可數名詞與不可數_HF02

1、可數名詞與不可數名詞可數名詞與不可數名詞1.可數名詞可數名詞an elephanta lampa housea dress能獨立存在的個體人、事物和以集體形式出現(xiàn)能獨立存在的個體人、事物和以集體形式出現(xiàn)的人、事物。的人、事物。個體名詞個體名詞集體名詞集體名詞class family fruits2.可數名詞的用法可數名詞的用法當人或事物只有一個的時候，成為單數。習慣上，當人或事物只有一個的時候，成為單數。習慣上，我們用我們用a ,an 或或 one 來表示這種單個的數量。來表示這種單個的數量。a peach a strawberrya watermelon a cherryan ice-cre

2、am an eggan applean orange4.可數名詞的構成和用法可數名詞的構成和用法1)一般在名詞的后面加上一般在名詞的后面加上-s,在清輔音后發(fā)在清輔音后發(fā)-s,在濁在濁輔音和元音后發(fā)輔音和元音后發(fā)-z.如：如：a biscuit five biscuits -s a watermelon three watermelons-za peareleven pears-z2) 以以-ch,-sh,-s,-x結尾的單數名詞后加結尾的單數名詞后加-es,讀作讀作-iz.如：如：a busthree buses -iz a peachtwo peaches -iz3) 以輔音字母加以輔音字

3、母加y結尾的單數名詞，把結尾的單數名詞，把y改成改成i, 再再加加-es, 讀作讀作-iz.如：如：a citytwo cities-iz4)以以-o 結尾的，有的加結尾的，有的加-s,有的加有的加-es,讀作讀作-z.如：如：a tomatotwo tomatoes -z a radiotwo radios -z5)以以-f或或-fe結尾的，有的直接加結尾的，有的直接加-s,有的改有的改-f或或-fe為為-v,再加再加-es,讀作讀作-vz.如如：a leaftwo leaves -vza knife four knives -vz6)少數名詞的復數形式是不規(guī)則變化少數名詞的復數形式是不規(guī)則

4、變化a mantwo mena childtwo childrena sheeptwo sheepfour people 3.不可數名詞不可數名詞1) 物質類不可數名詞：物質類不可數名詞：A.液體類不可數名詞：液體類不可數名詞：tea, ink, juice, coffeeB.食品類不可數名詞：食品類不可數名詞：fish, chicken, chocolate, honey 2) 抽象名詞：抽象名詞：work, wealth, homeworka glass of orange juicea cup of teaa glass of milka bowl of soupsome fishsom

5、e beef some breada bowl of rice1.不可數名詞沒有復數形式不可數名詞沒有復數形式rice(不能說不能說rices) bread(不能說不能說breads) 2.不可數名詞前面一般不直接加不可數名詞前面一般不直接加a或或an，但可用不同的量詞來搭配但可用不同的量詞來搭配a box of milk(不能說不能說a milk)a bottle of water(不能說不能說a water)3.some,any可以與不可數名詞連用可以與不可數名詞連用 some teasome bread 4.不可數名詞只作單數看待不可數名詞只作單數看待1)Some soup is in

6、the bowl.2)A: Whats on the plate? B: Theres some chicken.這些不可數名詞你都記住了嗎？這些不可數名詞你都記住了嗎？rice 米飯米飯 bread 面包面包 meat 肉肉chicken 雞肉雞肉 porridge 粥粥 coffee 咖啡咖啡 tea 茶茶duck 鴨肉鴨肉 beef 牛肉牛肉 pork 豬肉豬肉 water 水水 milk 牛奶牛奶fish 魚肉魚肉 4.名詞的單復數與主謂一致名詞的單復數與主謂一致普通名詞分為可數名詞和普通名詞分為可數名詞和不可數名詞，而可數名詞不可數名詞，而可數名詞和又有單復數之分。名詞和又有單復數之

7、分。名詞的數與主語有什么關系呢？的數與主語有什么關系呢？A: Whats this?B: Its an egg.A: What are those in the basket?B: They are grapes.A: Guess whats in the glass?B: There is some coke. Oh,我明白了，我明白了，謂語是隨名詞數謂語是隨名詞數的變化而變化，的變化而變化，名詞的數與謂語名詞的數與謂語保持一致，即主保持一致，即主謂一致。謂一致。1)當名詞是單數時，謂語用單數形式。當名詞是單數時，謂語用單數形式。There is a cake on the plate.2)

8、當名詞是復數時，謂語用復數形式。當名詞是復數時，謂語用復數形式。There are two biscuits on the plate.3)不可數名詞當作單數對待。不可數名詞當作單數對待。There is some beef on the plate. ( )1.Are those _?-No, they arent. Theyre _.A. sheep ; cows B. sheep ; cowC. sheeps ; cow D. sheeps ; cows( )2.Mum, Im quite thirsty. Please give me _.A. two orange B. two bo

9、ttles of orangeC. two bottles orange D. two bottles of oranges( )3.I have got _ news from my friend. Do you want to know?A. a very good B. anyC. a piece of D. two pieces( )4._ room is on the 5th floor.A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and LilysC. Lucys and Lily D. Lucys and Lilys( )5.Every morning Mr. Smith

10、takes a _ to his office.A. 20 minutes walk B. 20 minutes walkC. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk ( )6.This is James Allan Green. We can call him _.A. Mr. Green B. Mr. AllanC. Mr. James D. James Green( )7.Jack and Tom are _.A. good friends B. good friendC. a good friend D. good a friend( )8.Its only

11、 about ten _ walk to the nearest post office.A. minutes B. minutes C. minutes D. minute( )9.He often has _ for breakfast.A. two breads B. two piece of breadsC. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads( )10.Mrs. Green has two _. Theyre very bright.A. childs B. child C. childrens D. children ( )11.

12、What did the headmaster say about Jims _.A. two months holiday B. two months holidayC. two-month holiday D. two months holidays( )12.I wont go there with you, for I have a lot of _ to do.A. works B. job C. work D. working( )13.Li Lei is a friend of _.A. I sister B. my sistersC. me sister D. my siste

13、r of( )14.Have you read _?A. todays B. today paperC. the todays paper D. todays paper( )15.How many _ are there in the room?A. boxes B. box C. boxs D. boxxes ( )16.Many _ have been built in our city since 1987.A. factorys B. factoriesC. factoryes D. factorys( )17.There are lots of _ in the basket on the table .A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss( )18.The cat caught two _ last night.A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices( )19.Jack went to have two _ pulled out yesterday afternoon.A. tooths B. to