2019屆高考英語二輪題海特訓(xùn)：書面表達(dá)-概要寫作二

1、2019屆高考英語二輪題海特訓(xùn)：書面表達(dá)一概要寫作二-CAL-FENGHAI-(2O2OYEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN書而表達(dá)-概要寫作二1、讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Haagen-Dazs（哈根達(dá)斯雪糕）from Europe started in 1989 and is 5-10 times more expensive than regular ice cream.There is no real advantage.However, it adopted a unique marketing strategy, and quickly occupied

2、 the market as a top ice cream brand.Haagen-Dazs did not set up shops in ordinary supermarkets or grocery stores. Haggen-Dazs leisure fashion shops are located in busy sections of malls.The layout is carefully planned to create an elegant atmosphere, and sometimes, a flagship（旗艦）store will cost seve

3、ral million dollars.Compared to other ice cream brands, Haagen-Dazs consumers are tightly grouped.lt is understood that Haagen-Dazs seldom does television advertising.The majority of ads are highly visual impact of the print ads.ln particular many advertisements target the wealthy consumers. Moreove

4、r, if the consumer spends 500 Yuan, they can become a member. These members will be regularly sent advertisements by direct mail.Praise of customers is a powerful weapon for Haagen Dazs.There is always much creative ingenuity（獨(dú)出41、裁）in Haagen-Dazs advertising, so it is remembered by the pubic. Initi

5、al advertisements such as: "Delicious Haagen-Dazs, like 24K gold, Kobe beef from Japan, original palm oil, mushroom trufflesand Chinese ceramics.what 'ice cream* was waiting for.11 "love her, let her eat Haagen-Dazs" This classic advertisement attracted numerous Haagen-Dazs lovers

6、 who became regulars.Today, Haggen Dazs has about 700 stores in 55 countries with annual sales of more than 1 billion US dollars.Haagen-Dazs has become the world's most popular ice cream brand.In the United States, its market share is 6.1%, l%in France, 4.6% in Japan, 4% in Singapore, and 5% in

7、Hong Kong.Determined to win the majority of wealthy customers they combined positioning in the marketplace with dedicated brand goals.This is the real secret of success.2、讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。In the second half of each year, many powerful stonns are born in the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean se

8、as. Of these, only about half a dozen become the strong, circling winds of 75 miles per hour or more that are called hurricanes, and several usually make their way to the coasts. There they cause millions of dollars of damage, and bring death to large numbers of people.The great storms that hit the

9、coast start as soft circling winds,hundreds-even thousands-of miles out to sea. As they travel aimlessly over water wanned by the summer sun, they are carried westward by the trade winds.（信風(fēng)，又稱貿(mào)易風(fēng)，指的是在低空從副熱帶高壓帶吹向赤道低氣 壓帶的風(fēng)。）When conditions are just right, warm, moist air flows in at the bottom of suc

10、h a wind, moves upward through it and comes out at the top. In the process, the moisture in this warm air produces rain, and with it the heat is changed to energy in the form of strong winds. As the heat increases,the young hurricane begins to move in a counter-clockwise motion （逆時(shí)針運(yùn)動(dòng)）.The average l

11、ife of a hunicane is only about nine days, but it contains almost more power than we can imagine. The energy in the heat released by a hurricane's rainfall in a single day would satisfy the entire electrical needs of the United States for more than six months.Water, not wind, is the main source

12、of death and destruction in a hurricane. A typical hurricane brings 6 to 12 inch downpours, resulting in sudden floods. Worst of all is the powerful movement of the sea-the mountains of water moving toward the low-pressure hurricane center. The water level rises as much as 15 feet above normal as it

13、 moves toward shore.3、讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。When someone is happy, can you smell it You can usually tell when someone is happy based on seeing them smile, hearing them laugh or perhaps from receiving a big hug. But can you also smell their happiness Surprising new research suggests that happiness

14、 does indeed have a scent （氣味）,and that the experience of happiness can be transmitted through smell reports Phys. org.For the study J 2 young men were shown videos meant to bring about a variety of emotions while researchers gathered sweat samples from them. All of the men were healthy and none of

15、them were drug users or smokers, and all were asked to abstain from drinking or eating smelly foods during ihe study period.Those sweat samples were then given to 36 equally healthy young women to smell, while researchers monitored their reactions. Only women were selected to smell the samples, appa

16、rently because previous research has shown that women have a better sense of smell than men and are also more sensitive to emotional signaling-though its unclear why only men were chosen to produce the scents.Researchers found that the behavior of the women after smelling the scents - particularly t

17、heir facial expressions-indicated a relationship between the emotional states of the men who produced the sweat and the women who sniffed them."Human sweat produced when a person is happy brings about a state similar to happiness in somebody who breathes this smell/ said study co-author Gun Sem

18、in, a professor at Koc University in Turkey. This is a fascinating finding because it not only means that happiness does have a scent, hut that the scent is capable of transmitting the emotion to others. The study also found that other emotions, such as fear, seem to cam a scent too. This matches pr

19、evious research suggesting that some negative emotions have a smelL hut it is the first time this has proved to be true of positive feelings.Researchers have yet to isolate（分離）exactly what the chemical compound for the happiness smell is, but you might imagine what the potential applications for suc

20、h a finding could be. Happiness perfumes, for instance, could be invented. Scent therapies （香味療法）could also be developed to help people through depression or anxiety.Perhaps the most surprising result of the study, however, is our broadened understanding of how emotions get communicated, and also ho

21、w our own emotions are potentially managed through our social context and the emotional states of those around us.4、讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容的概要。As most children return to school, many rich families are choosing to pull their children out of die niamstreain education system altogetlier in fhvor of havi

22、ng a tutor at home. "Around 50 percent of the inquiries we're gettmg at the moment are for long-term. daily home tutoring, said Steve Spriggs, managing director of London-based private tutoring service. And. he added. the trend has grown from families asking for personal tutors to copy the

23、classroom environment in their own homes. Many families that were making the inquiries for full-time home tutors, Spriggs said, "were either traveUiiig so frequently that sending tlieir children to one school was impractical and others did not want their children to go into boarding school.MHom

24、e tutoring is nothing new, and many tuition firms also offer extra tutoring services to families wanting their children to have a little extra help learning ahead of entrance exams at competitive private schools in the UK. such as Harrow, St. Pauls or Eton.MWe always make it clear to parents that we

25、 will only offer full-time home schooling for a year thoughSpriggs explamed. "Aliy more than a year and children start to lose out on what a school environment can give them, such as social skills and the vital interaction they need-although we try to avoid that anyway in our home tutoring with

26、 sports clubs or museum trips as part of the teaching program.*Spriggs would not tell the salary region of tutors, but said that the costs of hiring a fulltime tutor would be more than the fees of a top boarding school, which usually charges around S54,400 a year. Some families employ two full-time

27、tutors, one to cover humanities（人文學(xué)科）and the other to cover science and maths. Devising an educational plan for youngsters in these situations is not a quick process, however. Spriggs said, with a tutor being matched to the child to ensure they are compatible（能共處的）.5、讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Adverti

28、sing plays a major role in the competitive business world. Many industries take advantage of the power of advertising to attract or to win customers away from their business competitors. The influence of advertising is so huge that it causes many people to buy things that they do not want at the sta

29、rt.Advertising encourages people to buy things they do not want through misleading ideas. Advertising is proven to be a successful tool to stress the features of their product to the public even though it's regarded undesirable such as cigarettes, drugs, alcohols and so on. For example,Dunhill.a

30、 cigarette company which sponsors many football teams, seems to be promoting cigarettes to the public. Without the sponsorshipjhe company will be less known to the public, resulting in fewer sales of cigarettes.Besides that, advertising has a large influence on the decisions made by the people in th

31、eir everyday life. Many businesses use advertising as a form of promotion to create awareness about their product in the market. For instance, in a fast food industry, the introduction of a new flavor of burger needs advertising to reach the public while the other burgers require advertising to incr

32、ease sales. Children, especially, are easily influenced by advertisements and will have the desire to dine at fast food restaurants after that. Although fast food is bad for health, it has successfully become attractive to the public through advertising.However, advertising plays a part in helping c

33、ustomers to compare a product in terms of price, quality, reliability and so on. Without advertising, it will be very difficult for customers to judge the worthiness of a product. For example, advertisements published by various companies have given the customers the opportunity to choose wisely whe

34、n buying an item. Without the power of advertising, customers will be stuck to a brand which may not offer the best choice.6、讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。With global warming and melting ice, it isn't easy being a polar bear any more. Some studies have predicted that polar bears could die out by the

35、end of the century. The good news is not all researchers think the bears are absolutely disappearing. Scientists at the American Museum of Natural History(AMNH) have published a new paper indicating that things might not be as bad for polar bears as some scientists expect.To understand the reason fo

36、r the researchers cautious optimism. we must first understand the factors that are threatening the polar bear's existence. Polar bears consume a diet of mainly young seals. In order to hunt these seals, polar bears need to rest at the top of sea ice the same ice that is increasingly melting for

37、most of the year thanks to climate change. In another 50 years, experts expect that the Arctic will be too warm for sea ice to form for half of the year, leaving polar bears without a reliable food source and in serious danger of starvation.As it turns out, alternative food sources for the polar bea

38、rs aren't completely out of the question. For as long as biologists have tailed after the animals, they've seen polar bears eating animals found on land like caribou(馴鹿)and snow geeseas well as die snow geese's eggs.Can polar bears actually survive off these alternative food sources for

39、long periods of time To figure this out, researchers calculated the nutrients that a caribou and snow geese diet would provide. They found that even adult male polar bears would be able to obtain more calories than would burn in hunting these meals. Moreover.the food would provide the food necessary

40、 to avoid starvation during the summer months.Unfortunately, not all polar bears have tended to seek food on land. That said, the researchers expect that necessity would push more polar bears to hunt on land to avoid starvation. They also expect that the bears could learn from their fellow bears how

41、 to hunt on land until the practice becomes second nature.7、讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。A vegetarian diet is often praised for its health benefits. Studies have shown that vegetarians usually have lower levels of heart disease and a lower risk of diabetes than people who eat meat. What most people are

42、less aware of, however, are the effects that a vegetarian diet can have on the environment.Researchers from the Union of Concerned Scientists in the US recently studied how consumer behavior affects the environment. The study showed that meat consumption is one of the main ways that humans can damag

43、e the environment, second only to the use of motor vehicle.Then, how can eating meat have a negative effect on the environment For a start, all farm animals such as cows, pigs, and sheep give off methane （沼氣）gas by expelling （用£ 出）wind from their bodies. One cow can produce up to 60 liters of m

44、ethane each day. Methane gas is the second most common greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. Many environmental experts now believe that it is more responsible for global wanning than carbon dioxide. It is estimated that 25% of all methane released into the atmosphere comes from farm animals.Another

45、way that meat production affects the environment is through the use of water and land. 2,500 gallons of water are needed to produce one pound of beef, whereas 20 gallons of water are needed to produce one pound of wheat. One acre of farmland used for crop production can produce 40.000 pounds of pota

46、toes, 30.000 pounds of carrots, or 50.000 pounds of tomatoes.Many people now see the benefits of switching to a vegetarian diet, not just for health reasons, but also because it plays a vital role in protecting the environment. However, some nutritionists advise against switching to a totally strict

47、 vegetarian, or vegan diet. They believe a vegan diet, which excludes all products from animal sources, such as cheese, eggs, and milk, can be short of many necessary vitamins and minerals our bodies need.8、讀下而短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Have you ever wondered about people's names Where do they come f

48、rom What do they meanSome people give their children names tliat mean good tlimgs. Clara means "bright”; Beatrice means "one who gives happiness： Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means Mas brave as a lion The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with t

49、he name Brook or Brooks probably lived near a brook （小溪）.Someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long,paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.Other early surnames came from people's occupations. Tlie most common occupational name is Smith, which means a per

50、son who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village. Some other occupational names are: Carter a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter a person who made pots and pans.The ancestors（祖先）of the Baker family probably baked bread fo

51、r their neighbors in their native village. The Carpenters great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture.Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the

52、 John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John who was very tall could call himself John Tailman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.Some family names were made by adding something to the father's name. Engl

53、ish-speaking people added -s or -son. The Jolinsons are descendants of Jolin: the Roberts family's ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac- or Me- or O-, Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O'Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.答案以及解析1答案及解析: 答案

54、： Haagen-Dazs has become the most popular ice cream for its distinctive One reason is that its graceful-looking shops arc often situated in busy malls. Another factor lies in its print ads with an excellent visual effect exclusively targeting consumers with great purchasing power. Besides, the creat

55、ivity in the ads also creates an impressive image. In a word, it's persistence in adopting auniefue marketing strategy has contributed to the brand's worldwide popularity. 解析： 解題思路文章體裁:說明文文章大意:哈根達(dá)斯是最著名的雪糕品牌，它總坐落在繁華的地方。它幾乎不打電視廣告，但 在花500元成為他們的成員后，就會(huì)收到獨(dú)出心裁的廣告信息。獨(dú)特的商業(yè)經(jīng)營模式是哈根 達(dá)斯成功的秘訣所在。段落大意：1 .哈根

56、達(dá)斯是雪糕中最著名的品牌,因?yàn)樗捎昧霜?dú)一無二的市場(chǎng)策略；2 .哈根達(dá)斯的旗艦店總坐落在大型商場(chǎng)的繁華的區(qū)域.它的展示總給人優(yōu)雅的感覺；3 .哈根達(dá)斯幾乎不打電視廣告，但他們的會(huì)員會(huì)經(jīng)常收到哈根達(dá)斯具有視覺沖擊力的廣告信 息,顧客的贊譽(yù)是哈根達(dá)斯宣傳的有力工具；4 .各類別出心裁的廣告內(nèi)容；5 .（第5 6自然段）哈根達(dá)斯在各地的銷售情況以及哈根達(dá)斯成功的秘訣。簡(jiǎn)要點(diǎn)評(píng)該篇范文對(duì)原文理解準(zhǔn)確,高度概括了原文的全部要點(diǎn)，用自己的語言替換了原文中的表達(dá)， 如:用 distinctive 替換了原文的 unique,用 be situated 代替了原文的 be located,用 consumer

57、's with great purchasing power代替原文的wealthy consumers等。有效地使用了詞語間的連接 成分，如One reason. Another: besides; in a word等使文章的條理和思路更加清晰，結(jié)構(gòu)更加緊 湊。2答案及解析：答案：Hurricanes, born in the tropical seas, often lead to huge damage and many deaths. They start as soft winds, moving over warm water and carried westwards

58、by the trade winds. Conditions being suitable, they will become strong winds which move in a counter-clockwise motion and carry rain.Although lasting a very short time, hurricanes can release surprising energy. The floods and powerful movement they cause are the main reasons for death and destnictio

59、n. 解析： 解題思路 文章體裁:說明文 文章大意:該文章主要講述了龍卷風(fēng)的來源、產(chǎn)生過程及危害。 段落大意：1.龍卷風(fēng)的定義及主要危害地:每年下半年，龍卷風(fēng)會(huì)以各種形式對(duì)一些地區(qū)造成損失傷害； 2.龍卷風(fēng)由遠(yuǎn)離大陸的小型旋風(fēng)產(chǎn)生,然后被信風(fēng)帶向西大陸；3 .龍卷風(fēng)的形成運(yùn)動(dòng)方式:小風(fēng)由于潮濕溫暖的空氣條件而轉(zhuǎn)換成強(qiáng)風(fēng)，當(dāng)溫度上升時(shí)，進(jìn)而 逆時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn),形成龍卷風(fēng)；4 .強(qiáng)調(diào)了颶風(fēng)的強(qiáng)大能量:龍卷風(fēng)雖然只持續(xù)9天左右，但卻帶來了巨大的能量；5 .龍卷風(fēng)所帶來的危害主要是強(qiáng)降水引起的,6到12英尺的降水引發(fā)洪水，從而引發(fā)水位上 漲。簡(jiǎn)要點(diǎn)評(píng)本文作者簡(jiǎn)要概述了龍卷風(fēng)的來源、產(chǎn)生過程及危害。緊扣文章要點(diǎn)，并且能夠嫻熟地運(yùn)用 高級(jí)表達(dá)，如:born in the tropical seas過去分詞短語充當(dāng)后置定語:moving over warm water and carricdwestwards 非謂語動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)伴隨狀語;Conditions being suitable, they will become strong winds which move in a counterclockwise motion and carry rain.獨(dú)立