醫(yī)學(xué)英語詞根詞綴大全76153

1、醫(yī)學(xué)英語詞根詞綴SuffixMeaningExample-acpertaining to屬于，關(guān)于cardiac: pertaining to the heart心臟（?。┑?alpertaining tomedical: pertaining to medicine-arpertaining tomolecular: pertaining to a molecule分子的-arypertaining tobelonging tociliary: pertaining to the cilia睫毛的,纖毛的,毛狀的-aseenzyme 酶amylase: any enzyme that con

2、verts starch to sugar 淀粉酶-clesmallness小,少,貧乏,小氣follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac小囊,(頭發(fā)的)毛囊-ean instrument 儀器auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear (檢查耳朵用的)耳鏡-ealpertaining tolaryngeal: pertaining to the larynx喉的, 喉音的-iacondition; qualityphobia: abnormal fear 恐懼，害怕-icpertaining totoxic:

3、pertaining to toxin有毒的；因中毒引起的-icsstudy of; name of a sciencepaediatrics: study of children, their development and diseases 兒科學(xué)-ine/insubstance 物質(zhì)insulin：substance (hormone) produced by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas 胰島素-ismprocess or conditionalcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol which

4、 becomes addictive 酒精中毒-istone who specializes in精通于的人pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs 藥理專家-itisinflammation refers to a part in部位的炎癥rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎-(i)umrelation to a whole; related to與相關(guān)endometrium: inner lining of the uter子宮內(nèi)膜-ivec

5、haracterizes byantitussive: a drug that suppresses coughing止咳藥-lettiny; smalldroplet: a tiny drop 小滴-mentthe result or product of an actiondevelopment: thing which develops or is being developed; action of becoming mature-oidresembling; like像mucoid: resembling mucus粘液樣的-olelittle; smallcentriole: th

6、e small dense structure in the middle of the centrosome細(xì)胞中心粒；中心體-omatumor; swelling refers to a doerdermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin皮膚纖維瘤-or/-ereither a person or thingreceptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds to various stimuli感受器，受體-orycharacterized by; pertaining tosuspensory: which

7、 is hanging down懸吊式，懸?guī)?osesugarfructose: fruits sugar found in honey and some fruit 果糖-osisabnormal conditiononychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hidden nail 嵌甲-ouspertaining topoisonous: pertaining to poison; also containing poison 有毒的，分泌毒素的-somesbodiesribosome: the body of nucleic acid核糖體-umst

8、ructure; thing; substance結(jié)構(gòu)，物質(zhì)magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance 鎂（金屬元素）-ycondition; act; processdystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism 營養(yǎng)不良The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixesSuffixMeaningExample-algiapain; painful; conditionarthra

9、lgia: pain in a joint 關(guān)節(jié)痛-aseenzymeprotease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶-blastembryo胚，胚胎，人類胚胎hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚細(xì)胞，原始血細(xì)胞-carcinomamalignant tumor developing from connective tissue 相關(guān)組織的惡性腫瘤adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developing from glandular tissue 腺癌-celeprotrusion; distention突出；膨脹，延伸esophag

10、ocele: abnormal distention of the esophagus 食管突出-centesissurgical puncture 手術(shù)穿孔paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿刺術(shù)-capniacarbon dioxide 二氧化碳acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏-cidekillgermicide: (substance) which can kill germs殺菌劑-clastcellphagocyte:ce

11、ll, especially a white blood cell, which can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌細(xì)胞-dyniapainglossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛-ectasia/-ectasisexpansion; dilation(膨脹，擴(kuò)張)atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth 肺不張-ectomysurgical excision or removal ofgastrectomy: surgical removal of t

12、he stomach胃切除術(shù)-edemaexcessive accumulation of serous fluid 水腫myxoedema: condition caused when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病，粘液水腫-emiablood conditionleukemia: any of several malignant diseases where an abnormal number of leucocytes form in the blood 白血病-emesisvomitin

13、g 嘔吐hematemesis: the vomiting of blood 咯血；吐血-gensomething that produced or prouducespathogen: a microorganism or agent capable of producing disease 病菌，病原體-genesisproduction 生產(chǎn)spermatogenesis: formation and development of spermatozoa in the testes精子發(fā)生-globinprotein蛋白質(zhì)hemoglobin: an iron-containing pr

14、otein produced by erythrocytes 血紅素-gnosisknowledgediagnosis: the process of identifying the nature or presence of a disease through knowledge and examination-gramimage; pictureelectrocardiogram: a graphic record of the electrical activity of heart muscle or heartbeat used in the diagnosis of heart d

15、isease.Abbr. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram心電圖-graph(y)process of recording記錄過程electocardiography: the process of making or recording electrocardiograms. Syn. cardiography 心電圖記錄-iasiscondition; state情況，狀況cholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones 膽石癥-iatry/-iatricshealing, frequently refers to a bran

16、ch of medicine 康復(fù)，常指醫(yī)學(xué)的一個(gè)分支podiatry: treatment of foot disorders足部醫(yī)療-lithstonecholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed in the gallbladder 膽結(jié)石-logythe study ofcytology: the science study of cells 細(xì)胞學(xué)-logistone who studies and treatsurologist: a physician who specializes in the practice of urology 泌尿科醫(yī)生

17、-lysisbreakdown, destructionhemolysis: the destruction or breakdown of red blood cells with release of hemoglobin溶血-malaciasofteningosteomalacia: softening of bone 骨軟化-maniaextreme compulsion or preoccupation強(qiáng)迫癥kleptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsion to steal 盜竊癖-megalygiantacromegaly: a co

18、ndition in which there is an enlargement of the facial bones as well as those of the lungs 肢端肥大癥-metry/-metermeasurementspirometry: measurement of the volume of air inhaled and exhaled or the air capacity of the lungs肺(活)量測定(法),呼吸量測定(法)-odyniapaincardiodynia: pain in the heart region 心痛，胸痛-onehormon

19、e荷爾蒙，激素parathormone: which regulates calcium balance among the blood, bones, and teeth甲狀旁腺激素-opiaa defect in the eye眼睛的毛病myopia: being short-sighted 近視-opsyto viewbiopsy: excision of live tissue for microscopic diagnosis活檢-osismorbid condition病態(tài)的sclerosis: abnormal hardening 硬化癥-osmiasmellanosmia: l

20、oss of the sense of smell嗅覺喪失-ostomyprocess of making an opening into or a connection between造瘺gastrostomy: surgical construction of an opening from the surface of the abdomen into the stomach胃造口術(shù)-oxialevel of oxygen氧水平hypoxia: a low oxygen level or a lack of oxygen in body tissues組織缺氧-pathydisease;

21、 diseased conditionophthalmopathy: any eye disease眼病-peniadeficiencyleukopenia: deficiency of leukocytes in the blood. Syn. leukocytopenia白細(xì)胞減少癥-pepsiadigestioneupepsia: good digestion 消化良好-pexya fixing or setting firmly in place by suturing 縫合固定hepatopexy: surgical fixation of a displace liver肝固定術(shù)-

22、phagia/phagyeating; swallowing 吃，吞咽dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing吞咽困難-philattraction吸引，具有吸引力的事物 basophil: type of leucocyte or white blood cell which contains granules嗜堿性粒細(xì)胞-phobiafearxenophobia: irrational fear of strangers對(duì)外國人的恐懼，憎惡-plasiaformation; developmenthyperplasia: overdevelopment or

23、enlargement of an organ or tissue增生，數(shù)量型肥大-phoniavoicedysphonia: difficulty in speaking發(fā)聲困難-plasmformation; growth or substance of formationcytoplasm: jelly substance in the cell細(xì)胞漿-plastysurgical repairosteoplasty: surgical repair of the bone骨整形術(shù)，骨成形術(shù)-plegiastroke; paralysis 中風(fēng)thermoplegia: heat or

24、sunsrtoke熱射病-pneabreathingeupnea: normal breathing呼吸正常，平靜呼吸-ptosisa falling, the dropping or sagging of an organ器官下移hepatoptosis: abnormally low position of the liver肝下垂-ptysisspitting分散melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen黑色痰液;咳黑痰-poiesisproductionhemopoiesis: production of blood cells 造血作用，生血作用-rrh

25、age/-rrhagiabursting forth of blood 出血menorrhagia: very heavy bleeding during menstruation 月經(jīng)過多-rrhaphysurgical sewing or suturingsplenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen脾修補(bǔ)術(shù)-rrheaoverflowhydrorrhea: watery discharge液溢-(o)rrhexissplitting or rupture 撕裂，破裂，疝氣amniorrhexis: rupture of the amniotic ac羊膜破裂-sa

26、rcomamalignant tumor developing from connective tissueliposarcoma: malignant tumor containing fat脂肪肉瘤-schesisa holding back; suppression of discharge阻礙；抑制排放uroschesis: suppression of urine閉尿，尿潴留-sclerosisa hardeningdermatosclerosis: hardening of the skin硬皮病-scopeinstrument for viewingstethoscope: an

27、 instrument for performing medicate ausculation聽診器-scopyprocess of examining visuallyhepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝檢查-spasminvoluntary contractionangiospasm: sudden contraction of the muscles in a blood vessel血管痙攣-stasissuppression; stoppage; control; arrest抑制，中止hemostasis: the arrest of bl

28、eeding止血，止血法-stenosisabnormal narrowing of a duct or canal管、道德異常狹窄laryngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the larynx 喉狹窄-stomysurgical opening to the outside of the body造口colostomy: surgical operation to make an opening from the colon結(jié)腸造口術(shù)-tentionpressurehypertention: high blood pressure 高血壓-therapyt

29、reatmentphysiotherapy: treatment of disease by physical means物理療法-tionprocesshospitalization: the process of being hosipitalized住院-tocialabor; birth 生產(chǎn)embryotocia: abortion 流產(chǎn)-tometool for incisionarthrotome: instrument for cutting a joint關(guān)節(jié)刀-tomyprocess of cutting intogastrotomy: incision of the st

30、omach 胃切開術(shù)-tropiaturning 轉(zhuǎn)彎，變向esotropia: turning inward of the eye內(nèi)斜視-trophynourishment or development of an organ器官的營養(yǎng)、發(fā)育dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism營養(yǎng)不良-uriaa condition of the urine（小便）dysuria: difficultly in passing urine 排尿困難-versionturningeversion: a turning o

31、utward外翻，翻轉(zhuǎn)Here is a table of the most commonly used prefixesPrefixMeaningExamplea-/an-without; notaphasia: the inability to understand written or spoken words or to speak meaningfully失語癥ab-away fromabortion: expulsion from the uterus流產(chǎn)ad-to; toward; nearadnasal: near the nose 近鼻的acro-a point or tip

32、acronyx: growing into the flesh嵌甲alb-whitealbino: a person lacking normal pigmentation白發(fā)病者amb-/ambi-bothambisexual、bisexual: (person) who is sexually attracted to both males and famales 雙性戀amphi-/ampho-both; both sidesamphicentric: beginning and ending in the same vessel起止同源的血管ana-up; back againanab

33、olism: process of building up complex chemical substances on the basis of simpler ones 合成代謝Angio-a blood vesselangioma: benign tumor formed of blood vessel血管瘤ante-beforeantenatal: during the period between conception and childbirth 出生前的，懷孕期的anti-againstantidepressant: (drug) used to treat depression

34、抗抑郁劑audi-hearing; soundaudiometry: science of testing hearing聽力測定auto-selfautoantibody: antibody formed to attack the bodys own cells自身抗體 bi-two; twicebicellular: two cells兩室的bio-living organisms生命體biochemistry: chemistry living tissues生物化學(xué)brady-slowbradycardia: slow rate of heart contraction, shown

35、 by a slow pulse rate心動(dòng)過緩carcin-carcinoma or cancer癌；瘤carcinogen: a cancer-causing substance致癌物cata-downwards; under; against;along withcataract: condition where the lens of the eye gradually becomes hard and opaque白內(nèi)障centi-one hundredth百分之一centimeter: unit of measurement of length(=one hundredth of

36、 a meter)厘米co(n)-with or togetherconsanguineous: blood relationship血親的，血緣的，密切的contra-againstcontraception: prevention of pregnancy by using devices or drugs 避孕法，節(jié)育法de-removal or lossdecaffeinated: (coffee) with the caffeine removed 脫去咖啡因的deca-tendecagram: ten grams 十克deci-tenthdeciliter: unit of mea

37、surement of liquid(=one tenth of a little)1/10公升di-twodiglossia: a double tongue使用兩種語言dia-through; between; apart; acrossdiathermy: process of (treating) through heat透熱療法dis-reversal or separatedisintegrate: to come to pieces分解，破裂dys-bad; difficult; disordereddysarthrosis: deformity or malformation

38、of a joint關(guān)節(jié)變形echo-soundechocardiography: ultrasonography of the heart心回波描記，超聲心動(dòng)描記術(shù)ect-/ecto-outside or outerecchondroma: benign tumor on the surface of cartilage or bone外生軟骨瘤en-in; withinenostosis: benign growth inside a bone內(nèi)生骨疣endo-insideendocardium: membrane which lines the heart心內(nèi)膜epi-on; overe

39、pidermis: outer layer of skin表皮ery-rederythrocyte: mature non-nucleated red blood cell紅細(xì)胞eso-inward; within(向內(nèi))esotropia: turning inward of the eye內(nèi)斜視eu-goodeugenics: study of how to improve the human race by genetic selection優(yōu)生學(xué)ex-/ exo-out ofexhale: to breath out 呼出extra-outsideextracapsular: outs

40、ide a capsule囊外的hemi-halfhemiplegia: severe paralysis affecting one side of the body 偏癱,半身麻痹,半身不遂hydro-waterhydrocele: collection of watery liquid found in a cavity such as the scrotum陰囊積水hyper-higher or too muchhyperglycaemia: excess of glucose in the blood高血糖癥hypo-less or too littlehypokalaemia: d

41、eficiency of potassium in the blood 低血鉀in-in or intoinbreeding: breeding between a closely related male and female 近親交配in-notincoherent: not able to speak in a way which makes sense語無倫次infra-below or beneathinfrapatellar: below or beneath the patella髕inter-betweeninterlobular: between lobules小葉間的int

42、ra-insideintramedullary: inside the bone marrow or spinal cord 髓內(nèi)itro-intointrovert: person who thinks only about himself and his own mental state性格內(nèi)向的人mal-bad or abnormalmalfunction: abnormal working of an argan機(jī)器等運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)失常；失靈；出現(xiàn)故障meta-changesmetaplasia: change of one tissue to another化生，轉(zhuǎn)化，組織變形micro-ve

43、ry smallmicrocyte: abnormally small red blood cell小紅細(xì)胞mid-middlemidcarpal: between the two rows of carpal bones腕骨間的milli-one thousandthmilligram: unit of measurement of weight 毫克mis-error or wrongmiscarriage: spontaneous abortion流產(chǎn)multi-manymultigravida: a woman who is pregnant and has been pregnant

44、 at least twice before 經(jīng)產(chǎn)孕婦noct-at nightnocturia: passing abnormally large quantity of urine when asleep in bed at night夜尿癥nona-nine or the ninethnonagon: flat shape which has nine sides九邊形octa-eightoctan: every eight days八日熱；每隔八日發(fā)一次的odont-teethodontology: study of teeth and associated structures, a

45、nd their disordersonco-tumoursoncology: scientific study of new gowths腫瘤學(xué)oro-mouthorolingual: pertaining to the mouth and tongue口與舌的pachy-thickeningpachysomia: condition where soft tissues of the body become abnormally thick軀體肥厚pali-/palin-against; pathologic repetition病態(tài)的重復(fù)palindromic: (disease) wh

46、ich recurs復(fù)發(fā)的，再發(fā)的pan-/pant-/panto-allpancytopenia: abnormal depression of all the cellular elements of the blodd全血細(xì)胞減少癥para-similar to or near; changed or beyondparalyse or paralyze: to weaken (muscles) so that they cannot function使麻痹，使癱瘓pen-/penta-fivepentosuria: excretion of pentoses in the urine戊

47、糖尿per-throughpercutaneous: done or administered through the skin經(jīng)皮的，由皮的peri-aroundpericystitis: inflammation of tissue around the bladder膀胱周炎pero-deformed or defective畸形有缺陷的peromelia: congenital deformity of the limbs四肢不全pharmaco-drugspharmacology: study of drugs or medicines, and their action, properties and characteristics藥理學(xué)，藥物學(xué)pleo-/pleio-too manypleokaryocyte: condition where a greater than normal number of cells in cerebrospinal fluid多核細(xì)胞pluri-morepluriglandular: pertaining to or affecting several glands多線性的pneu