大學(xué)英語四級真題(word打印版)2010年12月

1、精選大學(xué)英語新四級考試PartIWritingDirections: For this, part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on thetopic of How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? You should write at least120 words following the outline given below.1. 目前不少父母為孩子包辦一切2.為了孩子獨立，父母應(yīng)該 PartnReading Comprehension （SKimm

2、ing and Scanning）Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly andanswer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7 choose the best answer fromthe four choices marked A） , B） , C）and D） . For questions 8-10, complete the sentenceswith the information given

3、 in the passage.A Grassroots RemedyMost of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog,play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have apicnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. Themost

4、popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers（慢跑者）jog,they dont run the streets. Every one of them in st in ctively heads to the park or the river.It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whetherwe know we are doing so or not.B

5、ut despite this, our children are growing up natured-eprived （喪失） . I spent myboyhood climbing trees on Streatham Common, South London. These days, children arerobbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the openspaces and odd new perceptions about what is best

6、 for children, that is to say, things thatcan be bought, rather than things that can be found.The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had moved to betterhousing and the children were assessed for ADHDattention deficit hyperactivitydisorder（多動癥）.Those whose accommodati on had

7、more n atural views showed animprovement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings butno nice view-improved just 4%.A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarden children who could play in a naturalenvironment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used

8、 only to anormal playground. A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to anatural environment, academic levels were raised across the entire school.Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgroun ds, childre n create Oiierarchy （等級）based

9、on physical abilities, with the tough onestaking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got muchmore into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imaginations andcreativity.Most bullying（恃強凌弱）is found in schools where there is armac（柏油碎石）playground; th

10、e least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged toexplore. This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill School in Streamham, with its harshtarmac, where I used to hang about in comers fantasising about wildlife.But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural

11、 spaces, forhealth and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause精選damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodiesbut to their souls.One of the great problems of modem childhood is ADHD, now increasingly andexpensively treated

12、with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact withnature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs ratherthan on green places.The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. Theincreasing emphasis for the growing population o

13、f old people is in quality rather thanquantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most importantthing in finding that quality.In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that naturalsurroundings improve all kinds of things. Even problems wi

14、th crime and aggressivebehaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world.Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, statesin his study. A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its restorativeprocess helps reduce anger and impul

15、sive behaviour. Wild places need encouraging forthis reason, no matter how small their contribution.We tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favour that human beingsare granting to the natural world. The error here is far too deep: not only do humans neednature for themselves, but the

16、very idea that humanity and the natural world are separablethings is profoundly damaging.Human beings are a species f ammals(哺乳動物).For seven million years they livedon the planet as part of nature. Our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long forcon tact with non-huma n life. Anyone who has

17、patted a dog, stroked a cat, sat un der atree with a pint of beer, give n or received a bunch of flowers or chose n to walk throughthe park on nice day, understands that.We need the wild world. It is essential to our well-being, our health, our happiness.Without the wild world we are not more but le

18、ss civilized. Without other living thingsaround us we are less than human.Five ways to find harmony with the natural worldWalk: Break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof. Get off a stop earlier,make a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walk the child to and from school, get a dog, feelyourse

19、lf moving in moving air, look, listen, absorb.Sit: Take a moment, every now and then, to be still in an open space. In the garden,anywhere thats not in the office, anywhere out of the house, away from the routine. Situnder a tree, look at water, feel refreshed, ever so slightly renewed.Drink: The be

20、st way to enjoy the natural world is by yourself; the second best way isin company. Take a drink outside with a good person, a good gathering: talk with the sunand the wind with birdsong for background.Learn: Expand your boundaries. Learn five species of birds, five butterflies, five trees,five bird

21、 songs. That way, you see and hear more: and your mind responds, gradually tothe greater amount of wildness in your life.Travel: The places you always wanted to visit: by the seaside, in the country, in thehills. Take a weekend break, a day-trip, get out there and do it; for the scenery, for the way

22、through the woods, for the birds, for the bees. Go somewhere special and bringspecialness home. It lasts forever, after all.1. What is the authors profound belief?A) People instinctively seek nature in different ways.B) People should spend most of their lives in the wild.C) People have quite differe

23、nt perceptions of nature.精選D) People must make more efforts to study nature.2. What does the author say people prefer for their children nowadays?A) People freedom.B) Things that are natural.C) Urban surroundings.D) Things that are purchased.3. What does a study in Sweden show?A) The natural environ

24、ment can help children learn better.B) More access to the nature makes children less likely to fall ill.C) A good playground helps kids develop their physical abilities.D) Natural views can prevent children from developing ADHD.4. Children who have chances to explore natural areas_.A) tend to develo

25、p a strong love for science.B) are more likely to fantasise about wildlife.C) tend to be physically tougher in adulthood.D) are less likely to be involved in bullying.5. What does the author suggest we do to help children with ADHD?A) Find more effective drugs for them.B) Provide more green spaces f

26、or them.C) Place them under more personal care.D) Engage them in more meaningful activities.6. In what way do elderly people benefit from their contact with nature?A) They look on life optimistically.B) They enjoy a life of better quality.C) They are able to live longer.D) They become good-humored.7

27、. Dr william Bird suggests in his study that_.A) humanity and nature are complementary to each other.B) wild places may induce impulsive behaviour in people.C) access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence.D) it takes a long time to restore nature once damaged.8. It is extremely harmful

28、to think that humanity and the natural world can be.9. The author believes that we would not be so civilised without_.10. The five suggestions the author gives at the end of the passage are meant toencourage people to seek _ with the natural world.Part 川 Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: I

29、n this section you will hear 8 short conversationas and 2 longeonversationa. At the end of each conversation one or more queastions will be askedabout what was said Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must

30、read the fourehoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which the best answer Thee mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throgh the centre.11. A) The man should visit the museums.B) She cant stand the hot weather.C) The beach resort is a good choice.D) She enjoys stayin

31、g in Washington.12. A) Her new responsibilities in the company.B) What her job prospects are.精選C) What the customers feedback is.D) The directors opinion of her work.13. A) Combine her training with dieting.B) Repeat the training every three days.C) Avoid excessive physical training.D) Include weigh

32、tlifting in the program.14. A) When she will return home.B) Whether she can go by herself.C) Whether she can travel by air.D) When she will completely recover.15. A) The woman knows how- to deal with the police.B) The woman had been fined many times before.C) The woman had violated traffic regulatio

33、ns.D) The woman is good at finding excused.16. A) Switch offthe refrigerator for a while.B) Have someone repair the refrigerator.C) Ask the man to fix the refrigerator.D) Buy a refrigerator of better quality.17. A) He owns a piece of land in the downtown area.B) He has got enough money to buy a hous

34、e.C) He can finally do what he has dreamed of.D) He is moving into a bigger apartment.18. A) She is black and blue all over.B) She has to go to see a doctor.C) She stayed away from work for a few days.D) She got hurt in an accident yesterday.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have

35、just heard.19. A) She was a bank manager.B) She was a victim of the robbery.C) She was a defence lawyer.D) She was a witness to the crime.20. A) A tall man with dark hair and a moustache.B) A youth with a distinguishing mark on his face.C) A thirty-year-old guy wearing a light seater.D) A medium-siz

36、ed young man carring a gun.21. A) Identify the suspect from pictures.B) Go upstairs to sign some document.C) Have her photo taken for her files.D) Verify the record of what she had said.Questions 22 to 25 are based on hte conversation you have just heard.22. A) By reading a newspaper ad.B) By seeing

37、 a commercial on TV.C) By listening to the morning news.D) By calling an employment service.23. A) She could improve her foreign languages.B) She could work close to her family. C) She could travel overseas frequently.D) She could use her previous experiences.24. A) Taking management courses.B) Teac

38、hing English at a university.C) Working as a secretary.D) Studying for a degree in French.25. A) Prepare for an interview in a couple of days.B) Read the advertisement again for more details.C) Send in a written application as soon as possible.精選D) Get to know the candidates on the short list.Sectio

39、n BDirections: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarkedA), B), C) and D). Then mark the c

40、orresonding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centrePassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard.26. A) They cannot see the firefighters because of the smoke.B) The do not realize the danger they are in.C) They cannot hear the firefighters for

41、the noise.D) They mistake the firefighters for monsters.27. A) He travels all over America to help put out fires.B) He often teaches children what to do during a fire.C) He teaches Spanish in a Sat Francisco community.D) He provides oxygen masks to children free of charge.28. A) He saved the life of

42、 his brother choking on food.B) He rescued a student from a big fire.C) He is very good at public speaking.D) He gives informative talks to young children.29. A) Firefighters play an important role in America.B) Kids should learn not to be afraid of monsters.C) Carelessness can result in tragedies.D

43、) Informative speeches can save lives.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) To satisfy the needs of their family.B) To fully realize their potential.C) To make money for early retirement.D) To gain a sense of their personal worth.31. A) They may have to co

44、ntinue to work in old age.B) They may regret the time they wasted.C) The may have nobody to depend on in the future.D) They may have fewer job opportunities.32. A) Making wise use of your time.B) Enjoying yourself while you can.C) Saving as much as you can.D) Working hard and playing hard.Passage Th

45、reeQuestions 33 to 35 based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) Hardworking students being accused of cheating.B) Boy students being often treated as law-breaking.C) Innocent people being suspected groundlessly.D) Junior employees being made to work overtime.34. A) Forbiddi ng stude nts to tak

46、e food out of the restaura nt.B) Requesti ng customers to pay before tak ing the food.C) Ask ing customers to leave their bags on the coun ters.D) Allowing only two students to enter at a time.35. A) He was take n to the man ager.精選B) He was closely watched.C) He was asked to leave.D) He was overcha

47、rged.Section CDirect ions: In this sect ion, you will hear a passage three times. Whe n the passageis read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passageis read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43with the exact wo

48、rds you have just heard For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you arerequired to fill in the missing information. For these blanks; you can either use the exactwords you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words Fin all whe nthe passage is read for the third time, you should check

49、what you have writte n.Writ ing keeps us in touch with other people. We write to com muni cate with relativesand friends. We write to (36) our family histories so our children and gran dchildre n canlear n and (37) theiheritrage (傳統(tǒng)).With computers and In ternet conn ecti ons in so many(38) , colleg

50、es, and bus in esses, people are e-maili ng frie nds and relatives all thetime-or talking to them in writing in on line (39) rooms. It is cheaper tha n call ing longdista nee, and a lot more (40) tha n wait ing un til Sun day for the teleph on e (41) to drop.Stude nts are e-maili ng their professors

51、 to (42) and discuss their classroom assig nmentsan dto (43) them. They are e-maili ng classmates to discuss an dcollaborate (合作)onhomework. (44)Despite the grow ing importa nee of computer, however, there will always be a placeand n eed for the pers onal letter. (45) . No matter what the content of

52、 the message, itsreal point is, I want you to know that I care about you. (46) . but only in the success ofhuma n relati on ships.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required toselect one word for each bla

53、nk from a list of choices give n in a word bank followi ng thepassage. Read the passage through carefully before maki ng your choices. Each chowein the bank is identified by a letten Please mark the corresponding letter for each item onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre, You may no

54、t use any of the words inthe bank more tha n onceQuestions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.What determ ines the kind of pers on you are? What factors make you more or lessbold, in tellige nt, or able to read a map? All of these are in flue need by the in teractio n ofyour genes and the e

55、n vir onment in which you were (47) . The study of how genes and envir onment in teract to in flue nee (48) activity is known as behavioral gen etics. Behavioralgen etics has made important (49) to the biological revoluti on, provid ing in formatio nabout the exte nt to which biology in flue nces mi

56、nd, brain and behavior.Any research that suggests that (50) to perform certa in behaviors are based inbiology is con troversial. Who wan ts to be told that there are limitati ons to what you can(51) based on someth ing that is bey ond your con trol, such as your gen es? Its is easy toaccept that gen

57、es con trol physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. Butcan genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how (52) they are, or whatcareer they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scie ntists is the (53) to whichall of these characteristics are in flue need by

58、n ature an nurture (養(yǎng) 育),by geneticmakeup and the environment. Increasingly, scienee (54) that genes lay the groun dworkfor many huma n traits. From this perspective, people are born (55) like un developedphotographs: The image is already captured, but the way it (56) appears can vary based精選on the

59、developme nt process. However, the basic picture is there from the begi nning.A) abilitiesI) exte ntB) achieveJ) in dicatesC) appealK) proceedsD) compla intsL) psychologicalE) con tributi onsM) raisedz) displayedN) smartG)esse ntiallyO) sta ndardH) eve ntuallySecti on BDirections: There are 2 passag

60、es. in this sect ion. Each passage is followed by somequesti ons or unfini shed stateme nts. For each of them there are four choices markedA),B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuesti