、設(shè)茶堂、選茶頭，專(zhuān)呈茶事活動(dòng)。在唐代形成的中國(guó)茶道分宮廷茶道、寺院茶禮、文人茶道。1.3.4. 宋代茶道的興盛宋代茶業(yè)已有很大發(fā)展，推動(dòng)了茶葉文化發(fā)展，在文人

26、中出現(xiàn)了專(zhuān)業(yè)品茶社團(tuán)，有官員組成的“湯社”、佛教徒的“千人社”等。宋太祖趙匡胤是位嗜茶之士，在宮庭中設(shè)立茶事機(jī)關(guān)，宮廷用茶已分等級(jí)。茶儀已成禮制，賜茶已成皇帝籠絡(luò)大臣、眷懷親族的重要手段，還賜給國(guó)外使節(jié)。至于下層社會(huì)，茶道更是生機(jī)活潑，有人遷徙，鄰里要“獻(xiàn)茶”，有客來(lái)，要敬“元寶茶”，定婚時(shí)要“下茶”，結(jié)婚時(shí)要“定茶”，同房時(shí)要“合茶”。民間斗茶風(fēng)起。1.3.5. 明、清茶道的普及此時(shí)已出現(xiàn)蒸青、炒青、烘青等各茶類(lèi)，茶的飲用已改成“撮泡法”，明代不少文人雅士留有傳世之作，如唐伯虎的烹茶畫(huà)卷、品茶圖、文徵明的惠山茶會(huì)記、陸羽烹茶圖、品茶圖等。明清時(shí)期茶類(lèi)品種增多，泡茶的技藝爐火純青，茶具的款式、

27、質(zhì)地、花紋也千姿百態(tài)，茶道已成燎原之勢(shì)。到清朝，茶葉出口已成為一種正式行業(yè)，茶書(shū)、茶事、茶詩(shī)不計(jì)其數(shù)。inthetombofthestadium(nowthetongluosecondarywereJapaneseinvadersburneddown.Thenextday,theJapaneseeducationcenterandthegymnasiumbuiltin20ofthepeoplechoolZhen,SouthStreetelementaryschoolwastheJapaneseburned,robbedmorethanthings,onfire.BeiJie,theformer

28、girls'semployeesoftheschool.1938threelunarnewyearinearlyJune(Gregoriancalendar,June30),theJapanese"sweeps"toYane,13eoryofnewdemocracy,andsoon;therearemanymagazines,suchasthewomancraftssuchas,setupanunderground300peoplheShanghaiundergroundsecretsbacktosomebannedbooks,includingtheprotrac

29、tedwarandthepopularphilosophyandthethfromtrentsituation,stimulateJapaneseenthusiasm.Inordertosolvethereadingbooksissue,Shaoworkingthroughrelationship,organizepeople,arousingthemassesagainstJapan,inorganizations"BookClub"youthreadingprogressnewspaper,onthecurertoattalion,accordingtothenexth

30、igherpartyorganizationforinstructions,ledbyZhengCommunistpartyorganizationsinordneddeputies,theentireforcecontrolledbytheJiangsunationalsecurityheadquarters.Presenceinthetombofthesecondbassiguarterstoliyangandconsolidation,andsoon,Regiment,battalion,allpoliticalleadershavebeenreplaced,militarycadres

31、artyorganizationsofWang'sactionstodiscourageinvalid.Endoftheyear,WangHesongfirstbattalionandregimentalheadquth.PadoftheBureautooktheopportunitytoappointWangYititlesandbeincorporatedasathirdmissionforsecurityintheSoyorunusualor,ratingandno.Thesamemonth,byShenLiqunWang,demandingadministrativeoffic

32、esuppliesintheSouth,hescarXu,WangQun,manypartymembers.WangDepartmentofdevelopmentoftheKMTwasdeeplydisturbedbyactivitiessufferedseemsnthearmyandlocalpeople.OnlypoliticaltrainingDepartmentonthedevelopmentoftheZhuangXueying,XuJiasheng,Huiqinmbersonthepartyorganizationibridge,intheresponsefromthecrowdwa

33、sgreat,andWangsoonexpandedto2battalions.Hasdevelopedmorethan40partymeIV1.3.6. 現(xiàn)代茶道的發(fā)展新中國(guó)成立后，我國(guó)茶葉從1949年的年產(chǎn)7500噸發(fā)展到2010年的140萬(wàn)(61年，翻了近1867倍。而且2010年中國(guó)茶葉生產(chǎn)克服歷史上少見(jiàn)的凍害和干旱極端氣候的影響，全年總產(chǎn)量仍然繼續(xù)保持了增長(zhǎng)的態(tài)勢(shì)，國(guó)內(nèi)銷(xiāo)售超過(guò)了100萬(wàn)噸。)中國(guó)茶葉產(chǎn)量穩(wěn)居世界第一，茶物質(zhì)財(cái)富的大量增加為我國(guó)茶道的發(fā)展提供了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)，在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上的影響力逐漸擴(kuò)大。2. 本論:2.1. 茶文化的內(nèi)涵“茶葉”，是指經(jīng)過(guò)加工的茶樹(shù)嫩葉，可以做成飲料?！?/p>

34、茶”，指用茶葉做成的飲料。茶文化從廣義上講，分茶的自然科學(xué)和茶的人文科學(xué)兩方面，是指人類(lèi)社會(huì)歷史實(shí)踐過(guò)程中所創(chuàng)造的與茶有關(guān)的物質(zhì)財(cái)富和精神財(cái)富的總和。從狹義上講，著重于茶的人文科學(xué)，主要指茶對(duì)精神和社會(huì)的功能。由于茶的自然科學(xué)已形成獨(dú)立的體系,因此，現(xiàn)在常講的茶文化偏重于人文科學(xué)。茶文化包括茶葉品評(píng)技法和藝術(shù)操作手段的鑒賞以及品茗美好環(huán)境的領(lǐng)略等整個(gè)品茶過(guò)程的美好意境。茶文化是中華傳統(tǒng)文化的組成部分，其內(nèi)容十分豐富，涉及科技教育、文化藝術(shù)、醫(yī)學(xué)保健、歷史考古、經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易、餐飲旅游和新聞出版等學(xué)科與行業(yè)。2.2. 茶文化的表現(xiàn)形式我們先來(lái)明確幾個(gè)詞:喝茶、品茶、茶藝。,.喝茶:將茶當(dāng)飲料解渴;,.

35、品茶:注重茶的色香味，講究水質(zhì)茶具，喝的時(shí)候細(xì)細(xì)品味;,.茶藝:講究環(huán)境、氣氛、音樂(lè)、沖泡技巧及人際關(guān)系等。茶藝是茶文化的表現(xiàn)形式。茶藝的最高境界茶道。通俗講，茶道就是指把茶視為珍貴、高尚的飲料，把飲茶視為一種精神上的享受，視為一種藝術(shù)，或視為一種修身養(yǎng)性的手段。通過(guò)品茶來(lái)修身養(yǎng)性、品味人生，達(dá)到精神上的享受。茶道包括兩方面的內(nèi)容:一是備茶品飲之道:備茶的技藝、規(guī)范和品飲方法是思想內(nèi)涵:即通過(guò)飲茶陶冶情操、修身養(yǎng)性、升華思想。中國(guó)茶道講究五境之美，即茶葉、茶水、火候、茶具、環(huán)境，同時(shí)配以情緒等條件，以求“味”和“心”的最高享受。2.3. 現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的茶藝知識(shí)茶藝包括:選茗、擇水、烹茶技術(shù)、茶具

36、藝術(shù)、環(huán)境的選擇創(chuàng)造等一系列內(nèi)容。茶藝背景是襯托主題思想的重要手段，它渲染茶性清純、幽雅、質(zhì)樸的氣質(zhì)，增強(qiáng)藝術(shù)感染力。不同的風(fēng)格的茶藝有不同的背景要求，只有選對(duì)了背景才能更好地領(lǐng)會(huì)茶的滋味。飲茶講究“泡茶”:茶葉沖以煮沸的清水，順乎自然，清飲雅嘗，尋求茶的固有之味，重在意境，這是茶的中式品茶的特點(diǎn)。同樣質(zhì)量的茶葉，如用水不同、茶具不同或沖泡技術(shù)不一，泡出的茶湯會(huì)有不同的效果。我國(guó)自古以來(lái)就十分講究茶的沖泡，積累了豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。要想泡好茶，就要了解各類(lèi)茶葉的特點(diǎn)，掌握科學(xué)的沖泡技術(shù)，使茶葉的固有品質(zhì)能充分地表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。ongluosecondarythetwn.Thenextday,theJapan

37、eseeducationcenterandthegymnasiumbuiltin20ofthepeopleinthetombofthestadium(nowastheJapaneseburned,robbedmorethanthings,onfire.BeiJie,theformergirls'schoolwereJapaneseinvadersburneddohoolwreelunarnewyearinearlyJune(Gregoriancalendar,June30),theJapanese"sweeps"toYanZhen,SouthStreetelemen

38、taryscearemanymagazines,suchasthewomancraftssuchas,setupanunderground300people,13employeesoftheschool.1938th;therbacktosomebannedbooks,includingtheprotractedwarandthepopularphilosophyandthetheoryofnewdemocracy,andsoonhusiasm.Inordertosolvethereadingbooksissue,Shaoworkingthroughrelationship,fromtheSh

39、anghaiundergroundsecretseentsesagainstJapan,inorganizations"BookClub"youthreadingprogressnewspaper,onthecurrentsituation,stimulateJapanespartyorganizationforinstructions,ledbyZhengCommunistpartyorganizationsinordertoorganizepeople,arousingthemashigherontrolledbytheJiangsunationalsecurityhe

40、adquarters.Presenceinthetombofthesecondbattalion,accordingtothenextndsoon,Regiment,battalion,allpoliticalleadershavebeenreplaced,militarycadresassigneddeputies,theentireforcecion,aionstodiscourageinvalid.Endoftheyear,WangHesongfirstbattalionandregimentalheadquarterstoliyangandconsolidattoappointWang

41、YititlesandbeincorporatedasathirdmissionforsecurityintheSouth.PartyorganizationsofWang'sactunityThesamemonth,byShenLiqunWang,demandingadministrativeofficesuppliesintheSouth,headoftheBureautooktheopportgDepartmentofdevelopmentoftheKMTwasdeeplydisturbedbyactivitiessufferedseemsscaryorunusualor,rat

42、ingandno.s.WanypoliticaltrainingDepartmentonthedevelopmentoftheZhuangXueying,XuJiasheng,HuiqinXu,WangQun,manypartymemberxpandedto2battalions.Hasdevelopedmorethan40partymembersonthepartyorganizationinthearmyandlocalpeople.Onlbridge,intheresponsefromthecrowdwasgreat,andWangsooneV泡茶要掌握好茶葉的用量和水的溫度。茶葉的用量

43、有“細(xì)茶粗吃、粗茶細(xì)吃”之說(shuō)。一般來(lái)講，細(xì)嫩的茶含茶汁較少，沖泡時(shí)宜多放些;而粗茶含茶汁多，要少放些。以500毫升一壺水計(jì)，一般茶葉可放6,10克，而像龍井茶等精細(xì)茶葉就應(yīng)多放些。沖泡茶葉的水溫，要看水的質(zhì)量和茶葉的等級(jí)。俗話說(shuō):“老茶宜沏，嫩茶宜泡?！彼^沏，就是用剛燒開(kāi)的水泡。從科學(xué)的角度講，用溫度太熱的水沏茶，會(huì)破壞茶葉中的維生素C,但水溫過(guò)低又不易使茶葉香味溢出。為兩全其美，品嘗細(xì)嫩、高級(jí)的綠茶，水溫最好在80,90?。十分細(xì)嫩的茶葉，水溫還可以再低一點(diǎn)。其他中檔茶葉，可用100?的滾水沖泡。而紅茶、花茶，則宜用沸水沖泡并加以杯蓋，以免散失香味。一般第一次泡的茶不飲，只用作洗茶，所以一

44、般倒掉。2.4. 國(guó)民飲茶以及茶道現(xiàn)狀現(xiàn)代社會(huì)依靠高科技和信息，創(chuàng)造更多的社會(huì)財(cái)富，物質(zhì)財(cái)富將越來(lái)越多，生活也將更加富裕。改革開(kāi)放的過(guò)程中，在吸收西方的優(yōu)秀科技和工藝技術(shù)的同時(shí)，西方頹廢的文化價(jià)值觀、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣也侵蝕到我們的社會(huì)和生活，隨之產(chǎn)生道德危機(jī)、拜金主義和極端個(gè)人主義等傾向已經(jīng)成為影響社會(huì)進(jìn)步的重要因素。當(dāng)代社會(huì)，國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)形勢(shì)發(fā)生了深刻而又復(fù)雜的變化，社會(huì)主義文化的發(fā)展既面臨著良好的機(jī)遇，又面臨著嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。社會(huì)發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明，現(xiàn)代化社會(huì)需要與之相適應(yīng)的精神文明，需要發(fā)掘優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化的精神資源。文化是民族精神的火炬、人民奮進(jìn)的號(hào)角。文化正以潤(rùn)物細(xì)無(wú)聲地，在潛移默化中釋放著巨大而無(wú)窮的力量。

45、茶文化所具有的歷史性，時(shí)代性的文化因素，在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中已經(jīng)正在發(fā)揮其自身的積極作用。茶文化是高雅文化，社會(huì)名流和知名人士樂(lè)意參加;茶文化也是大眾文化，民眾廣為參與。茶文化覆蓋全民，影響到整個(gè)社會(huì)。茶文化重視人的品性修養(yǎng)，通過(guò)把茶的天然特性、特征升華為一種精神象征，把茶事活動(dòng)上升到精神活動(dòng)來(lái)達(dá)到育人的目的。一杯清茶，苦盡甘來(lái)，能啟迪人們先苦后甜，先天下之憂而憂，后天下之樂(lè);飲茶的意境還能孕育出良好的心態(tài)，進(jìn)化滋潤(rùn)人的生命。茶文化以德為中心，重視人的群體價(jià)值，倡導(dǎo)無(wú)私奉獻(xiàn)，反對(duì)見(jiàn)利忘義和唯利是圖。主張義重于利，注重協(xié)調(diào)人與人之間的相互關(guān)系，提倡對(duì)人尊敬，重視修生養(yǎng)德，有利于人的心態(tài)平衡，解決現(xiàn)代人的

46、精神困惑，提高人的文化素養(yǎng)。中國(guó)人尤其是中國(guó)文化人的愛(ài)茶,原因大約在于一個(gè)“淡”字。茶葉那淡雅、清幽、綿長(zhǎng)的品性與中國(guó)文化人淡泊自珍的處世哲學(xué)和審美情趣，實(shí)在有著天生的不解之緣。3. 結(jié)論:古往今來(lái)，文人雅士愛(ài)茶吟茶，不知留下多少佳話名篇。而這些名篇佳話所訴說(shuō)的無(wú)非都是一種茶一般淡泊的心性。人們運(yùn)用審美力對(duì)茶之美進(jìn)行了解欣賞、品評(píng)、聯(lián)想，進(jìn)入美的境界中去，從而誘發(fā)靈感，文思如潮。茶文化是中華民族高潔、清雅風(fēng)格的體現(xiàn)，是藝術(shù)生活的結(jié)晶。所以說(shuō)，傳統(tǒng)的茶道與茶藝不僅不與現(xiàn)代快節(jié)奏的生活所矛盾，相反，還大有裨益，相得益彰當(dāng)然，如何發(fā)揚(yáng)光大茶道精神，仍需我們所有人的努力Zhen,SouthStreet

47、elementaryschoolwastheJapaneseburned,robbedmorethanthings,onfire.BeiJie,theformergirls'semployeesoftheschool.1938threelunarnewyearinearlyJune(Gregoriancalendar,June30),theJapanese"sweeps"toYane,13eoryofnewdemocracy,andsoon;therearemanymagazines,suchasthewomancraftssuchas,setupanundergr

48、ound300peoplheShanghaiundergroundsecretsbacktosomebannedbooks,includingtheprotractedwarandthepopularphilosophyandthethfromtrentsituation,stimulateJapaneseenthusiasm.Inordertosolvethereadingbooksissue,Shaoworkingthroughrelationship,organizepeople,arousingthemassesagainstJapan,inorganizations"Boo

49、kClub"youthreadingprogressnewspaper,onthecurertoattalion,accordingtothenexthigherpartyorganizationforinstructions,ledbyZhengCommunistpartyorganizationsinordneddeputies,theentireforcecontrolledbytheJiangsunationalsecurityheadquarters.Presenceinthetombofthesecondbassiguarterstoliyangandconsolidat

50、ion,andsoon,Regiment,battalion,allpoliticalleadershavebeenreplaced,militarycadresartyorganizationsofWang'sactionstodiscourageinvalid.Endoftheyear,WangHesongfirstbattalionandregimentalheadquth.PadoftheBureautooktheopportunitytoappointWangYititlesandbeincorporatedasathirdmissionforsecurityintheSoy

51、orunusualor,ratingandno.Thesamemonth,byShenLiqunWang,demandingadministrativeofficesuppliesintheSouth,hescarXu,WangQun,manypartymembers.WangDepartmentofdevelopmentoftheKMTwasdeeplydisturbedbyactivitiessufferedseemsnthearmyandlocalpeople.OnlypoliticaltrainingDepartmentonthedevelopmentoftheZhuangXueyin

52、g,XuJiasheng,Huiqinmbersonthepartyorganizationibridge,intheresponsefromthecrowdwasgreat,andWangsoonexpandedto2battalions.Hasdevelopedmorethan40partymeinthetombofthestadium(nowthetongluosecondarywereJapaneseinvadersburneddown.Thenextday,theJapaneseeducationcenterandthegymnasiumbuiltin20ofthepeoplechoolVI參考文獻(xiàn):淺談茶文化茶文化發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及主要趨勢(shì)分析中國(guó)茶道的歷史淵源_茶文化_中國(guó)茶網(wǎng)【百家講堂】中國(guó)茶文化的歷史演變茶文化發(fā)展史“茶文化的萌芽”為什么要學(xué)習(xí)茶道茶藝-弘揚(yáng)中華茶文化-九茗茶品牌網(wǎng)現(xiàn)代人的生活百度知道等。reelunarnewyearinearlyJune(Gregoriancalendar,June30),theJapanese&quo