2012屆高中英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) M3 Unit 3　Back to the past精品學(xué)案 牛津譯林版

1、Unit 3Back to the past Module3熱點單詞1. civilize v. 使文明 civilized; adj. 文明的，開化的 civilization n. 文明；開化2. erupt vi. 爆發(fā) eruption n. 爆發(fā)3. fortune n. 運氣；財富 fortunate; adj. 幸運的； unfortunate; 不幸的 fortunately; adv. 幸運地； unfortunately不幸地4. archaeology n. 考古學(xué) archaeological; adj. 考古學(xué)的 archaeologist n. 考古學(xué)家5. wea

2、lth n. 財富 wealthy adj. 富有的merce n. 商業(yè) commercial; adj. 商業(yè)的 commercially adv. 在商業(yè)方面7.culture n. 文化 cultural; adj. 文化的 culturally adv. 在文化方面8.Swede n. 瑞典 Swedish adj. 瑞典的9.enormous adj. 巨大的 enormously adv. 極端地，非常 10.wood n. 木材；樹林 wooden; adj. 木質(zhì)的； wooded 種了樹的1. He promised that he would solve this pro

3、blem, but we haven't seen any sign of a good solution so far.2. These tribal people have no faith in our science and technology. They are still faithful believers of their ancient religious rituals(儀式) for good luck.3. She said she was thankful for the concerns we showed about her present condit

4、ion, but she wanted us to be no more concernedbecause things were improving.4. The major trouble we are in is that the majority of us are badly fed.5. The refinery exploded and the explosionshook the land where it had been built.6. The president declared that the war had come to an end and Japan'

5、;s declarationof its surrender(投降) to the Allies would soon come.7. We built this memorialto memorize those who have died for this nation.8. His mother, rather than his father, is the person who has influenced him most in his life. She was very influential in persuading him into taking up journalism

6、 as his life career.9.The working class should be united if they want to be powerful. And the only way to do this is to build independent trade unions(行業(yè)工會)10.Wool is still an important material for clothes. People around the world buy a lot of woolen clothes every year.11.Letters are not randomly p

7、ut together to form words. There are surely rules for word formation.根據(jù)中文填單詞完成句子，每空一詞(記憶時，用下列橫線上的新單詞造句記憶)1. 那個擔(dān)心的市民在文化研究所忠實地聽了那個瑞典共和國的皇帝關(guān)于考古文明的講座。 The concerned citizen faithfully attended the lecture on archaeological civilization given by the emperor of the Swedish Republic at the Cultural Institu

8、te .2. 剛下飛機的總統(tǒng)宣布，為了紀(jì)念那些為拯救羅馬帝國而在巨大的木制軍艦上戰(zhàn)斗中死去的士兵們建一座紀(jì)念館。 The president who had just got off the airplane declared that a memorial should be set up in memory of the soldiers who died in the fighting on the enormous military wooden battleship to save the Roman Empire.3. 不幸的是，那個有錢主管被埋的尸體在沙塵暴中漸漸地被毀壞了，他曾

9、是考古學(xué)家。 Unfortunately， the buried body of the wealthy director， the once archaeologist， was gradually destroyed in the sandstorm.4. 當(dāng)時日本主要的機場被炸彈炸毀了，貿(mào)易被中斷，羊毛商品賣不出去，結(jié)果全國處于惡劣的狀態(tài)之中。 At the time the major Japanese airports were exploded by bombs ， their trade being interrupted and their woolen goods being

10、 unable to be sold, resulting in the nation's worse condition.5. 一個明智的解決辦法就是，把漆罐、瓷器、雙筒望遠鏡、有影響力的詩歌、商業(yè)文件和材料保存在這個寺廟的作坊中。 One of the wise solutions is that we should keep the painted pots ， china ， binoculars ， influential poetry ， and commercial documents materials in the workshops of this temple.根

11、據(jù)中文寫出英文短語1. 奪??；接管 take over2. 處于廢墟中，是一片廢墟 be in ruins3. 處于良好的狀態(tài) be in good condition4. 找到的解決方法 find a solution to5. 對關(guān)心，為擔(dān)心 be concerned about6. 實施，執(zhí)行 carry out7. 在船上 on board8. 紀(jì)念 in memory of9. 使用中 in use10. 作為回報 in return11. 不再 no more12. 阻止做 preventfrom doing13. 聚焦于 focus on14. 導(dǎo)致，通向 lead to15.

12、屬于某人自己 of one's own 1.with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：with 名詞 介詞短語/v.­ed / v­ing /to do / adj. /adv. 在句中作狀語，也可作定語。2.It is hard to imagine！ “很難想象！” 結(jié)構(gòu)：It is/was adj. / n. to do sth. It為形式主語，不定式短語為真正主語。3.By 27BC, Rome had become “到，已經(jīng)成為?！本渲杏衎y 過去時間狀語(從句)時，謂語動詞用過去完成時。.同義轉(zhuǎn)換1.Unfortunately, all the people were bu

13、ried alive, and so was the city! Unfortunately, all the people were buried alive, and the city was buried alive，too.2. I was too tired to eat anything we were given. I was so tired that I couldn't eat anything that we were given.3.That didn't prevent the city from being buried by sand. That

14、didnt stop the city being buried by sand.4.The heat almost drove me crazy even though I was wearing very thin cotton trousers to keep me cool. The heat almost made me mad even if I was wearing very thin cotton trousers in order to keep me cool.5.By 27 BC, Rome had become an empire, which controlled

15、many parts of Europe. By 27 BC, Rome had turned empire. The empire controlled many parts of Europe.漢譯英由于首都也已經(jīng)被敵軍占領(lǐng)，這個國家就要承認(rèn)戰(zhàn)敗了。(with; admit loss of the war) With the capital city taken over by the enemy, the country would soon admit loss of the war.2. 隨著經(jīng)濟的穩(wěn)步增長，越來越多的就業(yè)崗位(job)也出現(xiàn)了。(with; create) With

16、 the economy steadily growing, more and more jobs are created.3. 整個鎮(zhèn)子一片狼藉，重建需要至少5年時間。(with; take) With the town in a total mess, it will take at least five years to rebuild it.4. 到晚上9點的時候，大樓已經(jīng)完全被燒掉了，只剩下兩個大石柱(stone pillar)。(by; burn; with) By 9 pm., the whole building had been burnt up, with only two

17、 big stone pillars remaining / left.1、辨析 remain, stayremain與stay表示“留下，繼續(xù)保持某一狀態(tài)”時，常作連系動詞，可以互換，其后接名詞、形容詞、介詞短語等作表語。(2)當(dāng)表示“剩下”(即其余的一切都被拿走、除去、破壞等)，通常只用remain而不用stay。(3)當(dāng)表示“在某處或在某處住下”時，常用stay而不用remain。(4)remains n(常用復(fù)數(shù))所剩下的，遺留下的東西He stayed / remained outside while we entered the room. 他留在外面，我們進了屋子。What re

18、mains of the orginal art collection is now in the city museum. 原來的藝術(shù)收藏品剩下來的現(xiàn)在都在市博物館里。He wants to stay_with_a_friend in the country for a week. 他想和一個朋友在鄉(xiāng)下待一個星期。The_remains_of_the_meal are in the fridge. 剩下的飯菜在冰箱里。With only 20 dollars remaining in his wallet, he couldn't order even a decent supper

19、. 錢包里只剩下20美元了，他連一份像樣的晚餐也買不了。Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop. A. seated B. seatingC. to seat D. seatA 句意：女士們，先生們，請在飛機完全停下來之后再離開座位。考查非謂語動詞作表語。remain“仍然是，保持不變”，是連系動詞，后接不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動作，seat是及物動詞，“使某人就座”為seat oneself，故用過去分詞作表語。2、protect vt.保護(使不受的影響或破壞)。其常用句

20、型為：protectfrom / against， from / against后接能帶來傷害或損害之物。He wore a pair of sunglasses to protect his eyes (from / against) strong light. 他戴上太陽鏡以保護他的眼睛不受強光影響。In this shelter, the injured birds are_protected_from human hunting. 在這個棲身之處，受傷的鳥兒們不會受到人類的獵殺。At minus 130, a living cell can be _ for a thousand ye

21、ars. A. spared B. protectedC. preserved D. developedC 句意：在-130，一個活細(xì)胞可以保存1000年?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。A抽出；B保護；C保護，保存；D發(fā)展，研制。根據(jù)句意選C。3、 influence v. 影響,感化 n. 影響力,感化力,勢力,權(quán)勢,為不可數(shù)名詞。Don't let me influence_your_decision. 不要讓我影響你的決定。Listening to the music has a calming influence on her. 聽音樂對她起了一種鎮(zhèn)靜的作用。According to Fr

22、eud, one's childhood experience will have_a_huge_influence_on their ideas of life when they are adults. 根據(jù)弗洛伊德的說法，一個人年少時的經(jīng)歷會對其成年后的思想產(chǎn)生很大影響。have a good / badinfluence on / upon / over 對有好的/壞的影響 under the influence of 受的影響 influence sb. (to do sth.) 支配/左右某人做某事 表示“對有影響”還可以用： affect / influence; hav

23、eeffect on / upon 但要注意,強調(diào)“因果關(guān)系”時,用cause and effect。China has got a good _ for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization. A. reputation B. influenceC. impression D. knowledgeA 句意：在抗擊流感中，中國以細(xì)心和順利的組織而獲得良好的聲譽?？疾槊~詞義辨析。A聲譽；B影響；C印象；D知識。注意它們與介詞的搭配，havereputation for，have influence o

24、n，make an impression on，have a good knowledge of。1、be in use (機器、場所等)在使用中Seriously damaged, the bridge is no longer in use. 因受到嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞,這座橋不再使用了。The new version of this dictionary is not in use yet. 這本字典的新版本還未通行。(1)與名詞use相關(guān)的短語還有：come into use 開始存在;開始被使用be no use (to sb.)/be of no use 無用put sth. to good

25、use 有效使用/利用make use of 利用(2)in +抽象名詞構(gòu)成的短語還有：in turn 輪流地，反過來;in vain徒勞無功地; in addition除此之外;in return作為回報。The library of our school, which contains books of all kinds from home and abroad, _ for almost 100 years.A. is in use B. has been in useC. in for use D. has been for useB 表示“在使用中”用be in use, 根據(jù)句中

26、的時間狀語for almost 100 years, 可知需要用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。2、 take over 接管，接替，接任When she fell ill her daughter took_over the business from her. 她生病時她女兒接管了她的生意。Mr. Collins will take over my duties for a week after I leave. 在我離開后柯林斯先生將接替我的工作一個星期。After the UK ruled Hong Kong for 100 years, China took_over_this_area,_which

27、 was already an international financial center. 英國統(tǒng)治了香港100年后，中國接管了這個已經(jīng)成為一個國際金融中心的地區(qū)。與take相關(guān)的短語有：take after sb. 與某人在性格或相貌上相似take off 脫去(衣服)；起飛；(理念，產(chǎn)品等)成功take on 承擔(dān)(工作、責(zé)任等)；呈現(xiàn)；雇傭，聘用take up 開始從事(某工作或愛好)；占(時間、場所等)take in 吸收；理解；領(lǐng)會；欺騙take back 收回；退回(事物)Einstein liked Boses paper so much that he _ his own

28、work and translated it into German.A. gave off B. turned downC. took over D. set asideD 句意：Einstein非常喜歡Bose的論文，便把自己的工作置于一旁，把論文翻譯成德語。考查動詞短語辨析。A發(fā)出；B拒絕，調(diào)低；C接管；D不顧，把置于一旁。根據(jù)句意選D。3、 turn to變成(=turn into);轉(zhuǎn)向;翻到;求助于Their amusement turned to horror when they realized what had happened.當(dāng)他們意識到發(fā)生了什么事情時，他們的愉悅變成了

29、恐慌。The girl always turns to her mother when in trouble.這個女孩遇到困境時，總是向她媽媽求助。turn 的相關(guān)短語：turn on 打開，發(fā)動turn off 關(guān)閉，完成turn up 出現(xiàn)，調(diào)大turn down 關(guān)小，拒絕turn away 拒絕，避開，走開，轉(zhuǎn)身turn in 上交，退還，向內(nèi)拐turn out 結(jié)果是，制造，向外，驅(qū)逐turn over 翻轉(zhuǎn)，仔細(xì)考慮，移交turn against 背叛，違反，翻臉turn back 往回走，翻起，折轉(zhuǎn)turn around / round 轉(zhuǎn)身turn a blind eye to

30、 對熟視無睹turn a deaf ear to 置若罔聞turning point 轉(zhuǎn)折點，轉(zhuǎn)向處 What are you reading, Tom? Im not really reading, just _ the pages. A. turning off B. turning aroundC. turning over D. turning upC 句意：湯姆，你在讀什么？我沒在真正地讀，只是在隨便翻翻?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。A關(guān)掉；B轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)身；C翻轉(zhuǎn)，翻身，翻閱；D出現(xiàn)，開大音量。根據(jù)句意選C。4、be off to 前往They were off to Italy (= leav

31、ing for Italy) and wanted to make an early start.他們將前往意大利，并且想要早點出發(fā)。off的相關(guān)短語：go off 走開set off 出發(fā)，動身，引起，使發(fā)生get off 離開，發(fā)出，(使)入睡，匆匆脫下call off 把叫走，取消，轉(zhuǎn)移give off 發(fā)出(光、氣體等)，放出show off 炫耀break off 中斷，停止，斷交，脫離5、run through 跑著穿過；(使)在流過；反復(fù)練習(xí)，復(fù)習(xí)；匆匆閱讀，貫穿于之中；揮霍Run through your notes before class. 上課前把筆記復(fù)習(xí)一下。This

32、theme runs through the whole book. 該主題貫穿全書。The heir soon run through his fortune. 那個繼承人很快就把財產(chǎn)揮霍完了。get through 完成，到達，接通電話，結(jié)束，及格 go through 檢查，審查，搜查，完成，做完，練習(xí)，遭受，經(jīng)受，經(jīng)歷，穿過，通過 see through 看破，看穿 look through 瀏覽，快速查看The girl is working very hard， expecting to _ the test.A. get through B. see throughC. look through D. run throughA 句意：這女孩正在努力學(xué)習(xí)，希望通過考試。A通過，及格；B看穿；C瀏覽；D流過，貫穿。根據(jù)句意選A。6、prevent sb. from doing sth. (= stop/keep sb. from doing sth. )防止/阻止某人做 在主動語態(tài)中，preven