全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)2Unit1詞匯、短語(yǔ)、語(yǔ)言難點(diǎn)

1、WORD重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)和難句I核心詞匯1. attach用法：v.（1）附上，系上，貼上：He will attach labels to the luggage.他將把標(biāo)簽貼在行上。（2）參加，加入：The daughter of millionaire attach herself to an expedition team and later lost her life in a snowstorm near the North Pole.百萬(wàn)富翁的女兒加入了探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)，后來(lái)在北極附近的一次風(fēng)暴中遇難身亡。He made a model of an aeroplane.他做了一個(gè)飛機(jī)（3）愛(ài)

2、慕，依戀：She was strongly attach to her home. 她非常戀家?？键c(diǎn)：attach sth. To sth. 將系在，貼在上attach oneself to 參加，加入be attached to 依戀，愛(ài)慕典型考題：He _his horse to a tree.A. attach B. related C. combined D. placed答案為A。譯文：他將馬拴在樹上。attach 系，拴； relate 把和連接在一起，通常與with連用； combine 結(jié)合； place 放置。 記憶法：attachable 可附上的，可拘留的 ;attach

3、ment 附上，貼上，參加，愛(ài)慕引申：（同）adhere, cling, stick 辨析：attach, adhere, cling, stick 都有“ 粘貼 ”的含義attach 系上，貼上，常用于結(jié)構(gòu) attach sth. to sth.中，主語(yǔ)為人，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作：They attach great importance to the friendship between the two countries. 他們重視兩國(guó)的友誼。adhere 指使粘附，（使）附著 作vi時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為附著物，強(qiáng)調(diào)一物附著另一物表面上的狀態(tài)，常后接介詞 to引出被附著物： If you decided on

4、a play to win the game, you should adhere to it. 如果你贏球的計(jì)劃有了定案，就該依計(jì)劃行事。作Vt時(shí)， 可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： The surface of the building is being adhered many dirty things. 這幢摟的表面附著很多臟東西。cling 指緊貼，附著 主語(yǔ)為附著物，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)，后接介詞 to引出被附著物： Little children always cling to their mothers. 小孩總是緊依著母親。stick 指（使）原本分離的物體緊密體“粘貼”在一起，常后接介詞 to或 on

5、 ： The paper has stuck on my hand. 紙粘在我手上。2. tender用法：a.(1) 年幼的，嫩的：a tender steak 嫩牛排（2）溫柔的，親切的：There is a tender expression on her face. 她臉上帶著溫柔的表情。 Vt. （正式）提出：He tendered a letter of resignation. 他正式提交了辭職信。 vi. （與for連用） 投標(biāo)： Many companies tenderedfor the construction of the new motorway. 很多家公司投標(biāo)承建

6、這條新的高速公路。考點(diǎn)： at a tended age：年幼而未成熟的Tender sth. to sb：向某人正式提供或提出某事Public tender：公開招標(biāo)典型考題：She cooked the meat for a long time so as to make it _ enough to eat.A. mild B. slight C. light D. tender 答案為D。譯文：她把肉燉了好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以便吃起來(lái)更嫩。mild溫和的；slight稍微；light輕的；tender嫩的。記憶法：tenderlyad. 溫和地，體貼地；tenderness n.嫩的，柔和 引申：

7、（同）gentle mild3initial用法： a. 開始的，最初的：They are still at the initial stage of learning English. 他們還處在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的初級(jí)階段。n.（等的）首字母：Steven Janes initials are S.L. Steven lane這個(gè)名字的首字母是S.L考點(diǎn)： （1）initial 只能作定語(yǔ)，不能作表語(yǔ)。（2）initial letter首字母；initial reaction 最初反應(yīng)典型考題：Encouraged by what you said, I decided to take the _

8、step toward my ideal.A. last B. special C. primary D. initial答案為D。譯文：你的話鼓勵(lì)了我，我決定向理想邁出第一步。last最后的；special 特殊的；primary基本的，初級(jí)的；initial開始的。記憶法：initially最初，開頭；initiate開始（某事），發(fā)起；initiative首創(chuàng)精神；initiation開始著手。 4.assist用法：v. 幫助，協(xié)助: Two men are assisting the police in their enquries . 有兩個(gè)人正在協(xié)助警方進(jìn)行詢問(wèn)。. n. 幫助，

9、協(xié)助：They gave me an assist in finishing the task. 他們幫助我完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)?？键c(diǎn)：assist sb. in/ with sth.; assist sb. in doing sth. 幫助某人做某事 assist at/in 在某場(chǎng)合出席，參加某事物典型考題：The college student decided to _ the boy with his study.A. realize B. assist C. support D.decide答案為B。譯文：這個(gè)大學(xué)生決定在學(xué)習(xí)上幫助這個(gè)男孩。realize 實(shí)現(xiàn)； assist 幫助；sup

10、port 支持；decide 決定。記憶法： assistance n. 幫助； assistant n. 助手； consist vt.包括； resist vt.抵抗； insist vt. 堅(jiān)持。引申:（同） aid, help 辨析： aid, help, assist 三個(gè)詞都可做動(dòng)詞或名詞，意思都指幫助，但使用場(chǎng)合不同。 aid 援助，尤指用金錢援助： It is the duty of rich nations to aid the poor ones. 援助貧困的國(guó)家是富國(guó)的義務(wù)。help 側(cè)重表示借助于別人的幫助：The life guard helped the exhau

11、sted swimmer. 救生員救助了這個(gè)筋疲力盡的游泳者。assist 協(xié)助，指別人在陷入麻煩時(shí)給予幫助： She employed a woman to assist her with the housework.她雇了一名婦女幫她料理家務(wù)。5. neglect 用法： vt. (1) 忽視，忽略： he neglected his health. 他忽略了自己的健康。 （2）疏忽，玩忽： Dont neglect your duties. 不要玩忽職守。 n. 疏忽，玩忽：In course of time old customs and observances tend to fal

12、l into neglect. 隨著時(shí)間的推移，舊風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣有被忽略的趨勢(shì)。考點(diǎn)： neglect to do sth. 忘記做某事； neglect ones meals and sleep 廢寢忘食； treat sb. with neglect 怠慢某人 典型考題：The general manager was accused of _ his duties.A. abandoning B. forgetting C. neglecting D. discarding答案為C. 譯文：總經(jīng)理被指控犯有玩忽職守罪。abandoning拋棄,離棄；forgetting 忘記，遺忘；discar

13、ding 把扔掉；neglecting 玩忽職守記憶法：neglectful疏忽，粗心大意；neglectable 可忽略不計(jì)的，微不足道的引申：（同）disregard , ignore, overlook, slight辨析：ignore, neglect, overlook, slight 都有 “忽視，不理”的意思。ignore指故意不理或假裝看不見(jiàn)：When I saw Jane, I stopped and smiled, but she ignored me and walked on. 當(dāng)我看到簡(jiǎn)時(shí)，我停下并朝他笑，但她沒(méi)理我繼續(xù)走她的路。 neglect指由于重視不夠等原因而

14、忽視了： He works so hard that he sometimes neglects his sleep and meals. 他工作很努力以至于有時(shí)廢寢忘食。overlook 指由于粗心，放任而沒(méi)看出或采取行動(dòng)：He overlooked my errors. 他忽視了我的錯(cuò)誤。slight強(qiáng)調(diào)輕蔑，怠慢：He seems to slight the news writer. 他好像是怠慢了這個(gè)新聞撰稿人。6relevant用法：a.有關(guān)的，切題的：The point is highly relevant to the discussion. 那一點(diǎn)我和這次討論的容密切相關(guān)?？键c(diǎn)

15、：relevant to sth./sb. 與有關(guān)的，切題的典型考題：The professor has given the students a list of articles _ to the topic under discussion.A. relevant B.evident C .sufficient D. different 答案為A。譯文：教授已經(jīng)給了學(xué)生們與討論主題相關(guān)的文章。relevant相關(guān)的，與to 搭配；evident明顯的；sufficient充足的；different不同的。記憶法：relevant 相關(guān)；irrelevant不相關(guān)的；irrelevance無(wú)

16、關(guān)；引申：（同）related, relative, （反）irrelevant辨析：related, relative, relevant 都有“相關(guān)的”的意思 related指有相互關(guān)系的，與有關(guān)聯(lián)的，常與to連用：She is related to the royal family.她與王室有親戚關(guān)系。relative 指相關(guān)的，表關(guān)系的：After his troubles, hes now living in relative comfort. 困境過(guò)后，他現(xiàn)在過(guò)得比較舒服了。 relevant指相關(guān)的，表示與手頭的事情或目前的狀況有直接關(guān)系，尤指邏輯上有關(guān)系：The scienti

17、st corresponds with colleagues in order to learn about matters relevant to her own research. 那個(gè)科學(xué)家和同事們相互通信以了解和她自己的研究有關(guān)的事。7investigate用法：v. 調(diào)查，探究： The police are investigating the murder at the moment. 警察此刻正在調(diào)查這起謀殺案?？键c(diǎn)：investigate (into) an affaire 調(diào)查一件事典型考題：Sherlock Holmes _ many cases by following

18、the footprints left at the scene of the crime.A. inspect B. check C.investigate D. examine 答案為C。譯文：福爾摩斯通過(guò)罪犯現(xiàn)場(chǎng)留下的腳印調(diào)查過(guò)許多案件。inspect檢查，視察；check核對(duì)，查證；investigate調(diào)查；examine審查。記憶法：investigation n. 調(diào)查引申：（同）inspect, check, examine辨析：inspect, check, examine, investigate都有“檢查，調(diào)查”的意思。inspect 指檢查，視察，強(qiáng)調(diào)官方行為和詳查，重

19、在監(jiān)督：The school was once inspected by the king.國(guó)王曾視察過(guò)這所學(xué)校。check指檢查，核對(duì)，查證，側(cè)重核對(duì)：listen again and check your answers.再聽一遍，然后檢查答案。 examine 指檢查，審查，帶有嚴(yán)肅和正規(guī)的意味：The quality of the Tv sets has been examined strictly before leaving the factory. 電視機(jī)在出廠前都進(jìn)行了嚴(yán)格的質(zhì)量檢查。 investigate指調(diào)查，指全面地探索和有組織的檢查： The cause of the

20、 fire is being investigated.這次起火的原因正在調(diào)查之中。8. accomplish用法：vt.完成某事：You should accomplish the task within the allotted time.你們必須在規(guī)定的時(shí)間完成任務(wù)?？键c(diǎn)：accomplish ones aim 達(dá)到目標(biāo)； accomplish ones mission 完成使命 ；an accomplished fact既成事實(shí)典型考題：If you work hard, I think you can _ your goal by getting the first-class sc

21、holarship by the end of the term.A.arrive B.maintain C.try D.accomplish答案為D. 譯文：如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，我認(rèn)為期末你能實(shí)現(xiàn)拿一等獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的目標(biāo)。arrive 到達(dá); maintain 支持，維持; try 嘗試;accomplish 達(dá)到記憶法：accomplishment n. 完成； accomplished 有技巧的 引申：（同）achieve, fulfill, complete, finish辨析：accomplish, complete, finish都有“完成”的意思accomplish 完成，通常接task,

22、 aim, journey, voyage等名詞，有時(shí)兼有達(dá)成（效果）之意 ： The explorers accomplished the voyage in five weeks。探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)在五周完成了航程。complete 完成，比 accomplish 具體，可接建筑、工程、書籍等名詞，主要涵義是補(bǔ)足缺少的部分：The building will be completed by the end of this month.這座摟于本月底建成。finish在很多情況下可與complete 換用，但不與 complete正式；I have finished the book.我已讀完了這本書。

23、 9.critical用法：a.（1）緊要的，關(guān)鍵的：We are at a critical time in ourhistory. 我們處于歷史上的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期。 critical condition 危險(xiǎn)狀態(tài)，臨界狀態(tài)（2）批判的，批評(píng)性的：critical spirit 批評(píng)精神；critical writings on art關(guān)于藝術(shù)的評(píng)論性文章。（3）挑剔的，非難的：She looks on everything with a critical eyes.她以吹毛求疵的眼光去看每一樣事物?？键c(diǎn)：be critical about對(duì)愛(ài)挑剔典型考題：She is very_ about h

24、er clothes since she a very famous model.A. worried B. critical C. anxious D. careful答案為B。譯文：因?yàn)樗敲?，所以她?duì)衣著很挑剔。worried擔(dān)心；critical挑剔的；anxious著急的；careful小心的記憶法：critic n.批評(píng)家，評(píng)論家；criticize v.批評(píng)，責(zé)備；criticism n.批評(píng)10.principal用法：a.主要的，首要的：the principal rivers of a country一個(gè)國(guó)家的主要河流n.首長(zhǎng)，校長(zhǎng)：The principal spoke

25、 with disapproval of your words and actions.校長(zhǎng)談到你的言行時(shí)很不贊成。典型考題：wheat is among the _ exports of the United States.A. principal B. principle C. official D. probable答案為A。譯文：小麥?zhǔn)敲绹?guó)主要的出口產(chǎn)品之一。principal主要的 principle原則 official官方的 probable可能的記憶法：principality n.公國(guó)，候國(guó)；principal ship n.首要地位；principle n.原則11.ext

26、reme用法：a.極端的，盡頭的：extreme heat極熱；extreme opinions偏激觀點(diǎn)； He lived at the extreme edge of the forest.他住在森林的最邊上。n.極端：Sometimes he eats too much and sometimes nothing , he goes from one extreme to the other.他有時(shí)吃得太多，有時(shí)不吃，從一個(gè)極端走到另一個(gè)極端?？键c(diǎn)：go to extremes走極端；in the extreme極，非常典型考題：Henrys political views were _

27、 for his time.A. radical B. drastic C. extreme D. extract答案為C.譯文：亨利的政治觀點(diǎn)就其時(shí)代而言是極端的。radical激進(jìn)的；drastic激烈的；extreme極端的；extract拔出，抽出記憶法：extremely極端地12. insert 用法：vt. 插入, 嵌入：insert a letter into an envelope將信塞入信封insert advertisement in a newspaper 將廣告刊登在報(bào)上insert an illustration into a text. 在文章中插入一幅插圖n.

28、插入物：pipe - insert with rainer帶灌噴器的水管套座13.performance用法：n.（1）表現(xiàn)，行為：His bad performance in school finally led to his dropout.他在學(xué)校的惡劣表現(xiàn)最終導(dǎo)致他輟學(xué)。（2）演出，表演：The theater gives two performances a day.這座劇院一天演出兩場(chǎng)。（3）執(zhí)行，履行：faithful in the performance of his duties 終于他的職守記憶法：perform v.表現(xiàn)，表演14. apply用法： vt. 申請(qǐng)， 應(yīng)用

29、：apply a theory to practice 把理論應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐apply one thing upon another 將一件東西放在另一件之上vi.申請(qǐng)， 適用letter in which someone apply for a job or apply for share in a new company某人申請(qǐng)獲得工作的信或購(gòu)買新公司股票進(jìn)行的申請(qǐng)apply for police protection要求警察保護(hù)apply for a driving license 申請(qǐng)領(lǐng)取駕駛執(zhí)照apply oneself to 專心從事，埋頭于15.continual用法： a.不斷的，

30、連續(xù)的：The dogs continual barking nearby made people in the whole neighborhood sleepless.附近不斷的狗叫聲攪得整個(gè)街坊的人無(wú)法入睡?？键c(diǎn)：辨析continual和continuous典型考題：The brain needs a _ supply of blood.A. continual B. continuous C. occasional D. long答案為A. 譯文：大腦需要不間斷的供應(yīng)。continual不斷的，有停頓；continuous不斷的，無(wú)停頓occasional；偶爾的；long長(zhǎng)的。引申：

31、（同）continual, continuous辨析：continual, continuous都有“連續(xù)不斷”的意思。continual指一段時(shí)間多次發(fā)生，時(shí)斷時(shí)續(xù)：Continual practice is necessary to master English.要掌握英語(yǔ)必須經(jīng)常不斷地練習(xí)。continuous指連續(xù)不斷的：a continuous voyage連續(xù)不斷的航行。16.contrast用法：v.對(duì)比，對(duì)照：Sally contrasted the situation with the present crisis.莎麗將局勢(shì)與目前的危機(jī)作了對(duì)比。n.對(duì)比，對(duì)照：In con

32、trast to the hot day in July, the nights in September are rather cool.和七月的熱天相比，九月的夜晚十分涼爽?？键c(diǎn)：contrastand/with/to 將與對(duì)比；by contrast對(duì)比之下；be a contrast to 和形成對(duì)比典型考題：there is a sharp _ between his earlier and later works.A. similarity B. character C. comparison D. contrast答案為D.譯文：他的早期作品和晚期作品截然不同。similarit

33、y相似性；character性格，特征；comparison對(duì)比，指比較的相似之處；contrast表示顯而易見(jiàn)的不同之處。記憶法：contract v./n.合同，縮寫辨析：compare, contrast都有“比較，對(duì)比”的意思compare指比較，著重相似之處。compare常與with和to連用。He compares books to friends.他把書比作朋友。contrast指對(duì)比，著重相異之處。常與with連用。In this book the writer contrasts good with evil.在這本書中，作者將善與惡進(jìn)行了對(duì)比。17.priority用法：

34、 n. 先， 前， 優(yōu)先， 優(yōu)先權(quán)：priority construction近期首期建筑Ensure funding for priority areas保證重點(diǎn)支出Absolute principle,top priority硬道理To assign priority according to seniority按資排輩In some systems,a classification of jobs in a multiprogramming environment that are neither"foreground(high priority)nor"backgr

35、ound(low priority. 在某些系統(tǒng)中，在多道程序設(shè)計(jì)環(huán)境中一種作業(yè)的分類，它既非“前臺(tái)”（高優(yōu)先級(jí)），也非“后臺(tái)”（低優(yōu)先級(jí)）。18.promote用法：v.（1）促進(jìn)，推進(jìn)：proper exercise will promote physical and mental health for the old.適當(dāng)鍛煉會(huì)促進(jìn)老人身心健康。（2）提升，提拔: My husband has been promoted to headmaster.我的丈夫已被提升為校長(zhǎng)?？键c(diǎn)：be promoted得到提升；promote ones product促銷商品典型考題：Do you hav

36、e any idea of how to _ the sales of this product.A. promote B. force C. drive D. strength答案為A.譯文：你有什么辦法來(lái)促銷這種產(chǎn)品嗎？promote 促進(jìn) ，提升 ；force壓迫 ； drive 驅(qū)動(dòng)；strength加強(qiáng)記憶法：促進(jìn)，提升，宣傳。19. emerge用法 ： vi. 顯現(xiàn), 浮現(xiàn), 暴露, 形成, (由某種狀態(tài))脫出, (事實(shí))顯現(xiàn)出來(lái)new leaders who may emerge. 可能出現(xiàn)的新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者們A multitude of heroic figures emerge.

37、大量英雄人物出現(xiàn)了。to emerge with the fins above water. 將鰭露出水面Sea mammals must emerge periodically to breathe. 海生哺乳動(dòng)物必須不斷地浮現(xiàn)出海面呼吸New problem emerge as they discuss further. 隨著他們討論的深入新的問(wèn)題也冒了出來(lái)。20.valid用法：a.（1）有根據(jù)的，站得住腳的：raise valid objections to a scheme. 對(duì)某一計(jì)劃提出有力的反對(duì)。（2）有法律效率的：valid for three months 三個(gè)月有效典型考

38、題：The trainticket is only _ within this week.A. sincere B. valid C. actual D. unusual答案為B 譯文：這火車票只在這周有效。sincere誠(chéng)懇的；valid有效的；actual實(shí)際的；unusual不尋常的記憶法：validly ad.有效地；validity n.有效性，合法性21.enormous用法： adj.巨大的, 龐大的, <古>極惡的, 兇暴的：enormous profits巨大的利益wielded enormous power. 行使極大的權(quán)力。an enormous sum of

39、 money巨額資金an enormous plate of food很大的一盤食物a man of enormous strength力大無(wú)窮的人paid an enormous sum. 支付了一大筆款項(xiàng)22.exception用法：n.除外，例外：There is an exception to this grammatical rule. 這條語(yǔ)法規(guī)則有個(gè)例外?？键c(diǎn)：with an exception of例外；take exception(to)生氣典型考題：I enjoyed all his novels with the _ of his last.A. explosion B.

40、 expedition C. excursion D. exception答案為D 譯文：除過(guò)最后一部，我喜歡他的所有小說(shuō)。explosion爆炸;expedition探險(xiǎn)；excursion遠(yuǎn)足；exception例外。記憶法：exceptional例外的；except for除以外23. worthwhile 用法：adj. 值得做的, 值得出力的：It is worthwhile seeing the film. 這電影值得一看。It is worthwhile making such an experiment. 做這樣的實(shí)驗(yàn)是值得的。I think it worthwhile rea

41、d that book. 我認(rèn)為那本書值得一讀。I guess we've seen everything that's worthwhile. 我想值得看的我們都看24.superior用法：a.優(yōu)良的，優(yōu)勢(shì)的(to)：This machine is superior in many respects to that.這臺(tái)機(jī)器在很多方面比那臺(tái)好?？键c(diǎn)：be superior to勝過(guò)，比好典型考題：His knowledge of French literature is_ to mine.A. superficial B. superior C. infinite D. i

42、nferior答案為B 譯文：他的法國(guó)文學(xué)知識(shí)比我的好。superficial表面的；superior比好；infinite無(wú)限的；inferior比差。記憶法：superiority n.勝過(guò)；inferiority n.次于引申：（反）inferior;（同）better25. exaggerate 用法：v. 夸大, 夸：To use hyperbole;exaggerate. 夸使用夸手法，夸To exaggerate a minor problem. 小題大作夸一個(gè)小困難To exaggerate a role;overplay. 演得過(guò)火過(guò)于夸地演某角色；演得過(guò)火It is imp

43、ossible to exaggerate the fact. 無(wú)論怎樣強(qiáng)調(diào)這事實(shí)，也不嫌過(guò)份。Don't exaggerate the parallelism between the two cases. 不要夸大那兩件事的相似性。IV 重要短語(yǔ)1. find ones way用法：（1）到達(dá):Drunk as he was, Peter still found his way home.盡管彼得喝醉了，他依然能找到回家的路。（2）進(jìn)入，流入:Shanghai is not an easy city to find your way around.是一個(gè)不容易找到路的城市。擴(kuò)展：lo

44、se ones way迷路;work ones way奮力向前;fight ones way掙扎著向前2. on occasion用法：有時(shí)，間或;Steve spent almost all his time doing his research, but, on occasion, he would take his son to see a film.史蒂文幾乎把所有的時(shí)間都花在研究上，但有時(shí)也帶兒子去看電影。擴(kuò)展：相當(dāng)于Occasionally, 也可寫作on occasions.3. in due course用法：(1)在適當(dāng)時(shí)機(jī):your book will be publish

45、ed in due course.你的書會(huì)在適當(dāng)時(shí)機(jī)出版。(2)最終:Be patient. Youll get your promotion in due course.耐心點(diǎn)。你最終會(huì)被提升的。擴(kuò)展：in (during) the course of 在期間; of course當(dāng)然4. make up for用法：補(bǔ)償，彌補(bǔ)：They hurried on to make up for lost time.他們加速行進(jìn)以補(bǔ)回失去的時(shí)間。Hard work can make up for the lack of intelligence.勤能補(bǔ)拙。擴(kuò)展：make up編造，化妝; be made up of 由組成5. pick up用法：（1）獲得：Where did you pick up that book? 你那本書是怎么來(lái)的？(2)學(xué)會(huì)：I have picked up a bit of surgery from him.我從他那里學(xué)會(huì)了一些外科手術(shù)的技術(shù)。擴(kuò)展：pick out挑出; pick over一件一件整理6. hold onto (on)用法：