不定式屬于非限定動詞它除了不能作謂語外

1、Module 4Sandstorms in AsiaGrammarInfinitive 不定式屬于非限定動詞。它除了不能作謂語外，在句中可以充當(dāng)任何成分，可以作主語、表語、賓語、補(bǔ)語、定語和狀語。 不定式的時態(tài)有：一般式、進(jìn)行式、完成式、和完成進(jìn)行式。當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是不定式動作的承受者時，不定式就要用被動形式。 不定式一般式所表示的動作通常與謂語所不定式一般式所表示的動作通常與謂語所表示的動作或狀態(tài)同時（或幾乎同時）發(fā)表示的動作或狀態(tài)同時（或幾乎同時）發(fā)生，或在它之后發(fā)生。生，或在它之后發(fā)生。主動：主動：to do 1. Im glad to meet you.2. She invited

2、 me to attend the meeting.3. The boy is old enough to go to school.被動：被動：to be done1. There was nothing to be done.2. Id like to be told whats going on.3. Nothing is allowed to be taken out of the reading room. 不定式進(jìn)行式表示動作正在進(jìn)行，與謂語不定式進(jìn)行式表示動作正在進(jìn)行，與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生。動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生。主動：主動：to be doing1. To be cyc

3、ling in a sandstorm is frightening.2. They pretended to be working hard when their boss passed them. 不定式完成式所表示的動作在謂語動作所不定式完成式所表示的動作在謂語動作所表示的動作之前發(fā)生。表示的動作之前發(fā)生。主動：主動：to have done1. Im the only person in my family to have been in a sandstorm. 2. He is not likely to have got my letter.被動：被動：to have been

4、done1. To have been caught in a sandstorm is a terrible experience.2. The room was said to have been cleaned. 注意：注意：在英語學(xué)習(xí)中常會遇到一些不帶在英語學(xué)習(xí)中常會遇到一些不帶to的不的不定式。常見的關(guān)于不帶定式。常見的關(guān)于不帶to的不定式的用法如的不定式的用法如下：下：1. Cannot but, cannot choose but 與與 cannot help but 之后的不定式一般都不帶之后的不定式一般都不帶to，常，常翻譯為翻譯為“不得不不得不”。I cant but ad

5、mire her courage.我不能不欽佩她的勇氣。我不能不欽佩她的勇氣。He cant choose but do it. 她只好做這事了。她只好做這事了。I cant help but love her. 我不禁愛上她。我不禁愛上她。2. 在連詞在連詞but之前如有動詞之前如有動詞do，其后的不定式，其后的不定式不用不用to，即：，即：do nothing but + 動詞原形，動詞原形，譯為譯為“只只”；但如果連詞；但如果連詞but之前的動之前的動詞不是詞不是do，其后的不定式一般要帶，其后的不定式一般要帶to。He does nothing but complain.她什么都不做，

6、只是抱怨。她什么都不做，只是抱怨。The workers do nothing but drink tea and talk to each other.工人們什么都不做，只是喝茶聊天。工人們什么都不做，只是喝茶聊天。He had no choice but to accept the fact.她別無選擇，只有接受事實(shí)。她別無選擇，只有接受事實(shí)。1. Im travelling during a sandstorm. Its dangerous.2. Experts hope that they will learn more about the movement of thundersto

7、rms. Rewrite the sentences using infinitive structuresIt is dangerous to be traveling during a sandstorm.Experts hope to learn more about the movement of thunderstorms.3. We were told, “Dont leave the house.”4. The men need to complete the work on the house by the end of the week.5. It seems that mo

8、st houses have been destroyed by the storm.We were told not to leave the house.The work on the house needs to be completed (the work) by the end of the week.Most houses seem to have been destroyed by the storm.Checking your answers of exercise 3.1. It is frightening to be working in the road in a sa

9、ndstorm. I hope I reach home soon.2. Experts hope to learn more about the movement of sandstorms.3. Id like to be told about the situation before now.4. The work needs to be completed by the end of the week.5. My father was out of the city when the sandstorm came. He was very glad to have missed it.

10、6. The building has to be finished by the end of the year.7. To see a real sandstorm was very frightening.Finish the following exercises.1. I was watching an interesting TV program about how to make dinners last night when electricity was out, and I couldnt _ to the bed. A. but goingB. help but to g

11、o C. help goingD. choose but go2. _ in a heavy rain, Robert fell ill and couldnt but _ for a leave. A. Caught, to askB. Catching, ask C. Catching, to askD. Caught, askDD3. He does nothing but _(talk).4. The man could do nothing but _ (wait).5. We have no choice but _ (wait).6. They want nothing but _ (succeed).7. How did you spend your weekend, Joe? I didnt find anything interesting for me _ some washing instead of my mothe