初中英語介詞專項0001

1、介詞二、常1、in介詞的作用之內(nèi)above, around, at, behind, between, by,1）表表地點、位置、方向的介詞down, from, in, up, in front of, into, onto,點，表near, off, out, over, through, under,點。介詞towards,in表時間的介詞by, in, on ,over, withwith其他介詞like, with, without, from, next, tomomdad.一.概念：介詞用來表明名詞與句中其他詞的關(guān)系，介詞是虛詞，不能獨立充當(dāng)句子成分介詞短語能夠充當(dāng)句子成分，介詞

2、短語=介詞+介詞賓語(名詞、賓格代詞、動名詞等充當(dāng))2)表示時間，表示在某一個時間段內(nèi)3)表示顏色和語言也用介詞in。The weather is cold in winter.用 在.示地 小大地 She' sChina her andDo you know the girl in red2、from從中來1) come from2) download from3) be different from3. with和，用，與1) with sb和人在一起2) with sth.表示用某種工具4. at在1)表地點，主小地點。2)表時間，主指時間的一個點。3) be good at 擅

3、長于5. behind在后面6. next to 緊挨著7. in front of 在 前面8. for 為了,因為。ooo9. on在上，在時1)表示時間，表示具體的一大2) 表示地點10. to自，向1) talk to與談?wù)?) go to 去3) welcome to 歡迎到4) listen to 聽5) connectto 和.連接一起三、.常用的介詞的區(qū)別：I can write this article in English.I come from China and I' m Chinese.I download music from the Internet.Li

4、ly ' s habits are different from Linda' s.I' m in Class One with Daming and Lingling.I write with my pen, and I see with my eyes.My father is a teacher at Beijing International School.I get up at half past seven in the morning.I am good at reading and writing.The classrooms are behind th

5、e offices.The library is next to the classrooms.They are in front of Tony and Daming.Thank you for your email.Would you like to go to a football match on Sunday on the farm on the playgroundWe have a break and I talk to my friends.He likes films and he often goes to the cinema.Welcome to Beijing Zoo

6、.They always listen to music.Please connect the monitor to the computer first.in, to, on在方位名詞前的區(qū)別1. in表示A地在B地范圍之內(nèi)，2. to表示A地在B地范圍之外(有距離)3. on表示A地與B地接壤、毗鄰， .at, in, on, by在表示時間上的區(qū)別如 Taiwan is in the southeast of China., 如：Japan lies to the east of China.如： North Korea is on the east of China.1. at指時間表

7、示：（ 1）時間的點、時刻等。They came home at noon （ at sunrise, at midnight, at ten o clock, at daybreak） .（ 2）較短暫的一段時間?？芍改硞€節(jié)日或被認(rèn)為是一年中標(biāo)志大事的日子。He went home at New Year （ at Christmas, at the Spring Festiva） l .2. in 指時間表示：（ 1）在某個較長的時間（如世紀(jì)、年、月、季節(jié)以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚等）內(nèi)。in 2004, in March, in spring, in the morning, in th

8、e evening（2）在一段時間之后。一般用于將來時，謂語動詞為非延續(xù)性動詞，意為“在以后”。 He will arrive in two hours.（3）謂語動詞為延續(xù)性動詞時，in意為“在以內(nèi)”。These products will be made in a month.3. on 指時間表示：（ 1）具體的時日和一個特定的時間，如某日、節(jié)日、星期幾等,On Christmas Day there will be a party.（ 2）在某個特定的早晨、下午或晚上。He arrived at 8o clock on the night of Friday.（ 3）準(zhǔn)時，按時。If

9、the train can be on time, I should get home before dark.4. by指時間表示：（ 1）不遲于，在（某時）前。如： He will come by six o clock.（2）在問，在的時候。如：He worked by day and studied by night. .near, by, beside, at表示“在附近”時的區(qū)別1. near表示相對的近，實際距離可能還很遠(yuǎn)。Suzhou is near Shanghai.2. by和beside者B表示靠近，實際距離不很遠(yuǎn)，但beside比by更具體地表示出“在旁邊”的意思。He

10、 was sitting beside her. He is walking by the river.3. at也有“在旁邊”的意思，但多表示有目的的行為所處的位置，而by和beside僅表示位置關(guān)系。如： The students are sitting at the table listening to the teacher.Several students are sitting by / beside the door talking about a music. . at, in 和 on 表示地點時的區(qū)別1. at表示地點：（1）用于指較小的地方。arrive at,接小地方

11、I will wait for you at the station.（ 2）用于門牌號碼前。 Helives at 11 Zhongshan Road.2. in 表示地點：arrive in 接較大地方He lives in Shanghai.3. on表示地點，一般指與面或線接觸，意為“在上；在旁” 。The picture was hanging on the wall. .besides, except, but表示“除外”之間的區(qū)別1. besides示“除了以外，還有”,具有附加性質(zhì)。如：Besides xiaoming , we also went to see the fil

12、m.注意：besides用于否定句中時，與except, but同義，可互換。如：We have no other books besides / except these.2. except表示"除外”，具有排它性質(zhì)。如：We all went to see the film except xiaoming.（王先生沒去）3. but意為“除了"，與except同義，except強調(diào)被排除的部分，but則強調(diào)整句的內(nèi)容，常修飾否定意義的代詞。Nobody knew it but me. .above, over, on, up表示“在上”之間的區(qū)另U1. above指&q

13、uot;上方”，表示相對高度，不一定在正上方，其反義詞為belowWe re flying above the clouds.2. over指"在正上方”，表示垂直上方，其反義詞為 under。The bridge is over the river.3. on表示“在上面”，與物體表面接觸，與beneath相對。There is a map on the wall.4. up表示動作的方向往上，反義詞為 down。如：Please stand up with, from, for, at 表示原因的區(qū)別1. with 表示原因，指由于外界而影響到內(nèi)部，意為“因為；由于”。The l

14、ittle girl was shivering with cold.2. from 表示動機、疲勞、痛苦等原因。3. for 常表示為了某一目的、事業(yè)的原因。She did it from a sense of duty.I do apologize for keeping you waiting.4. at表示原因，指“聽到；看到；想到”等。 At the news they felt very glad. for 和 of 的用法區(qū)別試比較：It's impossible for me to watch TV after eleven o'clock. It's

15、kind of you to help me.兩句中介詞的選擇依據(jù)其前形容詞而定，一般來說,of之前的形容詞往往是用于描寫人的品質(zhì)的好壞，人自身的特點，如聰明與否，細(xì)心與粗心等；for 之前的形容詞用于描寫事物的特點，如可能性，必然性，難易程度等。by， with ， in 的用法區(qū)別by 表示"以 .的方式，方法，手段" 和"乘某種交通工具"； with 指 "借助于具體的手段或工具"；in 表示"以 方式，用語言，文字等媒介"。I solved the problem by this way. I cut th

16、e apple with a knife. He speaks with us in English. after 和 in 的用法區(qū)別這兩個介詞都可以表示時間"在以后"的意思。其區(qū)別是：after 以過去為起點，表示過去一段時間之后，常用于過去時態(tài)的句子；in 以現(xiàn)在為起點，表示將來一段時間以后，常用于將來時態(tài)的句子。I went home after 10 o'clock yesterday. The train will arrive in ten minutes.小試牛刀：一：用 by, beside, near, beyond 填空1. The littl

17、e girl is sitting her mother.2. There is a white car our school.3. Many shops are our home.4. our city there is a river.二：1. The post office is the police station and the library.A. between B. among C. in2. I can t finish my work your help.A. with B. without C. in3. Thank you me to have dinner.A. fo

18、r invite B. of invite C. for inviting4. Why are you standing, Alice-I can t see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting me.A. behind B. next to C. in front of5. If you do things , usually you can hem well. t do tA. in a hurry B. from now on C. just now6. What a nice day! We should go sight

19、seeing watching TV in the hotel.A. because of B. instead of C. together with7. Your coat looks very nice. What s it made - Cotton, and it is made Wuhan.A. from, in B. of, in C. from, on8. -When and where you born-I was born October 1 st, 1998 Suzhou.A. on, on B. in, in C. on, in9. There will be many

20、 robots people s homeasrs_._ ten yeA. in, / B. in, in C. in, after10. All the workers went home yesterday Mr White. Why-Because he was on duty.A. except B. besides C. except for11. It s very kind them to pick me up at the railway station and drive me hom. eA. for B. to C. of12. A UFO landed _ the Ce

21、nter Street.A. at B. on C. in13. the Spring Festival, the heavy snow stopped many people from back home.A. During, going B. In, go C. On, goes24. Think it over you write the answer.A. before B. after C. on答案：一： 1. by, 2. beside, 3. near, 4. beyond二： 2. B 3. C 4. C 5A 6. B 7B 8 C 9 C 10A11 C 12 B 13.

22、 A 14. A勤加磨練：1 .Theteacherisnotonlystricthispupilsbutalsostricthisownwork.A.with,with,inC.in,withD.with,in2 .Myfatherbegantoworkabusdriverwhenhewastwentyyearsold.？3 .Idon'tthinkXiaoLiistheotherstudentsmathematics.A.after,onB.after,withC.behind,inD.behind,at4 .Nobodyknowsitme.A.exceptforB.exceptt

23、hatC.besidesD.but5 .Thewindowisneveropenedinsummer.A.butB.exceptC.exceptforD.butfor6 .Wegotoschoolabike.？7.It'sverykindyoutorepairthebikeme.8.Freshairisgoodyourhealth.？boyiswaitinghissisterandtheywillgotothehospitaltowaittheirsickmother.PLAmansavedtheboydeath.A.of？11 .Hewillcomethreedays.C.inD.l

24、ater12HewenttoBeijingandreturnedthreedays.A.inB.beforeC.laterD.after13 .Hewillreturnthreeo'clock.？14 Hewrotethearticlethreedays.？15 Iagreewhatyousaid.？16 .Doyouagreethisplan(arrangement)？17 .Finallytheyagreedthetermsofthecontract.？18 .DoyouoftenhearyourbrotherA.ofB.fromC.outofD.aboutheardthebook

25、longago,butIhaveneverreadi？t.A.out？20 .Theplaneflewthecity.A.acrossC.through？21 .WewalkedtheTianAnMenSquaretotheMuseumofChineseHistory.A.acrossB.through？waswanderingthestreetswhenIcaughtsightofatailor'sshop.A.acrossB.through？22 .OurbusdrovetheGreatHallofthePeople.A.acrossB.throughC.pas？t24 .thes

26、un,nothingwouldgrow. ForC.UnderD.Without25 .Theteacherisbusyteaching.？26 .Theteacherisbusycorrectingpapers.A.for？27 .WeleftXi'anaveryhotsummerafternoon.A.onC.during？28 .Histeacherwasangryhimhisbeinglate.,with,for,for,about29 .Myfatherwasdisappointedthenews.A.byB.aboutC.atD.o30 .MrWangwenttoNanji

27、ngOctober,1998andcamebackhomethemorningofNov.5.;in;at;on;from31 .Myunclelives105HuangheStreet.Hisroomisthefifthfloor.;on;at;in;to1.1 Idon'tthinkyoucanworkoutthemathsproblemtheteacher'shelp.A.sinceB.unlessC.becauseD.without33 .-Doyougotherebus-No,wegothereatrain.A.in;on;on;in;with34 .Thetrees

28、frontofthehousearethechargeofOldLi.A.in;inB.at;inC.in;byD.from;in35 .Theoldmandied cold acoldnight.A.from;at;in;onD.for;during36 .DoesJohnknowanyotherforeignlanguages French hA.exceptB.butC.besidesD.beside37.-Howlonghasthebookshopbeeninbusiness-1982. A.After ?38.Didyouhaveanytrouble thepostofficdA.t

29、ohavefoundB.withfindingC.tofindD.infinding tellyouthetruth,Ihavenothingtodo it.? 40.Taiwanis theeastofFujian.A.in ?41HisfatherwillbebackfromLondon afewdays.?42.Theword"write"hasthesamepronunciation theword"right”關(guān)系代詞A.of ?43.Thetrainleaves 6:00p.m.SoIhavetobeatthestation 5:40p.m.atthe

30、latest.A.at;until(延續(xù))B.for;after;by (瞬間)D.before;around44. We will be in Nanjing Tuesday Thursday.A. on/ throughB. on/toC. from/toD. on./till45. There are many beautiful birds the tree.A. onB. atC. inD. besides1-5DDCDB-6-10BCBAB-11-15CDABC-16-20DABCD-21-25ABCDA-26-30BADCC 31-35ADCCA 36-40CCDDD 41-45

31、BBCBBC (應(yīng)至U 43 答案有誤)初中英語常用介詞短語1)at once立刻21)by air mail寄航空郵件2)at last最后22)by bike/air/train/bus3)at first起先，首先騎自行車/乘飛機/火車/汽布4)at the age o f在歲時23)by ordinary mail寄平信5)at the end of 在之末24)by the way順便說6)at the beginning of 在 之初25)by the window在窗邊7)at the foot of 在腳下26)by the end of 到 底為止8)at the same

32、 time同時27)little by little逐漸地9)at night/noon在夜里/中午28)in all總共10)with one's help29)in fact事實上在某人的幫助下，由于某人的幫助30)in one's twenties在某人一十幾歲時11)with the help of 在的幫助下31)in a hurry匆忙12)with a smile面帶笑容32)in the middle of在 中間13)with one's own eyes親眼看見33)in no time (in a minute)立刻，很快14)after a wh

33、ile過了一會兒34)in time (on time)及時15)from now on從現(xiàn)在起35)in public公眾，公開地16)from then on從那時起36)in order to為了17)far example例如37)in front of在 前回18)far away from遠(yuǎn)離38)in the sun在陽光下19)from morning till night從早到晚39)in the end最后，終于20)by and by不久40)in surprise驚奇地41)in turn依次49)on the other hand 另一方面42)of course當(dāng)然

34、50)at/on the weekend在周末43)a bit (of)有一點兒51)on the left (right)在左（右）邊44)a lot of許多52)on the other side of在另一邊45)a little一點兒53）on the radio通過收音機（無線電廣播）46)on one's way to 某人在去的路上54)to one's joy使高興的是47）on foot步行，走路55)to one's surprise使驚訝的是48）a talk on space 一個關(guān)于太空的報告介詞和各類詞搭配構(gòu)成的介詞短語1）.介詞與動詞搭配

35、arrive in/at到達(dá)wait for等候，等待ask for要，請求turn on/off打開（關(guān)上do well in在方面做得好listen to聽give in投降look after照顧，照看go on繼續(xù)look for尋找look like看上去像hear from收到來信get to到達(dá)hear of聽說fill with充滿，裝滿help's sth.幫助做begin with以開始laugh at嘲笑meet with偶爾遇見，遭遇learn from向?qū)W習(xí)pass on傳遞talk to與 談話belong totake down拿下，取了write to寫

36、信給look at（后總識地）看call on號召，訪問，邀請speak to對某人smile at向微笑take away拿走，帶走look out向四卜看，到處看think of考慮，關(guān)心2）.介詞與名詞搭配in time及時at the meeting在會上in life一生中on one' s way to在的路上on time準(zhǔn)時，按時in the sun在陽光下in front of在 前回in a tree在樹上on foot步行in surprise驚奇地by bus乘公共汽車at once立刻，馬上at home在家at the foot of在腳下in Englis

37、h用英語at all壓根兒in the middle在中間at dinner在吃正餐at night在晚上at the table在桌子旁at noon在中午at work在工作with a smile帶著微笑at school在學(xué)校of course當(dāng)然（可以）in a hurry匆忙，急忙at the back of在 后面in a minute一會at the beginning of在 開始by the way順便說說/問問at the end of在結(jié)尾at first首先，起初at the same time同時，然而at last最后，終于by train乘火車day by da

38、y日復(fù)一日in line成一直線one by one一個好個in a short while不久in a word總而百之，一句話in all總共，總計in fact事實上in town在城里in the street在街上on the left/ right在左/右邊in the end最后，終于on the one handon the other han方面in no time立刻，很快一方面in order按順序，整齊，正常on top of在頂上in order to為了，以便in public當(dāng)眾，公開地in the day在白天out of work失業(yè)3)介詞與形容詞、過去分詞和動詞等搭配be made of由制成be angry at sth.為某事生氣be tired of討厭/厭倦be proud of以為自豪/驕傲be sure of 確信take part in 參力口take c