高中英語閱讀之推理判斷題的解題技巧(無答案)

1、高考閱讀理解專題：推理判斷題的解題技巧推斷題屬于主觀性較強的高層次閱讀理解題,做這類題目時,考生要嚴(yán)格依據(jù)作者所陳述的細節(jié)、事實以及作者的措詞、態(tài)度和語氣,找出能夠表露作者思想傾向和感情色彩的詞句,然后利用自己已獲得的相關(guān)知識進行推理判斷,從而得出符合邏輯的結(jié)論.近年的高考題中常出現(xiàn)以下五種推理判斷題：一.推斷隱含意義或深層意義一1.這類題干中通常含有l(wèi)earn(),infer(),suggest(),imply(),conclude(),indicate()等標(biāo)志性詞語,常見的提問方式有：1) .Wecanknowfromthepassagethat.2) .Wecaninferfromth

2、e(first/last)passagethat3) .Thepassage/authorimplies/suggeststhat4) .Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat5) .Theunderlinedsentenceindicatesthat2.解題技巧針對細節(jié)推斷：在原文中找到相關(guān)的信息源-對具體內(nèi)容分析-推理判斷得出結(jié)論實例1:Didyoueverhearastrangesoundcomingfromthewall?Diditsoundlikeaclock?Ifso,itmayhavebeenmadebyabeetle.Longagopeopleth

3、oughtthetickingmeantthatsomeonewasabouttodie.Thusthebeetleiscalled"thedeathwatchbeetle."1.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatthesoundofthisbeetle.A.pleasedpeople.B.surprisedpeople.C.frightenedpeople.D.excitedpeople.針對主題思想：以主題為核心-分析邏輯關(guān)系-得出結(jié)論實例2：IntheCaliforniastudy,childrenwithTVsintheirroomsbut

4、nocomputerathomescoredthelowestwhilethosewithnobedroomTVbutwhohadhomecomputersscoredthehighest.WhilethisstudydoesnotprovethatbedroomTVsetscausedthelowerscores,itaddstoaccumulatingfindingsthatchildrenshouldn'thavethVirbedrooms.1. Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A. Moretimeshouldbespentonco

5、mputers.B. ChildrenshouldbeforbiddentowatchTVC. TVsetsshouldn'tbeallowedinchildren'sbedrooms.D. Furtherstudiesonhigh-achievingstudentsshouldbedone.二、推斷作者觀點或態(tài)度1) 題干中通常含有attitude,view,opinion,intheauthor'sopinion/mind等標(biāo)志性詞語.提問方式：2) .Theauthorseemstobeinfavorof/against3) .Theauthormayprobab

6、lyagreewith/support4) .What'stheauthor'sopinionabout.?5) .Intheauthor'sopinion.?2 .解題技巧注意作者表達感情色彩的形容詞、副詞、動詞及所舉的例子,推斷出作者的弦外之音如overestimate(U估),luckily,unexpectedly,pity,certain等.表達作者態(tài)度和觀點的形容詞常有：objective(),subjective(),neutral();positive()negative()approval(),disapproval(),ironic()indiffe

7、rent(),critical(),cautious()optimistic(),pessimistic()等.3 .實例3:Whyisn'tyournewspaperrepioiganygoodnews?AllIreadaboutismurder,bribery(行賄),anddeath.FranklyI'msickofallthbadnews.C.amuseD.inform1. Thisauthor'itudlettowardsthenewspaperreportingistoA.complainB.apologize三.推斷文段作用或作者寫作意囪一1 .提問方式：

8、1) .Theauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthepassageisto2) .Thepassageismeantto3) .Theauthor'spurposeistoshow4) .Thepurposeofthearticleisto2 .解題技巧不同的文段在全文中可能會起到：引言/介紹(introduction),舉例(example),比照(comparison),反襯(contrast),結(jié)論(conclusion),評論(comment),背景(background),論證(demonstration)等作用.作者的寫作目的通常有娛樂讀者、

9、說服讀者接受某種觀點和告知讀者某些信息三種解答此類題時主要有兩種方法：1 .主旨推斷法：寫作目的是闡述作者為何要表達某個中央主題,因此可根據(jù)主旨推斷作者的寫作目的.2 .文體推斷法：根據(jù)文體的特點和用途來推斷作者的寫作目的.如記敘文,特別是個人的有趣經(jīng)歷或幽默故事類的文章,其目的是娛樂讀者；夾敘夾議的文章,其目的是讓讀者得到某種啟示或教育；廣告和議論文的目的是說服讀者接受某種產(chǎn)品、效勞或接受某種觀點；科普說明文或新聞報告,其目的是告知讀者某些信息.3 .實例4:Haveyoueverbeenoutonaboatandfeltitliftedupbyawave?Orhaveyoujumpedin

10、thewaterandfelttherushofenergyaswavescameoveryou?askedJamieTayloroftheWaveEnergyGroupattheUniversityofEdinburgh.aThereiscertainlyalotofenergyinwaves,“hesaid.1. Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto.A. testthereaders'knowlbdgewavesB. drawthereaders'attemtitothetopicC. showJ

11、ameTaylor'simportanceD. invitethereaderstoanswerthem四.推斷文章出處和來源1.提問方式1) .Thetextismostlikelytobetakenfrom.2) .Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?3) .WherecanwemostprobablyreadthisteX?2 ).解題技巧這類問題應(yīng)從文章的內(nèi)容或結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷其出處：報紙：前面會出現(xiàn)日期、地點或通訊社名稱.：因其格式特殊,容易識別.產(chǎn)品說明：器皿、設(shè)備的使用說明會有產(chǎn)品名稱或操作方式,而藥品的服用說明會告知服用時間、次數(shù)、藥量等.網(wǎng)站:

12、文中會出現(xiàn)click點擊,online在線,web網(wǎng)絡(luò),website網(wǎng)址等字眼.3 .實例5:Don'wanderaimlesslythroughlife.Getfocusedonyourgoals,starthelpingothersinneed,andlivelifetothefullest!Lifeistooshorttobeanythingbuthappy.Visitmyblogandfindwhatyou'vebeenmissghgupformynewsletterandgetsevenfreee-books,too!Readhundredsofarticleswh

13、ileyouthererenthearticlesection,whichisupdateddaily.1. ThistextmustbetakenfromA.aradioprogramB.awebsiteC.anewspaperD.aTVprogram五.推斷目標(biāo)讀召"推斷目標(biāo)讀者,即要求考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和文中的措辭推斷此篇文章主要是寫給誰看的.1 .提問方式1) .Thepassageisprobablywrittenfor2) .Whoisthepassagewrittenfor?3) .Thetextiswrittenmainlyfor.2 .解題技巧解答此類題要根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容

14、,特別是從作者使用的詞語和口氣來判斷.3 .實例6:ExploityourparkingspaceAnunusedparkingspaceorgaragecanmakemoney.Ifyoulivenearacitycenteroranairport,youcouldmakeanythingupto£200or£300aweek.Putanadvertisement廣告forfreeonLetparkorAtmyhousepark.Rent出租aroomSpareroom?Notonlywillalodger房客earnyouanincomebutalso,thanksto

15、thegovernment-backed“rentaroomprpwamwon'thavetopayanytaxonthefirst£4,500youmakeperyear.TryadvertisingyourroomonRoomspareorRoommateeasy.MakemoneyduringspecialeventsDon'twantafulltimelodger?Theyrentonashort-termbasis.Ifyouliveinthecapital,rentingaroomoutduringtheOlympicsorotherbigeventsco

16、uldbringinmoney.Grashpaddercanadvertiseyourspace.1. Forwhomisthetextmostprobablywritten?A.Lodgers.B.Advertisers.C.Houseowners.D.Onlinecompanies.即學(xué)即練1. WhenIwasateenagermymother'sbrokenEnglishembarrassedme.ButnowIseeitdifferently.Tome,mymother'sEnglishisperfectlyclear;perfectlynatural.Itismym

17、othertongue.Herlanguage,asIhearit,isvivid,direct,andfullofobservationandwisdom.ItwasthelanguagethathelpedshapethewayIsawthingsexpressedideasandmadesenseoftheworld.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhermother'sEnglishnow?A.Itconfusesher.B.Itembarrassesher.C.Ithelpsherunderstandtheworld.D.Ithelpshertolerater

18、udepeople.2. WhenIputonmyflashlights,Iwassayingtootherdrivers“haveaproblemhere.IamweakanddoingthebestIcan:Andeveryoneunderstoodieveraltimes,Isawdriverswhowantedtopass.Theycouldn'tgetaroundmebecauseofthestreamofpassingtraffic.Butinsteadofgettingimpatientandangrytheywaited,knowingthedriverinfronto

19、fthemwasinsomewayweak.Whatdidtheotherdriversdowhentheysawtheflashlights?A.Theyspeededuptopass.B.Theywaitedwithpatience.C.Theytriedtheirbesttohelp.D.Theyputontheirflashlightstoo.3. Sometimessituationscallforustoactstrongandbraveevenwhenwedon'tfeelthatway.Butthosearefewandfarbetween.Moreoftenitwou

20、ldbebetterifwedon'tpretendwefeelstrongwhenwefeelweakorpretendthatwearebravewhenwearescared.Inthispassagetheauthoradvisesusto.A.handleproblemsbyourselvesB.accepthelpfromothersC.admitourweaknessD.showourbravery4. However,itwasn'tallsweetnessandlight.Therewasareportedcoldnessbetweenthecatanddog

21、in25%ofthehomeswhileaggressionandfightingwereobservedin10%ofthehomes.Onereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalswerejustopposite.Forexample,whenacatturnsitsheadaway,itsignalsaggression,whileadogdoingthesamesignalssubmission.SomecatsanddogsmayfightwhenA.theyarecoldtoeachotherB.theylookawayfr

22、omeachotherC.theymisunderstoodeachother'ssignalsD.theyareintroducedatanearlyage5. Thesignificanceoftheresearchoncatsanddogsmayjobeyondpets-topeoplewhodon'tgetalong,includingneighbors,colleaguesatwork,andevenworldsuperpowers.Ifcatsanddogscanlearntogetalong,surelypeoplehaveagoodchance.Whatcanw

23、ehumanbeingslearnfromcatsanddogs?AWeshouldlearntoliveinharmony.BWeshouldknowmoreaboutanimals.CWeshouldliveinpeacewithanimals.DWeshouldlearnmorebodylanguages.6. Coldweathercanbehardonpetsjustlikeitcanbehardonpeople.Sometimesownersforgetthattheirpetsarejustasusedtothewarmshelter住所astheyare.Someownersw

24、illleavetheiranimalsoutsideforalongperiodoftime,thinkingthatallanimalsareusedtolivingoutdoors.Thiscanputtheirpetsindangerofserious川ness.Therearethingsyoucandotokeepyouranimalwarmandsafe.Keepyourpetsinsideasmuchasyoucanwhentheweatherisbad.Ifyouhavetotakethemout,stayoutsidewiththem.Whenyou'recolde

25、noughtogoinsidetheyprobablyaretoo.Ifyoumustleavethemoutsideforalongtimemakesuretheyhaveawarm,solidshelteragainstthewindthickbedding,andplentyofnonfrozenwater.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Tosolveaproblem.B. Togivepracticaladvice.C. Totellaninterestingstory.D.Topresentaresearchresult.7. Itisnotjustunkindbutalsodangeroustosayafour-hourlyfeedingschedulewillmakeababysatisfied.ThefirstoftheexpertstoadvocateastrictclockwatchingschedulewasDr.FredericTrubyKingwhowasagainstfeedinginthenight.I'veneverheardanythingsoridiculous.Babyfeedingshou