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1、五年級下冊英語語法知識點語法知識1. 近義詞 eat breakfast have breakfast eat lunch have lunch eat dinner have dinner play sports do sports usually often 復(fù)數(shù)形式:policeman policemen policewoman policewomen 現(xiàn)在分詞:tell telling 三單:say says同義句:What do you do ? -What are you?你是干什么的?2、頻度的副詞:always 總是,一直usually 通常,常常often 經(jīng)常 someti

2、mes 有時候4、介詞后跟表示時間的詞語時,表示在某年、某月、某個季節(jié),某個時候(在上午,在下午,在晚上)用in;表示在某一天,在星期幾用on,在具體的幾點幾分用 at.5、 too 和 either 的用法區(qū)別:too 和 either 都是“也”的意思 ,但 too 用于肯定句 ,either 用于否定句。第二單元語法知識1. 同義詞:autumn (英)fall (美) 對應(yīng)詞:wake up sleep go to bed getup2. 三單:say says ask e3. 同義句:What s your favourite season? (你最喜愛的季節(jié)是什么?)Whichse

3、ason do you like best?( 你最哪個季節(jié)?)4表示天氣的介詞。當表示某地某個季節(jié)的天氣情況時,要把季節(jié)放在前面,地點放在后面。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:What s the weather like in 季節(jié) in 地點?第三單元主要語法點:1 、關(guān)于月份:(1)五月 May , 六月 June, 七月 July, 沒有簡寫形式。九月September 的簡寫形式是前四個字母加點Sept. 其他八個月的簡寫形式是前三個字母加點。(2)無論是完全形式還是簡寫形式,表示12 個月的單詞的第一個字母都要大寫。2、關(guān)于基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞。( 1)一般情況下,直接在基數(shù)詞后面加th. ( one ,

4、two , three 除外)。one first , two second , three third .(2) 以 ve 結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞, 變 ve 為 f, 再加 th. 如: five fifth , twelve twelfth. (3) 以 t結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞,直接加ho如eight eighth.(4)以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的,丟掉不發(fā)音的字母 e,再加th.如nine ninth.(5)以y結(jié)尾的整十數(shù),在變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時,將y變?yōu)閕e,再加th.如twenty twentieth( 6) 20 以上的兩位數(shù),變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時,十位數(shù)不變,只將個位上的數(shù)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞。如:twenty-one-

5、-twenty-first , twenty-two twenty-second , thirty-four thirtyfourth (7) 序數(shù)詞的簡寫形式為表示該詞的阿拉伯數(shù)字加上該單詞的最后兩個字母,最后兩個字母要變成上標格式。如:first 1st , second 2nd , third 3rd , fourth 4th . twentieth 20th3. 回答 When is your birthday? 這個問題,如果只說明生日在幾月份,在月份前用in.如 My birthday is in July. 如果要具體說明生日是在幾月幾日,則要把in 去掉 ,直接用 is,或者在

6、 is 后力口 on。如 My birthday is June 9th. 或 My birthday is on June 9th.4. 注意區(qū)分兩個句子:What day is it today ? 今天星期幾?What s the date today? 今天是幾月幾日?5. 根據(jù)要求寫單詞:make ( 現(xiàn)在分詞)-making. send( 現(xiàn)在分詞)-sending.6句子:How many birthdays are in October ? 有幾個人的生日在十月?There are 3.7. My birthday is in February .( 變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧洌?Is y

7、our birthday in February?8. Does she have a 她有計算機嗎?當?shù)谌朔Q單數(shù)和句子中出現(xiàn)了does 時 ,其他動詞必須使用原型。9. 、讀序數(shù)詞時, 前面一定要加the. 如 October 1st . 讀作 October the first. 10 、同義句:Who has a birthday in October?=Whose birthday is in October?第四單元知識點:1 、在電話中介紹自己時,可以用“It s , ”或者 This is , .。但是不能用“ I am , ”或者“ My name is , ”2 .在電話中

8、表另一個人接電話時,應(yīng)該說:“Can I speak to , ?”3 、告訴別人接電話時, 說: There is a call for you.4、在接電話時請別人稍候說:Hold on please. 或者 Please hold on. 5 、動詞變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在分詞(力口 ing)的規(guī)則:( 1 ) 一般情況下, 在動詞的后面直接加ing. 如:play playing clean cleaning draw drawing cook cooking(2) 以單個不發(fā)音的字母e 結(jié)尾的動詞, 去掉不發(fā)音的字母e, 再加ing . 如:write writing e take taking m

9、ake making leave leaving have having(3) 以重讀閉音世結(jié)尾的動詞, 如果詞尾只有一個輔音字母,則要先雙寫這個輔音字母,再加 ing. 如: run running swim swimming put putting sit sitting set setting五單元主要知識點:1 、在英語中, 當表示媽媽時, 無論是人類媽媽還是動植物的媽媽, 都可以用she . 而表示嬰兒時 ,也都可以用it.2、系動詞be 的用法:我是am 你是 are, is 跟著他她它。如果人稱是復(fù)數(shù),撲面一律都用 are. 如:I am reading a book. He i

10、s cooking dinner. We are doing an experiment. Are you eating lunch?3、 With 除了表示和, 一起外 ,還可以表示“使用”,如:That elephant is drinking water with its trunk. 大象正在用它的象鼻喝水。 I am writing with my pen. 我正在用我的鋼筆寫字。4、當句子中出現(xiàn)了can 時 ,動詞一定要用原形。如: Can tigers really swim? I can wash the clothes. 我會洗衣服。 I am washing clothes

11、. 我正在洗衣服。5、 can , usually , often , sometimes , always 這幾個單詞都是一般現(xiàn)在時的好朋友,當句子中出現(xiàn)了它們時,動詞一般都要用原形。now, am , is , are 這幾個單詞都是現(xiàn)在進行時的好朋友,當句子中出現(xiàn)了它們時,動詞要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式,也就是 ing 形式。第六單元主要知識點:1 、現(xiàn)在進行時的句子變一般疑問句時, 只要將系動詞be(am is are ) 和主語交換位置,將句末的句號變?yōu)閱柼?但是要注意第一人稱和第二人稱時,人稱和系動詞的相應(yīng)變化。 如: I am reading a book? Are you reading

12、 a book?You re walking . Am I waling? He is cooking dinner . Is he cooking dinner?2、表示用什么做個實驗時, 要用on 。如 Do an experiment on me , please.3. It s time to 后跟動詞的原形,It s time for 后跟名詞。如: It s time to go to school. 該去上學(xué)了。(到了去上學(xué)的時間了。)It s time for English class. 到英語課的時間了。It s time to have English class. 該上

13、英語課了。英語下冊知識點總結(jié)二、重點短語講解1. play with 和一起玩 play with sb.(某人)和一起玩 play with sth.(某物)玩某 物 e.g. Lucy and Lily are playing with their mother. Lucy and Lily are playing withtheir doll.2. a lot of 很多 a lot of = lots of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞e.g. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 There are a lot of apples on the table.=There are apples on the t

14、able. ( 答案: lots of)3. how often 多久一次how often 是一個特殊疑問詞,就頻率提問。英語表示頻率的詞:一次:once 兩次: twice 特殊 其他次數(shù):基數(shù)詞+times 構(gòu)成 例如: 8次 eight times e.g. -How often do you go to the library?-I go to the library once a week. ( 注:如就劃線部分提問,應(yīng)用特殊疑問詞how often)4. how many 多少how many/much 就數(shù)量提問how many + 可數(shù)名詞;how much + 不可數(shù)名詞e

15、.g.-How many boys are there in your class?- There are 40 boys in my class. -How much water is there in the bottle?- There is a little water in the bottle.5. be good at 擅長 at 后 可加名詞如加動詞,動詞應(yīng)用動名詞形式 既 v + ing e.g. I am good at English.6. be interested in 對一感興趣in后 可加名詞 如加動詞,動詞應(yīng)用動名詞形式 既 v + ing e.g. I am

16、interested in English.7. play the violin 拉小提琴樂器前加定冠詞the8. listen to music 聽音樂聽一,用 listen to( 1 ) . 聽音樂前, 不加定冠詞the( 2 ) . 聽收音機前, 要加定冠詞the : listen to the radio9. from 來自 , from = be from, I from China. = I am from China. 易錯點:Where are you from? ( 錯誤 ) Where do you from? ( 正確 )10. play football 踢足球 球類

17、名詞前不加冠詞11. be famous for 因聞名12. have a look at 看一看 have a look at = look at13. how much 多少(錢)how much 用來詢問價格14. a pair of 一雙;一對a pair of glasses; a pair of trousers; a pair of gloves15. try on 試穿 試穿鞋子try on the shoes = try the shoes on 試穿它 此處它是代詞只能放在try on 之間 try it on 14. see a doctor 看醫(yī)生常用表示“看”的單詞

18、有: watch; see; look; readwatch: 用于看電視, 比賽等;watch TV watch football matchsee: 看見 強調(diào)結(jié)果,看到什么;看醫(yī)生、看電影時用see see a film; see a doctor16. take good care of 好好照顧take (good) care of = look after17. have a fever 發(fā)燒have a + 表示癥狀的單詞 have a fever; have a toothache; have a headache have + 病名have measles ( 麻疹 ) ha

19、ve mumps ( 腮腺炎 )18. have to 不得不 Her mother is ill, she has to look after her mother, so she can t to the party.重點:含有have to 的句子變否定用 don t 或 doesn t e.g. She has to finish her homework.She doesn t have to finish her homework. ( 正確 ) She has not to finish her homework.( 錯誤 )19. be worried about 擔(dān)心 She

20、 is worried about her exam.20. help with 幫助 做某事 help with = help sb. (to) do sth.Peter helps her mother with the housework. = Peter helps her mother (to) do the ho usework.三、重點單詞用法1. call v. 稱作 What do you call it in English?2. like v. 喜歡sth. I like English very muchlike to do sth. I like reading ve

21、ry much, but I don t like to read now.doing sth.3. let s + 動詞原形Let s (=let us) make animals. let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事4. want v. 想 ,想要want sth. I want a piece of paper.to do sth. I want to watch TV.5. 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞很簡單,沒有人稱數(shù)之變,動詞原形后邊站,can 表能力 may 許可 should 應(yīng)該 would 愿 must 必須 , 否定 needn t 換 have to 不得不表客觀四、重點

22、語法A) 一般現(xiàn)在時1. 概念:一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常的、習(xí)慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。2. 構(gòu)成:一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成主要有兩種形式:( 1 ) be 型:句子的謂語動詞只有be( am,is 或 are):a.肯定句中,只出現(xiàn)be,如:I am a student ,我是一名學(xué)生。b.否定句中,要在be后面加not,如:She isn't a teacher .她不是教師。c. 一般疑問句,要將be放在句子開頭(注意句首字母大寫),句尾用問號,答語用Yes,主語+be .或 No,主語+ be + not .如: Are you ready ?你準備好了嗎?一Yes,I am 是的,我準備好了

23、。( No,I'm not 不,我沒準備好。)( 2)實義動詞型:句中的謂語動詞為實義動詞(也叫行為動詞):a.肯定句中,只出現(xiàn)實義動詞,如:I get up in the morning .我早晨起床。b.否定句中,要在實義動t前面加 do (does)+not,do (does)作助動詞,本身無意義, 常與 not 縮寫成 don't ( doesn't ) ,如: I don't like vegetables 我不喜歡蔬菜。c. 一般疑問句,要在句子開頭加助動詞 Do (does),句尾用問號,簡略答語用Yes,主 語+do (does). 或 No,主

24、語+do (does) + not .如: Do you like oranges ? 你 喜歡桔子嗎? Yes,I do 是的,我喜歡。( No,I don't 不,我不喜歡。)3. 一般現(xiàn)在時的用法1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作, 常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。時間狀語: every , sometimes, at ,on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every m orning.2) 客觀真理,客觀存在,科學(xué)事實。The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of Chi

25、na.3) 表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。注意:此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中,即使主句是過去時,從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。 例: Columbus proved that the earth is round.4) 現(xiàn)在時刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個性。I don't want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比較: Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now.B) 一般將來時一

26、、概念:表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做某事。 句中般有以下時間狀語:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year ),soon,the day after tomorrow (后天)等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu): be going to + do ; will+ do.三、否定句:在be 動詞( am, is, are )后加 not 或 will 后加 not 成 won t。例如:I'm going to have a picnic this afternoon. I' m not going to have a picnic this

27、afternoon.四、一般疑問句:be 或 will 提到句首,some 改為 any, and 改為 or, 第一二人稱互換。例如: We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、對劃線部分提問。一般情況, 一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況。1 .問人。Who 例如:I' m going to New York soon. Who' s going to New York soon.2 .問干什么。 What do. 例如: My f

28、ather is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3 .問什么時候。When.例如:She' s going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同義句:be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow (明天). = Iwill go swimming tomorrow.七、 be going t

29、o 和 will 的區(qū)別be going to 和 will 的用法雖然都表示將來發(fā)生動作或情況 ,但它們的用法是有區(qū)別的。1) be going to 主要用于:(1) 、表示事先經(jīng)過考慮、安排好打算要做的事情What are you going to do today? 今天你們打算做什么?Dad and I are going to see a Beijing opera this afternoon. 今天下午我和爸爸打算去 看京劇。I m going to play the violin. 我打算拉小提琴。She s going to play the piano. 她打算彈鋼琴。2) ) 、表示根據(jù)目前某種跡象判斷,某事非常有可能發(fā)生。e.g. Look! There the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 瞧!烏云密集, 天要下雨。 I am afraid I am going to have a cold. 恐怕我要患重感冒。2. will 主要用于在以下幾個方面:(1) 、表示單純的未來“將要”通用各個人稱。e.g. They will go to visit the factory tomorrow. 明天他們將去工廠參觀。I ll with W

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