2018全國高考英語真題

1、2018年高考英語真題試卷（全國卷I含答案）第一節(jié) （共 15 小題 :每小題 2 分,滿分 30 分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的 A 、 B、 C 和 D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWashington, D. C Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration:3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washingt

2、on ， D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about thetrees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability-and the cherry blossoms-disappear ！Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours（4 miles）Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most

3、 popular monuments in Washington, D.C.Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares uniquefacts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D. CDuration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this

4、 bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about PresidentsCongress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour rou

5、te（ 路線 ）make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C.Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill

6、 and theNational Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique factswithand history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped reflective vests and safety lights.21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?A Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Wash

7、ington, D.C.B Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D. CD Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A Meet famous people.B Go to a national park.C Visit well-known museums.D Enjoy interesting stories.

8、23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide？ACity maps.BCameras.CMeals.DSafety lights.Good Morning Britains Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning ， but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role - showing families how to prepare delicious and nutri

9、tious meals on a tight budget 。In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under 5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says shes been able to put a

10、 lot of what shes learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.“ We love Mexican churros so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant, she explains. I pay 5 for a portion （份）,but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they

11、 are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”The eight-part series（ 系列節(jié)目 ）, Save money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITVs Save Money ： Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value

12、 from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonights Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the

13、familys long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid ？ A She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B She has started a new programme.C She dislikes working early in the morning. D She has had a tight budget for her family.25. How does Matt T

14、ebbutt help SusannaA He buys cooking materials for her.B He prepares food for her kids.C He assists her in cooking matters.D He invites guest families for her.26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4？A Summarize the previous paragraphs.B Provide some advice for the readers.C Add some bac

15、kground information.D Introduce a new topic for discussion. 27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB Balancing Our Daily DietC Making Yourself a Perfect ChefD Cooking Well for LessCtimesLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent the

16、re has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers ， small ， tightly knit（ 聯(lián)系 ）groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million p

17、eople, they spoke perhaps 12, 000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread o

18、f universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English , Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6, 800 languages. The d

19、istribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2, 400; and Asia and t

20、he Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number(中位數(shù))of speakers is mere 6,000, which that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6, 800 languages are close to extinction (消亡),withonly

21、 a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.28. What can we infer abo

22、ut languages in hunter-gatherer times? A They developed very fastB They were large in number C They had similar patterns D They were closely connected 29. Which of the following best explains dominant underlined in paragraph 2?A ComplexB. AdvancedC Powerful.D Modern30. How many languages are spoken

23、by less than 6,000 people at present？A About 6,800B About 3,400C About 2,400D About 1,20031. What is the main idea of the text ？A New languages will be created.B Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.C Human development results in fewer languages.D Geography determines language evolution.DWe

24、 may think we re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices （裝置 ）well after they go out of style. That s bad news for the environment- and our wallets - as these outdated devices consume much

25、more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life - from when its minerals are mined

26、 to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s.Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers ， basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997.AndWP3 players, smart ph

27、ones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002 ， before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didnt throw out our old ones. The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids room, and suddenly oneday ， you have a TV in every room of the house,

28、 ” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We re not justkeeping these old devices - We continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitts team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst de

29、vices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions （排放 ） more thandoubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what s the solution（ 解決方案 ）? The team s data only went up to2007 ， but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with ne

30、w electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A They are envi

31、ronment-friendly.B They are no better than the old.C They cost more to use at home.D They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?A To reduce the cost of minerals.B To test the life cycle of a product.C To update consumers on new technology.D To find out electricity co

32、nsumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A The box-set TV.B The tablet.C The LCD TV.D The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A Stop using them B Take them apart C Upgrade them. D Recycle them. 第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2分，滿分10分）根

33、據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Color is fundamental in home design-something you ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces in one of the first steps to creating rooms youll love to live in. Do you want a room thats full of life? Professional ? Or are you ju

34、st looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36, colons the key to making a room feelthe way you want it to feelOver the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.37 , they can get a little complex. But good news is thatthere er real

35、ly only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones. 38 , They re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your wall

36、s and lessexpensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. 39. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they ha

37、ve amore powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether youre looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 40.A. While all of them are usefulB. Whatever youre look

38、ing forC. If youre experimenting with a colorD. Small color choices are the ones we re most familiar withE. its not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first timeG. Color choices in this range are a step up from the smal

39、l ones in two major ways第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。During my second year at the city college,I was told that the education department was offering a “free ” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 41 the idea of taking the class because, after all

40、, who doesn t want to 42 a few dollars? More than that, I d always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren t 43 enough about free credits, news about our 44was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which45 Iwould be learning from one of the game s 46 I could hardly wait to

41、 47 him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, andthis 48 was no game for him ; he meant business. In his introduction, he made it 49thatour credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50 the class among other criteria, we had towrite a paper on how we plan to 51 what

42、 we would learn in class to our future professions and 52 .to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 53 and leaned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54 .Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I m still putting to use what he 55 me : “theabsolute most important 56 that you learn

43、 when you play chess is how to make good 57 . On every single move you have to 58 a situation, process what your opponent （對手）is doing and59 the best move from among all your options. These words still ring true today in my 60 as a journalist.41. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned do

44、wn42. A. waste43. A. excited44. A. title45. A. urged46. A. fastest47. A. interview48. A. chanceB. earnB. worriedB. competitorB. demandedB. easiestC. saveC. movedC. textbookC. heldD. payD. tiredD. instructorD. meantC. best D. rarestB. meet C. challenge D. beatB. qualification C. honor D. job50. A. at

45、tend B. passC. skip D. observe51. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare52. A. eventually B. naturallyC. directlyD. normally53. A. game B. presentationC. course D. experiment54. A. criterion B. classroomC. department D. situation55. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised56. A. fact B. step C. ma

46、nner D. skill57. A. grades B. decisions C. impressions D. comments58. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control59. A. announceB. signal C. block D. evaluate60 . A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior61 .第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。According to a review of evidence in

47、 a medical journal, runners live three years _61_(long) than non-runners, You dont have to run fast or for long _62_(see) the benefit.You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.While running regularly can t make you live forever , the review says it 6

48、4 (be)more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014_66showed a mere five to 10 minute a day ofrunning reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all _67 (cause ).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise.its probably running.To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do e