名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則及習(xí)題

1、1名詞變復(fù)數(shù)一名詞變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化及發(fā)音：1.絕大多數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞在詞尾加上s ; eg：book宀 books; deskdesks; pen f pen scar f cars s 遇 t 讀濁輔音ts，遇 d 讀清輔音dzeg：frie nd f frie nds; catfcats;2、以 s、x、ch、sh 結(jié)尾的單詞，在該詞末尾加上-es;讀音規(guī)則：讀iz;eg：busfbuses; boxfboxewsa; tchfwatchches; dishfdishes3、以輔音字母+y 結(jié)尾的名詞，要把 y 變?yōu)?i，再加-es;讀音規(guī)則：讀z。eg：flyfflies; labyfbabi

2、es;元音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的單詞直接加 s; eg：toyftoys boyfboys；4、以-f 或-fe 結(jié)尾的名詞，要將-f 或-fe 變?yōu)?v,再加 es;讀音規(guī)則：讀vz;eg：knifefknives leaffleaves5、 以-o 結(jié)尾的名詞，初級(jí)階段只有三個(gè)單詞要加-es,其余都加-s;讀音規(guī)則： 讀z。eg：tomatoftomatoe 西紅柿;potatofpotato 土豆;herofhoes英雄; NegroNegroes 口訣：“黑人英雄喜歡吃土豆和西紅柿”其余 eg： zoofzoos; hippofhippos二名詞變復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)則變化：1單詞內(nèi)部發(fā)生變化：口訣

3、“o 常常變 ee,男人女人 a 變 e”eg：footffee 腳;toothfteet 牙齒； marfmen 男人； womarfwomen 女人；2. 單復(fù)數(shù)相同：“羊魚小鹿無(wú)變化,單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)是一家 ”eg：sheepfsheep 帛羊；fishffish 魚；deerfdee 鹿；3. 不規(guī)則變化： childfhcildren 孩子； mousefmice 老鼠； GermanfGermans 德 國(guó)人；4 某國(guó)人”的復(fù)數(shù)有三種類型： 口訣“中日不變，英法變，其它 S 加后邊”(1) Chinese, Japanes 單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)同形，不需加 s;(2) Englishman, Fren

4、chman, Dutchman (荷蘭人)復(fù)數(shù)要把 man 變?yōu)?men;(3) 其他各國(guó)人以an，-ian 收尾的均直接加 s。如：America ns, Australia ns, 三.不可數(shù)名詞：1不可數(shù)名詞概念：不可以數(shù)的名詞叫做不可數(shù)名詞。包括物質(zhì)名詞(表示無(wú) 法分為個(gè)體的物質(zhì))和抽象名詞(表示抽象概念的詞) 。2不可數(shù)名詞特點(diǎn)：不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，也不能與a, an 及數(shù)詞連用，常作單數(shù)看待。2例： water There s some water in the bottle.food My favorite food is no odles.不可數(shù)名詞如表數(shù)量，常和 a bo

5、ttle of, a glass of 等名詞詞組連用。如表示復(fù)數(shù), 只把量詞改為復(fù)數(shù)。例: a bottle of pop 一瓶汽水 ,two glasses of orange juice 兩杯桔子汁，three cups of tea三杯茶 ，a piece of paper 一張紙有些物質(zhì)名詞有時(shí)可數(shù)，有時(shí)不可數(shù)，要根據(jù)上下文決定，其意義也有所不 同。A glass is made of glass 玻璃杯是玻璃制成的。（玻璃杯可數(shù)，玻璃不可數(shù)。）I bought a melon yesterday. I want to eat some melon.四.特殊名詞的講解：Wpeople

6、 作“人們，人民”解時(shí)，只有復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作復(fù)數(shù)。作“民族”解時(shí)，單復(fù)數(shù)不同，復(fù)數(shù)要在詞尾加s。There are five people in my family.我家有五口人。There are fifty-six peoples in our country 我們國(guó)家有 56 個(gè)民族。 clothes, pyjamas （睡衣;的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)作復(fù)數(shù)。例: My favorite clothes are pants. These pyjamas are too small. pants , shoes , glasses ,shortsscissors 等名詞，由兩部分構(gòu)成，常以復(fù)數(shù)

7、形式 出現(xiàn)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。要表示單數(shù)常用a pair of 表示，此時(shí)如作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)要作單數(shù)看待。例: Your pants are blue. This pair of pants is mine.集體名詞看作整體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；指成員時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。His family is a large family. His family like an imals.指整體指成員有的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)意思不同：例：hair 和 fruit 通常作單數(shù)，表示總體。My hair is black.我的頭發(fā)是黑色的。I like fruit .It s go 我喜歡水果，水果對(duì)你的身體有好處。但如果表示若干

8、根頭發(fā)或各種水果，則需用復(fù)數(shù)形式.Danny has three hairs 丹 尼有三根頭發(fā)。She likes pears, peaches and other fruits 他 喜歡梨，桃和其它水果。3練 習(xí)：. 寫出下列單詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：fish-boy-watch-knife-leaf-wife-baby-family-man-woman-child-tooth-goose-mouse-sheep-peach-picture-Chinese-he-his-I-this-is-it-that-she-you-me-him-her-my-mine-am-tomato-potato-zoo-

9、foot-toy-n.將下列句子改為復(fù)數(shù)句子：1. He is a student . _2. It s a box_._3. This picture is nice. _4. She is a teacher. _5. I m a good child. _6. That s a delicimouesal. _7. This is my friend. _8. This is a bike. _9._That is herbrother. _10._This is a book.11._That is an eraser._12.It is a red orange. _13._He i

10、s a doctor.14. Whatsthis? _15._This is mymother. _16._He is a Chineseboy. _17._Who is she ?18.Is this a pen ? _19.Are those your sisters ? _20.Is that your friend ? _皿.將下列句子改為單數(shù)句子：1. These are their grandparents. _2. Who re the boys? They re my stu_d_e_n_ts_._3. What are they ? _44. We are boys. _5. What are these? They are buses. _6. Tho