第一部分模塊1第3單元教師版

1、LOGOLOGOBook 1 Unit 3 Travel journal第一部分第一部分 模塊單元配套復(fù)習(xí)模塊單元配套復(fù)習(xí)構(gòu)詞法三：形容詞21-ic的: alcoholic, Arctic, athletic, authentic, automatic，basic, characteristic, classic, electronic, energetic, enthusiastic, fantastic, optimistic, scientific, specific, systematic(al), realistic, historic, poetic 2-ern的northern,

2、 southern, eastern, western, southeastern, northwestern 3-ish (1).有點(diǎn)像：foolish, childish, selfish (2).有點(diǎn)：greenish, reddish, coldish, stylish構(gòu)詞法三：形容詞24-ive的： attractive， conservative, subjective, tentative, creative, competitive, cooperative, active, expensive, native, progressive, aggressive, destruc

3、tive, collective, creative, effective 5-less不，無(wú)，非：breathless, careless, endless, hopeless, jobless, regardless, selfless, stainless, tasteless, useless, meaningless, priceless, speechless, valueless, worthless, countless, wireless, fearless 構(gòu)詞法三：形容詞26-ous的: famous, dangerous, curious, anxious, conti

4、nuous, courageous, continuous, mountainous, autonomous, cautious, generous, humorous, nervous, poisonous, religious ridiculous，ambiguous, ambitious, harmonious, various, 7-y 的： rocky, hilly, windy, rainy, cloudy, snowy, icy, foggy, woozy, scary, hairy, cozy, funny, handy, healthy, hungry, messy，mudd

5、y, noisy, sleepy, tasty, thirsty, wealthy, roomy, jealousy, smelly, shiny, dusty, dirty, funny, thirsty,構(gòu)詞法三：形容詞28-some引起,適于,易于: troublesome, tiresome, awesome, handsome9-ly:（1）名詞詞尾+ly形容詞:品質(zhì),的: comradely, friendly, motherly, fatherly, brotherly, weekly, monthly, yearly, daily, costly，lonely, lively,

6、 lovely, likely一一 詞語(yǔ)回顧詞語(yǔ)回顧 A 單詞單詞 寫(xiě)出下列英語(yǔ)單詞的中文意思或根據(jù)音標(biāo)和中寫(xiě)出下列英語(yǔ)單詞的中文意思或根據(jù)音標(biāo)和中文意思寫(xiě)出下列英文單詞。文意思寫(xiě)出下列英文單詞。1. cave keiv n. _2. midnight midnait n. _3. temple templ n. _ 4. flamefleim n. _5. fare f n. _6. shortcoming :tkmi n. _7. journal d:nl n. _洞穴洞穴,；地窖；地窖午夜；子夜午夜；子夜廟宇廟宇,寺廟寺廟火焰；光芒火焰；光芒費(fèi)用費(fèi)用 缺點(diǎn)缺點(diǎn)日記；雜志；定期刊物日記；雜

7、志；定期刊物8. journey d:ni n. _9. insurance inurns n. _ 10. parcel p:sl n. _ 11. attitude titju:d n. _12. valley vli n. _13. _ pilu n. 枕頭；枕墊枕頭；枕墊14. _ psweid vt.說(shuō)服；勸說(shuō)說(shuō)服；勸說(shuō)15. _ saikl vi. 騎自行車(chē)騎自行車(chē)16. _ edju:l; skedjul n.時(shí)間表；進(jìn)時(shí)間表；進(jìn)度表度表 vt.為某事安排時(shí)間為某事安排時(shí)間旅行；旅程旅行；旅程 保險(xiǎn)保險(xiǎn)小包；包裹小包；包裹態(tài)度；看法態(tài)度；看法(山山)谷；流域谷；流域pillowp

8、ersuadecycleschedule 17. _ f:k:st n.&vt.預(yù)測(cè)；預(yù)報(bào)預(yù)測(cè)；預(yù)報(bào)18. _ vju: n.風(fēng)景；視野；觀(guān)點(diǎn)；見(jiàn)解風(fēng)景；視野；觀(guān)點(diǎn)；見(jiàn)解 vt.觀(guān)看；注視；考慮觀(guān)看；注視；考慮19. _ flu vi.流動(dòng)；流出流動(dòng)；流出 n.流動(dòng)；流量流動(dòng)；流量20. _ bend n.彎；拐角彎；拐角 vt.(bent, bent)使彎曲使彎曲 vi.彎身；彎腰彎身；彎腰forecastviewflow bendB 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ) 寫(xiě)出下列短語(yǔ)的中文或英文。寫(xiě)出下列短語(yǔ)的中文或英文。1. _下決心；決定下決心；決定2. _ 在午夜在午夜 3. _ 投降；屈服；讓步投降；

9、屈服；讓步4. _ 照常照常 5. _ 喜愛(ài)；喜歡喜愛(ài)；喜歡6. _ 關(guān)心；憂(yōu)慮；惦念關(guān)心；憂(yōu)慮；惦念7. _ 改變主意改變主意8. so far_9. for one thing for another_10. persuade sb. to do sth. _make up ones mindat midnightgive inbe fond of care about as usualchange ones mind到目前為止到目前為止一方面一方面另一方面另一方面說(shuō)服說(shuō)服(勸服勸服)某人做某事某人做某事二二 詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)換詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)換用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

10、1. The _ (advantage) of the material is that it fades in strong sunlight.2. This young woman who is wearing a red _ (wool) scarf is his step-mother. 3. Mrs. Wan joined a voluntary _ (organize) which helps disabled people with their transport needs.disadvantagewool(l)enorganization二二 詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)換詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)換用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞

11、的適當(dāng)形式填空。用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。4. He was _ (determine) that the same mistakes would not be repeated.5. Parents may be able to express a _ (prefer) as to the school their child will attend.determinedpreference 三三 詞語(yǔ)活用詞語(yǔ)活用-連詞填空連詞填空 在下列各句的空白處填入適當(dāng)在下列各句的空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞。的連詞。1. The shop doesnt open until 11 a.m., _ it

12、 loses a lot of business.2. _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.3. Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. soWhile before三三 詞語(yǔ)活用詞語(yǔ)活用-連詞填空連詞填空 在下列各句的空白處填入適當(dāng)在下列各句的空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞。的連詞。4. You can eat food free in my res

13、taurant _ you like.5. _ regular exercise is very important, its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime. （2011年天津卷第年天津卷第 5題）題）whenever Though/Although/While 四四 語(yǔ)法填空（關(guān)聯(lián)單元話(huà)題）語(yǔ)法填空（關(guān)聯(lián)單元話(huà)題） 閱讀下面短文，按照句閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形

14、式填空。Several months before our trip, Wang Wei and I went to the library. We found a large atlas with good maps 1 showed details of world geography. From 2 atlas we could see that the Mekong River begins in a glacier on a Tibetan mountain. At first the river is small 3 the water is clear and cold. tha

15、t the andThen it begins to move 4 (quick). It becomes rapids as it passes 5 deep valleys, 6 (travel) across western Yunnan Province. Sometimes the river becomes a water fall and enters wide valleys. We 7 (be) both surprised to learn that half of the river is in China. After it 8 (leave) China and hi

16、gh altitude, the Mekong becomes wide, brown and warm. As it enters Southeast Asia, 9 pace slows. It makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains 10 rice grows. At last, the river delta enters the South China Sea.quickly throughtravelling were leaves itswhere一 核心單詞1. transport trnsp

17、:t; trnsp:t n. 運(yùn)送；運(yùn)輸vt. 轉(zhuǎn)送；運(yùn)輸拓展 _ n. （美）運(yùn)輸; 運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)；交通工具 = （英）_運(yùn)用 完成句子：(1) 該公司將負(fù)責(zé)運(yùn)送。_ will be supplied by the company. (2 ) 昨天他們用卡車(chē)把磚頭運(yùn)到了工廠(chǎng)。 They _ the bricks to the factory in a lorry. transportationtransportTransportation/ Transport transported2. prefer prif: (-rr-) vt. 寧愿, 更喜歡；選擇某事物；（而不選擇其他事物）派生 _ p

18、refrns n. 偏愛(ài)，傾向；優(yōu)先權(quán)搭配 prefer sb. to do sth. 寧愿某人做某事 prefer (doing) sth. (to) doing sth. else = (would) prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. = would/had rather do sth. than do sth. else寧愿做某事而不愿做另外一件某事preference運(yùn)用 完成句子。(1) 當(dāng)時(shí)他們寧愿她不跟他們?nèi)?。They _ with them at that time. (2) 我寧愿打網(wǎng)球而不愿游泳。I had rather_ tenn

19、is than swim. = I prefer to play tennis _ swim. = I prefer _ tennis _.(3) 我寧愿明天去，不愿今天去。I _ tomorrow _ today. = I _/_ tomorrow_/_ (go) today.preferred her not to goplay rather thanplayingto swimmingprefer goingto goingwould rather gowould prefer to gothan rather than3. persuade psweid vt. 說(shuō)服，勸服；使相信提示

20、persuade暗示說(shuō)服成功。如果勸而不服則用advise/ try to persuade 搭配persuade sb. to do sth. = persuade sb. into doing sth. 說(shuō)服某人做某事 persuade sb. not to do sth. = persuade sb. out of doing sth. 說(shuō)服某人不做某事 persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 be persuaded that. 相信，認(rèn)為不錯(cuò)運(yùn)用 完成句子。(1) 他說(shuō)服了一些人隨他一塊兒返回到格陵蘭島。 He _ some people _ back with h

21、im to Greenland.(2) 他已使我相信這是真的。 He _ me _ its truth.(3) 我堅(jiān)信事實(shí)就是這樣。I _ that such is the fact.persuaded to go/into going has persuadedofam firmly persuaded4. graduate rdut, rdjueit vi. 畢業(yè) vt. 有畢業(yè)生 n. 大學(xué)畢業(yè)生派生graduation n. 畢業(yè) 搭配 說(shuō)出下列各詞組的中文意思。 after graduation _ graduate from Zhongshan University _ gradu

22、ate in chemistry at Wuhan University _ 畢業(yè)之后畢業(yè)之后畢業(yè)于中山大學(xué)畢業(yè)于中山大學(xué)畢業(yè)于武漢大學(xué)化學(xué)系畢業(yè)于武漢大學(xué)化學(xué)系運(yùn)用 完成句子。(1) 2002年她牛津大學(xué)畢業(yè)。She _ Oxford in 2002. (2) 那個(gè)大學(xué)去年有300名學(xué)生畢業(yè)。The university _ last year. (3) 畢業(yè)后他便去工作了。_, he went to work. graduated from graduated 300 studentsAfter graduation5. schedule edju:l, skedu:l, n. 時(shí)間表；進(jìn)

23、度表 vt. 為某事安排時(shí)間搭配 根據(jù)中文意思填入適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。 _ schedule按預(yù)定時(shí)間, 按時(shí) _schedule提前 _schedule晚點(diǎn)onahead ofbehind 運(yùn)用 完成句子。(1) 我們工人都按照時(shí)間表作息。We workers study and rest _ . (2) 我們的日程安排中要做的下一件事是去野炊。The next thing _is to go out on a picnic. (3) 那位音樂(lè)家定于星期五夜晚舉行音樂(lè)晚會(huì)。The musician _ hold a concert on Friday night.according to sched

24、uleson our scheduleis scheduled to二 核心詞組1. care about 關(guān)心；憂(yōu)慮；惦念聯(lián)想 care for照顧，照料(= look after)；喜歡(=like) take care保重；小心，當(dāng)心 take care of (= look after) 照顧，照料運(yùn)用 用上述短語(yǔ)填空。(1) I dont _ what you think, but Im certain he is right. care about 二 核心詞組(2) He studies abroad, which makes me _ his safety and health

25、 every day.(3) I wonder whether they _us all to go there. (4) The sick must _, or its difficult and slow for them to get better.(5) _ you dont hurt yourself.care aboutwill care for be cared for/be taken care of Take care2. give in (to sb./sth.)向屈服；投降；讓步；上交運(yùn)用 用give in的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子。(1) He would rather d

26、ie than _ the enemy. (2) Please _ your essays now, said the teacher. 聯(lián)想 根據(jù)中文意思填上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞。 give _停止，放棄 give _發(fā)出（光、熱、氣味等） give _泄露；贈(zèng)送 give _用完，耗盡（無(wú)被動(dòng)態(tài)）; 分發(fā)，散發(fā)give in togive inupoffawayout3. make up ones mind下決心；決定理解make up ones mind = make ones mind up，其中ones的單復(fù)數(shù)隨著其邏輯主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)的變化而變化。搭配 make up ones mind

27、to do sth. 下決心做某事(=become very determined to do something); 決定做某事 (=decide to do sth.) make up ones mind about sth. 關(guān)于某事作出決定 make up ones mind that下決心/決定做某事運(yùn)用 根據(jù)中文意思，完成英文句子。(1) 關(guān)于如何使用那筆錢(qián)，他們還沒(méi)有作出決定。 They havent _ about what to do with the money yet.(2) 我兩年前已下定決心我永不結(jié)婚。I _ two years ago that I would ne

28、ver get married.(3) 她決定寫(xiě)信而不打電話(huà)。She _ to write rather than telephone.made up their mindmade up my mindmade up her mind聯(lián)想 填上適當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞，完成短語(yǔ)。_ sth. in mind 牢記（心間）_ ones mind改變主意 _ ones mind直言不諱，坦率地說(shuō) _ ones mind看出某人的心思 keepchangespeakread4. no matter how 無(wú)論如何；無(wú)論多么用法no matter how后接形容詞或副詞，只引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。however作連接副

29、詞時(shí)，表示“無(wú)論如何；無(wú)論多么”， 與no matter how相當(dāng)，后接形容詞或副詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。however“可是，然而”，位于句首時(shí)其后要求用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，位于句中時(shí)其前、后均要求用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。運(yùn)用 用however/no matter how填空。(1) He wont win, _ hard he tries. (2) I want to go to the party, _, I have no transport.(3) You should try to get a good nights sleep _ much work you have to do. however/n

30、o matter howhoweverhowever/no matter how5. ever since 自從；從那以后用法 (1) ever since通常可位于句首，表示“自從直到現(xiàn)在”；主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，ever since從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。(2) 副詞短語(yǔ)ever since可位于句末，表示從“在上文有所交代或是聽(tīng)話(huà)者知道的那個(gè)時(shí)間起一直到現(xiàn)在”，即“從那時(shí)起一直到現(xiàn)在”，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。寫(xiě)作運(yùn)用 翻譯句子。(1) 自從1990年廣州大學(xué)畢業(yè)以來(lái)他一直堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。_(2) 自他離開(kāi)以后，我一直未收到他的信。_ He has been keeping studyi

31、ng English ever since he graduated from Guangzhou university in 1990.Ive never got any letter from him ever since he left三 經(jīng)典句型提煉1. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. (P18)【譯文】正是我的姐姐首先想到沿湄公河從源頭到終點(diǎn)騎車(chē)旅游。【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】這是一個(gè)含兩個(gè)從句的

32、強(qiáng)調(diào)句：It was who，主句的主語(yǔ)是_, 謂語(yǔ)是_, 賓語(yǔ)是_；因?yàn)榇司浔粡?qiáng)調(diào)部分_是“_”并且作_，故可以用who代替_。where it begins和where it ends分別充當(dāng)介詞from和to的_從句?！揪涿}】It was who from where to where my sisterhadthe ideamy sister人人主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)that賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)2. Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly

33、. (P22)【譯文】雖然她不知道到達(dá)一些地方的最佳路線(xiàn)，但是她卻堅(jiān)持要求自己把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。Although引導(dǎo)的是_從句，主句中含有that引導(dǎo)的_從句。insist“堅(jiān)持要求”， 其后的賓語(yǔ)從句常用_語(yǔ)氣，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式是：should + _， 其中的should可以_?！揪涿}】Although , insist that主語(yǔ) (should) + 動(dòng)詞原形。 讓步狀語(yǔ)讓步狀語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)虛擬虛擬動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形省略省略3. When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would

34、be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.當(dāng)我告訴她那會(huì)呼吸困難而且空氣很冷時(shí)，她說(shuō)那將是一次令人愉快的經(jīng)歷。(P18)【句型】主語(yǔ) + be + adj. + to do 【用法】該句型中，主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞不定式(作程度狀語(yǔ))之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，但是要求用動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。常用于該句型的形容詞有easy, hard, difficult, heavy, fit, interesting, pleasant, comfortable等?！痉聦?xiě)】當(dāng)他聽(tīng)說(shuō)這個(gè)箱子搬起來(lái)很重并且樓層很高時(shí)，他說(shuō)他將幫助我把箱子搬到

35、樓上。 _When he heard the box was heavy to carry and the road was so far, he said he would help me carry it upstairs; 4. It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, travelling across western Yunnan Province. 它（瀾滄江或湄公河）穿過(guò)山谷時(shí)就變成了急流，流經(jīng)云南西部。(P18)【句型】-ing作伴隨狀語(yǔ)?！痉聦?xiě)】(1) 火車(chē)離站時(shí)，他揮著手，表示再見(jiàn)。 _ (2) 背著背包，他離

36、家前往學(xué)校。 _Carrying his backpack, he left for school. He waved as the train was leaving the station, expressing goodbye.5. We can hardly wait to see them. 我們迫不及待地要見(jiàn)到他們。(P22)【句型】can not/hardly wait to do sth. 迫不及待地要做某事?！痉聦?xiě)】（1）在你走后不久，我就迫不及待地想收到你的來(lái)信。 _ (2) 熟悉Tyson博士以后，我就迫不及待地想進(jìn)入他的實(shí)驗(yàn)室。 _Soon after you went

37、, I couldnt wait to hear from you. After getting familiar with Dr. Tyson, I couldnt wait to enter his labu語(yǔ)法填空三、給提示的空格與不給提示的空格語(yǔ)法填空中的空格分為兩大類(lèi)：一類(lèi)是用括號(hào)給出提示詞，另一類(lèi)是不給任何提示。給出的提示詞通常都是實(shí)詞（名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞），涉及詞形變換、謂語(yǔ)和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式；不給任何提示的空格通常要求填入功能詞，包括冠詞、代詞、介詞、連詞、功能性副詞。題目要求“根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空”

38、。注意：填入空格的是一個(gè)語(yǔ)法意義單位，而沒(méi)有限定只用一個(gè)詞。語(yǔ)境中如果要填入謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞會(huì)涉及時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、主謂一致，有時(shí)候就不止一個(gè)詞了，但它仍然是一個(gè)完整的語(yǔ)法意義單位。例如：Experiments of this kind_（conduct）in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. 這里應(yīng)該填入謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“had been conducted”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)完整的語(yǔ)法意義單位。技巧演練語(yǔ)法填空。 閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。（廣東六

39、校聯(lián)合體2011-2012學(xué)年度聯(lián)合考試）The hostess was to have a party and entertain guests at home. She busied herself so early in the morning, cleaning the house. She was so tired _26_ she felt pain in her waist and on the back. Drops of sweat fell from her forehead. She did not finish cleaning the house _27_ dusk.

40、 that 句子中有兩套主謂系統(tǒng)，這里要填連詞。根據(jù)句子的意義，so.that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。until/till 介詞加后面的名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)，在句子中作狀語(yǔ)。表示“直到.才”用 not .until.。_28_(look) at the clean and tidy drawing room, she released a sigh with a smile on her face. The guests were coming! Entering the drawing room, they_29_(attract) by the fresh flowers. Surprisingly

41、 pleased, they cheered in praise, Oh, what beautiful flowers!How colorful and fragrant!Just a look at it, and life is full of pleasure!Then they went on to express their thanks _30_ the hostess for her _31_(delicate) arranged flowers.delicately 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這里要用副詞修飾過(guò)去分詞arranged。to 沒(méi)給提示，用用功能詞，向某人表示感激或感謝用ex

42、press ones thanks to sb。were attracted 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，句中缺少謂語(yǔ)部分，這里表示“客人被鮮花吸引住了”，故要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。looking 句子中已經(jīng)有了完整的一套主謂系統(tǒng)，這里要用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。looking為現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。With an embarrassed smile, the hostess said, I am glad you like it. Thank you for your praise. I was _32_ bit surprised about it. I _33_ make detailed arrangement for y

43、our honor. I was busy the whole day cleaning and mopping. As to the flowers in the vase, it is a piece of cake. I did it by just lifting my hand. Now you are _34_(aware) of my hard work and praise _35_highly for my easiest effort. It is beyond my expectation. a 考冠詞的用法。 “有點(diǎn)”用a bit或a little。did 考助動(dòng)詞的用

44、法。助動(dòng)詞do的形式放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，表示“的確、確實(shí)”之意。unaware 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格地方缺少表語(yǔ)，要用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意，這里是指客人沒(méi)有注意到她的辛勞。 me 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，動(dòng)詞praise后缺少賓語(yǔ)，又沒(méi)給任何提示，所以要填代詞。根據(jù)句子的意義，這里 填me。遣 詞用詞達(dá)意多數(shù)同學(xué)在寫(xiě)作的時(shí)候往往采取逐字逐句翻譯的方式，類(lèi)似于把字典的英文單詞意義與中文句子掛鉤，一一映射到英語(yǔ)譯文，結(jié)果造成詞不達(dá)意，意義歪曲。探究其原因，主要是由于兩種語(yǔ)言詞義差異引起的。這種差異主要有三種情況：類(lèi)別英文中文差異意義相同boy男孩中英意義相同girl女孩中英意義相同husband 丈夫

45、中英意義相同意義相似有不同ambitious雄心勃勃（褒義詞）在漢語(yǔ)常常被誤解為貶義詞“野心勃勃”conservative保守的（褒義詞）在漢語(yǔ)常常被誤解為貶義詞peasant （因懶惰而破產(chǎn)的）自耕農(nóng)（貶義詞）。其實(shí)farmer才是褒義詞。在漢語(yǔ)被認(rèn)為是褒義詞。貌合神離busy body愛(ài)管閑事的人不是“大忙人”homesick（心里）想家了不是“在家病了”high school美國(guó)的中學(xué)不是“高等學(xué)?！眛o eat ones word收回說(shuō)過(guò)的話(huà)不是“自食其言”brothel 青樓;妓院不是“a green tower”因此，用詞達(dá)意的途徑是：第一，字典功夫不可少。我們建議中學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)使用英

46、英詞典，至少是牛津或朗文的雙解英語(yǔ)詞典。英漢字典的解釋不可避免具有局限性甚至誤導(dǎo)性，只有英英詞典才能夠真正說(shuō)清一個(gè)詞的意義。第二，使用具有清晰無(wú)誤的單詞與正確的邏輯。如果對(duì)詞的意義不了解，就必須查閱字典或者請(qǐng)教他人。在使用中學(xué)習(xí)，不斷地深化、掌握詞義。舉例說(shuō)明如下：1. 發(fā)展中國(guó)家需要行動(dòng)起來(lái)參與CO2減排活動(dòng)。The developing countries are required to join the activity of decreasing the CO2 emission.這個(gè)句子中的“join”是指參加一個(gè)組織機(jī)構(gòu)，參加活動(dòng)應(yīng)該更改為“take part in”。 “減排”的

47、意義不僅僅是“降低（decrease）”，而是在預(yù)算中有計(jì)劃減少，用cut更加準(zhǔn)確。因此，句子應(yīng)該改為：The developing countries are required to take part in the activity of cutting the CO2 emission. 2. 他們把傷員送到醫(yī)院去治病。They sent the injured patient to the hospital to cure him. 這個(gè)句子中的“cure”是指疾病治愈好了，傷員送到醫(yī)院怎么能夠馬上治好呢？更改為“treat”，表示治療。因此，句子改為：They sent the injured patient to the hospital for treatment. 即時(shí)演練：更正下面句子中詞不達(dá)意的錯(cuò)誤。(難度大的單詞錯(cuò)誤已經(jīng)劃線(xiàn))1. They suspected that such a young child could not travel so far on a bike. （有人懷疑這些小的男孩不能夠騎自行車(chē)走這么遠(yuǎn)。）2. We should be careful in the military training. （我們要認(rèn)真參加軍訓(xùn)。）3. We ar