-般將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)用法講解

1、一般將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)1. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的定義一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示在現(xiàn)在看來(lái)即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常用時(shí)間副詞tomorrow,soon或短語(yǔ)nextyear/week/month,inafewdays,inthefuture,sometime做狀語(yǔ)。如：Whatwillyoudothisafternoon?你今天下午干什么?Wewillhaveameetingtomorrow.我們明天要開(kāi)會(huì)。Heisgoingtostudyabroad(到國(guó)外)nextyear.明年他要出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)。2. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)及應(yīng)用(1) shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形。表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。特別是表示客觀(guān)性的事

2、情或在某條件下要發(fā)生的事情，只能用此結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Whatshallwedoifhedoesn'tcome?如果他不來(lái)，我們?cè)撛趺崔k？Willyoubefreethisevening?今天晚上有空嗎？Ithinkhewilltellusthetruth(真相)。我想他會(huì)告訴我們真實(shí)情況的。(2) begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形。表示已經(jīng)計(jì)劃或安排好了的事情，也可表示有跡象表明肯定要發(fā)生的事情。如：Wearegoingtohaveameetingtodiscuss(討論)thematterthisevening.今天晚上開(kāi)會(huì)討論這件事情。Lookattheblackcloudsoverther

3、e.Ithinkitisgoingtorainsoon.看一看那邊的烏云，我想天要下雨了。ThereisgoingtobeanEnglisheveningthisweek.本周要舉行一個(gè)英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)。(3) be+現(xiàn)在分詞。表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。這個(gè)句型中動(dòng)詞主要是瞬間動(dòng)詞：come,go,leave,arrive,begin,start,stop,close,open,die,join,borrow,buy等。如:Goahead,andI'mcoming.走前面一點(diǎn)吧，我就來(lái)。Thedogisdying.那條狗要死了。Hurryup.Theshopisclosing.快點(diǎn),商店

4、就要關(guān)門(mén)了。(4) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種嚴(yán)格按照計(jì)劃進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。比方說(shuō)，上課、飛機(jī)起飛、火車(chē)離站等。如:Don'thurry.Themeetingstartsataquarterpasteight.不要匆忙，回憶八點(diǎn)過(guò)一刻開(kāi)始。Thebusgoesbackatfourthirty.汽車(chē)四點(diǎn)返回。鞏固練習(xí)：一、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. LiLeitellsmehe(visit)theGreatWall(長(zhǎng)城)thisweekend.2. Mymother(buy)meapairofnewtrouserstomorrow.3. Shesaysshe(leave)soon.4. We(g

5、o)skatingifitdoesn'trainnextSunday.5. There(be)anEnglisheveningnextweek.6. Thinkover,andyou(get)agoodidea.7. Jim(have)apicnicnextMonday?-No,he.8. I(miss)youafteryouleavehere.9. Who(teach)youEnglishnextyear10. He(be)backinthreehours.11. Lookattheseclouds.It(rain).二、改錯(cuò)：每處劃線(xiàn)中有錯(cuò)誤，在題后改正1. Hewillsinga

6、nddancesforustomorrow.2. Areyougoingtoswim?Yes,Iwill.3. HewillhelpJimwithhisEnglisheveryday.4. Willhersistersingsasongformetomorrow?5. Theywilln'tplanttreesnextweek.6. Aretheygoingtoplaysbasketballtomorrow?7. Willwegotovisitthefactorytomorrow?8. PaulwillbegoingtomakedumplingsforEmma.9. Aretheboy

7、sgoingtotheGreatWallnextmonth?Yes,theywill.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：Jimisgoingtoplayfootballtomorrow.Marywillcleanthewindowsnextweek.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：兩回答：特殊疑問(wèn)句：四、選擇題()1.AreyougoingtoourEnglishteam?Yes,Iam.A.takepartinB.joinC.tookpartinD.joined()2.XuXiaandherteammatesaretheUSAnextweek.A.leavingforB.leaveforC.leaveD.left()3.T

8、hereanEnglishpartyinourclassnextweek.A.isgoingtohaveB.isgoingtobeC.willhaveD.Have()4.Ifittomorrow,wewillgotothepark.A.isn'trainB.don'trainC.doesn'trainD.won'train()5.Thereafootballmatchnextweek.Shallwegoandwatchit?A.willhaveB.hasC.haveD.willbeWouldyouminddoing”句型透視mind用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，習(xí)慣后接動(dòng)名詞（短

9、語(yǔ)）作賓語(yǔ)，而不接動(dòng)詞不定式，常用于Wouldyouminddoing？句型中，具體用法是：1 .Wouldyouminddoing？”句型常用于表示請(qǐng)求，意思是請(qǐng)你做你是否介意？、請(qǐng)你做好嗎？”，是一種比較客氣的表達(dá)方式。如：Wouldyoumindturningoffthelightintheroom?請(qǐng)你把房間里的燈關(guān)掉好嗎？如果要表示請(qǐng)你不要做你是否介意？、請(qǐng)你不要做好嗎？”，只需要在doing前面加上not.如：Wouldyoumindnotstandinginfrontofme?請(qǐng)你不要站在我的前面好嗎?2 .如果同意，表示不介意時(shí)，可用如下用語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)：Certainly/Ofco

10、ursenot./Notatall./Nonotatall;如果不同意，表示介意時(shí)，常用Sorry/Imsorry."(對(duì)不起)及陳述某種理由來(lái)表示拒絕或反對(duì)。如：Wouldyoumindgoingtothemoviesthisevening?今晚去看電影好嗎？-Imsorry.ButIhaven'tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.對(duì)不起，我的作業(yè)還沒(méi)有完成。學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)還要注意：1. Wouldyouminddoing？”句型中的would也可用do代替，但語(yǔ)氣較生硬，不如用would客氣。2. Wouldyouminddoing？”句型中的邏輯主語(yǔ)只能是談話(huà)的對(duì)方y(tǒng)

11、ou.如果想要對(duì)方允許自己做某事，可用Wouldyoumindmydoing？”句型，如：Wouldyoumindmysmokinghere?你介意我在這里吸煙嗎？鞏固練習(xí)：一、用下面提供的短語(yǔ)完成句子。1. helpmewashmyclothesWouldyoumind?2. giveheracupofteaWouldyoumind?3. helphimmendhiscarDoyouhave?4. walkontheroadWouldyoumindontheroad?二、選擇題()1.Wouldyoumindusinthegame?Notatall.A.joiningB.joinC.join

12、inD.joiningin()2.WouldyouliketoclimbmountainswithmethisSunday?一I'dloveto.ButIplaytabletennisagainstClassThree.A.amgoingB.amgoingtoC.amD.goingto()3.Wouldyoumindhere?D.notsmoke一I'msorryaboutthat.I'llgosomewhereelse.A.nosmokingB.notsmokingC.nosmokehadbetter用法詳解1. hadbetter的基本用法特點(diǎn)其意為最好"

13、、應(yīng)該”，后接動(dòng)詞原形，與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should用法相似，其中的had通?？s略為d：You'dbettergetsomesleep.你最好去睡一會(huì)兒。Wehadbettergobeforeitrains.我們最好在下雨前就去。2. hadbetter如何構(gòu)成否定式和疑問(wèn)式構(gòu)成否定式時(shí)，通常將not置于hadbetter之后（而不是had之后）；而構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)式時(shí)，則通常將had（而不是hadbetter）置于主語(yǔ)之前：I'dbetternotdisturbhim.我最好別去打擾他。Whathadwebetterdo?我們最好怎么辦？練習(xí)題3. 1.-I'mafraidyouh

14、aveacold.You'dbettergotoseeadoctor.A.No,Ihavenotime.B.That'sagoodidea.C.It'sverykindofyou.D.I'msorrytohearthat.()2.I'mfat.WhatshouldIdo?You'dbettereatmeatandfruits.A.less;moreB.less;lessC.more;lessD.more;more()3.Youhadbetteraskyourbrotherplayingcomputergames.It'sbadforhim

15、.A.togiveupB.nottogiveupC.togiveitupD.notgiveitup()4.Ihaveastomachache.WhatshouldIdo?Youdrinksweetwaterandeatsweetfood.A.hadbetternot;shouldn'tB.should;hadbetterC.hadbetter;hadbetterD.shouldn't;should()5.Ihaveatoothache.Youshould.A.drinklotsofwaterB.takearestC.seeadentistD.haveagoodsleep情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

16、的基本用法歸納情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有can(could),may(might),must,haveto,shall(should,will(would),need(needed),oughtto等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化；不能單獨(dú)使用，必須與其后的動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。一、can,could1 .表示能力(體力、知識(shí)、技能)。Canyouliftthisheavybox?(體力)Marycanspeakthreelanguages.(知識(shí))Canyouskate?(技能)2 .表不請(qǐng)求和允許。CanIgonow?Yes,youcan./No,youcan't.此時(shí)可與may互換。在疑問(wèn)句中還可用co

17、uld,might代替，不是過(guò)去式，只是語(yǔ)氣更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答語(yǔ)中。CouldIcometoseeyoutomorrow?Yes,youcan.(No,I'mafraidnot.)3 .表示客觀(guān)可能性(客觀(guān)原因形成的能力)。They'vechangedthetimetable,sowecangobybusinstead.Thishallcanhold500peopleatleast.4.表示推測(cè)(驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度)，用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句和感嘆句中。Canthisbetrue?Thiscan'tbedonebyhim.Howcanthisbetrue?二、m

18、ay,might1 .表示請(qǐng)求和允許。might比may語(yǔ)氣更委婉，而不是過(guò)去式。否定回答時(shí)可用can't或mustn't,表示不可以，禁止“。- -Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom?No,youmustn't.- -May/MightItakethisbookoutoftheroom?- -Yes,youcan.（No,youcan't/mustn't.）用MayI.?征徇對(duì)方許可時(shí)比較正式和客氣，而用CanI.?在口語(yǔ)中更常見(jiàn)。2 .用于祈使句，表示祝愿。Mayyousucceed!3 .表示推測(cè)、可能性（不用于疑問(wèn)句）。might

19、不是過(guò)去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。1. Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.2. Yourmothermay/mightnotknowthetruth.三、must,haveto1 .表不必須、必要。Youmustcomeintime.在回答引出的問(wèn)句時(shí)，如果是否定的，不能用mustn't（禁止，不準(zhǔn)），而用needn't,don'thaveto（不必）- -Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?- -Yes,youmust.- -No,youdon'thaveto/youneedn't.2. must是

20、說(shuō)話(huà)人的主觀(guān)看法，而haveto則強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀(guān)需要。must只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，haveto有更多的時(shí)態(tài)形式。1） heplayisn'tinteresting,Ireallymustgonow.2） IhadtoworkwhenIwasyourage.3.表示推測(cè)、可能性（只用于肯定的陳述句）1） You'reTom'sgoodfriend,soyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.2） Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow.四、needl.need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí),常用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must,haveto,oug

21、htto,should代替。1) Youneedn'tcomesoearly.2) -NeedIfinishtheworktoday?Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't.2.need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，有人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。而need后面只能接帶to的不定式。Heneedstofinishhishomeworktoday.五、shall,should1.shall用于第一人稱(chēng)，征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)。Whatshallwedothisevening?2.shall用于第二、三人稱(chēng)，表示說(shuō)話(huà)人給對(duì)方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。1) .Youshallfailifyoudon

22、'tworkhard.(警告)2) HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.(允諾)3) Heshallbepunished.(威脅)六、will,would1.表示請(qǐng)求、建議等，would更委婉。Will/Wouldyoupassmetheball,please?2.1. 本意志、愿望和決心。1) .Iwillneverdothatagain.2) )Theyaskedhimifhewouldgoabroad.3.would表示過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某種傾向。would表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣時(shí)比usedto正式,且沒(méi)有現(xiàn)已無(wú)此習(xí)慣”的含義。1) .Duringthevac

23、ation,hewouldvisitmeeveryotherday.2) .Thewoundwouldnotheal.七、should1.should表示應(yīng)該“1).Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.2.表示推測(cè)should,(客觀(guān)推測(cè)),must(主觀(guān)推測(cè))。1).Hemustbehomebynow.(斷定他已到家)2)Heoughtto/shouldbehomebynow.(不太肯定）3)Thisiswheretheoilmustbe.(直爽）Thisiswheretheoiloughtto/shouldbe.(含蓄）練習(xí)題)1.MayIaskyous

24、omequestions,Dr.Wang?A.You'rewelcome.B.Sure,goahead.C.No,I'mbusy.D.Yes,youmust.)2.MustItakepartintheactivity?)3.-No,youA.mustn't.YouB.donMayIwatchTV,Mom?'retooyoung.Youshouldlookafteryourself.'tC.can'tD.don'thaveto一I'mafraidyou)4.A.shouldnotB.can'tMustwekeepthewin

25、dowC.mustnotallthetime?D.maynotNo,youdon'thaveto.A.openingB.openedC.toopenD.open)5.MustItakethemedicineeveryday?No,youA.mustB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.can't)6.Mymotherisill.Istayathometotakecareofher.A.canB.mayC.havetoD.maybe)7.MayIuseyourdictionary,Lily?Sure,rightA.goaheadB. youcanaskBillC

26、. youcan'tD.that'sall反身代詞用法歸納一、反身代詞的基本形式反身代詞是oneself根據(jù)所指詞的人稱(chēng)、性別、單復(fù)數(shù)等的變化可以有myself,himself,herself,yourself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves等形式。二、oneself與himself當(dāng)one指人時(shí)，其相應(yīng)的反身代詞通常用oneself,在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中也可用himself:Oneshouldnotpraiseoneselfhimself.一個(gè)人不應(yīng)該自吹自擂。三、反身代詞的句法功能：1 .用作同位語(yǔ)（加強(qiáng)被修飾詞的語(yǔ)氣，緊放在被修飾名詞

27、后，或句末：Theboxitselfisnotsoheavy.箱子本身并不重。Martinhimselfattendedthesickman.馬丁親自照顧病人。2 .用作賓語(yǔ)（動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)）:Takegoodcareofyourself.照顧好自己。Shecouldnotmakeherselfunderstood.她不能使別人聽(tīng)懂她的話(huà)。Thechildcriedhimselftosleep.孩子哭著哭著睡著了。3 .用作表語(yǔ)Thepoorboywasmyself.那個(gè)可憐的孩子就是我自己。Theoneswhoreallywantitareourselves.真正想要它的是我們自己。代詞列

28、表人稱(chēng)代詞主格人稱(chēng)代詞賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞Imemyminemyselfweusouroursourselvesyouyouyouryoursyourselfyourselvessheherherhersherselfhehimhishishimselfitititsitsitselftheythemtheirtheirsthemselves主格做主語(yǔ)賓格做賓語(yǔ)放在動(dòng)詞介詞后放在名詞前/、可單獨(dú)用替代形代+名詞/、可與名詞連用by后接反身代詞()1.Heplaysbasketballsowell!Whotaught?-Helearntitby.A.him;himB.him

29、self;himselfC.him;himselfD.himself;him要求四會(huì)的單詞名詞體育運(yùn)動(dòng)tomato+espotato+essaltwatermelonsandwichstrawberrybeefbiscuitmeal時(shí)間類(lèi)agecenturyweekend文化信息類(lèi)informationwebsiteInternetdictionaryknowledgemessagepassagecultureteammatchfootballtennisbaseballskatingrowingcyclingbasketballsoccer人物或稱(chēng)謂類(lèi)personplayermusician

30、scientistpilotpolicemanpolicewomanpostmanfishermanherograndfathergrandmothergrandparents物品類(lèi)basketcuppapergoldbrushring處所類(lèi)grasstheatre/theatermuseumfactory身體健康類(lèi)bodyhealthtoothacheheadachefevercoughstomachacheillnessmedicineheart食品飲料類(lèi)coffeeteacandyfruitsugarrecord其他showerfactcareadvice(apieceofadvice)

31、newspityarticlesmokeriskquestionhabitworldwarintroductionnotesmilepeacesouthmiddletaxianswerlittervoicescorelinephoneexampleskillpointchancesuggestionmindsidedreamfuturefriendshipjumppartfunny形容詞或副詞weak<>strongleast<>mostpopular<>unpopularhealthy=fit<一>illfat<>thindirty

32、<>cleanuseful<>uselessdark<>brighthungry<>fulldead<>alivecheap<>expensive=deartrue<一>falsecorrect<_>wrongpossible<_>impossiblequiteexcited/excitingtired/tiringcertainlybadlyreallyfinallyevenfamousmadangrymainsuccessfulenoughterribleseriousstillac

33、tivemodernnecessary動(dòng)詞：wincheerrowjoinskatecycledreamgrowspendjumprelaxleavekickpassthrowfightenjoy/practice/finish/mind+doingsth.advisekillinventbecomefollowholdscorepointhithearringstandfeelbreakrecordsuggestliftboilbrushliecrycarecheckworrycausesmoketasteforceriskbuildhappen介詞againstthroughwithout

34、offexcept詞組薈萃名詞詞組tabletennisthedayaftertomorrowdayandnighticecreampotatochipsfirstaidrelayrace動(dòng)詞詞組cheer.ongrowupbegoodforbegoodat=dowellin<->dobadlyintakepartinkeepfitleaveforfall川givesb.ahandshoutatsb.doone'sbest=tryone'sbestbeangrywithtalkaboutcomeintobeingstandforhaveacoldliedownwor

35、ryaboutgoaheadbuildsb.uptakecareof介詞詞組及其他forexampleatleastinfactas.aspossibleinthefutureontheotherhandinsteadofalloveratfirst課本中出現(xiàn)的詞組或搭配歸納beabletobesurebeinterestedinseesb.do/o.makesb./sth.+adj.allovertheworldhelpsb.dos

36、thplayagainsthavefunthemostpopularsportsstopsbfromdoingsth.suchas/forexamplehundredsofyearstheboys'800-meterracelotsof=alotofmakefriendswithsb.winthefirstplacenexttimelook/getwell/bettertakeone'sadvicetakemedicinetake/haveabathhave/takearestfeellikedoingsth.goupgooutfalldownnothingserioussta

37、yuphaveagoodrestdomorning/eyeexercisestell/asksbtodosth.giveupshowsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.toomuch重句大本營(yíng)1.Whatareyougoingtodo?I'mgoingtoplaybasketball.2.Wouldyouliketocomeandcheeruson?Sure,I'dloveto.3. Whichsportdoyouprefer,swimmingorrowing?Ipreferrowing.4. Areyougoingtojointheschoolrowingteam?Ye

38、s,Iam./No,Imnot.5. What'syourfavoritesport,?Basketball,ofcourse.6. Whosyourfavoriteplayer?LeBronJames.7. Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup?I'mgoingtobeascientist.8. Whydoyoulikeplayingsoccer?Becauseitmakeshimstronganditspopularallovertheworld.9. ,couldyouhelpme(=givemeahand),please?Sure.10. W

39、illyoujoinus?I'dbegladto.11. Wouldyoumindteachingme?Notatall.Youcandoit!12. Wouldyoumindnotputtingyourbikehere?Sorry.I，llputitsomewhereelse.13. ,IamsorryforwhatIsaid.(賓語(yǔ)從句)It'snothing.14. Willyoutakepartintheschoolsportsmeet?OfcourseIwill.15. Whichsportwillyoutakepartin?Theboys'800-meterrace.16. Hello,isin?Speaking.17. Whatshallwetake?Welltakeoursportsclothesandsportsshoes.18. ShallItakemycamera?-Goodidea!It'llbefun19. Whenshallwemeet?Let'smakeithalfpastsix.20. Whereshallwemeet?Atmyhouse.21. Hello,!Youdon'tlookwell.What'swrongwith