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1、資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò),如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):概念 :表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)?;蛄?xí)慣發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),或說明主語(yǔ)的特征。用法 : A) 表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、情況、狀態(tài)和特征。B) 經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。常與頻率副詞連用。Eg.: He always helps others. (他總是幫助別人。 )C) 客觀事實(shí)和普遍真理。Eg. The earth turns round the sun.( 地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn))Light travels faster than sound.( 光傳播比聲音快)D) 表示一個(gè)按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, (僅限于某些表示 “來、去、動(dòng)、停、開始、結(jié)束、
2、繼續(xù) ”等的動(dòng)詞)可以與表示未來時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)搭配使用。常見的用法是:飛機(jī)、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點(diǎn)運(yùn)行的交通方式。Eg.The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.Eg.How often does this shuttle bus run?(這班車多久一趟?)E) 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中(以 when, after, before, while,until, as soon as 等引導(dǎo) ) 和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中(以if,unless 引導(dǎo) ),用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí),句子可以有將來時(shí)間。Eg.: Please ring me up
3、as soon as you arrive in Germany.(你一到德國(guó)就給我打電話)If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.(如果明天下雨我們就只好呆在家)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) : always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu) : be 動(dòng)詞;行為動(dòng)詞否定形式 : am/is/are+not;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞,則在其前加don't,如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù),則用doesn
4、't,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問句 :把 be 動(dòng)詞放于句首;用助動(dòng)詞do 提問,如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù),則用does,同時(shí),還原行為動(dòng)詞。word 可編輯資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò),如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除二、一般過去時(shí):不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表概念 :過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。這種動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)可能是一次性,也可能經(jīng)常發(fā)生。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) : ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month , in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, lon
5、g long ago, once upon a time, the other day etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu) : be 動(dòng)詞;行為動(dòng)詞否定形式 : was/were+not; 在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't ,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問句 : was 或 were 放于句首;用助動(dòng)詞do 的過去式did 提問,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。a. 過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)Eg.He left for Beijing yesterday morning.他昨天上午到北京去了。She wasn't at home last night. 她昨晚上在家。Did you finish your wor
6、k at four yesterday afternoon?你昨天下午四點(diǎn)完成工作了嗎?b表示過去經(jīng)?;蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。I got up very early at that time.我那時(shí)總是起得很早。Mary always got up too late and never had enough time for breakfast when she was at middle school. 瑪麗上中學(xué)時(shí)總是起得很晚,從來都沒有足夠時(shí)間吃早飯。三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):概念: 表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) : now, at this time, these days, et
7、c.基本結(jié)構(gòu) : am/is/are+doing否定形式 : am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑問句 :把 be 動(dòng)詞放于句首。用法:a現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說話時(shí)謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。Who are you waiting for?你在等誰?He knows that we are helping him now.他知道我們現(xiàn)在正在幫助他。b在現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,但不一定說話時(shí)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。The students are working on the farm there days.這些天學(xué)生們正在農(nóng)場(chǎng)勞動(dòng)。c在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中g(shù)o, come, leave, start, arrive
8、 等動(dòng)詞常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。He is coming soon.他不久就要來了。注意 :1)表示狀態(tài)或感覺的動(dòng)詞,如:know, love, like, want, hear, see, think 等,一般沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),因?yàn)樗鼈儾荒鼙硎菊谶M(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。但是,如果詞義發(fā)生變化,能表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,也可使用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。Stop, I am thinking.停下來,我正在想問題呢。2)無法延續(xù)動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞,如:jump, begin, start, stop 等一般不宜用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。但是,若想表示動(dòng)作反復(fù)或即將發(fā)生,也可使用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。He is jumping up
9、and down.他一下一下地跳個(gè)不停。3) 與 always, continually, constantly , forever 等連用表示經(jīng)常性反復(fù)性的動(dòng)作表示某種感情色彩。 She is always changing her clothes.word 可編輯資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò),如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除He is always doing things for other people【注意】不用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞表感覺、感官的動(dòng)詞。See、 hear、smell、 taste、 feel.This cake smells wonderful.表愛憎的動(dòng)詞。Like 、 love、 disl
10、ike 、 hate、 adore、 mind、 prefer、表希望、意愿。Want、wish 、 desire表知道、相信、猜想、理解。Know 、 believe、 think 、 doubt、 understand、 wonder-The phone is ringing.-I know, I heard it.表?yè)碛小⒑?、所有Own 、 contain 、 belong to、have四、過去進(jìn)行時(shí):概念 :表示過去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ): at this time yesterday, at that time 或以 when 引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般
11、過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等?;窘Y(jié)構(gòu) : was/were+doing否定形式 : was/were + not + doing.一般疑問句:把 was 或 were 放于句首。1)構(gòu)成過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由be 動(dòng)詞的過去式加動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成。肯定式I was workingHe / She / it was working.We were working.You were workingThey were working疑問式否定式Were you working?I was not workingWas he / she / itworking?Yes, he / she / it was.He / s
12、he / it was not working.No, he / she / it wasn t.Were we working?We were not workingWere you working?You were not workingWere they working?They were not working2)用法a. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,常和表過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如:I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候我正在做作業(yè)。They were expecting you yesterday.他們
13、昨天一直在等待。b. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可與 soon, the next moment, in minutes, minutes later 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用, 表示一個(gè)新的動(dòng)作剛剛開始。如:Soon the whole town was talking about it.不久鎮(zhèn)上的人就都談?wù)撈疬@種事了。c. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可用來申述原因或用作借口,這種用法常用在口語(yǔ)中。如:- Have you finished your homework, Mary? 瑪麗,你作業(yè)做完了嗎?- No, I was helping my mother is the kitchen all day yesterday. 還
14、沒呢,我昨天一天都幫媽媽在廚房干活。d. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可用來為一個(gè)后一系列動(dòng)作的發(fā)生提供背景。如:I hurt my leg when I was riding a bike.我在騎車時(shí)把腿摔壞了。word 可編輯資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò),如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除e. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或打算,這時(shí)be 動(dòng)詞 was/were 要重讀。如:I was writing him a letter this morning and forgot all about it.我本該今天早上給他寫信的,后來全給忘了。I was seeing her tomorrow.我本來打算明天會(huì)見她。He was
15、watching the play yesterday, but he was too busy.他昨天本來要看那場(chǎng)戲的,可是太忙了。一般過去時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別( 1)一般過去式常表示在過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)(包括過去習(xí)慣動(dòng)作),常與一般過去時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有 just now, a moment ago, yesterday, last week(month, year), the day before yesterday 及表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。如:I was sixteen yesterday old last year. 我去年 16 歲。He worked in a fa
16、ctory in 1986.他 1986 年在一家工廠工作。I met her in the street the day before yesterday. 前天我在街上遇見了她。He often swam in the river when he was young.他小時(shí)候常在河里游泳。( 2)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常與之連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有, at thattime/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week點(diǎn)鐘 +yesterday),at+(last night / Sunday, )
17、when sb. did sth.等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。What were you doing at seven p.m. yesterday?昨天晚上七點(diǎn)你在干什么?I was cooking when she knocked at the door.她敲門時(shí)我正在做飯。( 3)一般過去時(shí)往往表示某一動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成,而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動(dòng)作在持續(xù)或未完成。如:I saw you while you were speaking to the teacher.你在和老師談話時(shí)我看見了你。注意:有的過去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)既可用于一般過去時(shí),也可用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí),但含義不同。如:She wrote a letter to
18、 her friend last night.她昨晚給她的朋友寫了封信。(信寫完了)She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在給她的朋友寫信。(信不一定寫完)五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):概念: 過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,或從過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ): already、 ever、yet、 not yet 、just 、 just before, in the past/last few years基本結(jié)構(gòu):否定形式:一般疑問句:動(dòng)詞過去分詞的構(gòu)成,這里只談規(guī)則動(dòng)詞,既過去式與過去分詞都是加-
19、ed 的。有下面四種情況:1一般的也是絕大多數(shù)的動(dòng)詞是直接在后面加-ed,例如, played2以 e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞只加-d,例如, loved3以輔音字母+y 結(jié)尾的,變y 為 i 再加 -ed4以一個(gè)輔音字母 ( r/w/y 除外)結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié),要雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母再加ed,例如, stopped,planned,preferred 等。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義:(一)、它是過去發(fā)生的或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。1、表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作(該動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。例如: He has had his lunch.(強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果,飽了) 。word 可編輯資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò),如有
20、侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除又如:_-Have you done your homework?_-Yes, I have. (強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響, 其結(jié)果是作業(yè)已經(jīng)完成了。)2、表示過去已經(jīng)開始,并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),它往往與表示一段時(shí)間段for 時(shí)間段,since過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用I have taught here for more than two years.We have lived in this street since 1987.Sincefor 的區(qū)別since 后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)或表過去時(shí)的句子如1993,last term, yesterday, the time I got theref
21、or后接一段時(shí)間表 “長(zhǎng)達(dá)多久 ” 如ten years, a while, two days等。(二)、特點(diǎn):既涉及過去又聯(lián)系現(xiàn)在,動(dòng)作是過去發(fā)生的,其結(jié)果是現(xiàn)在存在的例如: She has come.(她來了)這句話說明兩點(diǎn):)她是過去某一時(shí)候來的)她現(xiàn)在仍然在這里,而且主要是說她在這里,動(dòng)詞用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在還存在過去的某一動(dòng)作的結(jié)果或影響,至于她是什么時(shí)候來的,是十分鐘以前還是一個(gè)小時(shí)以前,并不是這句話所強(qiáng)調(diào)的情況又例如:She has gone.(她走了)這句話說明走的動(dòng)作是發(fā)生在過去,而且對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響是“她不在這里了 ”但是 ,She went.則只強(qiáng)調(diào) “走 ”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)
22、生在過去,至于現(xiàn)在她在不在這里就不得而知了,也不是強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點(diǎn)。(三 )、 “對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果”包括看得見的,看不見的,肯定的,否定的。1),He has cleaned the blackboard. 其結(jié)果:看得見 現(xiàn)在黑板是干凈的。2),He has studied French.其結(jié)果:看不見 但現(xiàn)在他懂法語(yǔ)。3).He hasn t cleaned the room其結(jié).果:否定的 現(xiàn)在房間不干凈。4).He has never learned English.其結(jié)果:否定的 他現(xiàn)在仍然不懂英語(yǔ)。所以,不管是哪一種影響或結(jié)果,只有到目前還存在的情況下才能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。一旦結(jié)果或影
23、響不復(fù)存在,或者即便存在也不強(qiáng)調(diào),就不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),而應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí),這也正是兩者的區(qū)別所在。例如: He has cleaned the room. (他是在過去打掃了房間,房間現(xiàn)在仍干凈。)He cleaned the room an hourago ,but it s dirty now(他.也是在過去打掃了房間, 但現(xiàn)在又臟了, 發(fā)生在過去的“打掃 ”這一動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)。)注意:一般過去時(shí)是說,過去發(fā)生的或已經(jīng)結(jié)束或完成的動(dòng)作,它和現(xiàn)在沒有直接關(guān)系,或者即使與現(xiàn)在有某種聯(lián)系,但說話者并不強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在的這種關(guān)系,而只是指出:那個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去某一時(shí)間;而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)卻正是要強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的那個(gè)動(dòng)
24、作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。has/have gone to & has/have been to &has/have been in/at/on三者的區(qū)別1.has/have gone to 表某人已經(jīng)去了某地了,它包括三種情況:1)在去的途中,2)已經(jīng)到了目的地,3)在歸途中,總之,主語(yǔ)不在說話的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。2. has/have been to 表某人曾經(jīng)去過某地,現(xiàn)在仍在說話地點(diǎn)及其附近。常與ever, never, just, twice, before連用。3.has/have been in/at/on 表某人在某地呆了多久,表示一種狀態(tài),更為重要的是它常和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。
25、如: “for+時(shí)間段 ” 或 “since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn) ”1).My mother has gone to Beijing.2).I have been to Japan twice .3).They have been in China for over 2 years.五點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞(又稱瞬間動(dòng)詞 )不能與一段時(shí)間連用及其轉(zhuǎn)化的幾種方法:word 可編輯資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò),如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除例如: comegoleavebeginbuyjoincatcharriveborrowlenddie 這些點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞不能與一段時(shí)間連用。(注意:但在否定句中點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞能與一段時(shí)間連用。如:I haven t r
26、eceived a letter from Jim for a longtime.receive 是點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞 )轉(zhuǎn)化的幾種方法:1. 點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為其它延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如:I have had a cold since one day ago .(catch 是點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞,轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 have,其過去式為 had)2.點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為“ be+名詞 ”。如: He has been a solider for 3 years.3.點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為“ be+介詞 ”。如: He has been in the army for 3 years .4. 點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為 “ be+副詞 ”。如:Tom has be
27、en away (離家 )for a few days.5. 點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為 “ be 形+容詞 ”。如:That old man has been dead for several years.6. 原句轉(zhuǎn)化為 “ It s/It時(shí)is間+段 +since+ ”。如:It is 3 years since he joined the army.7. 原句轉(zhuǎn)化為 “ It s been/It has been+時(shí)間段 +since ”。如:It has been 3 years since he joined the army.8. 原句轉(zhuǎn)化為含ago 的一般過去時(shí)。如:He joined th
28、e army three years ago .六下列點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞常作如下變化:come back be backleave be awaycome home be at homejoin be in thecome beget up be upfinish be overbegin be ondie be deadget out be outcatch a cold have a coldbuy haveborrow keepget to know know現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)1:考查基本概念。2:考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。3:考查與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別。4:考查非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的用法。5:考查詞組have/has bee
29、n to , have/has gone to與 have/has been in/at 的區(qū)別6.for+ 時(shí)間段7.since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)(過去)8.since+一段時(shí)間 +ago=for+ 時(shí)間段9.since+從句(常用一般過去時(shí))六、過去完成時(shí):概念:以過去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為,或在過去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為,即“過去的過去 ”。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ): before, until, when, after, once, as soon as, by the end of last year(term, month),etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu): had + done.否定形式: had +
30、not + done.一般疑問句:had 放于句首。過去完成時(shí)的用法:1、表示在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作。他表示的時(shí)間是"過去的過去" 常與by last year, by the time of yesterday,等連用。如:She said she had seen the film 4 times.word 可編輯資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò),如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除When Mr Li got to the classroom, all the students had begun reading.By the time they arrived, the bu
31、s had left.2、表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到過去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與for(后跟段時(shí)間 )或 since(后跟點(diǎn)時(shí)間 )等連用 .如 :She had worked in this school since it opened 25 years ago.例題解析:舉一反三,學(xué)的更輕松!1. He _ in Shanghai University for four years before he _ Beijing.A. studied, had goneB. had studied, wentC. has studied, goesD. had studied, had g
32、one解析: " 他去北京之前在上大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了4 年" 。在上海學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在去北京之前,因此第一個(gè)空應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。此題選B。過去完成時(shí)判定方法1. 由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來判定一般說來,各種時(shí)態(tài)都有特定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。與過去完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:( 1 ) by + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如:I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.( 2 ) by the end of + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如:We had learned over two thousand English words by the end
33、 of last term.( 3 ) before + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如:They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.2. 由 “過去的過去 ”來判定。過去完成時(shí)表示“過去的過去 ”,是指過去某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作,即動(dòng)作有先后關(guān)系,動(dòng)作在前的用過去完成時(shí),在后的用一般過去時(shí)。這種用法常出現(xiàn)在:( 1 )賓語(yǔ)從句中當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主句為一般過去時(shí),且從句的動(dòng)作先于主句的動(dòng)作時(shí),從句要用過去完成時(shí)。在 told, said,knew, heard, thought 等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句。如:She said that s
34、he had seen the film before.( 2 )狀語(yǔ)從句中在時(shí)間、條件、原因、方式等狀語(yǔ)從句中,主、從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生有先后關(guān)系,動(dòng)作在前的,要用過去完成時(shí),動(dòng)作在后的要用一般過去時(shí)。如:After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.注意:before, after 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中,由于before 和 after 本身已表達(dá)了動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)系,若I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to B
35、eijing.一、過去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,以現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間為基點(diǎn),但側(cè)重對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或造成的影響,與現(xiàn)在有關(guān), 其結(jié)構(gòu)為 “助動(dòng)詞have (has) + 過去分詞 ”;過去完成時(shí)則是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài),已過去時(shí)間為基點(diǎn),它所表示的動(dòng)作不僅發(fā)生在過去,更強(qiáng)調(diào)“過去的過去 ”,只有和過去某時(shí)或某動(dòng)作相比較時(shí),才用到它。比較:I have learned 1000 English words so far. 到目前為止我已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了1000個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞。到那時(shí)為止我已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞。word可編輯資料收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò),如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除 I'm sorry t
36、o keep you waiting. 對(duì)不起,讓你久等了。 Oh, not at all. I have been here only a few minutes. 沒什么,我只等了幾分鐘。 ( “等 ”的動(dòng)作從過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在)二、過去完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別雖然這兩種時(shí)態(tài)都表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),但在使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn):1. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不同:過去完成時(shí)在時(shí)間上強(qiáng)調(diào) “過去的過去 ”;而一般過去時(shí)只強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某一特定的時(shí)間。比較: They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.They arrived at the stat
37、ion at ten yesterday.2. 在沒有明確的過去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)作標(biāo)志時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間先后須依據(jù)上下文來判斷:先發(fā)生的用過去完成時(shí),后發(fā)生的則用一般過去時(shí)。She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition competition.3. 當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上接連發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用 and 或 but 連接時(shí),按時(shí)間順序,只需用一般過去時(shí)來代替過去完成時(shí);另外,在 before , after , as soon as 引導(dǎo)的從句中,由于這些連詞本身已經(jīng)表示出時(shí)間的先后,因此也可以用過去時(shí)來代替過去完成時(shí)。He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.七、一般將來時(shí):概念:表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或
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