人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修8練習(xí)：Unit5Meetingyourancestors(含解析)

1、Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors話題誦讀日積月累；導(dǎo)語(yǔ) 甲骨文(Oracle bone script)是中國(guó)古代的一種文字，被認(rèn)為是現(xiàn)代漢字的早期形式，有時(shí)候也被認(rèn)為是漢字的書體之一， 同時(shí)也是現(xiàn)存中國(guó)最古老的一種成熟文字。甲骨文引導(dǎo)炎黃子孫走上用圖形記號(hào)表示意義而不約束其讀者的文字發(fā)展歷程，造就了延綿數(shù)千年的統(tǒng)一文化意識(shí)。Oracle Bone ScriptOracle bone script refers to the ancient Chinese characters found on animal bones or turtle shells used in

2、 divinationin Bronze Age China.The vast majority record is thedivinationby fire of the royal house of the late Shang Dynastyat the capital of Yin (modern Anyang, Henan Province).Because turtle shells as well as bones were used, the oracle bone script is also sometimes called shell and bone script.As

3、 the majority of oracle bones bearing writing date to the late Shang Dynasty, oracle bone script essentially refers to Shang script.It is certain that the writing of the Shang Dynasty experienced a period of development before the Anyang oracle bone script; however, no significant quantity of clearl

4、y identifiable writing before or during the early to middle Shang cultural period has been discovered.The oracle bone script of the late Shang appearspictographic , as does its contemporary , the Shang writing on bronzes.The earliest oracle bone script appears even more so than examples from late in

5、 the period.Comparing oracle bone script to both Shang and early Western Zhou period writing on bronzes, oracle bone script is clearly greatly simplified;this is thought to be due to the difficulty of carving on the hard and bony surfaces.The more detailed and more pictorial style of the bronze grap

6、hs is thus thought to be more representative of typical Shang writing (as would have normally occurred on bamboobooks) than the oracle bone script forms, and it is this typical style which continued to evolve into the Zhou period writing and then into the seal script of the Qin state in the late Zho

7、u period.詞海拾貝1. divination n.占卜2. pictographic adj.象形文字的3. pictorial adj.圖片的，圖畫似的4. evolve vt.使發(fā)展，使逐漸形成vi .進(jìn)展，發(fā)展，演化問(wèn)題思考根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容判斷正(T)誤(F)。1 . The oracle bone script we say today mainly refers to Shang script.( )2 . Typical Shang writing is more detailed and more pictorial.( )答案：1.T 2.T自主預(yù)習(xí)步步提高一同工識(shí)記I.為

8、單詞選擇正確的釋義1. starvation2. centimetre3. primitive4. analysis5. category6. systematic7. academy8. receptionist9. kindergarten10. radioactive11. punctuation答案：1F 2-GA.放射性的，輻射能的B.接待員；招待員C.有系統(tǒng)的；有計(jì)劃的；有條理的D.標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)E.幼兒園F.挨餓，餓死G.厘米H.分析I .原始的；遠(yuǎn)古的；簡(jiǎn)陋的J.學(xué)院；院校；學(xué)會(huì)；學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)體K.種類；類別；范疇3-1 4-H 5-K 6-C 7-J 8-B 9E 10 A 11-Dn

9、.根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)提示寫出單詞1. adj.有觀察力的；敏銳的；嚴(yán)重的；深刻的2. n.野獸3. n.植物學(xué)4. vt. & vi.使 成熟；成熟5. n.意義；意思；重要性；重要意義6. adv.以 方式；不知怎么地7. vt.吐出（唾液、食物等）8. vt.刪；刪除9. n.痕跡；搔；撓vt.搔；抓；擦傷；刮壞10. n.皺紋11. n.鐵錘；錘子12. adj.快樂的；歡快的13. adj.有技巧的；熟練的答 案 ： 1.acute 2.beast 3.botany 4.ripen 5.significance 6.somehow 7.spit 8.delete 9.scratch 10.w

10、rinkle 11.hammer 12.gay 13.skilful/skillfulm.根據(jù)英語(yǔ)釋義寫出單詞1. . : the branch of anthropology that studies prehistoric people and their cultures2. : in spite of everything; disregarding drawbacks3. : uncertain; hesitant4. : the choice between two mutually exclusive possibilities5. : to take for granted;

11、accept without proof;suppose6. : to break the continuity or uniformityof sth7. : large in degree , kind , or quantity8. : to make or become sharp or sharper9. : dirty , confused , or untidy10. : the quality of being correct or true11. : to show your approval of sb/sth by clapping your hands12. : to

12、happen or to make sth happen faster or earlier13. : to make sb notice sth and pay attention to it14. : to make a long loud cry15. : feeling as if everything is spinning around you and that you are not able to balance16. : the process or result of dividing into separate parts17. : to move , beat or f

13、low with strong regular movements or sounds18. : a long weapon like a stick with one sharp end答案：1.archaeology2.regardless3.tentative4. alternative 5.assume 6.interrupt 7.ample8. sharpen 9.messy 10.accuracy11.applaud12. accelerate 13.arrest 14.howl 15.dizzy16. division 17.pulse 18.spearIV.選用正確短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形

14、式完成句子at most; cut up; regardless of; be fed up with ； look ahead; date back to1. John was about his failure to beat Mary.2. The laws apply to everyone race , creed （ 宗教信條）or colour.3. The work will be completed within four hours .4. Myinterest in stamp collection myschooldays.5. Im trying to at what

15、 might happen and be readyto handle it.6. Jenny Tomwhois always compromisinghis principles.答案：1.cut up 2.regardless of 3.at most 4.dates back to 5.look ahead 6.is fed up with一語(yǔ):理解 課文表層理解I .判斷正(T)誤(F)1. The caves lie at the foot of the hill.()2. Evidence has showedthat the earliest people in the cave

16、s used animal skins to make clothes according to the conversation)3. Our earliestpeople in the Zhoukoudian caves keptthemselves warm by working.( )答案：1.F 2.T 3.Fn .讀課文，完成表格Some of the earliest people lived in 1.EvidenceConclusionHow could theylive there ? Human and animalbonesThey lived in caves. To

17、ols and2. How did they keep warm ?Fireplaces in the center of the cavesThey used fire to3., cook thefood and scare wild animals away.X4.They kept the fire burning all winter.No doorsThey hung animal skins at the cave mouth to keep out the cold.What 5.were there?Bones of tigers and bearsTigers and be

18、ars were their most dangerous enemies.How did they make clothes ?6.made ofanimal bones They used7. stonetools to cut up animals and removetheir skin. They used8. toremove the fat andmeat from the skin. They rubbed an ample amount of salt onto the skin to 9.What did they use to make ornaments ?Animal

19、 bones and10. Perhaps there was trade between early peoples or they travelled to the seaside.答案：l.the Zhoukoudian caves 2.other objects3. keep warm 4.Layers of ash 5.wild animals6. Needles 7.sharpened 8.smaller scrapers9. made it soft 10.seashells課文深層理解I .主旨匹配Stage 1 A. What can we learn from a neck

20、lace?Stage 2 B . Life in the cave.Stage 3 C . What can we learn from a needle?答案：Stage 1 B Stage 2 C Stage 3 -An.單項(xiàng)選擇1 . Our earliest people in the Zhoukoudian caves kept themselves warm by .A. workingB. fightingC. making firesD. hunting2. Evidence has showedthat the earliest people in the caves use

21、d to make clothes according to the conversation.A. leavesB. tree skinsC. animal skinsD. cotton3. Which of the following about fire is NOT right?A. Keeping warm.B. Cooking food.C. Frightening the animals. D . Making iron.4. What did they find in the caves?A. Only human bones and fires.B. Just animal

22、bones.C. Modern tools and ornaments.D. Bones, tools and ornaments , as well as fireplaces.5. From but others are made of shells ”，we cant infer that .A. the sea was not far away at that timeB. they ran to the sea for the shellsC. the shells could be sold and boughtD. they could make necklaces by mac

23、hines答案：1.C 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.Dm.領(lǐng)會(huì)下列句子所用的句型并嘗試譯成漢語(yǔ)1. It is a great pleasure to meet you students from England , who are interested in archaeology.2. Weve discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caveswhere they made fires.3. .as the botanical analyses have shown us , all the fields around there used

24、to be part of a large shallow lake.4. Thats why they are called hunters and gatherers.5. They couldnt have mats, blankets or quilts like wedo.It must have been very uncomfortable.答案：1.很高興見到你們這些來(lái)自英國(guó)的且對(duì)考古學(xué)感興趣的學(xué) 生。2 .我們發(fā)現(xiàn)在洞穴的中央有生火用的壁爐。3 .正如植物學(xué)的分析結(jié)果所顯示的那樣，這兒四周曾經(jīng)是 一個(gè)很大的淺水湖。4 .這就是他們被稱為獵人和采摘者的緣故。5 .他們不可能像我

25、們一樣有席子、毛毯或棉被，那肯定很不舒 服。IV.課文縮寫A group of students from England , who are interested in1., have come to Zhoukoudian caves for a visit.An archaeologist gives them a brief introduction to the life and habits of the earliest people in ZhoukoudianEarly people lived in caves and they made 2.in the centre o

26、f caves to keep them 3., cook the foodand 4.their enemies away , such as tigers and bears.Early people made their own clothes from animal 5.They used sharpened stone tools to cut up animals and remove their skins.Smaller scrapers were used to 6.the fat and meat from the skin.Finally they would use n

27、eedles made of animal bones to 7.the pieces together.Early people also paid attention to their 8.and wore necklaces.Some of the necklace beads were made of animal bones but somewere madeof shells , which told us that all the fields around Zhoukoudian caves used to be part of a large9.lake.Early peop

28、le didnt grow their own crops,but picked fruit when it was 10.and hunted animals for food.答案：l.archaeology 2.fires 3.warm 4.scare 5.skins6. remove 7.sew 8.appearance 9.shallow 10.ripe規(guī)范寫作技法指導(dǎo)1一方市技月事物類說(shuō)明文的寫作說(shuō)明文是一種以說(shuō)明為主要表達(dá)方式的文章體裁。它用來(lái)客觀地 介紹事物或闡明事理。說(shuō)明文的種類很多，主要有事物類說(shuō)明文和事 理類說(shuō)明文。要寫好事物類說(shuō)明文，應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1 .抓住事物的特點(diǎn)

29、。詳細(xì)描述事物的本質(zhì)特征，從而使讀者獲得全面、深刻的認(rèn)識(shí)。2 .注意說(shuō)明順序。說(shuō)明文常用的順序有以下三種：時(shí)間順序、空間順序和邏輯順序。說(shuō)明復(fù)雜的事物時(shí)常將這三種順序結(jié)合起來(lái)使用。3 .巧用說(shuō)明方法。寫好事物類說(shuō)明文，不僅要抓特征、講條理，還要巧妙地運(yùn)用說(shuō) 明方法，這樣才能把復(fù)雜的事物清楚、 直觀地呈現(xiàn)在讀者面前，文章 也會(huì)顯得更生動(dòng)、形象。4 .語(yǔ)言要準(zhǔn)確。事物類說(shuō)明文是對(duì)事物做客觀介紹的文章，所以寫作時(shí)要注意語(yǔ) 言的準(zhǔn)確性。寫作積累常用句式1. It looks like.2. .be located in.3. .date back to.4. .measure.metres from.

30、to.5. With a height of., it.6. It is in good condition.7. It may be used as/for.8. It is made from/of.的精品展示假如你是高三學(xué)生弓K磊，你的網(wǎng)友Mike在暑假期間要到中國(guó)來(lái)旅游，想事先了解北京的風(fēng)貌。請(qǐng)你給Mike介紹一下北京的情況內(nèi)容包括：1,北京位于華北地區(qū)。2 .北京是中國(guó)的政治中心，在文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)、科學(xué)、教育等方面 起著重要作用；北京有很多著名的大學(xué)。3 .北京歷史悠久，歷史文化古跡有市區(qū)的故宮、北海公園、天 壇等；郊區(qū)有頤和園、長(zhǎng)城等。4 .北京的交通便利：地鐵四通八達(dá)，公交方便，出租

31、車司機(jī)樂 于助人。要求：1 .不要逐字翻譯，可以增加細(xì)節(jié)以使行文通順。2 .詞數(shù)100左右，開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總數(shù)。參考詞 the: the Temple of Heaven 天壇the Ming Tombs 明陵Dear Mike ,I am glad to have heard you are going to China for your summer vacation.Im writing to tell you something about Beijing.Welcometo Beijing! I hope you have a good stay in Beijing!Yo

32、urs sincerely ,Zhang Lei寫作要點(diǎn)1 .第一段：寫北京是中國(guó)文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、教育中心。2 .第二段：介紹北京的名勝古跡。3 .第三段：說(shuō)明北京便利的交通。4 .第四段：歡迎Mike到北京，祝愿他在北京快樂。范文點(diǎn)評(píng)范義點(diǎn)評(píng)Dear Mike ,I am glad to have heard you are going toChinayou re your summer vacation.Im writing totell you something about Beijing.Beijing lies in Northern China.It is not only t

33、he political centre of the country, but_ also playsan outstanding part in culture , economy science and education.There are numerous universities in Beijing.Among the citys historical and cultural monumentsare the Palace Museum Beihai Park and the Temple of Heaven.In the suburbs, there aremany other

34、 sights , including the Summer Palace and the Great Wall.It is now very convenient to travel inBeijing.There are subway lines on which you can travel around the city.And the buses are near you all the way and taxi drivers in Beijing are also ready to help you.Welcome to Beijing ! I hope you have a g

35、ood stayin Beijing !Yours sincerely ,Zhang Lei本文使用了高級(jí) 詞匯，如notonly.butalso. , lie in , all the way , be convenient 等及 倒裝句、定語(yǔ)從句 等，這些都為文章 增添了亮點(diǎn)。語(yǔ)言 簡(jiǎn)潔明快，表達(dá)清 晰自然，給讀者以 耳目一新的感覺作文所寫根據(jù)下面提示寫一篇100詞左右的說(shuō)明文，向Mr.Smith介紹適 合他租用的一處房子。（1）位于市中心商業(yè)區(qū)，交通便利，環(huán)境優(yōu)美; （2）面積80平方米，寬敞明亮；（3）房間天然氣、暖氣、家具、空調(diào) 等必備設(shè)施齊全；（4）房租價(jià)格合理，每月僅1 000元

36、。其房子位置 和戶型如圖所示：答案：The house is on the fifth floor of a six storey buildingwhich is located at the crossroads made by the Garden Avenue and the Peace Avenue, two busiest streets in our city.Around it lie a supermarket, a hospital and a bus stop, so it isconvenient for you to do shopping, see a doctor

37、 or travel.2Whats more, the house covers an area of 80 m and contains one living room, two bedrooms, one kitchen and one toilet.Besides , it is equipped with all the households and living facilities such as natural gas, heating system, furniture, air conditioners and so on.The rent is no more than 1

38、, 000 yuan per month , which is a real bargain.課后演練強(qiáng)基提能A級(jí)基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)I .用括號(hào)內(nèi)詞的適當(dāng)形式或根據(jù)句意填空1. I cut the meat for cooking meat balls.2. There is alternative to this sick system but we are choosing to ignore it.3. The(assume) that humanclones have already been born hasnt been proved yet.4. . he often puts it ,

39、university education determines ones future.5. Tom(work) in the library every night over the last three months.6. Myinterest in stamp collecting dates back myschooldays.7. He had expected to give them a wonderful lecture,only(disturb) by some naughty boys.8. I failed again.If only I (have) time to r

40、eview my lessons.9. The new drug has great(significant) for the treatment of the disease.10. It is time for us to look the past and look to the future when the new year comes.11. He is a(skill) English speaking professor.12. At the end of her song , the audience jumped to their feet and(applaud) wil

41、dly.13. A lot of cars and crowds here made us feel hotter and(dizzy).14. Weshould work out a(system) way to solve the problem.15. (scratch) his head, Tomthought of a good idea.答案：1.up 2.an 3.assumption 4.As 5.has been working6. to 7.to be disturbed 8.had had 9.significance10. back at ahead 11.skilfu

42、l 12.applauded13. dizzier 14.systematic 15.Scratchingn.話題微寫作將下列句子翻譯成英語(yǔ)并連成一段意義完整、語(yǔ)言流暢的小短文 (80詞左右)。1 .這件事過(guò)去五年了。(date back to)2 .他厭倦了學(xué)習(xí)。(be fed up with)3 .他不顧家人的反對(duì)，只身一人離開了家。 (regardless of)4 .他認(rèn)為自己能賺大錢。(assume)5 .(當(dāng)時(shí))他身上最多只有100元錢。(at most)6 .他到了上海后卻發(fā)現(xiàn)諸事不順。(only to do)7 .除了去偷、去搶外，他別無(wú)選擇。(alternative)8 .最

43、后他因?yàn)閾尳俣徊丁?arrest)9 .如今他后悔了，要是能回到學(xué)校那該有多好！(if only)10 .他已決定要為將來(lái)打算，開始新的生活。(look ahead)答案：This incident dates back to five years ago, when he wasfed up with study.He left homealone regardlessof objectionsfrom his family , assuming that he could make a fortune.He had at most 100 yuan on him and got to S

44、hanghai, only to find nothing went well.He had no alternative but to steal and rob and was arrested for robbing at last.Now he regrets that if only he could go back to school ! He has decided to look ahead and starta new life.B級(jí)能力提升HI .閱讀理解閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B C和D）中，選出 最佳選項(xiàng)。The ancient city is in P

45、ingyao county , Shanxi Province.The city wall was first built during the Zhou Dynasty.Since 1997,it has been listed as a World Heritage Site.Now Pingyao city is the only one in China completely protected as it washundreds of years ago.The perimeter（ 周長(zhǎng)）of this square city is 6.4 km long and the city

46、 wall is the earliest and largest city wall in China.It is 12 m high with width of 5 m . The wall was built with earth and covered with bricks.Outside the city wall there is a river, 4 m wide and 4 m deep.There are several gates of the city, two each on the east and west and one each on the south an

47、d north side.All the gates have two doors each.This has given the city the nameTurtleCity “ with the two gates on the south and north standing for the head and tail of the turtle and four gates on the east and west as the four legs.The doors on the south and north stand opposite each other, like the

48、 head of the turtle extending out and two wells just beyond the southern gate are like a turtles two eyes.Located on the trade route between Beijing and Xian,Pingyao developed into a merchant center where the local people set up the nations earliest banks.These banks were the first in China to use c

49、hecks.Several old courtyards have been turned into museums,most of which were homes and offices of Pingyaos old banks.One of the most unusual aspects of a visit here is realizing that this place was very important to Chinas financial history.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文介紹了中國(guó)唯一一座被保護(hù)完整的古城平遙。1. What does the passage mainly

50、talk about?A. The ancient city Pingyao.B. Chinas ancient financial centre Pingyao.C. The city wall of Pingyao.D. The museums in Pingyao.解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一、三句The ancient city is in Pingyao county, Shanxi Province.” 山西省平遙古城。NowPingyao city is the only one in China completely protected as it was hundreds

51、 of years ago.”現(xiàn)在平遙縣是中國(guó)唯一一座被保護(hù)完整的古城，它有數(shù)百年的歷史。故選A。答案：A2. How many gates are there in Pingyao city?A. Four.B. Five.C. Six.D. Seven.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句two each on the east and west and one each on the south and north side ”在東、西各有兩個(gè)門；在南、北各有一個(gè)門。故選C。答案：C3. Which gate in Pingyao city stands for the head of t

52、he turtle?A. The gate on the north. B . The gate on the south.C. The gate on the east.D. The gate on the west.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句the two gates on thesouth and north standing for the head and tail of the turtle在南邊的門和北邊的門分別是海龜?shù)念^和尾。故選B。答案：B4 . It can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that .A. Ping

53、yao city played an important role in ancient Chinas financeB. museums in Pingyao city are now used for bank officesC. Pingyao city was one of the largest cities in ancient ChinaD. old banks in ancient Pingyao city used checks only解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句One of the mostunusual aspects of a visit here is r

54、ealizing that this placewas very important to Chinas financial history.這里最不尋常的一個(gè)方面是它對(duì)中國(guó)的金融發(fā)展非常重要。故選Ao答案：AIV.七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Philadelphia is a city known for many things.It is where the Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776, and it was also the first capital of th

55、e United States.1 It is _hometo nearly 3, 000 murals（壁畫）painted on the sides of homes and buildings around the city.Therere more murals than any other city on Earth.2More than 20 years ago, a New Jersey artist named Jane Golden started a program pairing troubled youth with artists to paint murals on

56、 a few buildings around the city.3_The teenagers involved helped to create magnificent pieces of art, and there were other, even more important, benefits.The young people learned to cooperate and get along with many different kinds of people during the painting.They learned to be responsible, because they needed to follow a schedule to make sure the murals were completed.4 It is hard foranyone to see the spectacular designs and not feel proud to be a part of Philadelphia.Take a walk around some of the poorest neighbourhoods in Philadelphia and you will find beaut