2019全國高考英語(卷1卷2及卷3)完形填空及答案詳解

1、2019全國卷1完形填空及答案詳解Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 41 with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers（ 冰川）are disappearing, changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro.natureHearing these stories, I44' m about

2、the place other destinations are described as“ purerexperiences.However, I soon 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of rubbish. I find a 47 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are48 but the efforts made by the T

3、anzania National Park Authority seem to be 49.The best of a Kilimanjaro 50, in my opinion, i sn ' t reaching the top. Mountains are 51 asspiritual places by many cultures. This 52 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 53 go through five ecosystems（生態(tài)系統(tǒng) ）in the space of a few kilometers. At the

4、 base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 54 lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather 55 low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I 56 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland 57: gravel（礫石）,stones an

5、d rocks. 58 you climb into an arctic-likezone with 59 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining theatmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.41. A. keepB. mixC. connectD. bring42. A. storiesB. buil

6、dingsC. crowdsD. reporters43. A. positionB. ageC. faceD. name44. A. silentB. skepticalC. seriousD. crazy45. A. discoverB. argueC. decideD. advocate46. A. equipmentB. grassC. campsD. stones47. A. remoteB. quietC. tallD. clean48. A. newB. specialC. significantD. necessary49. A. paying offB. spreading

7、outC. blowing upD. fading away50. A. atmosphereB. experienceC. experimentD. sight51. A. studiedB. observedC. exploredD. regarded52. A. viewB. qualityC. reasonD. purpose53. A. scientistsB. climbersC. localsD. officials54. A. holding on toB. going back toC. living up toD. giving way to55. A. changesB.

8、 clearsC. improvesD. permits56. A. matchB. imagineC. countD. add57. A. villageB. desertC. roadD. lake58. A. ObviouslyB. EasilyC. ConsequentlyD. Finally59. A. permanentB. littleC. freshD. artificial60. A. enjoyB. deserveC. saveD. acquire【答案】41. D 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. B5

9、1. D52. A 53. B 54. D55. A 56. C 57. B58. D59. A 60. B【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。每年有4萬登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力馬扎羅山，他們帶來了垃圾，破壞了這里的環(huán)境。再加上冰川的消失，改變著它的地貌。對此作者對這個地方很是懷疑，想一探究竟。當他來到這里，他發(fā)現(xiàn)當?shù)丨h(huán)保措施很到位，同時作者發(fā)現(xiàn)乞力馬扎羅山有多種生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。作者認為乞力馬扎羅山不應(yīng)該被譽為一座擠滿了破壞寧靜氛圍的游客的擁擠的山峰?！?1題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A. keep保持；B. mix混合；C. connect聯(lián)系；D. bring帶來。句意：他們帶來了很多的垃圾。由“l(fā)ots

10、of waste可知，登山者帶來了很多的垃圾。故D選項切題?！?2題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. stories故事；B. buildings建筑物；C. crowds人群；D. reporters記者。句意：人群可能會破壞這個地方的美。由“ 40,000可知，這是一個龐大的群體。故”C 選項切題?！?43 題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. position 位置； B. age 年齡； C. face 外貌，表面；D. name 名字。句意：冰川正在消失，改變著乞力馬扎羅山的地貌。冰川是乞力馬扎羅山的地貌之一，所以冰山融化會改變它的地貌。故 C 選項切題?！?44 題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A. sil

11、ent 沉默的；B. skepetical 懷疑的；C. serious 嚴肅的；D. crazy 瘋狂的。句意：聽到這些故事，我對這個地方產(chǎn)生了懷疑 其他旅游地被描述為“更純粹”的自然體驗。由下文可知，作者親自來到了乞力馬扎羅山，作者想解開這個懷疑。故B 選項切題?！?5題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A. discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. argue爭論；C. decide決定；D. advocate提倡。句意：然而，我很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，自從那些令人不安的關(guān)于營地周圍有成噸的垃圾的報道出現(xiàn)以來，情況發(fā)生了很大的變化。由"much has change時知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了很大的變化。故 A選項切題?！?6題詳

12、解】考查名詞辨析。A. equipment裝備；B. grass草；C. camps營地；D. stone石頭。句意：我很快發(fā)現(xiàn)， 自從那些令人不安的關(guān)于營地周圍有成噸的垃圾的報道出現(xiàn)以來，情況發(fā)生了很大的變化。由下文 “ atcamps”可知，本句屬于原詞再現(xiàn)。故C選項切題?！?47 題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A. remote 遙遠的；B. quiet 安靜的；C. tall 高的； D. clean 干凈的。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一座干凈的山，營地里和路邊都有廁所。由“ with tolilet at camps and along the paths 可知，營地里 ”和路邊都有廁所，所以這是一座

13、干凈的山。故D 選項切題。【48題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A. new新的；B. special特殊的；C. significant重大的；D. necessary必要的。句意：環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)是巨大的，但坦桑尼亞國家公園管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回報。根據(jù)前文可知，很多的登山者來到乞力馬扎羅山以及冰川可能會消失，這對于環(huán)境來說是一個巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。故C 選項切題?！?49 題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A. paying off 還清，報償；B. spreading out 伸展； C. blowing up 爆炸； D.fading away 逐漸消退。句意：環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)是巨大的，但坦桑尼亞國家公園管理局所做

14、的努力似乎正在得到回報。由“bu向知，前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明坦桑尼亞國家公園管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回報。故A選項切題?！?50 題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. atmosphere 氛圍； B. experience 經(jīng)歷； C. experiment 實驗； D. sight 視力。句意：在我看來，來乞力馬扎羅最好的經(jīng)歷并不是到達頂峰。登山就是人生的一種經(jīng)歷。故B 選項切題?！?51 題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A. studied 學習； B. observed 觀察； C. explored 探索； D. regarded 認為。句意：山被許多文化視為精神場所。由"spiritua

15、l space可知；山被許多文化視為精神場所。be regarded a鍛視為。故 D 選項切題?！?52 題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. view 景色； B. quality 質(zhì)量； C. reason 原因； D. purpose 目的。句意：在乞力馬扎羅，當?shù)巧秸咴趲坠锏目臻g里穿越五個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)時，景色差異尤為明顯。有五個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，所以景色也是明顯的不同。故A 選項切題?！?53 題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A. scientists 科學家；B. climbers 登山者；C. locals 當?shù)厝耍籇. officials 官員。句意：在乞力馬扎羅，當?shù)巧秸咴趲坠锏目臻g里穿越五個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)時

16、，景色尤為明顯。故A 選項切題。來到乞力馬扎羅都是為了登山，也只有登山者能體驗到五個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故B 選項切題?！?54 題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A. holding on to 抓??； B. going back to 回到（原來的話題）； C. living up to達到，履行；D. giving way to向讓步。句意：熱帶雨林在海拔3000米處突然到了盡頭，讓位于大片的低矮植物。這里指熱帶雨林在海拔3000 米處突然到了盡頭，所以海拔3000 米以上就是大片的低矮植物。故 D 選項切題?！?55 題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A. changes 改變； B. clears 放晴； C.

17、improves 提高； D. permits 允許。句意：“l(fā)owclouds '可知，海拔變了，天氣也是不再往上走，天氣變了 一一低云籠罩著被厚厚的草覆蓋的山腰。由 同的，是變化的。故 A選項切題?！?6題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A. match匹配；B. imagine想象；C. count數(shù)；D. add增加。句意：我從站的地方數(shù)出了十二種綠色。由"tweke shades of green可知，作者數(shù)出了十二種綠色。故 C選項切題。【57題詳解】考查名詞辨析。 A. village村莊；B. desert沙漠，荒地；C. road馬路；D. lake湖。句意：海拔 40

18、00米以上是高山荒漠： 礫石、石頭和巖石。由"grave, stones and rocks1知，海'拔4000米以上是高山荒漠。 故B選項切題?！?8題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A. Obviously明顯地；B. Easily容易地；C. Consequently結(jié)果；D. Finally最后地。句意：海拔 4000米以上是高地荒漠：礫石、石頭和巖石。生態(tài)系統(tǒng)最頂端也是最后一個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是冰 川地區(qū)。故D選項切題?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A. permanent永久的；B. little小的；C. fresh新鮮的；D. artificial人造的。句意：很明顯，你爬進了一

19、個類似北極的地帶，那里有著永久性的積雪和可能很快消失的冰川。由“arctidikezone句*知，這是一個類似北極的地帶，所以有永久性的積雪。故 A選項切題?！?0題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A. enjoy享受；B. deserve值得；C. save挽救；D. acquire獲得。句意：乞力馬扎羅山是一座擁擠的山，擠滿了成群的游客，破壞了寧靜的氣氛，它值得這樣的名聲嗎？這里作者在質(zhì)疑 乞力馬扎羅山是不是應(yīng)該被譽為一座擠滿了破壞寧靜氛圍的游客的擁擠的山峰，以此在對后面的回答做好 鋪墊。故B選項切題。2019全國卷2完形填空及答案詳解It ' s about 250 miles from t

20、he hills of wesentral Iowa to Ehlers ' home in Minnesota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers 41 about the small dog he had seen 42 alongside the road. He had 43 to coax（哄）the dog to him but, frightened, it had 44.Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that 45 dog. So, f

21、our days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove 46. After a long and careful 47, Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving 48 away. Ehlerseventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49. It just startedlicking（舔）Ehlers ' face.A local farm

22、er told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper. The ad had a51 number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers 52 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them hehad 53 their dog.Jeff had54in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off.Jeff s

23、earched55 for Rosie in the next four days.Ehlers returned to Minnesota, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. good to know there ' s still someone out there who56 enough to go to that kind of 57, “ says Lisaof Ehlers '磔 口 58.“I figured whoever lost the

24、 dog was probably just as 59 to it as I am to my dogs,“ says Ehlers. "Ifbeen my dog, I ' d hope that somebody woul be 60to go that extra mile.”41. A. readB. forgotC. thoughtD. heard42. A. fightingB. tremblingC. eatingD. sleeping43. A. triedB. agreedC. promisedD. regretted44. A. calmed downB

25、. stood upC. rolled overD. run off45. A. injuredB. stolenC. lostD. rescued46. A. homeB. pastC. backD. on47. A. preparationB. explanationC. testD. search48. A. cautiouslyB. casuallyC. skillfullyD. angrily49. A. surpriseB. joyC.hesitation50. A. predictedB. advertisedC.believed51. A. houseB. phoneC.str

26、eet52. A. calledB. copiedC.counted53. A. fedB. adoptedC.found54. A. huntedB. skiedC.lived55. A. on purposeB. on timeC.in turn56. A. caresB. seesC.suffers57. A. placeB. troubleC.waste58. A. serviceB. planC.effort59. A. equalB. allergicC. grateful60. A. suitableB. proudC.wise【答案】41. C42. B43. A 44. D4

27、5. C46. C 47. D51. B52. A 53. C54. A55. D56. A 57. BD. anxietyD. recordedD. carD. rememberedD. curedD. workedD. in vainD. learnsD. extremeD. teamD. closeD. willing48. A49. B50. B58. C59. D60. D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Ehlers 在打獵時在路邊發(fā)現(xiàn)一只走失的小狗，他想哄它到自己身邊來，但未能成功?；丶液?，Ehlers 還是很擔心這只狗，四天后他和朋友一起出去找到這只狗，并最終幫它找到了 主人。

28、【 41 題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. read 閱讀； B. forgot 忘記； C. thought 想，思考；D. heard 聽到。根據(jù)下文 Ehlers 和朋友一起去找那只狗可知，此處是指Ehlers 一直在想關(guān)于那只狗的事，故選C?！?42 題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. fighting 戰(zhàn)斗； B. trembling 發(fā)抖； C. eating 吃； D. sleeping 睡覺。根據(jù)下文作者去哄小狗可知，這只狗是在路邊發(fā)抖，故選B ?！?43 題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. tried 嘗試，努力。； B. agreed 同意； C. promised 承諾； D. r

29、egretted 后悔，遺憾。根據(jù)下文可知，他在盡力哄那只狗，try to do sth 盡力做某事。故選A。【44題詳解】考查動t短語辨析。A. calmed down冷靜下來；B. stood up站起來；C. rolled over翻滾；D. runoff 跑開。他在盡力哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此處是指那只狗被嚇跑了。故選D。【45題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. injured受傷的；B. stolen偷走的；C. lost丟失的；D. rescued獲救的。根據(jù)下文可知，這只狗是別人丟失的，因此此處用lost “丟失” 。故選 C?！?6題詳解】考查副t詞義辨析。A. home家

30、；B. past過去的，從前的；C. back向后，回原處；D. on作用中，行動中。句意：因此，四天后，Ehlers 給他的朋友Greg 打電話，他們倆又驅(qū)車返回。根據(jù)上文可知，此處是指他們又返回到之前見到那只走失的狗的地方，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查名t詞義辨析。A. preparation預(yù)備；準備；B. explanation解釋；C. test測試；D. search尋找。根據(jù)下文Greg 在越過田野的地方看到了那只小狗可知，此處是指他們在仔細尋找小狗，故選D ?！?48 題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A. cautiously 慎重地，謹慎地；B. casually 隨便地；偶然地；C

31、. skillfully巧妙地；精巧地；D. angrily 生氣地。根據(jù)文中提到的frightened, nervousness, fear 等詞并結(jié)合上文，并根據(jù)下文 Ehlers 最終成功安撫了它可知，小狗非常的謹慎小心。故選A?！?49 題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. surprise 驚奇； B. joy 開心，快樂；C. hesitation 猶豫； D. anxiety 焦慮。根據(jù)下文小狗開始舔 Ehlers的臉可知，它不再害怕，而是很開心，故選 B?！?50 題詳解】 考查動詞詞義辨析。A. predicted 預(yù)言， 預(yù)知； B. advertised 做廣告； C. bel

32、ieved 相信； D. recorded記錄。句意：當?shù)氐囊粋€農(nóng)民告訴他們，這聽起來像是當?shù)貓蠹埳峡堑哪侵粊G失的狗。根據(jù)本句的in thelocal paper 及語境可知，此處是指在報紙上刊登的。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. house房屋；B. phone電話；C. street街道；D. car汽車。根據(jù)下文Ehlers給狗的主人打電話可知，此處是指廣告上有電話號碼，故選B ?！?52 題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. called 打電話；B. copied 復(fù)制，復(fù)??；C. counted 計算； D. remembered記得。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處是指Ehle

33、rs給Jeff和Lisa （狗的主人）打了電話，故選 A?！?53 題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. fed 喂養(yǎng)； B. adopted 收養(yǎng)； C. found 找到； D. cured 治愈。 根據(jù)上下文語境可知，Ehlers給他們打電話是要告知他找到了他們的狗，故選C?！?54 題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. hunted 打獵； B. skied 飛漲； C. lived 生活； D. worked 工作。根據(jù)下文狗聽到槍聲嚇跑了可知，此處是指Jeff帶著狗在打獵，故選 Ao【 55 題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。A. on purpose 有目的地，故意地；B. on time 準時；

34、C. in turn 反過來；轉(zhuǎn)而；D. in vain徒勞。根據(jù)上文 Ehlers找到的Jeff的狗可知，Jeff在狗丟失后沒有找到他的狗，故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動t詞義辨析。A. cares關(guān)心；B. sees看到；C. sufers遭受；D. learns獲知。句意：很高興知道還有那么一個人，他足夠關(guān)心你，會去做這樣麻煩的事。根據(jù)上文可知，此處是指Ehlers 對狗足夠關(guān)心，故選A?！?57 題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A. place 地方； B. trouble 麻煩； C. waste 浪費； D. extreme 極端。根據(jù)上文 Ehlers 開車把那只小狗Rosie 送到 1

35、00英里遠的機場，把它航空托運到密歇根可知，這是件很麻煩的事情，故選 B ?！?8題詳解】考查名t詞義辨析。A. service服務(wù)；B. plan計劃；C. effort努力；D. team團隊。根據(jù)上文可知，此處是指Lisa在評論Ehlers幫助他們找回狗付出的努力，故選 C?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. equal相等的；B. allergic對過敏的；C. grateful感謝的；D. close緊密的； 親密的； 親近的。 句意： 我想無論是誰丟了狗，可能就像我親近我的狗一樣親近它。根據(jù)下文Ehlers說的話可知，此處是指他對待那只狗就像對自己的狗一樣。故選D。樂意的。句意

36、：我希望有人愿意付出更多的努力。根據(jù)上文語境可知，此處是表達他希望面對這樣的事情,大家能愿意去付出更多努力去幫忙，be willing to do樂意做某事。故選 D。2019全國卷3完形填空及答案詳解The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- 41 six months out of the year.“Of course, we 42 it when the

37、 sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town' s tou“We see the sky is 43, but down in the valley it is darkerke on a 44 day.”But that 45 when a system of high-tech 46 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks（山峰）into the valley below. Wednesday, residents（居民）of Rj

38、ukan47their very first ray of wintersunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to48. The mirrors are controlled by acomputer that 49 them to turn along with the sun throughout the 50 and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam（束）of light onto the t

39、own' s c51tral , creating an area ofsunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light 52, Rjukan residents gathered together.“People have been 53 there and standing there and taking 54 of each other, " Ro says. " The town square was totally 55. I think almost all the people in the tow

40、n were there." The 3,500 residall 56 the sunshine at the same time. 57, the new light feels like more than enough for the town_58_ residents."It ' s not very_59_, “ she says,“but it is enough when we 毋0_ .41. A. onlyB. obviouslyC. nearlyD. precisely42. A. fearB. believeC. hearD. notice

41、43. A. emptyB. blueC. highD. wide44. A. cloudyB. normalC. differentD. warm45. A. helpedB.changedC.happenedD. mattered46. A. computersB. telescopesC. mirrorsD. cameras47. A. rememberedB. forecastedC. receivedD. imagined48. A. repairB. riskC. restD. use49. A. forbidsB. directsC. predictsD. follows50.

42、A. dayB. nightC. monthD. year51. A. libraryB. hallC.squareD. street52. A. appearedB. returnedC. fadedD. stopped53. A. drivingB. hidingC. campingD. sitting54. A. picturesB. notesC. careD. hold55. A. newB. fullC. flatD. silent56. A. blockB. avoidC. enjoyD. store57. A. InsteadB. HoweverC. GraduallyD. S

43、imilarly58. A. nature-lovingB. energy-savingC. weather-beatenD. sun-starved59. A. bigB. clearC. coldD. easy60. A. trying【答案】B. waitingC. watchingD. sharing41. C 42. D43. B44. A 45. B46. C 47. C 48. D49. B50. A51. C 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. B 56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. D【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述北歐一個小鎮(zhèn)長達半年沒有陽光照射，

44、為此當?shù)卣诟浇纳巾敯惭b了一 套鏡子設(shè)備把陽光反射到小鎮(zhèn)的廣場，讓民眾享受到自然的陽光。41題詳解】考查副，可同義辨析。A. only僅僅；B. obviously顯然地；C. nearly幾乎；D. precisely準確的。根據(jù)前文from late September to mid-March可知，從九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故選 C?！?2題詳解】考查動，詞義辨析。A. fear害怕；B. believe相信；C. hear聽見；D. notice注意。根據(jù)后文We see the sky is 43_, but down in the valley it可矢由dOrke看到天

45、空是藍色的，但是到山谷的時候，就會變得更暗了，故可知太陽照耀的時候，我們觀察得到，故選 D?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. empty空的；B. blue藍色的；C. high高的；D. wide寬的。根據(jù)常識可知，有太陽的時候，天空是藍色的，故選 Bo【44題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A. cloudy多云 ；B. normal正常的；C. different不同白D. warm溫暖的。根據(jù)前文 down in the valley it ' s darker到山谷的時候，天變暗了，像陰天一樣，故選 A。【45題詳解】考查動t詞義辨析。A. helped幫助；B. chang

46、ed改變；C. happened發(fā)生；D. mattered關(guān)系重大。根據(jù)后文可知，該鎮(zhèn)引入一套陽光反射鏡來改變這種情況，故選 Bo【46題詳解】考查名t詞義辨析。A. computers電腦；B. telescopes望遠鏡；C. mirrors鏡子；D. cameras相機。根據(jù)后文to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks可知，從附近的山頂上反射太陽光，故推知為一枚鏡 子，故選Co【47題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A. remembered記得;B. forecasted預(yù)報;C. received獲得，收到；D. imagined想象。根據(jù)句意可知，該鎮(zhèn)的居民獲得了冬天里的第一縷陽光，故選 Co【48題詳解】考查名t詞義辨析。 A. repair修理；B. r