(完整版)人教版英語(yǔ)選修七Unit2Robots知識(shí)點(diǎn)及語(yǔ)法歸納(可編輯修改word版)

1、核心單詞1.desiren.渴望vt.想要常用結(jié)構(gòu)：desiresth.渴望得到某物desiretodosth.希望/渴望做某事desirethatsb.(should)do要求haveadesireforsth./todosth.渴望得到某物/希望做某事atonesdesire照某人的希望Wealldesirehappinessandhealth我們都希望幸福健康。Everyonehasadesireforsuccess,butnoteveryonedesirestogetrich.每個(gè)人都渴望成功，但并非人人都渴望金錢。Hedesiresyoutogotoseehimatonce.=Hed

2、esiresthatyoushouldgotoseehimatonce.他要求你馬上去見(jiàn)他。翻譯句子(原創(chuàng))他想接受大學(xué)教育。 他們要我快點(diǎn)回來(lái)。 我請(qǐng)他立即回信。 她要你立即見(jiàn)她。她應(yīng)邀演奏了一曲。解析：Hedesiredacollegeeducation. Theydesiremetoreturnsoon. Idesireanimmediateanswerofhis. Shedesiresthatyou(should)seeheratonce. Sheplayedapieceatothersdesire/bydesire.2. alarmn.警報(bào)vt.使驚恐Weweremuchalarme

3、dbythefireintheforest.森林失火使我們大為驚慌。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：give/raisethealarm發(fā)警報(bào)ringthealarm敲警鐘soundthealarm發(fā)警報(bào);吹警報(bào)號(hào)take(the)alarmat對(duì)感到吃驚;因而驚恐bealarmedat.被嚇一跳Assoonashesawthesmoke,hesoundedthealarm.一看見(jiàn)煙霧，他就鳴響了警報(bào)。翻譯句子 看到孩子們?cè)诜敌r(shí)遭遇車禍的消息，家長(zhǎng)們很害怕。 看到大火，社區(qū)的居民發(fā)出警報(bào)。答案：Theparentstook(the)alarmatthenewsthattheirchildrencaughtatra

4、fficaccidentwhenreturningtheschool.Theresidentsinthecommunityraisedthealarmwhenseeingthegreatfire.3. accompanyvt.陪伴常用結(jié)構(gòu)：accompanysb.toaplace陪伴某人去某地accompanysth.with/bysth.與同時(shí)存在Heaccompaniedhisoldfathertothehospitaltoseewhatswrongwithhisstomach.他陪他的老父親去醫(yī)院查看胃部出了什么問(wèn)題。Thundersaccompaniedbyheavyraininthi

5、sseasonareverycommon.這個(gè)季節(jié)，雷鳴常常伴有大雨。翻譯句子總統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)了,被六個(gè)健壯的保鏢護(hù)隨著?；氐郊亦l(xiāng)，他的老同學(xué)們陪著他參觀了這個(gè)城市。答案：Thepresidentappearedandwasaccompaniedbysixstrongbodyguards.Whenreturninghometown,hewasshownaroundthecityaccompaniedbyhisoldclassmates.4. envyn.&vt.妒忌；羨慕常用結(jié)構(gòu)：envysb.doing/forsth.忌妒或羨慕某人做某事withenvy羨慕地；忌妒地betheenvyof是令人羨慕

6、/忌妒的事物outofenvy出于妒忌I envyyouhavingsuchagoodfriend!我羨慕你有這么一位好朋友！Theylookedathernewcarwithenvy.他們羨慕地看著她的新車。Hewasfilledwithenvyofmeatmysuccess.他十分羨慕我的成功。Theyonlysaysuchunkindthingsaboutyououtofenvy.他們純粹出于忌妒才說(shuō)你這些壞話。聯(lián)想拓展enviousadj.羨慕的；妒忌的beenviousof妒忌；羨慕翻譯句子 她出于忌妒說(shuō)了關(guān)于你的這些話。 湯姆妒忌他哥哥事業(yè)上的成功。答案：Shesaidthesew

7、ordsaboutyououtofenvy.Tomwasenviousofhisbrotherssuccessinbusiness.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)5. reachfor伸手碰到/去拿/夠到Hereachedforhisgunwhenheheardtheenemyssound.當(dāng)他聽(tīng)到敵人的聲音時(shí)就伸手去拿自己的槍。Hereachedintohispocketforhiskeys.他把手伸到口袋里找鑰匙。聯(lián)想拓展reachto達(dá)到；觸到within/outof/beyondonesreach在某人伸手可及/夠不到的距離單項(xiàng)填空I keepmedicinesonthetopshelf,outofthec

8、hildrens.（201001江蘇徐州檢測(cè)）A.reachB.handC.holdD.place解析：選A?？疾楣潭ù钆洹utofonesreach意為“在某人伸手夠不到的距離”；符合句意“孩子夠不著”。6.testout考驗(yàn)；試驗(yàn)Thismodelhadbeentestedoutbeforeitwasputintoproduction.這個(gè)型號(hào)經(jīng)過(guò)試驗(yàn)后才進(jìn)行大批量生產(chǎn)。Beforethelecture,theprofessorisusedtotestingoutthewholeexperiment.上課前，這個(gè)教授習(xí)慣先將整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)試驗(yàn)一番。聯(lián)想拓展testonsb./sth.在（身上）

9、做實(shí)驗(yàn)/試驗(yàn)have/takeatestin參加考試翻譯句子 成千上萬(wàn)的人們將參加這周日的公務(wù)員考試。 那個(gè)咨詢顧問(wèn)總是先將新的政策在他自己的公司里進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。答案： TensofthousandsofpeoplewilltakeanentrancetestforgovernmentofficersthisSunday. Theconsultantalwaystestingthenewpolicyonhisowncompanyfirst.7. ringup打電話給Onarrivingattheairport,heranguphismothertosayeverythingwasOK.一到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)，

10、他就打電話給母親報(bào)平安。聯(lián)想拓展ringback回電話ringoff掛斷電話;停止講話ringabell喚醒（經(jīng)常是模糊的記憶）ringupthecurtain開(kāi)始（一場(chǎng)演出，一個(gè)事件或一次行動(dòng)）I havetoringoffnowbecausemyfriendiswaitingforme.我朋友在等我，我得掛電話了。翻譯句子今早他剛起床就有人給他打電話了。 見(jiàn)到老板進(jìn)來(lái)，他趕緊掛斷電話假裝在工作。答案：Themomenthegotupthismorning,someoneranghimup.Seeinghisbosscoming,hehurriedtoringoffandpretendedt

11、obeworking.8. leave.alone不打擾Leavehimaloneandhewillproduce.別打擾他，他會(huì)寫出來(lái)的。YoushouldnthaveleftAndyaloneinthemountains,itwasverydangerous.你不該將安迪一個(gè)人留在山上，因?yàn)槟菢臃浅ＮｋU(xiǎn)。聯(lián)想拓展leavebehind留下,遺留leaveaside（把某事）擱置一邊leavefor出發(fā)前往leaveout省去;遺漏;不考慮Hewasaskedtoleaveforanothercityin24hours.他被要求24小時(shí)內(nèi)離開(kāi)到另一個(gè)城市去。Theteacherrequire

12、dustoleaveoutsomeunnecessarywordsinouressays.老師讓我們將論文中一些不必要的詞語(yǔ)省去。翻譯句子老板攜款潛逃了，只留下一間空廠房。聽(tīng)到警報(bào)，警察丟下家人沖出去看發(fā)生了什么事。答案： Thebossescapedwithallhisfortuneandleftanemptyfactorybehind. Hearingthealarm,thepolicemanlefthisfamilybehindandrushedouttoseewhathappened.9. setaside將放到一邊；節(jié)省或保留（錢或時(shí)間）；暫時(shí)不考慮Hesetalloffersasi

13、de.所有的提議他都置之不理。聯(lián)想拓展setdown記下，寫下setoff動(dòng)身;爆炸setout出發(fā)；開(kāi)始做setup創(chuàng)立，建立；豎起Hesetoffforwork.他動(dòng)身去上班。單項(xiàng)填空Trytoatleastanhoureachdayforlearningnewvocabulary.（201001山東煙臺(tái)檢測(cè)）A.setoffB.setoutC.setasideD.setdown解析：選C。句意為：爭(zhēng)取每天至少抽出1小時(shí)時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)新詞匯。setaside為某種目的留出、撥出（金錢、時(shí)間）等，符合句意。10. turnaround轉(zhuǎn)向Heheardavoicebutwhenheturnedar

14、ound,hesawnobody.他聽(tīng)到一個(gè)聲音，但轉(zhuǎn)身卻沒(méi)發(fā)現(xiàn)有人。Ashewalkedtowardsthehotel,hesuddenlyturnedaroundandfoundanoldladyfollowinghim.當(dāng)他朝旅館走去時(shí)，突然轉(zhuǎn)身發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)老婦人跟著他。聯(lián)想拓展turnaway把（臉）轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)去turnagainst背叛；反抗turnon/off打開(kāi)/關(guān)掉turnup出現(xiàn);調(diào)大（音量）turndown拒絕;調(diào)?。ㄒ袅浚﹖urnout結(jié)果是;證明是翻譯句子 那個(gè)年輕的女士無(wú)法想像要是她的丈夫背叛她的話會(huì)是怎么樣。 雖然貧窮，但是女孩毅然地拒絕了別人的幫助。答案： Theyoung

15、ladycantimaginewhatifherhusbandturnsagainsther. Thoughpoor,thegirlturneddownothershelpfirmly.重點(diǎn)句型11. Clairedidntwanttherobotinherhouse,especiallyasherhusbandwouldbeabsentforthreeweeks,butLarrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldntharmherorallowhertobeharmed.克萊爾并不想把機(jī)器人留在家里，特別是在她丈夫離別三周的這個(gè)期間。但是，克萊爾被拉里說(shuō)服了。他說(shuō)，機(jī)

16、器人不會(huì)傷害她，也不會(huì)讓別人來(lái)傷害她。tobeharmed為動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。AllthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelysoastobereceivedintimeforChristmas.所有的這些禮物必須馬上郵寄，以便在圣誕節(jié)時(shí)及時(shí)收到。ItremainstobeseenwhetherJimllbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.吉姆最后是否適合演出仍將拭目以待。翻譯句子小湯姆假裝被射中了哭喊著要糖吃。此藥得一日三次，飯后服用。答案：LittleTompretendedtobeshotandcriedforacandy.Themedi

17、cineisrequiredtobetakenthreetimesadayaftermeals.12.Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.當(dāng)她轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身時(shí)，（她發(fā)現(xiàn)）Gladys站在那兒。therestoodGladysClaffern為倒裝句。在謂語(yǔ)為動(dòng)詞go,come,run,stand,live等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞及be動(dòng)詞的句子中，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中一些副詞there,here,up,down,in,out,away等，可將副詞置于句首，若這時(shí)主語(yǔ)是名詞，句子用全倒裝；若是代詞，則不用倒裝。Therecomestheteacherandhers

18、tudents.老師和她的學(xué)生們來(lái)了。Outrushedtheboys.男孩們沖了出去。翻譯句子 年輕的母親抱著懷里兩個(gè)月大的嬰兒跑開(kāi)了。（用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)） 生氣的老板和他的秘書(shū)走了進(jìn)來(lái)。答案： Awayrantheyoungmotherwithatwo-month-oldbabyinherarms. Incametheangrybossandhissecretary.Period3GrammarTeachingaims1 Revisethepassivevoice（includingtheinfinitive）andknowtheexactmeaningofthestructure.2 Beab

19、letousetheusefulwordsexpressionsandstructurescorrectly.TeachingproceduresStep1RevisionAskstudentstoanswerthefollowingquestionswithoutreferringtothetextbook.1 WhatwasgoingtobetestedoutbyLarryswifeClaire?2 HowdidLarryBelmontfinallypersuadehiswifetoaccepttheexperiment?3 HowdidClairefeelwhenshewasoffere

20、dsympathybyarobot?4 WhatdidTonyexpecttodoaboutthehousebeforehewastoleaveandLarrywastoreturn?5 HowdidClairefeelwhenshewasenviedbythosewomen?6 WhathappenedtoTonyatlast?Suggestedanswers1 TherobotwasgoingtobetestedoutbyLarryswifeClaire.2 Larrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldntharmherorallowhertobeharmed.3

21、Shethoughtitwasridiculoustobeofferedsympathybyarobot.4 Tonyexpectedthehousetobecompletelytransformed.5 Shefeltitasweetvictorytobeenviedbythosewomen.6 Tonyhadtoberebuilt.Step2Grammarlearning1 不定式的被動(dòng)形式當(dāng)不定式與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)即不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是不定式所表示動(dòng)作的承受者不定式一般要用被動(dòng)形式。其被動(dòng)式可以分為兩種一般式和完成式。(1)一般式tobedone表示不定式動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后或者同時(shí)

22、發(fā)生。Itisagreathonor_to_be_invited_tospeakhere.很榮幸被邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谶@里講話。Thenovelissaid_to_be_published_nextmonth.據(jù)說(shuō)這本小說(shuō)下月要出版。(2) 完成式tohavebeendone表示不定式動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。Thebookissaidto_have_been_translated_intosixlanguages.這本書(shū)據(jù)說(shuō)已經(jīng)被翻譯成六種語(yǔ)言。Thebosspreferred_to_have_been_given_moreworktodo.老板寧愿被分給更多的工作做。被動(dòng)一般式tobedone完成式toh

23、avebeendone2.不定式被動(dòng)形式的作用(1) 作主語(yǔ)Itsanhonorto_be_invitedtotheceremony.很榮幸被邀請(qǐng)赴宴。Itsapityto_be_keptinthehouseinsuchfineweather.在這樣好的天氣被關(guān)在家里真是遺憾。(2) 作表語(yǔ)Theletteris_to_be_sent_byairmail.這封信箋要空郵。(3) 作賓語(yǔ)Shedidntliketo_be_treatedasachild.她不喜歡被當(dāng)成孩子。Theboyaskedto_be_givenanopportunitytotryagain.那男孩要求給他再試一次的機(jī)會(huì)。(

24、4) 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Idlikemybedroomto_be_cleaned.我想整理一下我的臥室。(5) 作定語(yǔ)Hewasthelastone_to_be_askedtospeakatthemeeting.他是最后一個(gè)在會(huì)上被邀請(qǐng)發(fā)言的人。(6) 作狀語(yǔ)Hismotherleftthesmallvillagenever_to_be_seenagain.他母親離開(kāi)了那個(gè)小山村再也沒(méi)有人見(jiàn)過(guò)她。3不定式有些要注意的地方(1)感官動(dòng)詞和一些使役動(dòng)詞的不定式的主動(dòng)形式要省去to但在變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后需要加上to能這樣用的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組有makehaveletseehearnoticelistentowat

25、ch等。如Weoftenseehimactlikethat.Heisoftenseentoactlikethat.我們常?？吹剿菢幼?。(2)在canthelpbuthavenothingtodobut結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞but后的不定式省去to。如Icant_help_butsuspecthismotive.我不禁懷疑起他的動(dòng)機(jī)。Ihave_nothing_to_do_but_watchTV.我沒(méi)什么事情可做除了看電視。(3) 不定式有時(shí)要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義形容詞以及含有形容詞的名詞后的不定式一般用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義其中形容詞常見(jiàn)的有easydifficultimportantimpossibl

26、e等。如Theworkisimpossible_to_finishintwodays.工作不可能兩天之內(nèi)完成。Englishisnotsoeasy_to_learn.英語(yǔ)并不好學(xué)。一些固定用法如“挨罵受責(zé)備受批評(píng)”用betoblame“(東西等)出租”用tolet。Heistoblameforwhathehasdone.他應(yīng)為他所做的受責(zé)備。Thehouseistolet.房子要出租。Step3Exercises1 ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiuXiangwhowasreportedtheworldrecordinthe110meterhurdlera

27、ce.AbreakingBhavingbrokenCtohavebrokenDtobreak2 Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood.AtobebreathedBtobreatheCbreathingDbeingbreathed3 theprojectasplannedwellhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.ACompletingBCompleteCCompletedDTocomplete4 Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouplebutitrema

28、inswhethertheywillenjoyit.AtoseeBtobeseenCseeingDseen5 Ihurriedtothemeetinghallonlythatthemeetinghadbeenputoff.AtotellBtobetoldCtellingDtold6 Doletyourmotherknowallthetruthsheappearseverything.AtotellBtobetoldCtobetellingDtohavebeentold7 LittleTomshouldlovetothetheaterthisevening.AtobetakenBtotakeCb

29、eingtakenDtaking8 Itissaidthatplasticscanbeusedtomanythings.Nowpeopleareusedtoplasticsproducts.AmakeusingBmakingusingCmakinguseDmakeuse9 Withalotofproblemsthenewlyelectedpresidentishavingahardtime.AsettledBsettlingCtosettleDbeingsettledKeys15CBDBB69DAACStep4DrillingAskstudentstodoExercise1onPage14an

30、dthenchecktheanswerstogether.KeysExercise1betestedoutbeharmedbeofferedwasamazedwasnotallowedbediscoveredbecompletelytransformedwereimpressedbeenviedberebuiltAskstudentstodoExercise2andthenchecktheanswerstogether.KeysExercise21tobedesigned2.toberebuilt3.tobeaccompanied4.tobeknownas5.tobefilledwith6.tobetestedout7.tobeenvied8.tobesetasideStep5UsingthepassiveinfinitiveTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishusingthepassiveinfinitive.1那本關(guān)于圣經(jīng)的書(shū)需要在這個(gè)周末之前還